Search

Agroecus griseus Dallas, 1851 (Figs 16–19) Agroecus griseus Dallas, 1851: 199; Walker, 1867: 243; Stål, 1872b: 23; Distant, 1880: 329; Lethierry & Severin, 1893: 126; Kirkaldy, 1909: 63; Jensen-Haarup, 1937: 171; Buckup, 1957: 8; Buckup, 1961: 9; Rider & Rolston, 1987: 437–438. Agroecus tenebricosus Buckup, 1957: 8. Material studied. Barra do Ribeiro: 1♂, Boa Vista farm, 30°27’25.4”S 51°16’23.8”W, 16.XII.2003, Probio Team leg. (MCNZ). Itaúba: 1♀, 06.IV.1978, H. Bischoff leg. (MCNZ); 1♂, 1♀, 18.IV.1978, M. H. Galileo leg. (MCNZ); 1♂, 1♀, 06.IV.1978, E. H. Buckup leg. (MCNZ); 2♀, 06.IX.1978, E. H. Buckup leg. (MCNZ). Palmares do Sul: 1♀, 1♂, Capivari Lake isthmus, 30°15’08.2”S 50°32’01.1”W, 20.V.2004, Probio Team leg. (MCNZ). Porto Alegre: 1♂, Agronomia, 24.X.1985, Fernandes leg. (UFRG); 1♂, Vila Assunção, 21.IV.1985, A. Mohr leg. (UFRG); 1♂, 26.XI.1991, J. A. M. Fernandes leg. (UFRG); 1♀, 24.IX.1952 (MCNZ); 1♀, 23.IX.1952 (MCNZ); 1♀, 09.V.1951 (MCNZ); 1♀, 23.XII.1952 (MCNZ); 1♀, 08.IX.1948 (MCNZ); 1♀, 18.II.1953 (MCNZ); 1♂, 13.V.1953 (MCNZ); 1♂, 03.X.1951 (MCNZ), 1♂, 18.VIII.1954 (MCNZ); 1♂, 24.X.1956 (MCNZ); 1♂, 27.VI.1953 (MCNZ); 1♂, 20.IX.1954 (MCNZ); 1♂, 05.X.1949 (MCNZ). São Leopoldo: 1♀, (MCNZ). Triunfo: 1♂, Parque Braskem, main trail, 16.IX.2009, A. Barcellos & D. Casagrande leg. (MCNZ); 1♂, Parque Copesul, Mirante do Umbu trail, 29.IV.2003, (MCNZ); 1♂, Parque Copesul, portico trail, 29.IV.2003, (MCNZ); 1♂, Parque Copesul, 19.XI.2002, (MCNZ). Tupandi: 1♀, V.2009, R. V. Dalbem leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body grayish. Head wider than long; mandibular plates and clypeus subequal in length. Anterolateral margins of pronotum straight or sub rectilinear and crenulated (Rider & Rolston 1987); humeral angles weakly produced and obtuse; trans-humeral band with callosities but without punctures (Fig. 16). Scutellum with a prominent Y-shaped tubercle (Fig. 16). Corium bands without punctures (Fig. 17, red arrow) and minute teeth on lateral margins (Fig. 17). All femora with two rows of small tubercles bearing setae (Fig. 18). Body length: 7.00– 8.50 mm. Recorded host plants. Maize (Gassen 1996; Fávaro et al. 2012). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Barra do Ribeiro, Itaúba, Palmares do Sul, Porto Alegre, Santa Maria, São Leopoldo, Triunfo and Tupandi (Fig. 19). New records. Barra do Ribeiro, Itaúba, Palmares do Sul, Porto Alegre, São Leopoldo, Triunfo and Tupandi. Comments. This species feeds at the base of plants, affecting tissue formation during growth (Gassen 1996)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 438-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Dallas, W. S. (1851) List of the specimens of Hemipterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. Taylor & Francis, London, 592 pp.","Walker, F. (1867) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera-Heteroptera in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London, 1655 pp. [Part 2: pp. 241 - 417]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 118688","Stal, C. (1872 b) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. II. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 10 (4), 1 - 159.","Distant, W. L. (1880) Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera, I. In: Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali- Americana. Vol. 1. R. H. Porter, London, pp. 1 - 88.","Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. (1893) Catalogue general des Hemipteres. Vol. 1. F. Hayez, Bruxelles and Berlin, x + 286 pp.","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Jensen-Haarup, A. C. (1937) Einige neue Pentastomiden Arten aus der Sammlung des Zoologischen Museums in Hamburg (Hem. Het.). Entomologische Rundschau, 54, 169 - 171, 321 - 324.","Buckup, L. (1957) Pentatomideos Neotropicais - I. Sobre o genero Agroecus Dallas, 1851 com a descricao de duas especies novas (Hemiptera-Pentatomidae). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 6, 1 - 20.","Buckup, L. (1961) Os pentatomideos do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil) (Hemiptera-Heteroptera-Pentatomidae). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 16, 1 - 24.","Rider, D. A. & Rolston, L. H. (1987) Review of the genus Agroecus Dallas, with the description of a new species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 95 (3), 428 - 439.","Gassen, D. N. (1996) Manejo de pragas associadas a cultura do milho. Aldeia Norte, Passo Fundo, 127 pp.","Favaro, C. F., Santos, T. B. & Zarbin, P. H. G. (2012) Defensive compounds and male-produced sex pheromone of the stink bug, Agroecus griseus. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 38 (9), 1121 - 1132. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10886 - 012 - 0172 - 0"]}

Chinavia herbida (Stål, 1859) (Figs 34–36) Rhaphigaster herbidus Stål, 1859: 229. Nezara (Acrosternum) herbida: Stål, 1872a: 42; Kirkaldy, 1909: 119; Pennington, 1919: 529. Nezara herbida Berg: 1878: 28; Berg, 1892: 6. Acrosternum herbida: Pennington, 1920: 9. Acrosternum (Chinavia) herbidum: Rolston, 1983: 169. Chinavia herbida: Schwertner & Grazia, 2007: 428; Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019; Servino & Schwertner, 2020 (electronic key). Material studied. None, entry based on literature data (Schwertner & Grazia 2007; Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019). Diagnostic features. Body green to light green. Cicatrices of pronotum and basal angles of scutellum without black spots (Fig. 34). Connexivum with a small black spot. Abdominal spine reaching the anterior margins of metacoxae (Fig. 35). Body length: 10.00–12.00 mm (Schwertner & Grazia 2007; Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Servino & Schwertner 2020). Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Passo Fundo (Fig. 36). Comments. Figures 34–35 were photographed by Leonardo Matheus Servino., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on page 444, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Stal, C. (1859) Hemiptera, species novas descripsit. Konglika Svenska Fregattens Eugenies Resa Omkring Jorden. IV. Zoologi, Insekter, 219 - 298.","Stal, C. (1872 a) Bidrag till Hemiptererans systematik. Conspectus generum Pentatomidum Americae. Ofv. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps - Akademiens Handlingar, Forhandlingar, 24 (7), 522 - 534.","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Pennington, M. S. (1919) Notas sobre las especies Argentinas del genero Nezara A. & S. Physis, 4, 527 - 530.","Berg, C. (1892) Nova Hemiptera faunarum Argentinae et Uruguayensis. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 33, 6.","Pennington, M. S. (1920) Lista de los Hemipteros Heteropteros de la Republica Argentina. Buenos Aires, Quilmes, 47 pp.","Rolston, L. H. (1983) A revision of the genus Acrosternum Fieber, subgenus Chinavia Orian in the Western Hemisphere (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 91, 97 - 176.","Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2007) O genero Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae) no Brasil, com chave pictorica para os adultos. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 51 (4), 416 - 435. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262007000400005","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3"]}

Chinavia impicticornis (Stål, 1872) (Figs 37–40) Nezara (Acrosternum) impicticornis Stål, 1872: 42. Nezara vicina Berg, 1892: 8. Nezara (Acrosternum) vicina: Kirkaldy, 1909: 120. Acrosternum vicina: Pennington, 1920: 9; Pirán, 1963: 337. Acrosternum impicticorne: Grazia, 1977: 163; Grazia et al. 1982; Acrosternum (Chinavia) impicticorne: Rolston, 1983: 167; Link & Grazia, 1987: 117; Panizzi 2002: 331–332. Chinavia impicticornis: Schwertner & Grazia, 2007: 428; Grazia & Schwertner, 2008: 233; Genevcius et al. 2012: 4 (table), 6 (table), 7–8, 11, 14, 19; Fürstenau et al. 2013: 74–78 (key); Bianchi et al. 2019; Servino & Schwertner, 2020 (electronic key). Material studied. Cacequi: 1♀, 19.V.1984, R. Ragagnin leg., J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body light green, antenna green, cicatrices of pronotum darker (Fig. 38, black arrow). Basal angles of scutellum dark (Fig. 37). Legs green (Fig. 39). Connexivum orange, with a black spot at posterior margins (Fig. 37).Abdominal spine reaching metacoxae.Spiracles green. Body length: 11.00–16.00 mm (Schwertner & Grazia 2007). Recorded host plants. Canola (Bianchi et al. 2019) and Soybean (Grazia et al. 1982; Link & Grazia 1987). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Cacequi, Santa Maria and Passo Fundo (Fig. 40)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on page 445, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Berg, C. (1892) Nova Hemiptera faunarum Argentinae et Uruguayensis. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 33, 6.","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Pennington, M. S. (1920) Lista de los Hemipteros Heteropteros de la Republica Argentina. Buenos Aires, Quilmes, 47 pp.","Piran, A. A. (1963) Hemiptera Neotropica, VII. Algunas especies nuevas o poco conocidas del noroeste argentino I. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 19, 336 - 337.","Grazia, J. (1977) Revisao dos Pentatomineos citados no Quarto Catalogo dos Insetos que Vivem nas Plantas do Brasil (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Dusenia, 10 (3), 161 - 174.","Grazia, J., Del Vecchio, M. C. & Hildebrand, R. (1982) Estudo das ninfas de Pentatomideos (Heteroptera) que vivem sobre a soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill): IV - Acrosternum impicticorne (Stal, 1872). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 11 (2), 261 - 268.","Rolston, L. H. (1983) A revision of the genus Acrosternum Fieber, subgenus Chinavia Orian in the Western Hemisphere (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 91, 97 - 176.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Panizzi, A. R. (2002) Stink bugs on soybean in northeastern Brazil and a new record on the southern sreen stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Neotropical Entomology, 31 (2), 331 - 332. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2002000200023","Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2007) O genero Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae) no Brasil, com chave pictorica para os adultos. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 51 (4), 416 - 435. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262007000400005","Grazia, J. & Schwertner, C. F. (2008) Pentatomidae. In: Roig-Junent, S., Claps, L. & Debandi, G. (Eds.), Biodiversidad de Artropodos Argentinos. Vol. 2. Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, Mendoza, pp. 223 - 234.","Genevcius, B. C., Grazia, J. & Schwertner, C. F. (2012) Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa, 3434 (1), 1 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3434.1.1","Furstenau, B. B. R. J., Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2013) Comparative morphology of immature stages of four species of Chinavia (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), with a key to the species of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ZooKeys, 319, 59 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 319.4310","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3"]}

Arvelius albopunctatus (De Geer, 1773) (Figs 20–23) Cimex albopunctatus De Geer, 1773: 331–332, pl. 34, fig. 6. Cimex gladiator Fabricius, 1775: 705 (syn. by Lepeletier & Serville, 1825). Arvelius albopunctatus: Amyot & Serville, 1843: 150–151; Costa & Link, 1974: 399. Material studied. Eldorado do Sul: 1♂, Est [ação] Agron [ômica], Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 28.III.2015, N. Pires leg. (UFRG). Itaara: 1♀, Barragem, 2006, R. Costa e Silva & J. Garlet leg. (UFRG). Jóia, 1♂, 2009, M. F.Aguero leg. (UFRG). São Domingos do Sul: 2♀, 13.VII.2018, R. Brugnera, leg. (UFRG). São Francisco de Paula: 1♀, Pro-Mata, 22.XI.1997, C. Weirauch leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body green in living specimens, muted yellow in pinned specimens. Mandibular plates longer than clypeus (Fig. 22) (Brailovsky 1981). Pronotal disc and scutellum with black punctuations (Figs 20, 22). Anterolateral margins of pronotum sub rectilinear to strongly concave, and crenulated (Fig. 22). Humeral angles yellowish and projected laterally. Corium with yellowish punctures (Fig. 20). Body length: 13.80–16.00 mm (Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Soybean (Costa & Link 1974; Link & Grazia 1987; Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Eldorado do Sul, Itaara, Jóia, Santa Maria, São Sepé, São Domingos do Sul and São Francisco de Paula (Fig. 23). New records. Eldorado do Sul, Itaara, Jóia, São Domingos do Sul and São Francisco de Paula., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 439-440, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["De Geer, C. (1773) Memoires pour servir a l'histoire des Insectes. Tomo 3. L. L. Grefing, Stockholm, 696 pp.","Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Korte, Flensburg et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510","Lepeletier, A. L. M. & Serville, J. G. A. (1825) Articles on Hemiptera. In: Olivier, G. A. (Ed.), Encyclopedie Methodique, 10, pp. 1 - 344.","Amyot, C. J. B. & Serville, A. (1843) s. n. In: Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Hemipteres. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Fain et Thunot, Paris, pp. 144 - 151.","Costa, E. C. & Link, D. (1974) Incidencia de percevejos em soja. Revista do Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 397 - 400.","Brailovsky, H. (1981) Revision del genero Arvelius Spinola (Hemiptera-Heteroptera- Pentatomidae-Pentatomini). Anais do Instituto de Biologia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Serie Zoologia, 51, 239 - 298.","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129."]}

Glyphepomis setigera Kormilev & Pirán, 1952 (Figs 72–74) Glyphepomis setigera Kormilev & Pirán, 1952: 301–306; Pirán, 1956: 32; Ruffinelli & Pirán, 1959: 18; Pirán, 1963: 337; Pirán, 1967: 21; Campos & Grazia, 1998: 207–208; Bianchi et al., 2016: 444 (key), 446 (map). Material studied. Capão do Leão: 4♂, 9♀, II.1988, Belarmino, L. C. leg., light trap near rice crops (UFRG); 2♂, 1♀, 04.IV.1996, MECB p210, UFPEL, Museu Entomológico, Família Pentatomidae, Glyphepomis sp. Silva, E. J. E. det. (MECB). Imbé: 1♂, II.1961, R.G.S.E & L. Buckup leg., (UFRG). Pelotas: 1♂, 01.V.1965. Santa Vitória do Palmar: 1♀, XI.1999, Schuemam leg., MECB, Família Pentatomidae, Glyphepomis Silva, E. J. E. det., UFPEL (MECB). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces dark castaneous and with bristles. Head longer than wide. Mandibular plates shorter than clypeus, rounded apically. Clypeus robust and raised above the mandibular plates. Antennomere 4 conical and slightly grooved dorsally (Fig. 72). Surface of pronotum convex, anterior angles of pronotum strongly developed into an acute spine (Fig. 73, black arrow). Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave and reflexed. Humeral angles slightly projected into small tubercles, directed laterally (Figs 72–73). Basal angles of scutellum with one callosity each. Apex of radial vein of corium with inconspicuous callosity. Distal half of legs dark castaneous with small spots. Mesosternum and abdominal disc black. Body length: 4.50–6.50 mm. Recorded host plants. Rice (Campos & Grazia 1998). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Capão do Leão, Imbé, Pelotas, Santa Maria and Santa Vitória do Palmar (Fig. 74)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 456-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Kormilev, N. A. & Piran, A. A. (1952) Una Especie Nueva del Genero Glyphepomis Berg (1891) de la Argentina (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 15, 301 - 306.","Piran, A. A. (1956) Hemipteros raros o poco conocidos y no mencionados para las faunas de Brasil, Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay y Bolivia. Revista de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Entomologia, 1 (1), 29 - 35.","Ruffinelli, A. & Piran, A. A. (1959) Hemipteros heteropteros del Uruguay. Boletin Facultad de Agronomia, Montevideo, 51, 3 - 60.","Piran, A. A. (1963) Hemiptera Neotropica, VII. Algunas especies nuevas o poco conocidas del noroeste argentino I. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 19, 336 - 337.","Piran, A. A. (1967) Hemiptera Neotropica, XI. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 30, 21.","Campos, L. A. & Grazia, J. (1998) Revisao de Glyphepomis Berg, 1891 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 41 (2 - 4), 203 - 212.","Bianchi, F. M., Goncalves, V. R., Souza, J. R. & Campos, L. A. (2016) Description of three new species of Glyphepomis Berg (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae). Zootaxa, 4103 (5), 443 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4103.5.2"]}

Mormidea v-luteum (Lichtenstein, 1796) (Figs 88–91) Cimex V-luteum Lichtenstein, 1796: 106. Mormidea (Mormidea) croceipes: Berg, 1878: 299. Mormidea (Mormidea) spegazinii Berg, 1883: 204; Kirkaldy, 1909, 61; Pennington, 1920: 8. Mormidea (Mormidea) v -luteum: Kirkaldy, 1909: 59; Pennington, 1920: 8; Rolston, 1978: 208. Material studied. Guaíba: 1♂, 22.X.1985, M. C. Del Vecchio leg. (UFRG). Júlio de Castilhos: 1♀, 14.X.1981, Tremoço, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG); 1♀, 19.XI.1981, Link & Costa leg., Tremoço, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♀, 04.II.1986, D. Link leg., J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). Rio Grande: 1♀, Estação Ecológica do Taim, 17.III.1982, J. Grazia leg., J. Grazia det. 19?? (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal surface black, with pale yellow spots next to cicatrices of pronotum (Fig. 88); ventral surface yellow. Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave. Humeral angles with variable development, from a small round projection (Fig. 90) to an acute spine (Fig. 89). Basal angles, basal half of lateral margins and apex of scutellum, and apex of radial vein of corium with a pale yellow callosity each (Fig. 88). Connexivum of variable color, from pale green to orange. Body length: 7.50– 8.50 mm (Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Canola ( Bianchi et al. 2019), rice (Grazia 1977; Martins et al. 1986; Link & Grazia 1987), soybean (Costa & Link 1974; Lopes et al. 1974) and wheat (Lopes et al. 1974). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Guaíba, Júlio de Castilhos, Passo Fundo, Pelotas, Rio Grande, Santa Maria, São Francisco de Paula, São Sepé and Viamão (Fig. 91)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on page 461, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei Zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi d. III. Auctionis lege distrahendi. Sectio Tertia continens Insecta. Gottlieb Friedrich Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp.","Berg, C. (1878) Hemiptera Argentina enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 6, 23 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36493","Berg, C. (1883) Addenda at emendanda ad Hemiptera Argentina. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 16, 204 - 206.","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Pennington, M. S. (1920) Lista de los Hemipteros Heteropteros de la Republica Argentina. Buenos Aires, Quilmes, 47 pp.","Rolston, L. H. (1978) A new subgenus of Euschistus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 86 (2), 102 - 120.","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3","Grazia, J. (1977) Revisao dos Pentatomineos citados no Quarto Catalogo dos Insetos que Vivem nas Plantas do Brasil (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Dusenia, 10 (3), 161 - 174.","Martins, F. J. M., Del Vecchio, M. C. & Grazia, J. (1986) Estudo dos imaturos de Pentatomideos (Heteroptera) que vivem no arroz (Oryza sativa L.): I - Mormidea quinqueluteum (Lichtenstein, 1796). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 15 (2), 349 - 359.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Costa, E. C. & Link, D. (1974) Incidencia de percevejos em soja. Revista do Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 397 - 400.","Lopes, O. J., Link, D. & Basso, L. V. (1974) Pentatomideos de Santa Maria - lista preliminar de plantas hospedeiras. Revista Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 317 - 322."]}

Nezara viridula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Figs 92–95) Cimex viridulus Linnaeus, 1758: 444. Nezara viridula; Amyot & Serville, 1843; Stål, 1865: 193–195; 1872: 41; 1876: 91; Lethierry & Severin, 1893: 167; Kirkaldy, 1909: 117, 381; Schouteden, 1910: 88; Freeman, 1940: 357–360; Pirán, 1948: 13; DeWitt & Godfrey, 1972: 1–23; Costa & Link, 1974: 398–399; Azim & Shafee 1978: 507–508; Zheng, 1982: 195–196; Cassis & Gross, 2002: 520–524; Rider, 2006: 329–330; Ferrari et al. 2010: 17–18. Material studied. Cachoeirinha: 1♀, 18.IV.1981, R. P. Mocellin leg. (UFRG). Canoas: 1♂, 22.XII.1985, J. A. M. Fernandes leg. (UFRG). Cruz Alta: 1♂, 19.X.1981, Link & Costa leg., “em Colza”, (UFRG). Estrela: 1♀, 01.IV.07, C. Greve leg. (UFRG). Guaíba: 1♂, 2♀, 01.X.1985, M. C. Del Vecchio leg., “em Joá”(UFRG). Rio Grande: 1♂, Estação Ecológica do Taim, 23.III.1981, 04.IV.1981, J. Grazia leg. (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♂, 02.VII.1980, J. Pauichi leg., J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG); 1♂, 26.IV.1982, Costa & Link leg., “em soja” (UFRG); 1♂, 2♀, XII.1981, D. Link leg., “em Feijão”, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG); 1♂, 07.XII.1981, Link & Costa leg., “em colza”, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces green to yellow. Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus and rounded apically. Anterolateral margins of pronotum straight. Humeral angles not developed (Fig. 92). Abdominal spine free, not reaching metacoxae (Fig. 93). Spiracles green, surrounded by a green maculae (Fig. 94). Body length: 10.00 to 15.00 mm. Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019), maize (Roza-Gomes et al. 2011; Valicente 2015), oat (Pereira & Salvadori 2020), rice (Lopes et al. 1974; Link & Grazia 1987), rye (Pereira & Salvadori 2020), soybean (Costa & Link 1974; Lopes et al. 1974; Grazia 1977; Link & Grazia 1987; Medeiros & Megier 2009) and wheat (Lopes et al. 1974; Link & Grazia 1987). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Cachoeirinha, Canoas, Cruz Alta, Estrela, Guaíba, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande, Santa Maria and São Sepé (Fig. 95). Comments. In some specimens, the anterior half of pronotum and posterolateral margins of head are yellowish (see Garbelotto & Campos 2014)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 462-463, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Linnaeus, C. (1758) Hemiptera. In: Linnaeus, C. (Ed.), Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. Editio decima, reformata. L. Salvii, Holmiae, pp. 434 - 457. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542","Amyot, C. J. B. & Serville, A. (1843) s. n. In: Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Hemipteres. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Fain et Thunot, Paris, pp. 144 - 151.","Stal, C. (1865) Hemiptera Africana I. Norstedtiana, Stockholm, 256 pp.","Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. (1893) Catalogue general des Hemipteres. Vol. 1. F. Hayez, Bruxelles and Berlin, x + 286 pp.","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Schouteden, H. (1910) Wissenschaftliche ergebnisse der schwedischen zoologischen expedition nach dem Kilimandjaro, dem Meru und den Umgebenden Massaisteppen Deutsch-Ostafrikas 1905 - 1906 unter leitung von Prof. Dr. Yngve Sjostedt. Herausgegeben mit Unterstutzung von der Konigl. Schwedischen akademie der Wissenschaften. 12. Hemiptera. 6. Pentatomidae. In: Sjostedts Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition, Stockholm, 12, pp. 73 - 96.","Freeman, P. (1940) A contribution to the study of the genus Nezara Amyot & Serville (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 90, 351 - 374.","Piran, A. A. (1948) Contribucion al conocimiento de la dispersion geografica de los Hemipteros neotropicales. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 5, 5 - 17.","DeWitt, N. B. & Godfrey, G. L. (1972) The literature of arthropods associated with soybeans. II. A bibliography of the southern green stink bug Nezara viridula (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Illinois Natural History Survey, 78, 1 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15872","Costa, E. C. & Link, D. (1974) Incidencia de percevejos em soja. Revista do Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 397 - 400.","Azim, M. N. & Shafee, S. A. (1978) Indian species of the genus Nezara Amyot and Serville (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 75 (2), 507 - 508.","Zheng, Z. M. (1982) A new species of Pentatomidae (Heteroptera) from Qinling. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 25 (2), 195 - 196.","Cassis, G. & Gross, G. F. (2002) Hemiptera: Heteroptera (Pentatomomorpha). In: Houston, W. W. K. & Wells, A. (Eds.), Zoological Catalog of Australia. Vol. 27. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. 1 - 737.","Rider, D. A. (2006) Family Pentatomidae. In: Aukema, B. & Rieger, C. (Eds.), Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Vol. 5. The Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, pp. 233 - 402.","Ferrari, A., Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2010) Review, cladistic analysis and biogeography of Nezara Amyot & Serville (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa, 2424 (1), 1 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2424.1.1","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3","Roza-Gomes, M. F., Salvadori, J. R., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2011) Injurias de quatro especies de percevejos pentatomideos em plantulas de milho. Ciencia Rural, 41 (7), 1115 - 1119. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0103 - 84782011005000081","Valicente, F. H. (2015) Manejo integrado de pragas na cultura do milho. EMBRAPA Milho e Sorgo, Circular Tecnica 208. EMBRAPA Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, 13 pp.","Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Salvadori, J. R. (2020) Arvore do conhecimento - Centeio, Insetos. AGEITEC - Agencia Embrapa de Informacao Tecnologica. Available from: http: // www. agencia. cnptia. embrapa. br / gestor / centeio / arvore / CONT 000 fz 2 zy 82 a 02 wx 5 ok 0 ejlyhd 0 qlyuvr. html (accessed 29 March 2020)","Lopes, O. J., Link, D. & Basso, L. V. (1974) Pentatomideos de Santa Maria - lista preliminar de plantas hospedeiras. Revista Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 317 - 322.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Grazia, J. (1977) Revisao dos Pentatomineos citados no Quarto Catalogo dos Insetos que Vivem nas Plantas do Brasil (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Dusenia, 10 (3), 161 - 174.","Medeiros, L. & Megier, G. A. (2009) Ocorrencia e desempenho de Euschistus heros (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) em Plantas Hospedeiras Alternativas no Rio Grande do Sul. Neotropical Entomology, 38 (4), 459 - 463. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2009000400003","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001"]}

Chinavia obstinata (St��l, 1860) (Figs 44���46) Rhaphigaster obstinatus St��l, 1860: 23; Walker, 1867: 360. Acrosternum (Chinavia) panizzii Frey-da-Silva & Grazia, 2001: 113, 115���117 (Syn. by Schwertner & Grazia, 2007). Acrosternum obstinatum: Matesco et al. 2003: 82���88. Chinavia obstinata: Schwertner & Grazia, 2006: 243; 2007: 430���431; Genevcius et al. 2012: 26���27; Campos et al. 2012, figs 2���3; F��rstenau et al. 2013: 74���78 (key); Bianchi et al. 2019; Servino & Schwertner, 2020 (electronic key). Material studied. Pelotas: 1♂, 1♀, 20.III.2001, L. M. Vivian leg. (UFRG). Porto Alegre: 1♂, II.1995, J. A. M. Fernandes leg. (UFRG). Rio Grande: 1♂, Esta����o Ecol��gica do Taim, 17.III.1982, J. Grazia leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body oval, light to dark green. Cicatrices of pronotum, basal angles of scutellum and connexivum immaculate (Fig. 44), but the latter may bear black spots at the posterolateral angles. Abdominal spine surpassing mesocoxae (Fig. 45, red arrow). Spiracles pale or dark. Body length: 11.00���15.00 mm (Schwertner & Grazia 2007; Campos et al. 2012; Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019) and soybean (Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Estrela, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande and Viam��o (Fig. 46)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Ver��nica, Carabajal, Victor, Brand��o, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on page 447, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Stal, C. (1860) Bidrag till Rio Janeiro - Traktens Hemipter-fauna. Part I. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps - Akademiens Handlingar, 2 (7), 1 - 84.","Walker, F. (1867) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera-Heteroptera in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London, 1655 pp. [Part 2: pp. 241 - 417]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 118688","Frey-da-Silva, A. & Grazia, J. (2001) Novas especies de Acrosternum subgenero Chinavia (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 90, 107 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0073 - 47212001000100011","Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2007) O genero Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae) no Brasil, com chave pictorica para os adultos. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 51 (4), 416 - 435. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262007000400005","Matesco, V. C., Fortes, N. D. F. & Grazia, J. (2003) Imaturos de Pentatomideos (Hemiptera, Heteroptera): Morfologia e biologia de Acrosternum obstinatum. Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 93 (1), 81 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0073 - 47212003000100009","Schwertner, C. F & Grazia, J. (2006) Descricao de seis especies de Chinavia (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae) da America do Sul. Iheringia, Serie Zoologi a, 96 (2), 237 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0073 - 47212006000200015","Genevcius, B. C., Grazia, J. & Schwertner, C. F. (2012) Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa, 3434 (1), 1 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3434.1.1","Campos, L. A., Bianchi, F. M. & Garbelotto, T. A. (2012) On the Genus Chinavia Orian: Additions to the Descriptions of Three Species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Neotropical Entomology, 41, 163 - 167. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 012 - 0027 - y","Furstenau, B. B. R. J., Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2013) Comparative morphology of immature stages of four species of Chinavia (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), with a key to the species of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ZooKeys, 319, 59 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 319.4310","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001"]}

Chinavia nigridorsata (Breddin, 1901) (Figs 41–43) Nezara nigridorsata Breddin, 1901: 123. Acrosternum armigera: Costa & Link, 1974: 398. Acrosternum (Chinavia) bellum Rolston, 1983: 110; Link & Grazia, 1987: 117. Acrosternum bellum: Panizzi et al., 2000 Chinavia nigridorsata: Schwertner & Grazia, 2007: 430; Fürstenau et al. 2013: 74–78 (key); Bianchi et al. 2019; Servino & Schwertner, 2020 (electronic key). Material studied. Cruz Alta: 1♀ 1♂, 19.X.1981, Link & Costa leg., “Colza” (UFRG). Guaíba: 1♀, Estação Experimental Agronômica, XII.1982, G. Moreira leg. (UFRG); 1♀, 01.X.1985, Joá, Del Vecchio leg. (UFRG). Rio Grande: 1♂, Estação Ecológica do Taim, 01.IV.1981, J. Grazia leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body green to light green (Fig. 41), lateral margins of mandibular plates, pronotum, hemelytra and connexivum reddish (Fig. 41). Cicatrices of pronotum and basal angles of scutellum immaculate (Fig. 42). Posterolateral angles of connexivum maculate (Fig. 41). Spiracles black surrounded by a yellow callus. Humeral angles produced into a spine (Figs 41–42). Body length: 11.00–13.00 mm (Schwertner & Grazia 2007; Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Soybean and wheat (Lopes et al. 1974; Link & Grazia 1987), and Canola (Bianchi et al. 2019). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Cruz Alta, Guaíba, Rio Grande, Santa Maria and Passo Fundo (Fig. 43). Comments. This species is similar to C. armigera, being differentiated by having the mandibular plates narrower and margins of body reddish instead of yellowish. New records. Cruz Alta and Guaíba., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on page 446, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Costa, E. C. & Link, D. (1974) Incidencia de percevejos em soja. Revista do Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 397 - 400.","Rolston, L. H. (1983) A revision of the genus Acrosternum Fieber, subgenus Chinavia Orian in the Western Hemisphere (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 91, 97 - 176.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Panizzi, A. R, McPherson, J. E., James, D. G., Javahery, J. & McPherson, R. M. (2000) Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae). In: Schaefer, C. W. & Panizzi, A. R. (Eds.), Heteroptera of Economic Importance. CRC Press, Boca Raton, London, New York and Washington, D. C., pp. 421 - 474.","Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2007) O genero Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae) no Brasil, com chave pictorica para os adultos. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 51 (4), 416 - 435. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262007000400005","Furstenau, B. B. R. J., Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2013) Comparative morphology of immature stages of four species of Chinavia (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), with a key to the species of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ZooKeys, 319, 59 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 319.4310","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Lopes, O. J., Link, D. & Basso, L. V. (1974) Pentatomideos de Santa Maria - lista preliminar de plantas hospedeiras. Revista Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 317 - 322."]}

Key to the species of Pentatominae on grain crops of economic importance in Rio Grande do Sul (including only the species listed in this work) 1 Abdominal sternite 3 with process (Fig. 21)................................................................ 2 - Abdominal sternite 3 without process.................................................................... 12 2 Mandibular plates surpassing the clypeus and acute apically (Fig. 22)........................... Arvelius albopunctatus - Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus and rounded apically (Fig. 102)........................................... 3 3 Living specimens yellowish castaneous to green, pronotum with a reddish-brown trans-humeral band (Figs 100, 102)........................................................................................... Piezodorus guildinii - Living specimens green, pronotum without reddish-brown trans-humeral band (Fig. 92)............................. 4 4 Abdominal spine short, rounded, not reaching coxae (Fig. 93); spiracles with juxtaposed green maculae, without callosity (Fig. 94, black arrow).......................................................................... Nezara viridula - Abdominal spine variable in size, rounded or acute, spiracles with juxtaposed maculae, concolourous or not, and with a callosity............................................................................................. 5 5 Humeral angles produced into a spine (Figs 24, 42).......................................................... 6 - Humeral angles not produced (Figs 30, 48)................................................................. 7 6 Lateral margins of body yellowish, apical portion of head broad (Fig. 25)........................... Chinavia armigera - Lateral margins of body reddish to orange, apical portion of head narrow (Fig. 42)................. Chinavia nigridorsata 7 Abdominal spine surpassing the mesocoxae (Fig. 45)........................................... Chinavia obstinata - Abdominal spine not reaching the mesocoxae............................................................... 8 8 Abdominal spine reaching the anterior margin of metacoxae (Fig. 35)............................... Chinavia herbida - Abdominal spine not reaching the anterior margin of metacocoxae.............................................. 9 9 Cicatrices of pronotum and basal angles of scutellum black (Fig. 30)........................................... 10 - Cicatrices of pronotum and basal angles of scutellum concolorous with remaining dorsal surface, never black........... 11 10 Antennae black (Fig. 30), coxae, trochanters, apices of femora and tibiae red (Fig. 32)............. Chinavia erythrocnemis - Antennae and legs green (Fig. 39)....................................................... Chinavia impicticornis 11 Lateral margin of body broadly red to orange red (Figs 47, 48), posterior margin of connexivum black (Fig. 47).................................................................................................. Chinavia pengue - Lateral margin of body narrowly light red (Figs 27, 28), posterior margin of connexivum concolourous with dorsal surface (Fig. 27)..................................................................................... Chinavia aseada 12 Live specimens green; distal apex of all femora bearing a strong spine (Fig. 79, black arrow)........................ 13 - Live specimens pale yellow to black; distal apex of all femora unarmed......................................... 14 13 Humeral angles strongly developed, directed laterally, reddish (Fig. 80); corium with multiple pale callosities, irregularly distributed (Fig. 78)......................................................................... Loxa deducta - Humeral angles slightly developed, directed anteriorly, black (Fig. 83); each corium with a single pale callosity (Fig. 82)........................................................................................ Mayrinia curvidens 14 Inferior surface of all femora with small tubercles bearing setae (Fig. 18)........................................ 15 - Inferior surface of all femora lacking tubercles............................................................. 19 15 Anterolateral margins of pronotum straight (Fig. 16); corium banded, not punctate and with minute teeth on lateral margin (Fig. 17); femoral tubercles arranged in two rows................................................... Agroecus griseus - Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave (Figs 13, 57); corium without bands or minute teeth on lateral margin, not punctate; femoral tubercles arranged irregularly.................................................................... 16 16 Humeral angles quadrate (Fig. 13); apex of scutellum immaculate............................... Adustonotus irroratus - Humeral angles acute (Figs 57, 61, 63); apex of scutellum maculate............................................ 17 17 Anterolateral margins of pronotum serrate (Fig. 57); legs without black spots; membrane of hemelytra with linear veins (Fig. 56).......................................................................... Euschistus (Euschistus) heros - Anterolateral margins of pronotum with spaced denticles (Figs 61, 63); legs with black spots (Fig. 59); membrane of hemelytra with reticulated veins (Fig. 60).......................................................................... 18 18 Dorsal surface of body wrinkled; humeral angles rounded apically and directed anterolaterally (Fig. 61); conspicuous macule on apex of scutellum (Fig. 59)................................................... Euschistus (Lycipta) picticornis - Dorsal surface of body not wrinkled; humeral angles acute apically and directed laterally (Fig. 63); inconspicuous macule on apex of scutellum (Fig. 63)..................................................... Euschistus (Lycipta) triangulator 19 Basal angles of scutellum not foveate (Fig. 7).............................................................. 20 - Basal angles of scutellum foveate....................................................................... 21 20 Anterolateral margins of pronotum convex (Figs 6, 8); basal angles of scutellum not black (Fig. 7); mandibular plates subequal to clypeus and divergent apically (Fig. 8)................................................... Acledra bonariensis - Anterolateral margins of pronotum straight to slightly concave (Figs 10, 11); basal angles of scutellum black (Figs 10, 11); mandibular plates longer than clypeus and convergent apically (Fig. 11).............................. Acledra fraterna 21 First labiomere surpassing the bucculae (Fig. 86, black arrow)................................................. 22 - First labiomere between the bucculae (Fig. 76, black arrow).................................................. 23 22 Body color castaneous; humeral angles black, slightly produced and obtuse apically (Fig. 85); scutellum with a small pale yellow callosity on each angle, the callosities on basal angles not extending to lateral margins (Fig. 85). Mormidea notulifera - Body color black; humeral angles variable, from a small round projection (Fig. 90) to an acute spine apically (Fig. 89); scutellum with a pale yellow callosity on each angle, the ones on basal angles extending through half of lateral margins (Fig. 88).......................................................................................... Mormidea v-luteum 23 Anterolateral margins of pronotum straight (Fig. 75)........................................... Hypatropis inermis - Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave (Fig. 51)........................................................ 24 24 Apex of mandibular plates acute (Figs 51, 53).............................................................. 25 - Apex of mandibular plates rounded (Figs 96, 98)........................................................... 26 25 Humeral angles concolorous with pronotum (Figs 50, 51); scutellum without pale line on apical margin (Fig. 50)............................................................................................... Diceraeus furcatus - Humeral angles black (Fig. 53); scutellum with pale line along apical margin (Fig. 53)............ Diceraeus melacanthus 26 Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus (Figs 98, 105); antennomere 2 longer than antennomere 1 (Fig. 104)............ 27 - Mandibular plates smaller than clypeus (Figs 66, 73); antennomere 2 shorter than antennomere 1 (Fig. 110)............ 30 27 Body slender; scutellum with large pale callosities (Figs 96, 98)............................................... 28 - Body oval; scutellum without callosities.................................................................. 29 28 Apex of radial vein of corium with a large pale yellow callosity; body ferruginous to dark castaneous, with one pair of yellow callosities on pronotum (Fig. 96)............................................................ Oebalus poecilus - Apex of radial vein of corium without callosity; body castaneous, with one pair of small yellow spots, not callosities, on pronotum (Fig. 98).................................................................. Oebalus ypsilongriseus 29 Humeral angles slightly produced, rounded apically, directed laterally (Figs 104, 105); scutellum with dark apex (Fig. 104); connexivum concolor to dorsal surface........................................................ Thyanta humilis - Humeral angles produced, acute apically, directed anterolaterally (Fig. 107); scutellum apex concolor to dorsal surface; connexivum with orange maculae (Fig. 107).................................................... Thyanta perditor 30 Outline of anterolateral margins of pronotum not punctate (Figs 110, 113); antennomere 4 cylindrical (Fig. 2); sub lateral margin of abdomen not concolorous with abdominal venter (Figs 111, 115)...................................... 31 - Outline of anterolateral margins of pronotum uniformly punctate (Figs 66, 73); antennomere 4 conical (Fig. 66); sub lateral margin of abdomen concolorous with abdominal venter (Fig. 67).............................................. 32 31 Small specimens (not surpassing 12.00 mm); legs red to dark red; connexivum margin light castaneous with small black spot at apex (Fig.111)............................................................................ Tibraca exigua - Large specimens (surpassing 12.00 mm); legs castaneous, concolor with the venter; connexivum with dark castaneous macule on anterior angles (Fig. 115)............................................................ Tibraca limbativentris 32 Dorsal surface setose (Fig. 72); anterior angles of pronotum acute (Fig. 73, black arrow)............. Glyphepomis setigera - Dorsal surface glabrous; anterior angles of pronotum rounded (Fig. 66)......................................... 33 33 Abdominal sternites with densely distributed punctures medially, and sparse on sub lateral margin (Fig. 67)............................................................................................. Glyphepomis adroguensis - Abdominal sternites with uniformly distributed punctures (Fig. 70)............................ Glyphepomis pelotensis, Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 433-435, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176

Chinavia pengue (Rolston, 1983) (Figs 47–49) Acrosternum (Chinavia) pengue Rolston, 1983: 170. Chinavia pengue: Schwertner & Grazia, 2007: 431; Fürstenau et al. 2013: 75, 77–78 (key). Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019; Servino & Schwertner, 2020 (electronic key). Material studied. Catuípe: 1♂, 01.XI.1979, E. Bernardi leg., J. Grazia det. 19?? (UFRG). Cruz Alta: 04.IX.1981, Link & Costa leg., J. Grazia det. 19?? (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♀, 01.IX.1974, C. R. Bestelli leg., J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG); 1♀, 15.VII.1984, R. Dalmolin leg., J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body light to dark green. Margins of mandibular plates, pronotum, basal third of hemelytra and posterior margin of connexivum red to orange red (Figs 47–48). Basal angles of scutellum immaculate (Fig. 47, black arrow). Spiracles green. Body length: 11.00–13.00 mm (Schwertner & Grazia 2007; Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019) and soybean (Link & Grazia 1987; Matesco et al. 2007). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Catuípe, Cruz Alta, Passo Fundo, Santa Maria and São Francisco de Paula (Fig. 49). New records. Catuípe and Cruz Alta., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on page 448, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Rolston, L. H. (1983) A revision of the genus Acrosternum Fieber, subgenus Chinavia Orian in the Western Hemisphere (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 91, 97 - 176.","Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2007) O genero Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae) no Brasil, com chave pictorica para os adultos. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 51 (4), 416 - 435. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262007000400005","Furstenau, B. B. R. J., Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2013) Comparative morphology of immature stages of four species of Chinavia (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), with a key to the species of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ZooKeys, 319, 59 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 319.4310","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Matesco, V. C., Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2007) Descricao dos estagios imaturos e biologia de Chinavia pengue (Rolston) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 51 (1), 93 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262007000100016"]}

Mayrinia curvidens (Mayr, 1864) (Figs 82–84) Loxa curvidens Mayr, 1864: 909. Mayrinia curvidens: Pirán, 1956: 30; Grazia-Vieira, 1972: 119–121. Material studied. Derrubadas: 1♀, Parque Estadual do Turvo, Trilha Salto Yucumá, 19.IV.2004, J. L. C. Bernardes leg. (UFRG); 1♂, Parque Estadual do Turvo, 17.IV.2004, J. L. C. Bernardes leg. (UFRG). Maquiné: 1♂, Forqueta, varredura, 16.IX.2006, A. Ferrari leg., J. Grazia det. 2006, LES–936 (UFRG); 2♀, Sítio da Amizade, inspeção visual, 27.V.2006, A. Ferrari & L. M. Weiler leg., J. Grazia det. 2006, LES–930, 932 (UFRG). São Francisco de Paula: 1♀, Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, Trilha 1, Varredura, 09.VI.2006, A. Frey da Silva leg., J. Grazia det. 2006 (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces green (Fig. 82), antennae reddish. Mandibular plates longer than clypeus. Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave and with spaced denticles. Humeral angles slightly developed, acute apically and anteriorly directed, black (Fig. 83). Each corium with one pale calosity. Connexivum concealed and immaculate. Body length: 11.00–14.00 mm (Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Rice (Lopes et al. 1974; Link & Grazia 1987) and soybean (Costa & Link 1974; Lopes et al. 1974; Link & Grazia 1987). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Derrubadas, Maquiné, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, Santa Maria, São Francisco de Paula, São Leopoldo and São Sepé (Fig. 84). New records. Derrubadas, Maquiné and São Francisco de Paula., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on page 459, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Mayr, G. (1864) Diagnosen neuer Hemipteren. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 14, 903 - 914.","Piran, A. A. (1956) Hemipteros raros o poco conocidos y no mencionados para las faunas de Brasil, Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay y Bolivia. Revista de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Entomologia, 1 (1), 29 - 35.","Grazia-Vieira, J. (1972) O genero Mayrinia Horvath, 1925 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Revista Peruana de Entomologia, 15, 117 - 124.","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Lopes, O. J., Link, D. & Basso, L. V. (1974) Pentatomideos de Santa Maria - lista preliminar de plantas hospedeiras. Revista Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 317 - 322.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Costa, E. C. & Link, D. (1974) Incidencia de percevejos em soja. Revista do Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 397 - 400."]}

Tibraca limbativentris Stål, 1860 (Figs 2–3; 113–116) Tibraca limbativentris Stål, 1860: 18; Stål, 1867: 26; Stål, 1872b: 30; Lethierry & Severin, 1893: 132; Kirkaldy, 1909: 72; Bosq, 1937: 127; Barber, 1941: 111; Costa Lima, 1947: 312; Pirán, 1956: 32; Ruffinelli & Pirán, 1959: 21; Benvegnú, 1968: 88; Becker & Grazia, 1971: 20; Fernandes & Grazia, 1998: 1052–1054. Mormidea basalis Walker, 1868: 553. Mormidea walkeri Lethierry & Severin, 1893: 124; Kirkaldy, 1909: 72. Tibraca basalis; Distant, 1899: 438. Ogmocoris reinigeri Costa Lima, 1935: 16; Silva, 1945: 596; Costa Lima, 1947: 311. Material studied. Cachoeirinha: 10♂, 8♀, IRGA [Instituto Rio Grandense do Arroz], 05.IV.2000, J. Oliveira leg. (UFRG). Eldorado do Sul: 2♂, 2♀, 17.IX.1992, J. A. M. Fernandes leg. (UFRG). Porto Alegre: 1♀, 21.VII.1993, J. Grazia leg. (UFRG); 1♂, 27.VIII.1974, Dalmolin leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces castaneous. Head longer than wide. Mandibular plates shorter than clypeus, rounded apically (Fig. 113). Clypeus robust and raised above the mandibular plates. Antennomere 2 smaller than the first. Outline of anterolateral margins of pronotum impunctate and pale yellow, straight (Fig. 113). Internal angles of cicatrices of pronotum with one pale yellow callosity each. Humeral angles slightly developed, acute apically, directed laterally. Apex of radial vein of corium with pale yellow callosity (Fig. 114). Connexivum with dark castaneous macule on anterior angles (Figs 2, 113). Sub-lateral margin of sternites yellow with sparsely distributed punctures. (Fig. 115). Body length: 13.00–16.00 mm (Fernandes & Grazia 1998; Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Rice (Botta et al. 2014; Hickel et al. 2016; Alves et al. 2016; Fuentes-Rodriguez et al. 2019), soybean (Costa & Link 1974; Link & Grazia 1987) and wheat (Link & Grazia 1987). May use as alternate hosts a variety of grasses (Andropogon lateralis, Eryngium eburneum, Paspalum urvillei, Schizachyrium microstachyum, Tridens brasiliensi s) and, sometimes, maize. Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Cachoeirinha, Capão do Leão, Eldorado do Sul, Guaíba, Itaqui, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, Santa Maria and São Sepé (Fig. 116). Comments. This species is the most important pest in rice crops in Brazil., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 469-470, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Stal, C. (1860) Bidrag till Rio Janeiro - Traktens Hemipter-fauna. Part I. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps - Akademiens Handlingar, 2 (7), 1 - 84.","Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till hemipterernas systematik. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps- Akademiens Forhandlingar, 24 (7), 491 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897","Stal, C. (1872 b) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. II. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 10 (4), 1 - 159.","Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. (1893) Catalogue general des Hemipteres. Vol. 1. F. Hayez, Bruxelles and Berlin, x + 286 pp.","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Bosq, J. M. (1937) Lista preliminar de los hemipteros (heteropteros), especialmente relacionados con la agricultura nacional. Revista de la Sociedade Entomologica Argentina, 9, 111 - 134.","Barber, H. G. (1941) A new species of Tibraca, injurious to rice in Ecuador (Hemiptera-Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 43 (5), 110 - 111.","Costa Lima, A. M. (1947) Notas sobre alguns pentatomideos. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 19 (4), 311 - 313.","Piran, A. A. (1956) Hemipteros raros o poco conocidos y no mencionados para las faunas de Brasil, Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay y Bolivia. Revista de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Entomologia, 1 (1), 29 - 35.","Ruffinelli, A. & Piran, A. A. (1959) Hemipteros heteropteros del Uruguay. Boletin Facultad de Agronomia, Montevideo, 51, 3 - 60.","Benvegnu, G. H. (1968) \" Paramecocephala \" um novo genero de Pentatomini do Brasil (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 28 (1), 87 - 96.","Becker, M. & Grazia, J. (1971) Contribuicao ao conhecimento da superfamilia Pentatomoidea na Venezuela (Heteroptera). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 40, 3 - 26.","Fernandes, J. A. M. & Grazia, J. (1998) Revision of the genus Tibraca Stal (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 15 (4), 1049 - 1060. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81751998000400022","Walker, F. (1868) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera-Heteroptera in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London, 1655 pp. [Part 3: pp. 419 - 599] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 118688","Distant, W. L. (1899) Rhynchotal notes III. Heteroptera: Discocephalinae and Pentatominae (part). Annals & Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 4 (24), 421 - 445. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939908678226","Costa Lima, A. M. (1935) Um novo \" frade \" praga de arroz no Rio Grande do Sul (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea). Campo, 6 (10), 16.","Silva, A. (1945) Sobre a identidade de Tibraca limbativentris Stal, 1860 e Ogmocoris reinigeri Costa Lima, 1935. Chacaras e Quintais, 72, 596.","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Botta, R. A., Silva, F. F., Pazini, J. B. & Rubernich, R. (2014) Estrategia de manejo de Tibraca limbativentris Stal (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) na entressafra da cultura do arroz irrigado. Revista de agricultura, 89 (3), 224 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.37856 / bja. v 89 i 3.97","Hickel, E. R., Prando, H. F. & Eberhardt, D. S. (2016) Percevejos nas lavouras catarinenses de arroz irrigado: Ocorrencia, monitoramento e manejo integrado. Epagri, Florianopolis, 54 pp.","Alves, T. M., Maia, A. H. N. & Barrigossi, J. A. F. (2016) Spatial distribution and coexisting patterns of adults and nymphs of Tibraca limbativentris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in paddy rice fields. Environmental Entomology, 45 (6), 1505 - 1514. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / ee / nvw 141","Fuentes-Rodriguez, D., Franceschini, C., Gervazoni, P., Lopez, G., Sosa, A. & Kruger, R. (2019) Importance of native vegetation for detection and management of rice stink bug (Tibraca limbativentris). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 110 (3), 352 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485319000701","Costa, E. C. & Link, D. (1974) Incidencia de percevejos em soja. Revista do Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 397 - 400.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129."]}

Acledra fraterna (Stål, 1859) (Figs 10–12) Pentatoma fraterna Stål, 1859: 225–226. Acledra reflexa Signoret, 1863: 547–548, pl. 12, fig. 13 (syn. by Stål, 1867). Acledra fraterna: Stål, 1867: 528. Material studied. Júlio de Castilhos: 1♀, 29.X.1981, Link & Costa leg., “Colza”, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♂, 2♀, XI.1981, D. Link leg., “Colza”, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). Três Passos: 1♀, 5.XI.1986, I. H. Kuhn (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body yellow with greenish tones. Mandibular plates longer than clypeus (Fig. 11, black arrow). Humeral angles rounded (Fig. 11). Internal angle of cicatrices of pronotum with dark spots. Basal angles of scutellum with black maculae (Figs 10, 11). Apex of radial vein of corium with a dark spot. Body length: 8.90 mm (Faúndez & Verdejo 2010; Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Soybean (Link & Grazia 1987). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Júlio de Castilhos, Santa Maria and Três Passos (Fig. 12). New records. Júlio de Castilhos and Três Passos., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 436-437, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Stal, C. (1859) Hemiptera, species novas descripsit. Konglika Svenska Fregattens Eugenies Resa Omkring Jorden. IV. Zoologi, Insekter, 219 - 298.","Signoret, V. (1863) Revision des Hemipteres du Chile. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Serie 4, 3, 541 - 588.","Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till hemipterernas systematik. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps- Akademiens Forhandlingar, 24 (7), 491 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897","Faundez, E. I. & Verdejo, L. M. (2010) La singular morfologia de Acledra haematopa (Spinola, 1852) dentro del genero Acledra Signoret, 1864 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): Un caso de mimetismo batesiano, com descripcion de un nuevo subgenero. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 46, 77 - 82.","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129."]}

Glyphepomis adroguensis Berg, 1891 (Figs 65–68) Glyphepomis adroguensis Berg, 1891: 280–282; Lethierry & Severin, 1893: 129; Kirkaldy, 1909: 68; Pennington, 1920: 8; Kormilev & Pirán, 1952: 301–306; Pirán, 1956: 32; Ruffinelli & Pirán, 1959: 18; Pirán, 1970: 127; Campos & Grazia, 1998: 208–209; Bianchi et al., 2016: 444 (key), 446 (map). Material studied. Cachoeirinha: 1♂, 1♀, 27.I.1981, M. H. Galileo leg. (UFRG); 2♀, 27.I.1981, H. A. Gastal leg., col. MCN 46112, MCN 46113 (MCNZ); 2♂, II–IV.2004, E. Costa leg. (MCNZ). Capão do Leão: 1♀, X.1990, Romano, C. M., MECB p207, UFPEL, Museu Entomológico, Família Pentatomidae, Glyphepomis sp. Silva, E. J. E det. (MECB). Gravataí: 1♂, 17.III.1983, V. L. Pitoni leg., col. MCN 46624 (MCNZ). Guaíba: 1♀, 10–11.III.1980, H. A. Gastal leg., col. MCN–16960 (MCNZ); 1♂, Est. Exp [Estação Experimental Agronômica] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 21.IX.1982, G. Moreira leg. “em Colza”, (UFRG). Pelotas: 1♀, XI.1999, Kicköfel, A. leg. (MECB); 1♀, XI.1999, Rodriguez, F. leg. UFPEL (MECB). Porto Alegre: 1♂, 1♀, 31.II.1982, Soffel leg., nº 6797, nº 6300 (UFRG); 13.VII.1986, J. Grazia leg. (UFRG). Rio Grande: 1♀, ESEC Taim [Estação Ecológica do Taim], BR 47, Km 96, 04–05.XII.2010, B. B. R. J. Fürstenau & R. J. Fürstenau leg. (MCZN). Santa Maria: 2♀, 08.III.1986, D. Link leg., “Arroz”, (DZUP); 2♀, 04.II.1986, D. Link leg., “arroz” (DZUP); 1♀, 22.IV.1984 D. Link leg., “arroz”, (DZUP). Santo Antônio da Patrulha: 1♂, 24.VII.1985, Becker leg., “touceiras”, (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces castaneous, glabrous. Head longer than wide. Mandibular plates shorter than clypeus, rounded apically. Clypeus robust and raised above mandibular plates (Fig. 66). Antennomere 4 conical and slightly grooved dorsally (Fig. 66, arrow). Surface of pronotum convex, anterolateral margins of pronotum concave and reflexed (Fig. 66). Humeral angles slightly produced into small tubercles, directed laterally. Basal angles of scutellum with one pale callosity each. Apex of radial vein of corium with inconspicuous callosity (Fig. 65). Mesosternum and abdominal disc black (Fig. 67). Body length: 6.00–7.00 mm. Recorded host plants. Rice (Campos & Grazia 1998; Farias et al. 2012). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Cachoeirinha, Capão do Leão, Charqueadas, Eldorado do Sul, Gramado, Gravataí, Guaíba, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande, Santa Maria, Santo Antônio da Patrulha and Taquara (Fig. 68)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 454-455, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Berg, C. (1891) Nova Hemiptera Faunarum Argentinae et Uruguayensis. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 32, 239 - 287.","Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. (1893) Catalogue general des Hemipteres. Vol. 1. F. Hayez, Bruxelles and Berlin, x + 286 pp.","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Pennington, M. S. (1920) Lista de los Hemipteros Heteropteros de la Republica Argentina. Buenos Aires, Quilmes, 47 pp.","Kormilev, N. A. & Piran, A. A. (1952) Una Especie Nueva del Genero Glyphepomis Berg (1891) de la Argentina (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 15, 301 - 306.","Piran, A. A. (1956) Hemipteros raros o poco conocidos y no mencionados para las faunas de Brasil, Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay y Bolivia. Revista de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Entomologia, 1 (1), 29 - 35.","Ruffinelli, A. & Piran, A. A. (1959) Hemipteros heteropteros del Uruguay. Boletin Facultad de Agronomia, Montevideo, 51, 3 - 60.","Piran, A. A. (1970) Hemiptera Neotropica, XIII. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 26 (8), 127.","Campos, L. A. & Grazia, J. (1998) Revisao de Glyphepomis Berg, 1891 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 41 (2 - 4), 203 - 212.","Bianchi, F. M., Goncalves, V. R., Souza, J. R. & Campos, L. A. (2016) Description of three new species of Glyphepomis Berg (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae). Zootaxa, 4103 (5), 443 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4103.5.2","Farias, P. M., Klein, J. T., Sant'Ana, J., Redaelli, L. R. & Grazia, J. (2012) First records of Glyphepomis adroguensis (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) and its parasitoid, Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), on irrigated rice fields in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 56 (3), 383 - 384. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262012005000044"]}

Chinavia aseada (Rolston, 1983) (Figs 27–29) Acrosternum (Chinavia) aseadum Rolston, 1983: 132; Link & Grazia, 1987: 117. Chinavia aseada: Schwertner & Grazia, 2007: 431; Bunde et al. 2010; Fürstenau et al. 2013: 61 (table), 65 –68, figs 7–12, 75, 77–78 (key); Matesco et al. 2014: 368, figs 7, 52–55; Servino & Schwertner, 2020 (electronic key). Material studied. Cruz Alta: 3♀, 14.X.1981, Link & Costa leg., Linho (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♂, 03.VI.1982, J. A. [unreadable] leg., J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG); 1♂, X.1984, Tremoço branco, D. Link leg. (UFRG); 1♂, XII.1981, D. Link leg., “Feijoeiro” (UFRG); 1♀, X.1984, “ Girassol ”, D. Link leg., J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). São Sepé: 1♀, 13.XII.1981, E. C. Costa leg., “Feijoeiro” (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body light green. Lateral margin of body light red to orange (Fig. 27). Cicatrices of pronotum and basal angles of scutellum immaculate (Fig. 27). Connexivum and abdominal sternites immaculate (Fig. 28). Humeral angles not produced. Abdominal spine not produced, not reaching metacoxae; spiracles black and surrounded by a yellow callus (Fig. 28) (Schwertner & Grazia 2007; Servino & Schwertner 2020). Body length: 12.00–14.00 mm (Schwertner & Grazia 2007). Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019) and soybean (Link & Grazia 1987). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Barra do Quaraí, Cruz Alta, Esmeralda, Santa Maria, São Sepé, Passo Fundo and Pelotas (Fig. 29)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on page 442, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Rolston, L. H. (1983) A revision of the genus Acrosternum Fieber, subgenus Chinavia Orian in the Western Hemisphere (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 91, 97 - 176.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2007) O genero Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae) no Brasil, com chave pictorica para os adultos. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 51 (4), 416 - 435. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262007000400005","Bunde, P. R. S., Grazia, J., Mendonca Junior, M. S., Schwertner, C. F., Silva, E. J. E. & Garcia, E. N. (2010) Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of the Pampa biome: Serra do Sudeste and Parque de Espinilho da Barra do Quarai, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 10 (3), 83 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032010000300008","Furstenau, B. B. R. J., Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2013) Comparative morphology of immature stages of four species of Chinavia (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), with a key to the species of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ZooKeys, 319, 59 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 319.4310","Matesco, V. C., Bianchi, F. M., Furstenau, B. B. R., Poock da Silva, P., Campos, L. A. & Grazia, J. (2014) External egg structure of the Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) and the search for characters with phylogentic importance. Zootaxa, 3768 (3), 351 - 385. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3768.3.5","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3"]}

Diceraeus furcatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Figs 50–52) Cimex furcatus Fabricius, 1775: 705. Dichelops furcatus: Berg, 1878: 308; Costa & Link, 1974: 398–399. Dichelops (Neodichelops) furcatus: Grazia, 1978: 68. Dichelops (Diceraeus) furcatus: Grazia & Schwertner, 2008: 234; Bianchi et al. 2019. Diceraeus furcatus: Barão et al. 2020: 10 (stat. rev. by Barão et al. 2020) Material studied. Bagé: 3♀, Arroio S [an]ta Maria Chicó, 30.XI.2006, Schwertner & Cohen leg. (UFRG). Derrubadas: 2♂, 1♀, Parque Estadual do Turvo, 26–30.IX.1983, S. L. Bonatto leg. (UFRG). Guaíba: 1♀, 01.X.1998, Del Vecchio, M.C. leg., “em Joá” (UFRG). Passo Fundo: 02.III.1974, A. R. Panizzi leg. (UFRG). Porto Alegre: 1♀, Ponta Grossa, 06.III.1974, A. R. Panizzi leg. (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♂, 06.III.1990, D. Link leg., “Picão Preto” (UFRG). São Sepé: 2♀, 13.XII.1891, E. C. Costa leg., “Feijoeiro”, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body light castaneous, ventral surface usually lighter. Mandibular plates longer than clypeus and acute apically (Figs 50–51). Humeral angles variable in development, from weakly produced to forming a spine (Fig. 51). Outline of anterolateral margins of pronotum with dark punctures. Body length: 10.00–12.00 mm (Grazia 1978; Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants: Barley; canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019), maize (Roza-Gomes et al. 2011), oat (Pereira & Salvadori 2020), rye (Pereira & Salvadori 2020), soybean (Costa & Link 1974; Lopes et al. 1974; Grazia 1978; Link & Grazia 1987; Panizzi et al. 2015) and wheat (Panizzi et al. 2015). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Bagé, Bom Jesus, Butiá, Carazinho, Caxias do Sul, Derrubadas, Farroupilha, Flores da Cunha, Gramado, Guaíba, Imbé, Lajeado, Marau, Marcelino Ramos, Nova Prata, Osório, Passo Fundo, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, Quaraí, Rio Pardo, Santa Maria, Santo Augusto, São Sepé, Torres, Vacaria and Viamão (Fig. 52). New records. Bagé and Derrubadas. Comments. Both adults and nymphs cause damage to the base of the plants, through the leaf sheath, reaching the inner leaves., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 449-450, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Korte, Flensburg et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510","Berg, C. (1878) Hemiptera Argentina enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 6, 23 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36493","Costa, E. C. & Link, D. (1974) Incidencia de percevejos em soja. Revista do Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 397 - 400.","Grazia, J. (1978) Revisao do genero Dichelops Spinola, 1837 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 53, 3 - 119.","Grazia, J. & Schwertner, C. F. (2008) Pentatomidae. In: Roig-Junent, S., Claps, L. & Debandi, G. (Eds.), Biodiversidad de Artropodos Argentinos. Vol. 2. Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, Mendoza, pp. 223 - 234.","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3","Barao, K. R., Ferrari, A. & Grazia, J. (2020) Phylogenetic analysis of the Euschistus group (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) suggests polyphyly of Dichelops Spinola, 1837 with the erection of Diceraeus Dallas, 1851, stat. rev. Austral Entomology, 1 - 14. [early view] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / aen. 12489","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Roza-Gomes, M. F., Salvadori, J. R., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2011) Injurias de quatro especies de percevejos pentatomideos em plantulas de milho. Ciencia Rural, 41 (7), 1115 - 1119. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0103 - 84782011005000081","Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Salvadori, J. R. (2020) Arvore do conhecimento - Centeio, Insetos. AGEITEC - Agencia Embrapa de Informacao Tecnologica. Available from: http: // www. agencia. cnptia. embrapa. br / gestor / centeio / arvore / CONT 000 fz 2 zy 82 a 02 wx 5 ok 0 ejlyhd 0 qlyuvr. html (accessed 29 March 2020)","Lopes, O. J., Link, D. & Basso, L. V. (1974) Pentatomideos de Santa Maria - lista preliminar de plantas hospedeiras. Revista Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 317 - 322.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Panizzi, A. R., Agostinetto, A., Lucini, T., Smaniotto, L. F. & Pereira, P. R. V. S. (2015) Manejo Integrado dos Percevejos Barriga- Verde, Dichelops spp. em Trigo. Embrapa Trigo, Passo Fundo, 36 pp."]}

Acledra bonariensis (Stål, 1859) (Figs 6–9) Pentatoma bonariensis Stål, 1859: 227. Acledra bonariensis: Stål, 1867: 528. Melpia integra Berg, 1878: 310–311 (syn. by Berg, 1891). Hypatropis integra: Kirkaldy, 1909: 91. Material studied. Albatroz: 1♂, 06.XII.1973, R. Wagner, H. Hanisch, A. Ruszczyk leg. (UFRG). Canguçu: 1♀, Coxilha do fogo, varredura, borda mata, 22.I.2004, Bunde, Schwertner, Ely e Silva leg., LES–569 (UFRG); 1♀, Rincão da Ronda (Campo), 16.X.2003, varredura no campo, P. Bunde & J. Cabeleira leg. (UFRG). Maquiné: 1♂, Garapiá, varredura, 21.XII.06, R. C. Bins-Neto & L. M. Weiler leg. (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♂, 05.X.1986, A. Scorsatto leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body yellowish, dorsal surface immaculate. Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus. Anterolateral margins of pronotum convex; humeral angles rounded (Fig. 8). Basal angles of scutellum immaculate (Fig. 7, black arrow). Mesosternum dark. Legs with dark spots. Body length: 8.00 mm. Recorded host plants. Soybean (Link & Grazia 1987; Bunde et al. 2010). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Albatroz, Canguçu, Maquiné and Santa Maria (Fig. 9). New records. Albatroz, Canguçu and Maquiné., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 435-436, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Stal, C. (1859) Hemiptera, species novas descripsit. Konglika Svenska Fregattens Eugenies Resa Omkring Jorden. IV. Zoologi, Insekter, 219 - 298.","Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till hemipterernas systematik. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps- Akademiens Forhandlingar, 24 (7), 491 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897","Berg, C. (1878) Hemiptera Argentina enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 6, 23 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36493","Berg, C. (1891) Nova Hemiptera Faunarum Argentinae et Uruguayensis. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 32, 239 - 287.","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Bunde, P. R. S., Grazia, J., Mendonca Junior, M. S., Schwertner, C. F., Silva, E. J. E. & Garcia, E. N. (2010) Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of the Pampa biome: Serra do Sudeste and Parque de Espinilho da Barra do Quarai, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 10 (3), 83 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032010000300008"]}

Euschistus (Lycipta) triangulator (Herrich-Schäffer, 1842) (Figs 63–64) Cimex triangulator Herrich-Schäffer, 1842: 95–96. Euschistus triangulator: Stål, 1860: 19. Lycipta triangulator: Stål, 1862: 58. Euschistus (Lycipta) triangulator: Stål, 1872b: 23; Rolston, 1982: 290–291; Weiler et al. 2011: 59, 60, 64. Material studied. Maquiné: 1♀, 01.IV.2006, V. C. Matesco leg. (UFRG); 1♂, 12.X.2005, M. O. Marchiori leg. (UFRG). São Francisco de Paula: 1♂, 18.III.2007, C. F. Schwertner leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces castaneous to reddish castaneous, antennae reddish. Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus, rounded apically.Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave and with spaced denticles (Fig. 63). Internal angles of cicatrices of pronotum dark. Humeral angles reddish castaneous, strongly developed, acute apically and directed laterally (Fig. 63). Pronotum with callous transumeral band. Pronotum and scutellum with multiple concolorous impunctate callosities. Apex of scutellum with inconspicuous callosity (Fig. 63). Legs pale with dark castaneous spots. Apex of radial vein with pale yellow callosity. Veins of the membranous portion of hemelytra reticulate. Body length: 9.50–10.50 mm (Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Maquiné, Passo Fundo and São Francisco de Paula (Fig. 64)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 453-454, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Stal, C. (1860) Bidrag till Rio Janeiro - Traktens Hemipter-fauna. Part I. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps - Akademiens Handlingar, 2 (7), 1 - 84.","Stal, C. (1862) Bidrag till Rio Janeiro - Traktens Hemipter-fauna. Part I. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps - Akademiens Handlingar, 3 (6), 1 - 75.","Stal, C. (1872 b) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. II. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 10 (4), 1 - 159.","Rolston, L. H. (1982) A revision of Euschistus Dallas subgenus Lycipta Stal (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 84, 281 - 296.","Weiler, L., Ferrari, A. & Grazia, J. (2011) Contributions to the knowledge of Euschistus (Lycipta) with the description of E. (L.) riograndensis sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Carpocorini). Zootaxa, 3067 (1), 59 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3067.1.5","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3"]}

Oebalus ypsilongriseus (De Geer, 1773) (Figs 98–99) Cimex ypsilon-griseus De Geer, 1773: 333. Oebalus ypsilonoides Berg, 1878: 302. Solubea ypsilonoides: Kirkaldy, 1909: 62. Solubea ypsilionides [sic]: Pennington, 1920: 8. Solubea ypsilongriseus: Sailer, 1944: 116. Solubea grisescens Sailer, 1944: 118. Oebalus ypsilongriseus: Quintanilla et al., 1968: 33. Material studied. Guaíba: 1♂, 24.II.1988, M. C. Del Vecchio & J. A. M, Fernandes leg., “Sobre gramíneas vizinhas à lavouras de Soja”, J. Grazia det. (UFRG); 1♀, 15.III.1974, E. Heinrichs leg., “Soja” (UFRG); 1♀, 24.VIII.1988, “vizinho à lavoura de Soja”, M. C. Del Vecchio & J. A. M. Fernandes, J. Grazia det. 19?? (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body elongate and slim, dorsal surface castaneous with two small pale yellow spots on pronotum (Fig. 98). Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus and rounded apically. Pronotum sloping, anterolateral margins of pronotum concave. Humeral angles with variable development, from weakly produced to forming an acute spine, directed anterolaterally, black. Scutellum with three yellow callosities, of variable size (Fig. 98). Body length: 8.00–10.00 mm. Recorded host plants. Oat (Campos et al. 2009); rice, soybean (Grazia 1977; Link & Grazia 1987; Del Vecchio & Grazia 1992) and wheat (Link & Grazia 1987; Campos et al. 2009). This species may also use sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Echinochloa spp., Paspalum spp., Brachiaria spp., Digitaria spp. grasses as alternative hosts (Ferreira et al. 2001; Hickel et al. 2016). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Eldorado do Sul, Guaíba, Santa Maria and São Gabriel (Fig. 99). Comments. This species is similar to O. poecilus, being differentiated by having yellow callosities only on scutellum (while O. poecilus also has spots on pronotum and corium). The humeral angles spines, when strongly developed, are also different: they are directed anterolaterally in O. ypsilongriseus, but directed laterally in O. poecilus. Both species have seasonal morphological dimorphism, with active adults being more colorful and with well-developed spines, and overwintering adults mostly castaneous with shorter and rounded lateral spines (Albuquerque 1993) (see Garbelotto & Campos 2014)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 464-465, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["De Geer, C. (1773) Memoires pour servir a l'histoire des Insectes. Tomo 3. L. L. Grefing, Stockholm, 696 pp.","Berg, C. (1878) Hemiptera Argentina enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 6, 23 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36493","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Pennington, M. S. (1920) Lista de los Hemipteros Heteropteros de la Republica Argentina. Buenos Aires, Quilmes, 47 pp.","Sailer, R. I. (1944) The genus Solubea (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 46, 105 - 127.","Quintanilla, R. H., Margheritis, A. E. & Rizzo, H. F. (1968) Catalogo de hemipteros hallados en la Provincia de Entre Rios. Revista de la Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria de Buenos Aires, 16, 29 - 38.","Campos, L. A., Bertolin, T. B. P. & Martins, F. S. (2009) Diversidade de Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) em tres fragmentos de Mata Atlantica no sul de Santa Catarina. Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 99 (2), 165 - 171. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0073 - 47212009000200008","Grazia, J. (1977) Revisao dos Pentatomineos citados no Quarto Catalogo dos Insetos que Vivem nas Plantas do Brasil (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Dusenia, 10 (3), 161 - 174.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Del Vecchio, M. C. & Grazia, J. (1992) Obtencao de posturas de Oebalus ypsilongriseus (De Geer, 1773) em laboratorio (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 21 (3), 367 - 372.","Ferreira, E., Barrigossi, J. A. F. & Vieira, N. R. A. (2001) Percevejos das Paniculas do Arroz: Fauna Heteroptera Associada ao Arroz. Embrapa Arroz e Feijao, Santo Antonio de Goias, 52 pp.","Hickel, E. R., Prando, H. F. & Eberhardt, D. S. (2016) Percevejos nas lavouras catarinenses de arroz irrigado: Ocorrencia, monitoramento e manejo integrado. Epagri, Florianopolis, 54 pp.","Albuquerque, G. S. (1993) Planting time as a tactic to manage the small rice stink bug, Oebalus poecilus (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Crop Protection, 12 (6), 627 - 630. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0261 - 2194 (93) 90128 - 6","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001"]}

Loxa deducta Walker, 1867 (Figs 78–81) Loxa deducta Walker, 1867: 242. Material studied. Cachoeira do Sul: 1♀, Bairro Santo Antônio, 14.VI.2008, P. Albuquerque leg. (UFRG). Porto Alegre: 1♂, 23.XII.1999, (CMPA), J. Grazia leg. (UFRG); 1♀, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 26.III.1999, J. Grazia leg. (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♂, 21.I.1972, D. Link leg., light trap, ZUEC–1558 (UFRG); 2♀, 19.XII.1971, D. Link leg., light trap, ZUEC–1555, 1556 (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces green (Fig. 78). Outline of lateral margin of mandibular plates, anterolateral margins of pronotum and lateral margin of corium reddish (Fig. 80). Mandibular plates longer than clypeus and rounded apically, with dense red punctures on the mesial and lateral margins.Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave and with spaced denticles (Fig. 80). Humeral angles strongly developed, acute apically and directed laterally. Corium with impunctate pale callosities, irregularly distributed (Fig. 78). Body length: 13.00– 19.50 mm (Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Soybean (Costa & Link 1974; Lopes et al. 1974; Link & Grazia 1987; Grazia & Freyda-Silva 2001). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Cachoeira do Sul, Porto Alegre, Santa Maria and São Sepé (Fig. 81)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on page 458, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Walker, F. (1867) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera-Heteroptera in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London, 1655 pp. [Part 2: pp. 241 - 417]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 118688","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Costa, E. C. & Link, D. (1974) Incidencia de percevejos em soja. Revista do Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 397 - 400.","Lopes, O. J., Link, D. & Basso, L. V. (1974) Pentatomideos de Santa Maria - lista preliminar de plantas hospedeiras. Revista Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 317 - 322.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129."]}

Chinavia erythrocnemis (Berg, 1878) (Figs 30���33) Nezara erythrocnemis Berg, 1878: 27���28. Nezara (Acrosternum) erythrocnemis: Kirkaldy, 1909: 118. Acrosternum erythrocnemis: Pennington, 1920: 9. Acrosternum (Chinavia) erythrocnemis: Rolston, 1983: 161; Frey-da-Silva & Grazia, 2001: 112. Chinavia erythrocnemis: Matesco et al., 2006: 483���488; Schwertner & Grazia, 2007: 426; Genevcius & Schwertner, 2014: 43���44; F��rstenau et al. 2013: 74���78 (key); Bianchi et al. 2019; Servino & Schwertner, 2020 (electronic key). Material studied. Derrubadas: 1♀, Parque Estadual do Turvo, 1982, S. L. B. Bonatto leg. (UFRG). Rio Grande: 1♀, Esta����o Ecol��gica do Taim, 1982, J. Grazia leg. (UFRG); 1♂, Esta����o Ecol��gica do Taim, 1981. J. Grazia leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal surface light green to dark green. Lateral margin of mandibular plates with a largely reddish band (Fig. 31). Anterolateral margins of pronotum yellowish (Figs 30, 31). Cicatrices of pronotum darker (Fig. 31, red arrow). Basal angles of scutellum dark (Fig. 30). Connexivum yellowish, with a black spot at anterior and posterior margins (Fig. 30). Abdominal spine reaching metacoxae. Spiracles pale, abdominal suture and pseudo-suture dark (Fig. 32). Body length: 11.00���14.00 mm (Schwertner & Grazia 2007). Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019) and soybean (Schwertner & Grazia 2007). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Barra do Quara��, Derrubadas, Planalto, Passo Fundo, Pelotas, Rio Grande and Uruguaiana (Fig. 33). Comments. Species easily recognized by the general color pattern of the body., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Ver��nica, Carabajal, Victor, Brand��o, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on page 443, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Berg, C. (1878) Hemiptera Argentina enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 6, 23 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36493","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Pennington, M. S. (1920) Lista de los Hemipteros Heteropteros de la Republica Argentina. Buenos Aires, Quilmes, 47 pp.","Rolston, L. H. (1983) A revision of the genus Acrosternum Fieber, subgenus Chinavia Orian in the Western Hemisphere (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 91, 97 - 176.","Frey-da-Silva, A. & Grazia, J. (2001) Novas especies de Acrosternum subgenero Chinavia (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 90, 107 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0073 - 47212001000100011","Matesco, V. C., Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2006) Descricao dos estagios imaturos de Chinavia erythrocnemis (Berg) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Neotropical Entomology, 35 (4), 483 - 488. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2006000400009","Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2007) O genero Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae) no Brasil, com chave pictorica para os adultos. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 51 (4), 416 - 435. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262007000400005","Genevcius, B. C. & Schwertner, C. F. (2014) Review and phylogeny of geniculata group, genus Chinavia (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), with notes on biogeography and morphological evolution. Zootaxa, 3447 (1), 33 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3847.1.2","Furstenau, B. B. R. J., Schwertner, C. F. & Grazia, J. (2013) Comparative morphology of immature stages of four species of Chinavia (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), with a key to the species of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ZooKeys, 319, 59 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 319.4310","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3"]}

Thyanta (Argosoma) humilis Bergroth, 1891 (Figs 104–106) Pentatoma patruelis Stål, 1859: 226. Preoccupied. Thyanta patruelis Berg, 1878: 23; Torre-Bueno 1915: 161. Thyanta (Argosoma) humilis Bergroth, 1891: 225. Thyanta (Argosoma) patruelis Rider & Chapin, 1991: 37. Material studied. Maquiné: 1♀, Garapiá-varredura, 21.XII. 2006, R. C. Bins-Neto & L. M. Weiler, LES–926; 1♀, Trilha 5, guarda-chuva, 03.IV.2006, J. L. C. Bernardes leg., LES –925, J. Grazia det. 2006 (UFRG); 1♀, Trilha 4, 02.IV.2006, J. L. C. Bernardes leg., LES–922, J. Grazia det. 2006 (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♀, 26.IV.1987, D. Link leg., “Erva de bicho” (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces green to castaneous. Red macule on dorsal median area of head and apex of scutellum (Fig. 104). Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus and rounded apically (Fig. 105). Pronotum with a red to purple transumeral band (Fig. 104). Anterolateral margins of pronotum straight to slightly concave (Figs 104–105). Humeral angles slightly developed, rounded apically (Fig. 105). Body length: 7.50–9.50 mm (Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Maquiné, Passo Fundo and Santa Maria (Fig. 106). New records. Maquiné and Santa Maria., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 466-467, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Bergroth, E. (1891) Contributions a l'etude des Pentatomides. Revue d'Entomologie, 10, 200 - 235.","Stal, C. (1859) Hemiptera, species novas descripsit. Konglika Svenska Fregattens Eugenies Resa Omkring Jorden. IV. Zoologi, Insekter, 219 - 298.","Berg, C. (1878) Hemiptera Argentina enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 6, 23 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36493","Torre-Bueno, J. R. (1915) Nota sobre hemipteros del Chaco de Santiago del Estero (R. A). Anales del Museo Nacional, Buenos Aires, 26, 157 - 162.","Rider, D. A. & Chapin, J. B. (1991) Revision of the genus Thyanta Stal, 1862 (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) I. South America. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 99, 1 - 77.","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3"]}

Adustonotus irroratus (Bunde, Grazia & Mendon��a, 2006) (Figs 13���15) Euschistus (Mitripus) irroratus Bunde, Grazia & Mendon��a, 2006: 289. Adustonotus irroratus: Bianchi et al. 2017: 408 (new comb. by Bianchi et al. 2017); Bianchi et al. 2019. Material studied. Cangu��u: 1♂, 1♀, Rinc��o da Ronda, 16.X.2003, Euschistus (Mitripus) irroratus Bunde, Grazia & Mendon��a PARATYPE (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces castaneous to dark castaneous, antennae orange. Dorsal surface reticulate. Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus, rounded apically. Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave. Anterior half of pronotum dark. Humeral angles dark, strongly developed, quadrate apically and directed anterolaterally (Fig. 13). Legs castaneous with small dark castaneous spots irregularly distributed (Fig. 14). Veins of the membranous portion of the hemelytra reticulate (Fig. 13). Angles of connexivum with a dark spot. Body length: 9.00��� 9.50 mm. Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Cangu��u, Pelotas and Passo Fundo (Fig. 15)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Ver��nica, Carabajal, Victor, Brand��o, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 437-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Bunde, P. R. S., Grazia, J. & Mendonca Filho, M. (2006) Nova especie de Euschistus (Mitripus) da Argentina e sul do Brasil (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 96 (3), 289 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0073 - 47212006000300003","Bianchi, F. M., Depra, M., Ferrari, A., Grazia. J., Valente, V. L. S. & Campos, L. A. (2017) Total evidence phylogenetic analysis and reclassification of Euschistus Dallas within Carpocorini (Hemiptera; Pentatomidae: Pentatominae). Systematic Entomology, 42, 399 - 409. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12224","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3"]}

Tibraca exigua Fernandes & Grazia, 1998 (Figs 109–112) Tibraca exigua Fernandes & Grazia, 1998: 1057. Material studied. Camaquã: 1♂, 08.V.1991, H. Moreira leg. (UFRG). Pelotas: 1♀, VI.1991, Marcolin leg. (UFRG); 1♂, 10.VI.1990, M. N. Miranda leg. (UFRG); 1♂, 20.II.1991, P. Welzel leg. (UFRG); 1♂, V.1991, R. Zepra leg. (UFRG); 1♀, 28.IV.1991, R. Von Laer leg. (UFRG); 1♂, III.1991, Silveira leg. (UFRG); 1♂, 27.V.1994, J. T. Zanusso leg. (UFRG); VI.1990, 1♂, Costa leg. (UFRG); 27.IV.1993, 1♂, O. Maguelly leg. (MCNZ); 1♂, VI.1990, Marques leg. (UFRG); 1♂, V.1990, Schallens leg. (UFRG); 1♂, IV.1991, Monteiro leg. (UFRG); 1♂, 26.X.1994, I. M. Silva leg. (UFRG); 1♀, 17.III.1991, H. Gastal leg. (UFRG); 1♂, 17.V.1991, D. Chapon leg. (MECB). São Francisco de Paula: 1♀, 17–19.XII.2005, V. C. Matesco leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces dark castaneous (Fig. 109, 111). Head longer than wide. Mandibular plates shorter than clypeus, rounded apically (Fig. 110). Clypeus robust and raised above the mandibular plates. Antennomere 2 smaller than the first (Fig. 110, red arrow). Anterolateral margins of pronotum impunctate or rarely punctate at the lateral portion (Fig. 110). Internal angles of cicatrices of pronotum with pale yellow callosity. Humeral angles slightly developed (Fig. 110).Apex of radial vein of corium with pale yellow callosity. Connexivum castaneous with margin light castaneous and a small black spot at the apex (Fig. 109). Body length: 9.00–12.00 mm (Fernandes & Grazia 1998). Recorded host plants. Rice (Fernandes & Grazia 1998). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Camaquã, Canguçu, Capão do Leão, Pelotas and São Francisco de Paula (Fig. 112). Comments. This species is similar to T. limbativentris, being differentiated by its darker color and smaller body size., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 468-469, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Fernandes, J. A. M. & Grazia, J. (1998) Revision of the genus Tibraca Stal (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 15 (4), 1049 - 1060. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81751998000400022"]}

Euschistus (Lycipta) picticornis Stål, 1872 (Figs 59–62) Euschistus (Lycipta) picticornis Stål, 1872b: 23; Rolston, 1982: 291–293. Euschistus picticornis: Berg, 1879: 280; Berg, 1883: 206; Kirkaldy, 1909: 65; Pennington, 1920: 8; Pirán, 1948: 11. Material studied. Caçapava do sul: 1♀, mata ciliar, campo, 15.VI.2003, varredura, Bunde & Silva leg. (UFRG); Rio Grande: 1♂, 4♀, Estação Ecológica do Taim, BR 47 Km 96, 04–05.XII.2010, B. B. R. J, Fürstenau & R. J. Fürstenau leg. (UFRG). São Francisco de Paula: 1♀, Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, 13.I.2007, C. F., Schwertner leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces dark castaneous, with wrinkled appearance (Fig. 59). Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus, rounded apically (Fig. 61). Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave and with spaced denticles. Humeral angles dark castaneous to reddish castaneous, strongly developed, rounded apically and directed anterolaterally (Fig. 61). Pronotum, scutellum and corium with pale spots, impunctate. Apex of scutellum with a large pale yellow callosity (Fig. 59). Legs with dark castaneous spots. Veins of the membranous portion of hemelytra reticulate (Fig. 60, black arrow). Connexivum dark castaneous to greenish castaneous with dark spot on angles, posterior angle produced (Fig. 59). Body length: 10.00 mm. Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019), rice (Grazia 1977; Link & Grazia 1987) and soybean (Lopes et al. 1974; Link & Grazia 1987). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Caçapava do Sul, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande, Santa Maria, São Francisco de Paula and Sobradinho (Fig. 62). New records. Caçapava do Sul., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 452-453, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Stal, C. (1872 b) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. II. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 10 (4), 1 - 159.","Rolston, L. H. (1982) A revision of Euschistus Dallas subgenus Lycipta Stal (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 84, 281 - 296.","Berg, C. (1879) Hemiptera Argentina enumeravit speciesque novas. ex typographiae P. E. Coni, Bonariae, 316 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36493","Berg, C. (1883) Addenda at emendanda ad Hemiptera Argentina. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 16, 204 - 206.","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Pennington, M. S. (1920) Lista de los Hemipteros Heteropteros de la Republica Argentina. Buenos Aires, Quilmes, 47 pp.","Piran, A. A. (1948) Contribucion al conocimiento de la dispersion geografica de los Hemipteros neotropicales. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 5, 5 - 17.","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3","Grazia, J. (1977) Revisao dos Pentatomineos citados no Quarto Catalogo dos Insetos que Vivem nas Plantas do Brasil (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Dusenia, 10 (3), 161 - 174.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Lopes, O. J., Link, D. & Basso, L. V. (1974) Pentatomideos de Santa Maria - lista preliminar de plantas hospedeiras. Revista Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 317 - 322."]}

Glyphepomis pelotensis Campos & Grazia, 1998 (Figs 69–71) Glyphepomis pelotensis Campos & Grazia, 1998: 210–212; Bianchi et al., 2016: 444 (key), 446 (map). Material studied. Pelotas: 1♂, 25.IX.1975, Trebien leg., Glyphepomis pelotensis Campos & Grazia PARATYPE (UFRG); 1♀, 07.X.1975, Haglioni leg., Glyphepomis pelotensis Campos & Grazia PARATYPE (UFRG); 1♀, 17.II.1950, Biezanko leg., Glyphepomis pelotensis Campos & Grazia PARATYPE, col. MRCN 002788, Série: 20—N.º 067 (MCZN); 1♀, 05.IX.1994, Adriano leg., Glyphepomis pelotensis Campos & Grazia PARATYPE (MZUSP). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces dark castaneous. Head longer than wide. Mandibular plates shorter than clypeus, rounded apically. Clypeus robust and raised above the mandibular plates. Antennomere 4 conical and slightly grooved dorsally. Surface of pronotum convex, anterolateral margins of pronotum concave and reflexed (Fig. 69). Humeral angles slightly projected into small tubercles, directed laterally (Fig. 69). Basal angles of scutellum with one callosity each. Apex of radial vein of corium with inconspicuous callosity. Thoracic and abdominal disc black (Fig. 70). Body length: 7.00– 7.50 mm. Recorded host plants. Rice (Campos & Grazia 1998). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Pelotas and Santa Maria (Fig. 71). Comments. External appearance very similar to G. adroguensis; both can be differentiated with certainty only by analyzing the morphology of external genitalia., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 455-456, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Campos, L. A. & Grazia, J. (1998) Revisao de Glyphepomis Berg, 1891 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 41 (2 - 4), 203 - 212.","Bianchi, F. M., Goncalves, V. R., Souza, J. R. & Campos, L. A. (2016) Description of three new species of Glyphepomis Berg (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae). Zootaxa, 4103 (5), 443 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4103.5.2"]}

Hypatropis inermis (Stål, 1872) (Figs 75–77) Melpia inermis Stål, 1872: 31; Berg, 1879: 50; Lethierry & Severin, 1893: 146. Hypatropis inermis: Kirkaldy, 1909: 91. Oenopiella impicta Jensen-Haarup, 1928: 186; Fernandes & Grazia, 1996: 347–349. Material studied. Cachoeirinha: 2♀, 17.VII.1985, Albuquerque leg. (UFRG). Eldorado do Sul: 1♂, 16.VII.1983, V. Aner leg. (UFRG). Pelotas: 1♂, 10.X.1967 (UFRG); 1♀, 08.V.1978, Elói leg. (UFRG). Triunfo: 1♀, 25.V.1990, L. Moura leg. (MCNZ). Diagnostic features. Body elongate, convex ventrally. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces pale yellow to castaneous (Fig. 75). Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus, rounded apically. Antennomeres 1 and 2 subequal in length. Labium short, ending between mesocoxae (Fig. 76). Anterolateral margins of pronotum straight and crenulated. Humeral angles not developed. Apex of radial vein of corium with inconspicuous callosity (Fig. 75). Body length: 8.00–9.00 mm (Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Rice (Fernandes & Grazia 1996; Krinski et al. 2015). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Cachoeirinha, Eldorado do Sul, Guaíba, Pelotas, Santo Antônio da Patrulha and Triunfo (Fig. 77)., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 457-458, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Berg, C. (1879) Hemiptera Argentina enumeravit speciesque novas. ex typographiae P. E. Coni, Bonariae, 316 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36493","Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. (1893) Catalogue general des Hemipteres. Vol. 1. F. Hayez, Bruxelles and Berlin, x + 286 pp.","Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) 1 - Cimicidae. Felix L. Dames, Berlin, XL + 392 pp.","Jensen-Haarup, A. C. (1928) Hemipterological notes and descriptions V. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 16 (4), 185 - 202.","Fernandes, J. A. M. & Grazia, J. (1996) Revisao do genero Hypatropis Bergroth, 1891 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 40 (3 - 4), 341 - 352.","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Krinski, D., Foerster, L. A. & Grazia, J. (2015) Hypatropis inermis (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae): first record on rice crops. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 59 (1), 12 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. rbe. 2014.11.001"]}

Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood, 1837) (Figs 100–103) Rhaphigaster guildinii Westwood, 1837: 31. Piezodorus guildinii: Uhler, 1894. Material studied. Cruz Alta: 1♂, 14.X.1981, Link & Costa leg., Linho, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG); 1♂, Fecotrigo, M. T. B. da Silva leg. (UFRG). Júlio de Castilhos: 1♀, 14.X.1981, Link & Costa leg., Tremoço, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♂, XI.1981, D. Link leg., Linho, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG); 1♂, Tremoço Amarelo, J. Grazia det. 1986 (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces green to yellow (Fig. 100). Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus and rounded apically. Pronotum with a red stripe at posterior third (Fig. 102). Anterolateral margins of pronotum straight. Humeral angles not developed (Fig. 102). Abdominal spine reaching the mesocoxae (Fig. 101, red arrow), sometimes extended to the head. Body length: 8.00–9.00 mm (Garbelotto & Campos 2014). Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019) and soybean (Costa & Link 1974; Link & Grazia 1987; Panizzi 2008b; Medeiros & Megier 2009). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Cruz Alta, Júlio de Castilhos, Passo Fundo, Santa Maria and São Sepé (Fig. 103). New records. Cruz Alta and Júlio de Castilhos., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 465-466, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Westwood, J. O. (1837) A catalogue of Hemiptera in the collection of the Rev. F. W. Hope, with short latin descriptions of new species. Part 1. J. Bridgewater, London, 46 pp.","Uhler, P. R. (1894) On the Hemiptera-Heteroptera of the Island of Grenada, West Indies. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1894, 167 - 224.","Garbelotto, T. A. & Campos, L. A. (2014) Pentatominae do Sul de Santa Catarina. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 80 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788598203089.0001","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3","Costa, E. C. & Link, D. (1974) Incidencia de percevejos em soja. Revista do Centro de Ciencias Rurais, 4 (4), 397 - 400.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Panizzi, A. R. (2008 b) Small Green Stink Bug, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). In: Capinera J. L. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 2029 - 2030. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4020 - 6359 - 6 _ 4231","Medeiros, L. & Megier, G. A. (2009) Ocorrencia e desempenho de Euschistus heros (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) em Plantas Hospedeiras Alternativas no Rio Grande do Sul. Neotropical Entomology, 38 (4), 459 - 463. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2009000400003"]}

Oebalus poecilus (Dallas, 1851) (Figs 96–97) Mormidea poecila Dallas, 1851: 55. Oebalus rufescens Haglund, 1868. Mormidea (Mormidea) exigua Berg, 1891: 239. Mormidea (Mormidea) poecila: Pennington, 1920: 7. Solubea poecila: Sailer, 1944: 121. Oebalus poecilus: Quintanilla et al., 1976: 125. Material studied. Eldorado do Sul: 1♂, Fazenda Minuano, 16.VIII.1989, Aner, U. leg. (UFRG). Guaíba: 2♂, Km 9, BR 116, 08.XI.1985, M. C. Del Vecchio leg., J. Grazia det. (UFRG). Tapes: 1♂, XI.1963, M. Becker det. 1967 (UFRG). Rio Grande: 2♂, Estação Ecológica do Taim, 17.III.1982, J. Grazia leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body elongate, dorsal surface ferruginous to dark castaneous, with one pair of pale yellow callosities on pronotum, three on scutellum and one at the apex of corium radial vein (Fig. 96). Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus and rounded apically. Pronotum sloping. Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave. Humeral angles with variable development, from weakly produced to forming an acute spine, directed laterally (Fig. 96). Body length: 7.00–10.00 mm. Recorded host plants. Canola (Bianchi et al. 2019), rice, soybean and wheat (Grazia 1977; Link & Grazia 1987; Kishino & Alves 1994; Panizzi 2008a). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Eldorado do Sul, Guaíba, Passo Fundo, Pelotas, Rio Grande, Santa Maria and Tapes (Fig. 97). Comments. This species is known as the small rice stink bug. Comparisons between this species and O. ypsilongriseus are written in the latter’s comments section., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 463-464, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Dallas, W. S. (1851) List of the specimens of Hemipterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. Taylor & Francis, London, 592 pp.","Haglund, C. J. E. (1868) Hemiptera nova. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 29, 150 - 163.","Berg, C. (1891) Nova Hemiptera Faunarum Argentinae et Uruguayensis. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 32, 239 - 287.","Pennington, M. S. (1920) Lista de los Hemipteros Heteropteros de la Republica Argentina. Buenos Aires, Quilmes, 47 pp.","Sailer, R. I. (1944) The genus Solubea (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 46, 105 - 127.","Quintanilla, R. H., Margheritis, A. E., Rizzo, H. F. (1976) Catalogo de hemipteros hallados en la Provincia de Corrientes (Argentina). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 35, 115 - 133.","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3","Grazia, J. (1977) Revisao dos Pentatomineos citados no Quarto Catalogo dos Insetos que Vivem nas Plantas do Brasil (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Dusenia, 10 (3), 161 - 174.","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Kishino, K. & Alves, R. T. (1994) Ecologia de percevejos que atacam o colmo e a panicula do arroz na regiao dos cerrados. In: EMBRAPA Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuaria dos Cerrados (Ed.), Relatorio tecnico do projeto nipo-brasileiro de cooperacao em pesquisa agricola nos cerrados 1987 / 1992. EMBRAPA-CPAC / JICA, Planaltina, pp. 156 - 179.","Panizzi, A. R. (2008 a) Small Rice Stink Bug, Oebalus poecilus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). In: Capinera, J. L. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer, Dordrecht. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4020 - 6359 - 6 _ 4234"]}

Euschistus (Euschistus) heros (Fabricius, 1798) (Figs 56–58) Cimex heros Fabricius, 1798: 532. Euschistus apicalis Dallas, 1851: 203. Euschistus heros: Stål, 1868: 26; Rolston, 1974: 46–49; Bianchi et al. 2019. Material studied. Cruz Alta: 2♂, 2♀, 24.V.2006, M. T. B. da Silva leg. (UFRG). Derrubadas: 1♀, 13.IV.1983, S. L. Bonatto leg. (UFRG); 2♂, 1♀, 26–30.IX.1983, S. L. Bonatto leg. (UFRG). Santa Maria: 1♂, 1♀, X. 1980, D. Link leg. (UFRG). Diagnostic features. Body dorsal and ventral surfaces castaneous. Mandibular plates subequal to clypeus, rounded apically (Fig. 57). Internal angles of cicatrices of pronotum dark castaneous. Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave and serrate (Fig. 57). Humeral angles dark, strongly developed, rounded apically and directed anterolaterally (Fig. 57). Scutellum with pale spots and apex with large pale callosity (Fig. 56). Connexivum dark castaneous with a pale macule, posterior angle produced. Posterior margin of abdominal sternite 7 acute. Body length: 10.00–11.00 mm. Recorded host plants. Canola (Marsaro Jr. et al. 2017; Bianchi et al. 2019), maize (Roza-Gomes et al. 2011) and soybean (Link & Grazia 1987; Medeiros & Megier 2009; Chevarria et al. 2013; Scopel et al. 2016). Also reported feeding in mature seeds of red-root amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus), and mature fruits of S olanum megalochiton, S. mauritianum and Vassobia breviflora (Medeiros & Megier 2009). Distribution in Rio Grande do Sul. Augusto Pestana, Cruz Alta, Derrubadas, Passo Fundo, Santa Maria, Santa Rosa, and Três de Maio (Fig. 58). New records. Cruz Alta and Derrubadas. Comments. This species is known as the brown bug or soybean bug. The damage results from the suction of sap from the branches or stems and from pods, limiting production. They also inject toxins, causing “leaf retention”., Published as part of Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. & Lindner, Mariana F., 2021, Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, pp. 430-478 in Zootaxa 4958 (1) on pages 451-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4692176, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1798) Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. Proft et Storch, Hafniae, (3) + 572 pp.","Dallas, W. S. (1851) List of the specimens of Hemipterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. Taylor & Francis, London, 592 pp.","Stal, C. (1868) Hemiptera Fabriciana I. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps - Akademiens Handlingar, 7, 1 - 148.","Rolston, L. H. (1974) Revision of the genus Euschistus in Middle America (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Entomologica Americana, 48, 1 - 102.","Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3","Roza-Gomes, M. F., Salvadori, J. R., Pereira, P. R. V. S. & Panizzi, A. R. (2011) Injurias de quatro especies de percevejos pentatomideos em plantulas de milho. Ciencia Rural, 41 (7), 1115 - 1119. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0103 - 84782011005000081","Link, D. & Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129.","Medeiros, L. & Megier, G. A. (2009) Ocorrencia e desempenho de Euschistus heros (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) em Plantas Hospedeiras Alternativas no Rio Grande do Sul. Neotropical Entomology, 38 (4), 459 - 463. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2009000400003","Chevarria, V. V., Del Ponte, E. M. & Jahnke, M. S. (2013) Numero de geracao de um percevejo e seu parasitoide e da severidade da ferrugem asiatica em soja, simulados em cenarios de clima e manejo no norte do RS. Ciencia Rural, 43 (4), 571 - 578. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0103 - 84782013000400002","Scopel, W., Salvadori, J. R., Panizzi, A. R. & Pereira, P. R. V. S. (2016) Danos de Euschistus heros (F.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) em soja infestada no estadio de grao cheio. Agropecuaria Catarinense, 29 (3), 81 - 84."]}