42 results on '"Bernard Franc"'
Search Results
2. SLITRK2, an X-linked modifier of the age at onset in C9orf72 frontotemporal lobar degeneration
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Barbier, Mathieu, Camuzat, Agnès, Hachimi, Khalid El, Guegan, Justine, Rinaldi, Daisy, Lattante, Serena, Houot, Marion, Sánchez-Valle, Raquel, Sabatelli, Mario, Antonell, Anna, Molina-Porcel, Laura, Clot, Fabienne, Couratier, Philippe, van der Ende, Emma, van der Zee, Julie, Manzoni, Claudia, Camu, William, Cazeneuve, Cécile, Sellal, François, Didic, Mira, Golfier, Véronique, Pasquier, Florence, Duyckaerts, Charles, Rossi, Giacomina, Bruni, Amalia C, Alvarez, Victoria, Gómez-Tortosa, Estrella, de Mendonça, Alexandre, Graff, Caroline, Masellis, Mario, Nacmias, Benedetta, Oumoussa, Badreddine Mohand, Jornea, Ludmila, Forlani, Sylvie, Van Deerlin, Viviana, Rohrer, Jonathan D, Gelpi, Ellen, Rademakers, Rosa, Van Swieten, John, Le Guern, Eric, Van Broeckhoven, Christine, Ferrari, Raffaele, Génin, Emmanuelle, Brice, Alexis, Ber, Le, Isabelle Alexis Brice, Sophie, Auriacombe, Serge, Belliard, Anne, Bertrand, Anne, Bissery, Fre ́ de, ́ ric Blanc, Marie-Paule, Boncoeur, Ste, ́ phanie Bombois, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnie` re, Agne`, s Camuzat, Mathieu, Ceccaldi, Marie, Chupin, Philippe, Couratier, Olivier, Colliot, Vincent, Deramecourt, Mira, Didic, Bruno, Dubois, Charles, Duyckaerts, Fre ́ de, ́ rique Etcharry-Bouyx, Aure, ́ lie Guignebert-Funkiewiez, Maı ̈te, ́ Formaglio, ́ ronique Golfier, Ve, Marie-Odile, Habert, Didier, Hannequin, Lucette, Lacomblez, Julien, Lagarde, ́ raldine Lautrette, Ge, Isabelle Le Ber, Benjamin Le Toullec, Richard, Levy, Marie-Anne, Mackowiak, Bernard-Franc ̧ois Michel, Florence, Pasquier, Thibaud, Lebouvier, Carole Roue, ́ -Jagot, Christel Thauvin- Robinet, Catherine, Thomas-Anterion, Je ́ re, ́ mie Pariente, Franc ̧ois Salachas, Sabrina, Sayah, Franc ̧ois Sellal, Assi-Herve, ́ Oya, Daisy, Rinaldi, Adeline, Rollin-Sillaire, Martine, Vercelletto, David, Wallon, Armelle, Rametti-Lacroux, Raffaele, Ferrari, Hernandez, Dena G., Nalls, Michael A., Rohrer, Jonathan D., Adaikalavan, Ramasamy, Kwok, John B. J., Carol Dobson- Stone, Brooks, William S., Schofield, Peter R., Halliday, Glenda M., Hodges, John R., Olivier, Piguet, Lauren, Bartley, Elizabeth, Thompson, Isabel Herna, ́ ndez, Agustı ́n Ruiz, Merce`, Boada, Barbara, Borroni, Alessandro, Padovani, Carlos, Cruchaga, Cairns, Nigel J., Luisa, Benussi, Giuliano, Binetti, Roberta, Ghidoni, Gianluigi, Forloni, Diego, Albani, Daniela, Galimberti, Chiara, Fenoglio, Maria, Serpente, Elio, Scarpini, ́ n, Jordi Clarimo, Alberto Lleo, ́, Rafael, Blesa, Maria Landqvist Waldo, ̈, Karin, Nilsson, Christer, Nilsson, Mackenzie, Ian R. A., Hsiung, Ging-Yuek R., Mann, David M. A., Jordan, Grafman, Morris, Christopher M., Johannes, Attems, Griffiths, Timothy D., Mckeith, Ian G., Thomas, Alan J., Pietro, Pietrini, Edward, Uey, Wassermann, Eric M., Atik, Baborie, Evelyn, Jaros, Tierney, Michael C., Pau, Pastor, Cristina, Razquin, Sara, Ortega-Cubero, Elena, Alonso, Robert, Perneczky, Janine, Diehl-Schmid, Panagiotis, Alexopoulos, Alexander, Kurz, Rainero, Innocenzo, Rubino, Elisa, Pinessi, Lorenzo, Ekaterina, Rogaeva, Peter St George-Hyslop, Giacomina, Rossi, Fabrizio, Tagliavini, Giorgio, Giaccone, Rowe, James B., Schlachetzki, Johannes C. M., James, Uphill, John, Collinge, Simon, Mead, Adrian, Danek, Van Deerlin, Vivianna M., Murray, Grossman, Trojanowski, John Q., Julie van der Zee, Christine Van Broeckhoven, Cappa, Stefano F., Isabelle, Leber, Alexis, Brice, Benedetta, Nacmias, Sandro, Sorbi, Silvia, Bagnoli, Irene, Piaceri, Nielsen, Jørgen E., Hjermind, Lena E., Matthias, Riemenschneider, Manuel, Mayhaus, Bernd, Ibach, Gilles, Gasparoni, Sabrina, Pichler, Wei, Gu, Rossor, Martin N., Fox, Nick C., Warren, Jason D., Maria Grazia Spillantini, Morris, Huw R., Patrizia, Rizzu, Peter, Heutink, Snowden, Julie S., Sara, Rollinson, Anna, Richardson, Alexander, Gerhard, Bruni, Amalia C., Raffaele, Maletta, Francesca, Frangipane, Chiara, Cupidi, Livia, Bernardi, Maria, Anfossi, Maura, Gallo, Maria Elena Conidi, Nicoletta, Smirne, Rosa, Rademakers, Matt, Baker, Dickson, Dennis W., Graff-Radford, Neill R., Petersen, Ronald C., David, Knopman, Josephs, Keith A., Boeve, Bradley F., Parisi, Joseph E., Seeley, William W., Miller, Bruce L., Karydas, Anna M., Howard, Rosen, van Swieten, John C., Dopper, Elise G. P., Harro, Seelaar, Pijnenburg, Yolande A. L., Philip, Scheltens, Giancarlo, Logroscino, Rosa, Capozzo, Valeria, Novelli, Puca, Annibale A., Massimo, Franceschi, Alfredo, Postiglione, Graziella, Milan, Paolo, Sorrentino, Mark, Kristiansen, Huei-Hsin, Chiang, Caroline, Graff, Adeline, Rollin, Dimitrios, Kapogiannis, Luigi, Ferrucci, Stuart, Pickering-Brown, Singleton, Andrew B., John, Hardy, Parastoo, Momeni., Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neurodegeneration, Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore = Catholic University of the Sacred Heart [Roma] (Unicatt), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Centre d'investigation clinique Paris Est [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (CIC Paris-Est), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Dupuytren [CHU Limoges], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Center for Molecular Neurology (VIB-UAntwerp), University of Antwerp (UA), University College of London [London] (UCL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Service de Neurologie [Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar], Hôpitaux Civils Colmar, Mécanismes Centraux et Périphériques de la Neurodégénérescence, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neurologie, maladies neuro-musculaires [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Yves le Foll, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Regional Neurogenetic Centre [Lamezia Terme, Italy] (CRN - ASP Catanzaro), Hospital Central de Asturias, Institute of Health Research of Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz [Madrid] (FJD), Faculdade de Medicina [Lisboa], Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Sunnybrook Research Institute [Toronto] (SRI), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Plateforme Post-génomique de la Pitié-Salpêtrière (PASS-P3S), Unité Mixte de Service Production et Analyse de données en Sciences de la vie et en Santé (PASS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania-University of Pennsylvania, Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerpen, Belgium, Génétique, génomique fonctionnelle et biotechnologies (UMR 1078) (GGB), EFS-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), The French clinical and genetic Research network on FTLD/FTLD-ALS and PREVDEMALS, The International Frontotemporal Dementia Genomics Consortium, The European Early Onset Dementia (EU -EOD) Consortium, Brainbank Neuro-CEB Neuropathology Network, and Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobank Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS
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Adult ,Male ,TDP-43 ,C9orf72 ,SLITRK2 ,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ,frontotemporal dementia ,Nerve Tissue Proteins ,Settore MED/03 - GENETICA MEDICA ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Cohort Studies ,Genes, X-Linked ,80 and over ,Medicine ,Dementia ,Humans ,Allele ,Age of Onset ,Polymorphism ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,biology ,C9orf72 Protein ,business.industry ,Membrane Proteins ,MESH: Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration / epidemiology ,Frontotemporal Lobar ,Degeneration / genetics ,Genes, X-Linked / genetics ,Genome-Wide Association Study / methods ,Frontotemporal lobar degeneration ,Single Nucleotide ,Middle Aged ,X-Linked ,medicine.disease ,Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ,Minor allele frequency ,Genes ,Immunology ,Synaptophysin ,biology.protein ,Female ,MESH: Adult ,C9orf72 Protein / genetics ,Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration / diagnosis ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Human medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,MESH: Humans ,Membrane Proteins / genetics ,Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / genetics ,Age of onset ,Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration ,business ,Frontotemporal dementia ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
The G4C2-repeat expansion in C9orf72 is the most common cause of frontotemporal dementia and of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The variability of age at onset and phenotypic presentations is a hallmark of C9orf72 disease. In this study, we aimed to identify modifying factors of disease onset in C9orf72 carriers using a family-based approach, in pairs of C9orf72 carrier relatives with concordant or discordant age at onset. Linkage and association analyses provided converging evidence for a locus on chromosome Xq27.3. The minor allele A of rs1009776 was associated with an earlier onset (P = 1 × 10−5). The association with onset of dementia was replicated in an independent cohort of unrelated C9orf72 patients (P = 0.009). The protective major allele delayed the onset of dementia from 5 to 13 years on average depending on the cohort considered. The same trend was observed in an independent cohort of C9orf72 patients with extreme deviation of the age at onset (P = 0.055). No association of rs1009776 was detected in GRN patients, suggesting that the effect of rs1009776 was restricted to the onset of dementia due to C9orf72. The minor allele A is associated with a higher SLITRK2 expression based on both expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) databases and in-house expression studies performed on C9orf72 brain tissues. SLITRK2 encodes for a post-synaptic adhesion protein. We further show that synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 and synaptophysin, two synaptic vesicle proteins, were decreased in frontal cortex of C9orf72 patients carrying the minor allele. Upregulation of SLITRK2 might be associated with synaptic dysfunctions and drives adverse effects in C9orf72 patients that could be modulated in those carrying the protective allele. How the modulation of SLITRK2 expression affects synaptic functions and influences the disease onset of dementia in C9orf72 carriers will require further investigations. In summary, this study describes an original approach to detect modifier genes in rare diseases and reinforces rising links between C9orf72 and synaptic dysfunctions that might directly influence the occurrence of first symptoms.
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- 2021
3. Effect of Process Parameters on the Properties of Direct Written gas-generating Reactive Layers
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Fabien Mesnilgrente, Bernard Franc, Sandrine Assié-Souleille, Xuwen Liu, Tao Wu, Florent Sevely, Xavier Dollat, Carole Rossi, Équipe Nano-ingénierie et intégration des oxydes métalliques et de leurs interfaces (LAAS-NEO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NJUST), Service Techniques et Équipements Appliqués à la Microélectronique (LAAS-TEAM), Service Instrumentation Conception Caractérisation (LAAS-I2C), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
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energetic materials ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,gas generation ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,direct writing ,law.invention ,reactive material ,[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Reactivity (chemistry) ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Copper complex ,010304 chemical physics ,thermite ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Organic Chemistry ,Gas release ,Thermite ,Polymer ,3D printing ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Pressure measurement ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Mass fraction ,Reactive material - Abstract
International audience; A mixture of copper complex and Al/CuO nanothermite, Al/CuO/CuC, represents one of the state-of-the-art gas-generating thermite systems with various pyrotechnic applications due to its tunable gas release rates. The reactivity of reactive inks with various loadings of the poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) binder mixed with Al/CuO/CuC is characterized using high-speed imaging diagnostics and pressure measurements. For a PVP mass fraction of
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- 2021
4. Diffusive Representation: A Powerful Method to Analyze Temporal Signals from Metal-Oxide Gas Sensors Used in Pulsed Mode
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Nicolas Dufour, Cyril Tropis, Philippe Menini, Frédéric Blanc, Germain Garcia, Bernard Franc, Chaabane Talhi, Gerard Montseny, Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Équipe Robotique, Action et Perception (LAAS-RAP), Service Instrumentation Conception Caractérisation (LAAS-I2C), Équipe MICrosystèmes d'Analyse (LAAS-MICA), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
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Polynomial ,Materials science ,TK7800-8360 ,Computer Networks and Communications ,metal-oxide gas sensors ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,diffusive representation ,law.invention ,law ,Thermal ,[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Representation (mathematics) ,pulsed-temperature operating mode ,Artificial neural network ,010401 analytical chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,interpolation ,0104 chemical sciences ,Power (physics) ,Hardware and Architecture ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Signal Processing ,Electronics ,Resistor ,0210 nano-technology ,Biological system ,Dynamic method ,Interpolation - Abstract
The main objective of this work was to find the most efficient method to interpolate metal oxide gas sensor used in a pulsed-temperature operating mode. This pulsed thermal profile is obtained by applying 6 power steps of 2 s each on the heater resistor. The experimental values of the sensing layer resistance, with a sampling time of 4 ms, were interpolated by using two different static methods: a polynomial modelling and a neural network modelling, and one dynamic method: the diffusive representation. Then, the results have been compared in terms of precision and number of useful output data, as minimum as possible for high performance and rapid data treatment which is great of interest in embedded systems. The best results are obtained with the diffusive representation, it allows converting 500 measurements into 11 output coefficients.
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- 2021
5. Response ofHtr3aknockout mice to antidepressant treatment and chronic stress
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Charly Brouillard, Bernard Franc, Jean-Pol Tassin, Armance Riffaud, Vincent Martin, Caroline Sévoz-Couche, Laurence Lanfumey, Tevrasamy Marday, and Raymond Mongeau
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0301 basic medicine ,Pharmacology ,Elevated plus maze ,Fluoxetine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Citalopram ,Anxiolytic ,Social defeat ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Antidepressant ,Chronic stress ,Serotonin ,business ,Psychiatry ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background and Purpose It has recently been suggested that 5-HT3 receptor blockade enhances the efficacy of selective 5-HT (serotonin) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants and may reverse stress-induced deficits in rodents. Experimental Approach To further explore this hypothesis, we used mice lacking the 5-HT3 receptor (Htr3a KO) and their wild-type (WT) controls to assess their response in behavioural paradigms relevant to anxiety and depression. Mice were studied under basal, antidepressant treatments and chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) conditions. Key Results In basal conditions, Htr3a KO mice displayed anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like behaviours in the elevated plus maze, the social interaction and the forced swim tests (FST), but behaved as WT mice in response to acute citalopram in the FST. However, the effects of fluoxetine were blunted in Htr3a KO mice in these same tests. In an in vitro electrophysiological paradigm, a low-dose citalopram treatment triggered 5-HT1A receptor desensitization only in the dorsal raphe nucleus of Htr3a KO, although a high dose desensitized 5-HT1A autoreceptor function equally in Htr3a KO and WT mice, suggesting that citalopram may become effective at lower doses when 5-HT3 receptors are inactivated. In addition, Htr3a deletion blocked CSDS-induced modification in the cortical expression of two genes involved in oxidative stress, CaMKIIa and SOD1. Conclusions and Implications Taken together, these data show that Htr3a deletion promotes SSRI efficacy and prevents the occurrence of stress-induced deleterious effects, suggesting that the 5-HT3 receptor may represent an interesting target for the treatment of stress-related disorders.
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- 2017
6. Increased 5-HT2C receptor editing predisposes to PTSD-like behaviors and alters BDNF and cytokines signaling
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Bernard Franc, Mathilde Règue, Vincent Martin, Laurence Lanfumey, Corinne Poilbout, and Raymond Mongeau
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hippocampus ,Mice, Transgenic ,Anxiety ,Amygdala ,Article ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neurotrophic factors ,Internal medicine ,Neuroplasticity ,medicine ,Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C ,Animals ,RNA, Messenger ,Maze Learning ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,Neuroinflammation ,Behavior, Animal ,business.industry ,Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ,Extinction (psychology) ,Fear ,Paroxetine ,5-HT2C receptor ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cytokines ,RNA Editing ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a trauma- and stress-related disorder with dysregulated fear responses and neurobiological impairments, notably at neurotrophic and inflammation levels. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this disease is crucial to develop PTSD models that meet behavioral and neurobiological validity criteria as well as innovative therapeutic approaches. Serotonin 2C receptors (5-HT2CR) are known for their important role in anxiety, and mice having only the fully edited VGV isoform of 5-HT2CR, which thereby overexpressed brain 5-HT2CR, are of special interest to study PTSD predisposition. Innate and conditioned fear-related behaviors were assessed in VGV and wild-type mice. mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and calcineurin) were measured by qRT-PCR. The effect of acute and chronic paroxetine was evaluated on both behavior and gene expression. VGV mice displayed greater fear expression, extensive fear extinction deficits, and fear generalization. Paroxetine restored fear extinction in VGV mice when administered acutely and decreased innate fear and fear generalization when administered chronically. In parallel, Bdnf, tPA, and pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA levels were dysregulated in VGV mice. Bdnf and tPA mRNA expression was decreased in the hippocampus but increased in the amygdala, and chronic paroxetine normalized Bdnf mRNA levels both in the amygdala and the hippocampus. Amygdalar calcineurin mRNA level in VGV mice was also normalized by chronic paroxetine. VGV-transgenic mice displayed behavioral and neurobiological features that could be accessory to the investigation of PTSD and its treatment. Furthermore, these data point out to the role of 5-HT2CR in neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation.
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- 2019
7. Analysis of drain current transient stability of AlGaN/GaN HEMT stressed under HTOL & HTRB, by random telegraph noise and low frequency noise characterizations
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Laurent Bary, Jean-Guy Tartarin, Benoit Lambert, Oana Lazar, Bernard Franc, Axel Rumeau, Équipe Microondes et Opto-microondes pour Systèmes de Télécommunications (LAAS-MOST), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Service Informatique : Développement, Exploitation et Assistance (LAAS-IDEA), Service Instrumentation Conception Caractérisation (LAAS-I2C), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
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Materials science ,Gallium nitride ,02 engineering and technology ,High-electron-mobility transistor ,01 natural sciences ,Noise (electronics) ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,010302 applied physics ,business.industry ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Transistor ,Schottky diode ,Biasing ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Threshold voltage ,chemistry ,Optoelectronics ,Transient (oscillation) ,business - Abstract
International audience; The charges in wide bandgap Gallium Nitride (GaN) High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMT) can be identified by means of various methods such as electrical transient and pulsed measurements, or noise spectroscopy methods, usually performed at different temperatures to extract activation energies. These traps can be passivated or activated according to electrical or thermal conditions over the lifetime. Therefore, the distinction between harmful traps (with consequences on performances) and harmless traps (without impact on electrical behaviour) must be performed. In this paper, devices stressed by HTOL (High Temperature Operating Life) are characterized by time domain electrical techniques (transient and pulsed), and with low frequency noise (LFN) experimental tools. By performing characterizations on the gate and on the drain, it is also possible to identify the drain current sensitivity to charges located in specific regions of the transistor (command or channel zones). The proposed case study discriminates the traps in the GaN buffer and at the vicinity of the AlGaN/GaN interface. The HTOL stress impacts the traps at the interface border zone in the AlGaN layer. This causes a drift in the threshold voltage Vth, also with a hysteresis depending on direction of increasing or decreasing sweep of the gate voltage during the characterization. Also the Schottky diode leakage current profile at the transition voltage between forward and reverse biasing mode has been analysed versus temperature. The thermal sensitivity of the drift of the threshold voltage and of the transition voltage is attributed to the kinetics of ionization and neutralization of the donor traps with the applied gate voltage. This drift of Vth, and the action of many other traps or charges, cause the drain current to vary over time. These results are finally compared to those obtained by HTRB stress (High Temperature Reverse Bias), presenting similar degradation signatures over a longer stress period.
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- 2020
8. Behavioral and neurochemical characterization of Tr kappa B-dependent mechanisms of agomelatine in glucocorticoid receptor-impaired mice
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Bernard Franc, D. Rognan, Harry Steinbusch, Laurence Lanfumey, Cecilia Gabriel, Elisabeth Mocaer, D.L.A. van den Hove, H. Velthuis, F. Boulle, Gunter Kenis, K. Koedam, Raymond Mongeau, Promovendi MHN, RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience, Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, and MUMC+: MA Niet Med Staf Psychiatrie (9)
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mice, Transgenic ,Tropomyosin receptor kinase B ,Motor Activity ,Hippocampal formation ,Hippocampus ,Receptors, Glucocorticoid ,Neurochemical ,Glucocorticoid receptor ,Glucocorticoid ,Neurotrophic factors ,Internal medicine ,Acetamides ,medicine ,Animals ,Receptor, trkB ,Agomelatine ,Single-Blind Method ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Social Behavior ,Biological Psychiatry ,Cell Proliferation ,Pharmacology ,Brain-derived neurotrophic factor ,Depressive Disorder ,business.industry ,Tr kappa B inhibitor ,Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ,Azepines ,Fear ,Antidepressants ,Antidepressive Agents ,Disease Models, Animal ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Endocrinology ,Neurology ,Benzamides ,Neuroplasticity ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that impairment of the stress response, in particular the negative feedback regulation mechanism exerted by the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, might be responsible for the hippocampal atrophy observed in depressed patients. Antidepressants, possibly through the activation of BDNF signaling, may enhance neuroplasticity and restore normal hippocampal functions. In this context, glucocorticoid receptor-impaired (GR-i) mice-a transgenic mouse model of reduced GR-induced negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis-were used to investigate the role of BDNF/TrkB signaling in the behavioral and neurochemical effects of the new generation antidepressant drug, agomelatine. GR-i mice exhibited marked alterations in depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviors, together with a decreased cell proliferation and altered levels of neuroplastic and epigenetic markers in the hippocampus. GR-i mice and their wild-type littermates were treated for 21 days with vehicle, agomelatine (50 mg/kg/day; i.p) or the TrkB inhibitor Ana-12 (0.5 mg/kg/day, i.p) alone, or in combination with agomelatine. Chronic treatment with agomelatine resulted in antidepressant like effects in GR-i mice and reversed the deficit in hippocampal cell proliferation and some of the alterations of mRNA plasticity markers in GR-i mice. Ana-12 blocked the effect of agomelatine on motor activity as well as its ability to restore a normal hippocampal cell proliferation and expression of neurotrophic factors. Altogether, our findings indicate that agomelatine requires TrkB signaling to reverse some of the molecular and behavioral alterations caused by HPA axis impairment.
- Published
- 2016
9. Fully Automated RF-Thermal Stress Workbench with S-Parameters Tracking for GaN Reliability Analysis
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Jean-Guy Tartarin, D. Saugnon, Bernard Franc, Francois Boone, Hassan Maher, Équipe Microondes et Opto-microondes pour Systèmes de Télécommunications (LAAS-MOST), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Nanotechnologies Nanosystèmes (LN2 ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-École supérieure de Chimie Physique Electronique de Lyon (CPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Interdisciplinaire d'Innovation Technologique [Sherbrooke] (3IT), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Service Instrumentation Conception Caractérisation (LAAS-I2C), ANR-11-LABX-0014,GANEX,Réseau national sur GaN(2011), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
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02 engineering and technology ,High-electron-mobility transistor ,01 natural sciences ,Signal ,law.invention ,Reliability (semiconductor) ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electronic engineering ,Scattering parameters ,Radar ,[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics ,C-band ,010302 applied physics ,HEMTs ,Microwave transistors ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,Life testing ,Gallium nitride ,Semiconductor device reliability ,Power (physics) ,[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics ,[SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism ,Workbench ,Radio frequency - Abstract
International audience; The rapid development of III-V technologies for telecommunication and radar markets need the meeting of performances (power, frequency) criteria as well as reliability assessment. Nitride HEMT technologies are known to reveal a large variety of failure electrical signatures, and it is also largely accepted that multi-tools (multi physics) approaches is the only suitable way to understand the failure mechanisms and to improve the technologies. Experimental stress workbenches usually allow to track a given number of static/dynamic parameters, but specific characterization are only performed at initial and final steps on the devices. This paper proposes a new approach with S-parameters measurement performed during RF stresses without removing the devices under test (in a thermally controlled oven). Then intermediate knowledge of the electrical (small signal) behavior of the devices can be assessed, and crossed with large-signal and static time-dependent signatures.
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- 2018
10. Response of Htr3a knockout mice to antidepressant treatment and chronic stress
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Vincent, Martin, Armance, Riffaud, Tevrasamy, Marday, Charly, Brouillard, Bernard, Franc, Jean-Pol, Tassin, Caroline, Sevoz-Couche, Raymond, Mongeau, and Laurence, Lanfumey
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Male ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Mice, Knockout ,Mice ,Oxidative Stress ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Animals ,Citalopram ,Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 ,Social Behavior ,Research Papers ,Antidepressive Agents ,Stress, Psychological - Abstract
It has recently been suggested that 5-HTTo further explore this hypothesis, we used mice lacking the 5-HTIn basal conditions, Htr3a KO mice displayed anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like behaviours in the elevated plus maze, the social interaction and the forced swim tests (FST), but behaved as WT mice in response to acute citalopram in the FST. However, the effects of fluoxetine were blunted in Htr3a KO mice in these same tests. In an in vitro electrophysiological paradigm, a low-dose citalopram treatment triggered 5-HTTaken together, these data show that Htr3a deletion promotes SSRI efficacy and prevents the occurrence of stress-induced deleterious effects, suggesting that the 5-HT
- Published
- 2016
11. Licence Logiciel Monitoralox
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Guilhem Almuneau, Bernard Franc, Simon Bachelet, Roman Rousseau, Équipe Photonique (LAAS-PHOTO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Service Informatique : Développement, Exploitation et Assistance (LAAS-IDEA), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
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[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic ,[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials - Published
- 2016
12. Agomelatine reverses cognition-related behavior and hippocampal gene expression alterations induced by chronic social defeat stress in mice
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Elisabeth Mocaer, Philippe Fossati, V. Martin, M. Euvrard, N. Allaïli, Bernard Franc, S. Lehericy, Laurence Lanfumey, Cecilia Gabriel, and T. Marday
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Pharmacology ,Cognition ,Hippocampal formation ,Social defeat ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neurology ,Stress (linguistics) ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Agomelatine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Neurology (clinical) ,Psychology ,Biological Psychiatry ,Clinical psychology ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2016
13. Effect of Annealing Conditions on Photoluminescence Properties of Low-Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition-Grown Silicon Nanocrystals
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S. Bonnefont, Olivier Gauthier-Lafaye, Philippe Arguel, Emmanuel Scheid, Eléna Bedel-Pereira, F. Lozes-Dupuy, Bernard Franc, Gérard Sarrabayrouse, Konstantinos Koukos, and Laurent Bouscayrol
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Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,Photoluminescence ,Materials science ,Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) ,Chemical engineering ,Annealing (metallurgy) ,Near-infrared spectroscopy ,General Engineering ,Analytical chemistry ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Chemical vapor deposition ,Silicon nanocrystals ,Rapid thermal annealing - Abstract
The photoluminescence properties of silicon nanocrystals in SiO2, prepared by low-pressure chemical vapour deposition and subsequent annealing have been studied. A comprehensive range of combinations of film compositions and annealing conditions were tested. The use of two-step annealing (a rapid annealing, followed by a conventional one) used instead of the common one-step conventional annealing, enhances emission. Annealing conditions are key to the photoluminescence and structural properties of the obtained film and have been investigated in detail. Film composition is also an important parameter, which allows tuning of the emission in a wide spectral range in the near infrared.
- Published
- 2008
14. Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Microinjections into the Oral Pontine Tegmentum Enhance Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in the Rat
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C Gaultier, Joëlle Adrien, Michel Hamon, Bernard Franc, Pierre Escourrou, P. Bourgin, and Cécile Lebrand
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Carbachol ,Microinjections ,Vasoactive intestinal peptide ,Rapid eye movement sleep ,Sleep, REM ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Pons ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Tegmentum ,Animals ,Electromyography ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Electroencephalography ,Stimulation, Chemical ,Rats ,Electrooculography ,Endocrinology ,Cholinergic ,Sleep onset ,business ,Microelectrodes ,Acetylcholine ,Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ,medicine.drug ,Oral pontine reticular nucleus - Abstract
Rapid eye movement sleep can be elicited in the rat by microinjection of the cholinergic agonist carbachol into the oral pontine reticular nucleus. Intracerebroventricular administration, during the light period, of vasoactive intestinal peptide enhances rapid eye movement sleep in several species. Since this peptide is co-localized with acetylcholine in many neurons in the central nervous system, it was assumed that the oral pontine tegmentum could also be one target for vasoactive intestinal peptide to induce rapid eye movement sleep. This hypothesis was tested by recording the sleep-wakefulness cycle in freely-moving rats injected with vasoactive intestinal peptide or its fragments (1–12 and 10–28) directly into the oral pontine reticular nucleus. When administered into the posterior part of this nucleus, vasoactive intestinal peptide at 1 and 10 ng (in 0.1 μ l of saline), but not its fragments, induced a 2-fold enhancement of rapid eye movement sleep during 4 h, at the expense of wakefulness. At the dose of 10 ng, a significant increase in rapid eye movement sleep persisted for up to 8 h. Moreover, when the peptide was injected into the centre of the positive zone, rapid eye movement sleep was enhanced during three to eight consecutive days. These data provide the first evidence that rapid eye movement sleep can be elicited at both short- and long-term by a single intracerebral microinjection of vasoactive intestinal peptide. Peptidergic mechanisms, possibly in association with cholinergic mechanisms, within the caudal part of the oral pontine reticular nucleus may play a critical role in the long-term regulation of rapid eye movement sleep in rats.
- Published
- 1997
15. Increased sympathetic nerve discharge without alteration in the sympathetic baroreflex response by serotonin3 receptor stimulation in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the rat
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Anne Nosjean, Bernard Franc, Raul Laguzzi, Neuropsychopharmacologie moléculaire, cellulaire et fonctionnelle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and PERIGNON, Alain
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Male ,Sympathetic nervous system ,Sympathetic Nervous System ,Baroreceptor ,[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,[SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,Blood Pressure ,MESH: Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,MESH: Microinjections ,MESH: Serotonin Antagonists ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,MESH: Pressoreceptors ,Zacopride ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,MESH: Animals ,MESH: Sympathetic Nervous System ,0303 health sciences ,MESH: Solitary Nucleus ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,General Neuroscience ,[SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences ,MESH: Blood Pressure ,MESH: Serotonin Receptor Agonists ,Serotonin Receptor Agonists ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Serotonin Antagonists ,circulatory and respiratory physiology ,Agonist ,Serotonin ,MESH: Receptors, Serotonin ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Microinjections ,MESH: Rats ,medicine.drug_class ,Pressoreceptors ,Baroreflex ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,Solitary Nucleus ,medicine ,Animals ,Microinjection ,030304 developmental biology ,Solitary nucleus ,[SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,MESH: Male ,Rats ,Endocrinology ,nervous system ,chemistry ,Receptors, Serotonin ,MESH: Serotonin ,Neuroscience ,[SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
International audience; Previous studies have shown that serotonin3 receptor activation in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) and inhibited the cardiac component of the baroreceptor reflex [9]. We have examined the effects of such stimulation upon spontaneous and evoked sympathetic nerve activity. Microinjection of serotonin (10 nmol) into the NTS of halothane-anaesthetized, paralyzed and artificially ventilated rats produced an increase in MAP and lumbar sympathetic nerve discharge which could be completely prevented by prior local microinjection of zacopride, a potent serotonin3 antagonist (200 pmol). In addition, 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide, a selective serotonin3 receptor agonist, mimicked the sympathoexcitatory effect of serotonin. Since the gain of the sympathetic component of the baroreflex was unaltered after intra-NTS microinjection of serotonin, it could be concluded that serotonin3 receptors activation in the NTS induces a sympathetic activation which is not mediated through an inhibition of the sympathetic baroreceptor reflex arc.
- Published
- 1995
16. Circadian pattern of motor activity in major depressed patients undergoing antidepressant therapy: Relationship between actigraphic measures and clinical course
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Pierre Denise, Bernard Franc, Jean-François Alliale, Nadine Raoux, Nicolas Dantchev, Odile Benoit, and D Widlocher
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Adult ,Male ,Activity level ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Clomipramine ,Motor Activity ,Rhythm ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Circadian rhythm ,Psychiatry ,Maprotiline ,Biological Psychiatry ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Analysis of Variance ,Depressive Disorder ,Psychomotor retardation ,Actigraphy ,Middle Aged ,Antidepressive Agents ,Circadian Rhythm ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cardiology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Sleep ,Hypoactivity ,Psychology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The 24-hour motor activity pattern was evaluated in 26 inpatients with major depression at treatment onset and after 4 weeks of antidepressant therapy. Clinical state, depression, and psychomotor retardation, as well as motor activity level and circadian rhythm, were simultaneously assessed. Treatment responders and nonresponders were also considered. Diurnal hypoactivity and reduced 24-hour rhythm amplitude were found at treatment onset. Activity level increased significantly on discharge. The rest-activity cycle for each depressed patient fit a cosine function of 24-hour periodicity. Data tended to show no phase shift but a large intragroup phase variability. Preliminary findings of a negative correlation between basic activity level and clinical improvement, and a trend toward responders having a lower activity level than nonresponders, suggest that activity could be used to predict therapeutic response.
- Published
- 1994
17. Key role of 5-HT1B receptors in the regulation of paradoxical sleep as evidenced in 5-HT1B knock-out mice
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Bernard Franc, René Hen, Benjamin Boutrel, Joëlle Adrien, and Michel Hamon
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Indoles ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sleep, REM ,Receptor type ,Article ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Wakefulness ,Receptor ,GR-127935 ,media_common ,Mice, Knockout ,Analysis of Variance ,General Neuroscience ,Antagonist ,Serotonin Receptor Agonists ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Receptors, Serotonin ,Knockout mouse ,Sleep Deprivation ,CP-94253 ,Serotonin Antagonists ,Vigilance (psychology) - Abstract
The involvement of 5-HT1Breceptors in the regulation of vigilance states was assessed by investigating the spontaneous sleep–waking cycles and the effects of 5-HT receptor ligands on sleep in knock-out (5-HT1B−/−) mice that do not express this receptor type. Both 5-HT1B−/− and wild-type 129/Sv mice exhibited a clear-cut diurnal sleep–wakefulness rhythm, but knock-out animals were characterized by higher amounts of paradoxical sleep and lower amounts of slow-wave sleep during the light phase and by a lack of paradoxical sleep rebound after deprivation. In wild-type mice, the 5-HT1Bagonists CP 94253 (1–10 mg/kg, i.p.) and RU 24969 (0.25–2.0 mg/kg, i.p.) induced a dose-dependent reduction of paradoxical sleep during the 2–6 hr after injection, whereas the 5-HT1B/1Dantagonist GR 127935 (0.1–1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) enhanced paradoxical sleep. In addition, pretreatment with GR 127935, but not with the 5-HT1Aantagonist WAY 100635, prevented the effects of both 5-HT1Bagonists. In contrast, none of the 5-HT1Breceptor ligands, at the same doses as those used in wild-type mice, had any effect on sleep in 5-HT1B−/− mutants. Finally, the 5-HT1Aagonist 8-OH-DPAT (0.2–1.2 mg/kg, s.c.) induced in both strains a reduction in the amount of paradoxical sleep. Altogether, these data indicate that 5-HT1Breceptors participate in the regulation of paradoxical sleep in the mouse.
- Published
- 1999
18. Dorsal medullary 5-HT 3 receptors and sympathetic premotor neurones in the rat
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Caroline Sévoz-Couche, Anne Nosjean, Bernard Franc, Michel Hamon, Raul Laguzzi, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Neuropsychopharmacologie moléculaire, cellulaire et fonctionnelle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and PERIGNON, Alain
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Male ,MESH: Phenylephrine ,Sympathetic Nervous System ,Baroreceptor ,Physiology ,[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,Biguanides ,MESH: Aorta, Abdominal ,Action Potentials ,Blood Pressure ,Stimulation ,MESH: Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,MESH: Microinjections ,MESH: Carbon Dioxide ,Cardiovascular System ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Phenylephrine ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,MESH: Baroreflex ,MESH: Animals ,Aorta, Abdominal ,Glutamate receptor antagonist ,MESH: Sympathetic Nervous System ,Lung ,MESH: Action Potentials ,Motor Neurons ,Carotid Body ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,MESH: Electrophysiology ,MESH: Solitary Nucleus ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,Chemistry ,Respiration ,[SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences ,Rostral ventrolateral medulla ,MESH: Blood Pressure ,MESH: Serotonin Receptor Agonists ,Serotonin Receptor Agonists ,Electrophysiology ,Medulla oblongata ,MESH: Motor Neurons ,circulatory and respiratory physiology ,MESH: Carotid Body ,medicine.medical_specialty ,MESH: Receptors, Serotonin ,Cardiotonic Agents ,Microinjections ,MESH: Rats ,MESH: Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 ,Population ,Baroreflex ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,Solitary Nucleus ,medicine ,Animals ,MESH: Lung ,education ,Ligation ,030304 developmental biology ,MESH: Respiration ,MESH: Cardiovascular System ,[SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,Original Articles ,MESH: Cardiotonic Agents ,Carbon Dioxide ,MESH: Ligation ,MESH: Male ,MESH: Biguanides ,Rats ,Endocrinology ,nervous system ,Receptors, Serotonin ,Reflex ,Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 ,Neuroscience ,[SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Our aim was to determine whether the cardiovascular neurones in the rostro-ventrolateral medulla (CV-RVLM neurones) were involved in the sympathoexcitation induced by stimulation of 5-HT3 receptors in the region of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS). Experiments were performed in pentobarbitone-anaesthetized rats, artificially ventilated and paralysed with pancuronium bromide. Using extracellular recordings, different types of RVLM neurones were characterized: cardiovascular (CV), ventilation-related and baroreflex-insensitive (unidentified) neurones. The CV-RVLM cells were further subdivided into three populations according to their axonal conduction velocities: A (1.2 ± 0.1 m s−1), B (2.5 ± 0.2 m s−1) and C (6.8 ± 1.1 m s−1). Only the CV-RVLM neurones of the A and B categories were partially inhibited (−30 %) by a hypotensive dose (2.5 μg kg−1 i.v.) of clonidine. Microinjections into the region of the commissural NTS of 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide (CPBG, 2 nmol), a selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist, elicited an increase in both lumbar sympathetic nerve discharge (SND) and arterial pressure. In addition, this treatment produced a marked excitation of CV-RVLM neurones of the A and B categories, without affecting those of the C type, as well as ventilation-related and unidentified RVLM cells. The activity of the CV neurones in the caudo-ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata (CV-CVLM) was not modified by 5-HT3 receptor stimulation in the NTS. Prior intra-NTS microinjections of ondansetron (300 pmol, a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist) into the region of the commissural NTS prevented the excitation of A and B CV-RVLM neurones induced by CPBG. Intracarotid administration of saline saturated with CO2 (chemoreceptor activation) elicited both an increase in the SND and an excitation of the clonidine-insensitive CV-RVLM neurones of the C type, without affecting A and B neurones. In conclusion, the sympathoexcitation elicited following 5-HT3 receptor stimulation in the region of the commissural NTS of pentobarbitone-anaesthetized rats seems to result from the excitation of two different pools of clonidine-sensitive CV-RVLM neurones. These neurones are apparently not involved in the sympathetic component of the chemoreceptor reflex. The rostro-ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) are critically involved in the reflex control of sympathetic activity (Guyenet, Filtz & Donaldson, 1987; Sun & Guyenet, 1987; Spyer, 1994). The RVLM contains neurones that receive a number of inputs both peripheral and central in origin that influence sympathetic nerve activity (Sun & Guyenet, 1987; Spyer, 1994). Previous reports have described two populations of cardiovascular (CV)-RVLM neurones that project to the thoracic spinal cord (Brown & Guyenet, 1985; Sun & Guyenet, 1985). The first population consists of clonidine-sensitive cells with slow-conducting axons. The second population corresponds to cells that do not respond to hypotensive doses of clonidine, and are characterized by a much higher conduction velocity (Sun & Guyenet, 1986). The NTS is the site of termination of afferent fibres arising from arterial baroreceptors (baroreflex), cardiopulmonary chemoreceptors (Bezold-Jarisch reflex) and carotid chemoreceptors (chemoreflex) (Palkovits & Zaborsky, 1977; Kalia & Mesulam, 1980; Jordan & Spyer, 1986). For baro- and Bezold-Jarisch reflexes, which seem to share the same integrating mechanisms and pathways in the brain (Verberne & Guyenet, 1992), second-order neurones project from the NTS to the caudal ventrolateral part of the medulla (CVLM) (Gordon 1987; Guyenet et al. 1987; Verberne & Guyenet, 1992). These neurones exert an excitatory action on the GABAergic CVLM neurones that project to the RVLM where they inhibit the CV-RVLM neurones of this pressor area (Brown & Guyenet, 1985; Sun & Guyenet, 1985; Jeske, Reis & Milner, 1995). Some of the CV-RVLM neurones additionally constitute an efferent link in the sympathetic component of the chemoreflex (Guyenet & Brown, 1986; Sun & Reis, 1995). Indeed, it has been demonstrated that some NTS chemosensitive neurones have axonal projections to the RVLM (Koshiya & Guyenet, 1996). Within the NTS, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) seems to be involved in the reflex control of blood pressure. Studies in both anaesthetized and conscious rats have shown that 5-HT2 receptor stimulation in the NTS elicits the typical CV responses of baroreceptor activation (Merahi, Orer & Laguzzi, 1992a; Callera, Bonagamba, Sevoz, Laguzzi & Machado, 1997a). On the other hand, stimulation of NTS 5-HT3 receptors elicits a chemoreceptor-like increase in arterial pressure and lumbar sympathetic activity (Merahi, Orer, Laporte, Gozlan, Hamon & Laguzzi, 1992b; Callera, Sevoz, Laguzzi & Machado, 1997b). In experiments aimed at analysing the mechanism (s) responsible for this sympatho-excitatory effect, we observed that stimulation of 5-HT3 receptors in the NTS did not inhibit the sympathetic component of the baroreflex (Nosjean, Franc & Laguzzi, 1995). Accordingly, it can be inferred that 5-HT3 receptor-mediated sympathoexcitation is not the consequence of the disruption of tonic baroreceptor sympathoinhibitory messages. However, our finding is compatible with the idea that CV-RVLM neurones may be involved in the sympathoexcitatory effect of 5-HT3 receptor stimulation in the NTS. In other experiments, we also observed that prior microinjections of pressor (nanomolar) doses of 5-HT3 receptor agonists into the NTS did not increase the sympathetic chemoreflex response (Sevoz, Callera, Machado, Hamon & Laguzzi, 1997). However, this observation does not rule out the possibility that under some physiological conditions, 5-HT released in the NTS may excite the NTS-RVLM sympathetic chemoreflex pathway (Koshiya & Guyenet, 1996), and the CV-RVLM neurones involved in this reflex. Indeed, as previously observed with the pressor chemoreflex response (Sun & Reis, 1995), we recently found that the microinjection of kynurenic acid, a glutamate receptor antagonist, into the RVLM blocked the pressor effects elicited by 5-HT3 receptor stimulation in this area (Sevoz, Hamon & Laguzzi, 1996b). In order to elucidate the possible role of CV-RVLM neurones in the sympathetic response to 5-HT3 receptor stimulation in the NTS, we have analysed the effects of intra-NTS microinjections of a potent and selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist, 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide (CPBG), as well as the effects of chemoreflex activation, on the activity of the different categories of RVLM neurones. In addition, the possible effects of intra-NTS administration of CPBG on the CV-CVLM neurones were also investigated.
- Published
- 1998
19. Tibial post fracture pain is reduced in kinin receptors deficient mice and blunted by kinin receptor antagonists
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Vincent Minville, Lionel Mouledous, Acil Jaafar, Réjean Couture, Anne Brouchet, Bernard Frances, Ivan Tack, and Jean-Pierre Girolami
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Pain ,Bradykinin ,B1 receptor ,B2 receptor ,Fracture ,Orthopedic ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Tibial fracture is associated with inflammatory reaction leading to severe pain syndrome. Bradykinin receptor activation is involved in inflammatory reactions, but has never been investigated in fracture pain. Methods This study aims at defining the role of B1 and B2-kinin receptors (B1R and B2R) in a closed tibial fracture pain model by using knockout mice for B1R (B1KO) or B2R (B2KO) and wild-type (WT) mice treated with antagonists for B1R (SSR 240612 and R954) and B2R (HOE140) or vehicle. A cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor (ketoprofen) and an antagonist (SB366791) of Transient Receptor Potential Vaniloid1 (TRPV1) were also investigated since these pathways are associated with BK-induced pain in other models. The impact on mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia and locomotion was assessed by behavior tests. Gene expression of B1R and B2R and spinal cord expression of c-Fos were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results B1KO and B2KO mice demonstrated a reduction in post-fracture pain sensitivity compared to WT mice that was associated with decreased c-Fos expression in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn in B2KO. B1R and B2R mRNA and protein levels were markedly enhanced at the fracture site. B1R and B2R antagonists and inhibition of COX and TRPV1 pathways reduced pain in WT. However, the analgesic effect of the COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor disappeared in B1KO and B2KO. In contrast, the analgesic effect of the TRPV1 antagonist persisted after gene deletion of either receptor. Conclusions It is suggested that B1R and B2R activation contributes significantly to tibial fracture pain through COX. Hence, B1R and B2R antagonists appear potential therapeutic agents to manage post fracture pain.
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- 2019
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20. Central action of 5-HT3 receptor ligands in the regulation of sleep-wakefulness and raphe neuronal activity in the rat
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Marie-Héléne Tissier, Joëlle Adrien, Samir Haj-Dahmane, T. Jolas, Michel Hamon, Laurence Lanfumey, and Bernard Franc
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Serotonin ,Indoles ,Time Factors ,medicine.drug_class ,Tropisetron ,Anxiolytic ,Buspirone ,Zacopride ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Gepirone ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Bridged Bicyclo Compounds ,Dorsal raphe nucleus ,Reference Values ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Rats, Wistar ,Wakefulness ,Pharmacology ,Neurons ,Raphe ,Azapirone ,Chemistry ,Ipsapirone ,Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ,Ondansetron ,Propranolol ,Rats ,Electrophysiology ,Endocrinology ,Pyrimidines ,nervous system ,Receptors, Serotonin ,Benzamides ,Raphe Nuclei ,Serotonin Antagonists ,Sleep ,medicine.drug ,Tropanes - Abstract
Anxiolytic drugs, such as the benzodiazepines and the azapirones (ipsapirone, gepirone, buspirone), are well known to affect states of vigilance and to decrease the firing rate of serotoninergic neurones within the dorsal raphe nucleus in rats. In order to examine whether the newly developed 5-HT3 antagonists with potential anxiolytic properties act through similar mechanisms, the effects of several of such antagonists: MDL 72222, ICS 205-930, ondansetron and/or zacopride on both sleep-wakefulness and the discharge of serotoninergic neurones within the dorsal raphe nucleus were investigated in rats. When tested in a wide range of doses (0.05-10 mg/kg, i.p.), none of these drugs significantly affected the states of vigilance, except ondansetron, at 0.1 mg/kg, which increased paradoxical sleep for the first 2 hr after administration and MDL 72222, at 10 mg/kg, which reduced both paradoxical and slow wave sleep and increased wakefulness for the same initial period after treatment. In vivo, in chloral hydrate anaesthetized rats, as well as in vitro, in slices of brain stem, none of the 5-HT3 antagonists tested affected the firing rate of serotoninergic neurones. Similarly, no change in the electrical activity of serotoninergic neurones could be evoked in vitro by superfusion of the tissue with the 5-HT3 agonists, phenylbiguanide (10 microM) and 2-methyl-5-HT (1 microM). At a larger concentration (10 microM), the latter compound reduced the neuronal discharge probably through the stimulation of somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptors since this effect, as that of ipsapirone, could be prevented by 10 microM l-propranolol. Comparison of these data with those obtained with benzodiazepines and 5-HT1A agonists of the azapirone series, supports the concept that different mechanisms are responsible for the anxiolytic-like properties of 5-HT3 agonists, compared to those of other anxiolytic drugs.
- Published
- 1992
21. Living at the Edge: Increasing Stress for Plants 2–13 Years After the Retreat of a Tropical Glacier
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Fabien Anthelme, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Bernard Francou, Bolívar Cáceres, and Olivier Dangles
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abiotic stress ,dispersal limitation ,facilitation ,glacial retreat ,chronosequence ,primary succession ,Evolution ,QH359-425 ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Rapid warming is a major threat for the alpine biodiversity but, at the same time, accelerated glacial retreat constitutes an opportunity for taxa and communities to escape range contraction or extinction. We explored the first steps of plant primary succession after accelerated glacial retreat under the assumption that the first few years are critical for the success of plant establishment. To this end, we examined plant succession along a very short post-glacial chronosequence in the tropical Andes of Ecuador (2–13 years after glacial retreat). We recorded the location of all plant individuals within an area of 4,200 m2 divided into plots of 1 m2. This sampling made it possible to measure the responses of the microenvironment, plant diversity and plants traits to time since the glacial retreat. It also made it possible to produce species-area curves and to estimate positive interactions between species. Decreases in soil temperature, soil moisture, and soil macronutrients revealed increasing abiotic stress for plants between two and 13 years after glacial retreat. This increasing stress seemingly explained the lack of positive correlation between plant diversity and time since the glacial retreat. It might explain the decreasing performance of plants at both the population (lower plant height) and the community levels (lower species richness and lower accumulation of species per area). Meanwhile, infrequent spatial associations among plants indicated a facilitation deficit and animal-dispersed plants were almost absent. Although the presence of 21 species on such a small sampled area seven years after glacial retreat could look like a colonization success in the first place, the increasing abiotic stress may partly erase this success, reducing species richness to 13 species after 13 years and increasing the frequency of patches without vegetation. This fine-grain distribution study sheds new light on nature's responses to the effects of climate change in cold biomes, suggesting that faster glacial retreat would not necessarily result in accelerated plant colonization. Results are exploratory and require site replications for generalization.
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- 2021
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22. Oxygen consumption during sleep in children under continuous and cyclic nutrition
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Guy Putet, Claude Ricour, I. Fagioli, Piero Salzarulo, Bernard Franc, and Frederik Bes
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Male ,Gastrointestinal Diseases ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Rapid eye movement sleep ,Physiology ,Sleep, REM ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Electrocardiography ,Medicine ,Humans ,O2 consumption ,Child ,media_common ,Slow-wave sleep ,Cerebral Cortex ,Sleep Stages ,Modalities ,business.industry ,Circadian Rhythm ,Oxygen ,Parenteral nutrition ,El Niño ,Anesthesia ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Parenteral Nutrition, Total ,business ,Energy Metabolism ,psychological phenomena and processes ,Vigilance (psychology) - Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of two modalities of parenteral nutrition (continuous nutrition over the 24-hour period vs. cyclic nutrition, i.e., administered only during the night) on O2 consumption during sleep in children affected by severe gastrointestinal diseases. In both feeding modalities O2 consumption was always highest in REM sleep, intermediate in stage 2 and lowest in SWS. The trends during the night of O2 consumption (an increase from the second to the third part of the night) for different sleep stages were comparable in both feeding modalities. These results suggest that O2 consumption is not affected by the feeding modalities investigated, but is dependent on both sleep stages and time of night.
- Published
- 1991
23. Performance evaluation of hospitals that provide care in the public health system, Brazil
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Marcelo Cristiano de Azevedo Ramos, Lucila Pedroso da Cruz, Vanessa Chaer Kishima, Wilson Modesto Pollara, Antônio Carlos Onofre de Lira, and Bernard François Couttolenc
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Serviços Hospitalares ,Avaliação de Serviços de Saúde ,Indicadores de Serviços ,Unidades Hospitalares ,Sistema Único de Saúde ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze if size, administrative level, legal status, type of unit and educational activity influence the hospital network performance in providing services to the Brazilian Unified Health System.METHODS This cross-sectional study evaluated data from the Hospital Information System and the Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (National Registry of Health Facilities), 2012, in Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. We calculated performance indicators, such as: the ratio of hospital employees per bed; mean amount paid for admission; bed occupancy rate; average length of stay; bed turnover index and hospital mortality rate. Data were expressed as mean and standard deviation. The groups were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni correction.RESULTS The hospital occupancy rate in small hospitals was lower than in medium, big and special-sized hospitals. Higher hospital occupancy rate and bed turnover index were observed in hospitals that include education in their activities. The hospital mortality rate was lower in specialized hospitals compared to general ones, despite their higher proportion of highly complex admissions. We found no differences between hospitals in the direct and indirect administration for most of the indicators analyzed.CONCLUSIONS The study indicated the importance of the scale effect on efficiency, and larger hospitals had a higher performance. Hospitals that include education in their activities had a higher operating performance, albeit with associated importance of using human resources and highly complex structures. Specialized hospitals had a significantly lower rate of mortality than general hospitals, indicating the positive effect of the volume of procedures and technology used on clinical outcomes. The analysis related to the administrative level and legal status did not show any significant performance differences between the categories of public hospitals.
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- 2015
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24. Treatment-resistant depression increases health costs and resource utilization Depressão resistente ao tratamento aumenta os custos e utilização de recursos
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Beatrice Alinka Lepine, Ricardo Alberto Moreno, Rodolfo Nunes Campos, and Bernard François Couttolenc
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Depressão ,Resistência ao tratamento ,Utilização de recursos ,Custos de tratamento ,Custos hospitalares ,Depression ,Treatment Resistance ,Resource Utilization ,Treatment Costs ,Hospital Costs ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a debilitating condition with a marked social impact. The impact of MDD and Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD+) within the Brazilian health system is largely unknown. The goal of this study was to compare resource utilization and costs of care for treatment-resistant MDD relative to non-treatment-resistant depression (TRD-). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 212 patients who had been diagnosed with MDD according to the ICD-10 criteria. Specific criteria were used to identify patients with TRD+. Resource utilization was estimated, and the consumption of medication was annualized. We obtained information on medical visits, procedures, hospitalizations, emergency department visits and medication use related or not to MDD. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 90 TRD+ and 122 TRD- patients. TRD+ patients used significantly more resources from the psychiatric service, but not from non-psychiatric clinics, compared to TRD- patients. Furthermore, TRD+ patients were significantly more likely to require hospitalizations. Overall, TRD+ patients imposed significantly higher (81.5%) annual costs compared to TRD- patients (R$ 5,520.85; US$ 3,075.34 vs. R$ 3,042.14; US$ 1,694.60). These findings demonstrate the burden of MDD, and especially of TRD+ patients, to the tertiary public health system. Our study should raise awareness of the impact of TRD+ and should be considered by policy makers when implementing public mental health initiatives.OBJETIVO: O Transtorno Depressivo Maior (TDM) é uma condição debilitante com um forte impacto social. O impacto do TDM e Depressão Resistente ao Tratamento (DRT+) no sistema de saúde brasileiro é praticamente desconhecido. Nosso objetivo é comparar a utilização de recursos e custos dos cuidados para o tratamento de DRT+ em relação ao TDM não resistente (DRT-). MÉTODOS: Foram analisados retrospectivamente os prontuários de 212 pacientes diagnosticados com TDM segundo a CID-10. Critérios específicos foram utilizados para identificar pacientes com DRT+. A utilização dos recursos foi estimada e consumo de medicamentos foram anualizados. Foram obtidas informações sobre consultas, procedimentos, internações, atendimentos no serviço de emergência e uso de medicação relacionada ou não ao TDM. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi composta de 90 pacientes DRT+ e 122 DRT-. Pacientes DRT+ utilizaram significativamente mais recursos do serviço de psiquiatria, mas não em clínicas não psiquiátricas, em relação a DRT-. Eles eram significativamente mais propensos a exigir internações. Pacientes DRT+ apresentaram um custo direto anual significativamente maior (81,5%) do que pacientes com depressão não resistente (R$ 5.520,85; US$ 3.075,34 contra R$ 3.042,14, US$ 1.694,60). Estes resultados demonstram o impacto do TDM, principalmente da DRT+ ao sistema de saúde público terciário. Nosso estudo deve aumentar a sensibilização para o impacto da DRT + e deve ser considerado pelos formuladores de políticas públicas na implementação de iniciativas de saúde mental.
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- 2012
25. D’une théorie de l’espace à la politique de la ville
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Bernard Francq
- Subjects
Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Published
- 2012
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26. Time course of night sleep EEG in the first year of life: a description based on automatic analysis
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I. Fagioli, Bernard Franc, Christine Dugovic, Hartmut Schulz, Piero Salzarulo, P. Baroncini, and Frederik Bes
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medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Computers ,General Neuroscience ,Infant, Newborn ,Brain ,Infant ,First year of life ,Electroencephalography ,Audiology ,Developmental psychology ,Quiet sleep ,Time course ,medicine ,Humans ,Night sleep ,Neurology (clinical) ,Sleep (system call) ,Psychology ,Sleep - Abstract
The aim of this study is to describe the time course of night sleep in the first year of life. Forty-eight infants aged between 1 and 54 weeks were polygraphically recorded for 1 night. The central occipital EEG derivation was processed with a lab computer in order to obtain every 30 sec an EEG parameter value. The parameter is based on the joint frequency-amplitude distribution of the EEG and displays fluctuations between 2 extreme levels, high voltage low frequency (HVLF) and low voltage high frequency (LVHF). The range of the fluctuations between HVLF and LVHF increases from the period of 1–6 weeks to the period of 7–14 weeks. A further increase of the parameter range occurs after 24 weeks, which remains restricted to the first half of the night. The recurrence time of LVHF and HVLF episodes (possibly corresponding to quiet sleep paradoxical sleep cycles) is about 56 min and does not change with age in the first year of life.
- Published
- 1988
27. Trois thèses en guise de contribution à une sociologie de la globalisation
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Bernard Francq and Geoffrey Pleyers
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Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Abstract
Movement, concept, processus, phenomenon – altermondialism is subject to many interpretations and investigations. The contributors, having briefly delimited their angles of approach, address themselves to the numerous special issues dedicated to the topic since 2002 highlighting three dimensions of the subject: its definition, networking and turmoils.
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- 2007
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28. Diagnostic accuracy of the Thessaly test, standardised clinical history and other clinical examination tests (Apley’s, McMurray’s and joint line tenderness) for meniscal tears in comparison with magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis
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Mark Blyth, Iain Anthony, Bernard Francq, Katriona Brooksbank, Paul Downie, Andrew Powell, Bryn Jones, Angus MacLean, Alex McConnachie, and John Norrie
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meniscal tear ,magnetic resonance imaging ,thessaly test ,apley’s test ,joint line tenderness test ,mcmurray’s test ,diagnostic accuracy ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Background: Reliable non-invasive diagnosis of meniscal tears is difficult. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used but is expensive and incidental findings are problematic. There are a number of physical examination tests for the diagnosis of meniscal tears that are simple, cheap and non-invasive. Objectives: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Thessaly test and to determine if the Thessaly test (alone or in combination with other physical tests) can obviate the need for further investigation by MRI or arthroscopy for patients with a suspected meniscal tear. Design: Single-centre prospective diagnostic accuracy study. Setting: Although the study was performed in a secondary care setting, it was designed to replicate the results that would have been achieved in a primary care setting. Participants: Two cohorts of patients were recruited: patients with knee pathology (n = 292) and a control cohort with no knee pathology (n = 75). Main outcome measures: Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of the Thessaly test in determining the presence of meniscal tears. Methods: Participants were assessed by both a primary care clinician and a musculoskeletal clinician. Both clinicians performed the Thessaly test, McMurray’s test, Apley’s test, joint line tenderness test and took a standardised clinical history from the patient. Results: The Thessaly test had a sensitivity of 0.66, a specificity of 0.39 and a diagnostic accuracy of 54% when utilised by primary care clinicians. This compared with a sensitivity of 0.62, a specificity of 0.55 and diagnostic accuracy of 59% when used by musculoskeletal clinicians. The diagnostics accuracy of the other tests when used by primary care clinicians was 54% for McMurray’s test, 53% for Apley’s test, 54% for the joint line tenderness test and 55% for clinical history. For primary care clinicians, age and past history of osteoarthritis were both significant predictors of MRI diagnosis of meniscal tears. For musculoskeletal clinicians age and a positive diagnosis of meniscal tears on clinical history taking were significant predictors of MRI diagnosis. No physical tests were significant predictors of MRI diagnosis in our multivariate models. The specificity of MRI diagnosis was tested in subgroup of patients who went on to have a knee arthroscopy and was found to be low [0.53 (95% confidence interval 0.28 to 0.77)], although the sensitivity was 1.0. Conclusions: The Thessaly test was no better at diagnosing meniscal tears than other established physical tests. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of all physical tests was too low to be of routine clinical value as an alternative to MRI. Caution needs to be exercised in the indiscriminate use of MRI scanning in the identification of meniscal tears in the diagnosis of the painful knee, due to the low specificity seen in the presence of concomitant knee pathology. Further research is required to determine the true diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness of MRI for the detection of meniscal tears. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trial ISRCTN43527822. Funding: The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
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- 2015
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29. Alexandra Bidet, L’engagement dans le travail. Qu’est-ce que le vrai boulot ?
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Bernard Francq
- Subjects
Labor. Work. Working class ,HD4801-8943 ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Published
- 2013
30. Modifications of hippocampal circuits and early disruption of adult neurogenesis in the tg2576 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
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Alice Krezymon, Kevin Richetin, Hélène Halley, Laurent Roybon, Jean-Michel Lassalle, Bernard Francès, Laure Verret, and Claire Rampon
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
At advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease, cognitive dysfunction is accompanied by severe alterations of hippocampal circuits that may largely underlie memory impairments. However, it is likely that anatomical remodeling in the hippocampus may start long before any cognitive alteration is detected. Using the well-described Tg2576 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease that develops progressive age-dependent amyloidosis and cognitive deficits, we examined whether specific stages of the disease were associated with the expression of anatomical markers of hippocampal dysfunction. We found that these mice develop a complex pattern of changes in their dentate gyrus with aging. Those include aberrant expression of neuropeptide Y and reduced levels of calbindin, reflecting a profound remodeling of inhibitory and excitatory circuits in the dentate gyrus. Preceding these changes, we identified severe alterations of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in Tg2576 mice. We gathered converging data in Tg2576 mice at young age, indicating impaired maturation of new neurons that may compromise their functional integration into hippocampal circuits. Thus, disruption of adult hippocampal neurogenesis occurred before network remodeling in this mouse model and therefore may account as an early event in the etiology of Alzheimer's pathology. Ultimately, both events may constitute key components of hippocampal dysfunction and associated cognitive deficits occurring in Alzheimer's disease.
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- 2013
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31. Copper chelator induced efficient episodic memory recovery in a non-transgenic Alzheimer's mouse model.
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Johnatan Ceccom, Frédéric Coslédan, Hélène Halley, Bernard Francès, Jean Michel Lassalle, and Bernard Meunier
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative syndrom involving many different biological parameters, including the accumulation of copper metal ions in Aβ amyloid peptides due to a perturbation of copper circulation and homeostasis within the brain. Copper-containing amyloids activated by endogenous reductants are able to generate an oxidative stress that is involved in the toxicity of abnormal amyloids and contribute to the progressive loss of neurons in AD. Since only few drugs are currently available for the treatment of AD, we decided to design small molecules able to interact with copper and we evaluated these drug-candidates with non-transgenic mice, since AD is mainly an aging disease, not related to genetic disorders. We created a memory deficit mouse model by a single icv injection of Aβ(1-42) peptide, in order to mimic the early stage of the disease and the key role of amyloid oligomers in AD. No memory deficit was observed in the control mice with the antisense Aβ(42-1) peptide. Here we report the capacity of a new copper-specific chelating agent, a bis-8-aminoquinoline PA1637, to fully reverse the deficit of episodic memory after three weeks of treatment by oral route on non-transgenic amyloid-impaired mice. Clioquinol and memantine have been used as comparators to validate this fast and efficient mouse model.
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- 2012
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32. Retour sur Sociologie de l'expérience
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Bernard Francq
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cohésion ,domination ,épistémologie ,évolution des paradigmes ,expérience ,idée de société ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Published
- 2010
33. An alarm pheromone modulates appetitive olfactory learning in the honeybee (Apis mellifera)
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Elodie Urlacher, Bernard Francés, Martin Giurfa, and Jean-Marc Devaud
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Learning ,insect ,stress ,pheromone ,Honeybee ,modulation ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
In honeybees, associative learning is embedded in a social context as bees possess a highly complex social organization in which communication among individuals is mediated by dance behavior informing about food sources, and by a high variety of pheromones that maintain the social links between individuals of a hive. Proboscis extension response (PER) conditioning is a case of appetitive learning, in which harnessed bees learn to associate odor stimuli with sucrose reward in the laboratory. Despite its recurrent use as a tool for uncovering the behavioral, cellular and molecular bases underlying associative learning, the question of whether social signals (pheromones) affect appetitive learning has not been addressed in this experimental framework. This situation contrasts with reports underlining that foraging activity of bees is modulated by alarm pheromones released in the presence of a potential danger. Here, we show that appetitive learning is impaired by the sting alarm pheromone (SAP) which, when released by guards, recruits foragers to defend the hive. This effect is mimicked by the main component of SAP, isopentyl acetate (IPA), is dose-dependent and lasts up to 24h. Learning impairment is specific to alarm signal exposure and is independent of the odorant used for conditioning. Our results suggest that learning impairment may be a response to the biological significance of SAP as an alarm signal, which would detract bees from responding to any appetitive stimuli in a situation in which such responses would be of secondary importance.
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- 2010
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34. Logement et politique publique en Belgique
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Bernard Francq, Olivier Masson, and Stéphane Patart
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Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Abstract
En Belgique, grâce à un financement fédéral, un programme d’intervention – axé sur les villes confrontées aux problèmes des quartiers en difficulté – s’est mis en place. Entre 2005 et 2008, des contrats de ville et des contrats logement ont été conclus afin de permettre aux villes et communes de définir un ensemble de projets contractualisés. Après avoir analysé les orientations majeures des contrats logement, l’évaluation cherche à en mesurer les effets tant au niveau de la visibilité qu’à celui des difficultés rencontrées par le pilotage du programme. En conclusion, les auteurs soulignent les limites inhérentes à une politique qui reste sectorisée et qui, au-delà des appels à une politique de proximité, est révélatrice des déficits organisationnels et démocratiques dans la gestion urbaine.
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- 2010
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35. Brussel en cultuur
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Jean-Louis Genard, Eric Corijn, Bernard Francq, and Christine Schaut
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Social Sciences - Published
- 2009
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36. Bruxelles et la culture
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Jean-Louis Genard, Eric Corijn, Bernard Francq, and Christine Schaut
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culture ,Social Sciences - Published
- 2009
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37. Brussels and culture
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Jean-Louis Genard, Eric Corijn, Bernard Francq, and Christine Schaut
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culture ,Social Sciences - Published
- 2009
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38. Costs of care provided in a university hospital for children exposed to or infected with the HIV/AIDS Custos da atenção à saúde das crianças expostas ou infectadas por HIV/AIDS atendidas em um hospital universitário
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Heloisa Helena de Sousa Marques, Bernard François Couttolenc, Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre, Maria Zilda de Aquino, Maria Ignez Garcia Aveiro, and Ana Maria Aratangy Pluciennik
- Subjects
HIV ,Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida ,Custos de Cuidados de Saúde ,Cuidado da Criança ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Health Care Costs ,Child Care ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The objective of this study was to estimate and analyze the costs of treating children with HIV/AIDS at a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. The study collected and analyzed data from 291 medical records of children treated at the hospital as of March 2002. The costs of treatment were estimated for each category of patient (exposed and infected) and severity, based on the quantity of inputs and procedures used in treating each child, based on the cost accounting system used at the hospital. The total cost of treatment for children exposed to the HIV was R$ 956.41 and for those infected with HIV R$ 8,092.71 per year. The mean cost of ambulatory care was R$ 6,047.28 for children with severe conditions, R$ 3,714.45 for those with light/moderate conditions, and R$ 948.63 for the exposed. Hospitalized children had annual costs of R$ 19,353.34, R$ 18,823.16, and R$ 871.03, respectively. The medication was a major factor in the cost of treatment. Our estimates are comparable to the findings from other studies, but lower than corresponding findings from the international literature.O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar e analisar os custos de tratamento da criança com HIV/AIDS em um hospital universitário de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram analisados 291 prontuários de crianças expostas ou infectadas acompanhadas no Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, em março de 2002. O custo foi estimado por categoria de paciente (exposta e infectada) e nível de gravidade (graves e leves/moderados), com base na quantidade de procedimentos e insumos utilizados no tratamento, e valorizado monetariamente por meio do sistema de apuração de custos existente no Instituto da Criança. O custo total estimado de tratamento da criança exposta ao HIV foi de R$ 956,41 e da criança infectada de R$ 8.092,71 por ano. O custo do tratamento ambulatorial foi de R$ 6.047,28, R$ 3.714,45 e R$ 948,63, respectivamente para os pacientes infectados graves, leves/moderados e para as crianças expostas, e o custo médio de internação foi de R$ 19.353,34, R$ 18.823,16 e R$ 871,03, respectivamente. O custo foi fortemente influenciado pelo consumo de medicamentos e comparável aos obtidos pelos demais estudos publicados, embora inferior ao estimado em estudos internacionais.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Barrère Anne, Martuccelli Danilo, Le roman comme laboratoire
- Author
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Bernard Francq
- Subjects
Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Utilization of HIV/AIDS treatment services: comparing injecting drug users and other clients
- Author
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Angelita Cristine de Melo, Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa, Cibele Comini César, Ricardo Vieira Dantas, and Bernard François Couttolenc
- Subjects
health services ,hiv ,acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ,street drugs ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
This study compared healthcare utilization by injection drug users (IDUs) and non-IDUs. Data were abstracted from patients' medical records, admitted on HIV/AIDS treatment centers, between 1986 and 2002, forming a non-concurrent cohort study. Variables included: sociodemographics, HIV/AIDS exposure group, healthcare utilization (consultations, procedures, and prescriptions). Descriptive analyses included age-period and cohort effects. Out of 170 patients, with an average age of 30 years, 39.4% were IDUs, 71.8% were males and had low levels of education. At the first consultation, 86.5% neither received an ARV prescription nor had a request for CD4 or viral load. Injection drug users, as compared to non-IDUs, were less likely to receive ARV prescriptions and requests for CD4 lymphocyte and viral load counts, even though the number of consultations did not differ between the two groups. Healthcare utilization increased in calendar-year in the non-IDUs group, parallel to the implementation of the Brazilian health policy of universal care. However, this favorable trend was not observed among IDUs. Differential outcomes for HIV/AIDS among IDUs, towards worse prognosis, suggest difficulties in terms of adherence and follow-up of ARV therapy in this population.
41. Utilization of HIV/AIDS treatment services: comparing injecting drug users and other clients
- Author
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Angelita Cristine de Melo, Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa, Cibele Comini César, Ricardo Vieira Dantas, and Bernard François Couttolenc
- Subjects
Serviços de Saúde ,HIV ,Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida ,Drogas Ilícitas ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
This study compared healthcare utilization by injection drug users (IDUs) and non-IDUs. Data were abstracted from patients' medical records, admitted on HIV/AIDS treatment centers, between 1986 and 2002, forming a non-concurrent cohort study. Variables included: sociodemographics, HIV/AIDS exposure group, healthcare utilization (consultations, procedures, and prescriptions). Descriptive analyses included age-period and cohort effects. Out of 170 patients, with an average age of 30 years, 39.4% were IDUs, 71.8% were males and had low levels of education. At the first consultation, 86.5% neither received an ARV prescription nor had a request for CD4 or viral load. Injection drug users, as compared to non-IDUs, were less likely to receive ARV prescriptions and requests for CD4 lymphocyte and viral load counts, even though the number of consultations did not differ between the two groups. Healthcare utilization increased in calendar-year in the non-IDUs group, parallel to the implementation of the Brazilian health policy of universal care. However, this favorable trend was not observed among IDUs. Differential outcomes for HIV/AIDS among IDUs, towards worse prognosis, suggest difficulties in terms of adherence and follow-up of ARV therapy in this population.
42. Intertextualité et symbolisation : la poétique d'Arthur Symons
- Author
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Micéala Symington and Bernard Franco
- Subjects
Language and Literature - Abstract
L’étude envisage les aspects, significations et enjeux poétiques de l’intertextualité chez Symons : allusions ou références aux textes antiques, traductions ou réécritures (parfois allusives), retraitement de sujets mythologiques avec des références précises à des traitements antérieurs. Dans tous les cas, ces jeux d’intertextualité visent à mettre à distance le référent, à l’abolir en quelque sorte derrière l’écran formé par un objet littéraire. Cette intertextualité irradiante s’érige en pratique poétique par excellence dans la mesure où l’objet resymbolisé est en définitive la poésie elle-même.
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