Search

Inom elitfotboll utvärderas fysisk prestation på spelplanen med hjälp av global positioning systems (GPS:er). På lägre nivåer används istället tester av fysisk kapacitet, såsom Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2 (YYIR2), som prediktor av fysisk matchprestation. Det är dock oklart om prestation på YYIR2 har något samband med fysisk prestation under fotbollsmatcher. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om det fanns korrelationer mellan prestation på YYIR2 och fysiska matchprestationsparametrar mot slutet av fotbollsmatcher. Nio manliga fotbollsspelare (medelvärde ± SD: ålder = 24.2 ± 3.8 år; längd = 184 ± 5.4 cm; vikt = 78.9 ± 4.6 kg) tillhörande ett elitlag på seniornivå i det svenska seriesystemet deltog i studien. Data från fem fysiska parametrar samlades in från 28 matcher under säsongen 2020 med STATSport Apex 10 Hz GPS-system. YYIR2 genomfördes av samtliga spelare under försäsongen. Korrelationer mellan prestation på YYIR2 och alla matchparametrar undersöktes genom Spearman’s rho korrelationsanalys. En signifikant negativ korrelation observerades mellan YYIR2 och andelen accelerationer (r = -0.812, p = 0.008). Inga signifikanta korrelationer observerades mellan YYIR2 och total distans (r = 0.059, p = 0.881),höghastighetslöpningar (r = -0.437, p = 0.240), sprinter (r = -0.268, p = 0.486) eller decelerationer (r = -0.360, p = 0.342). Resultaten indikerar på att YYIR2 är en dålig prediktor på spelarnas förväntade fysiska prestation i slutet av fotbollsmatcher. Resultaten ska dock tolkas med försiktighet på grund av låg statistisk power. Framtida studier bör undersöka påverkan av spelares position på den här typen av korrelationer. In elite football, physical performance during matches is evaluated using global positioning systems (GPSs). At lower levels, tests of physical capacity, such as the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2 (YYIR2), are used to predict physical match performance. It is however unclear whether YYIR2 performance is associated with physical match performance. This study investigated potential correlations between YYIR2 performance and physical match parameters towards the end of football matches.Nine male football players (mean ± SD: age = 24.2 ± 3.8 years; height = 184 ± 5.4 cm; weight = 78.9 ± 4.6 kg) of an elite Swedish football team participated. Data from five physical parameters were collected from 28 matches during the 2020 season with the STATSport Apex 10 Hz GPS system. YYIR2 was performed by all players during pre-season. Correlations between YYIR2 performance and each physical match parameter were analysed using Spearman's rho.A significant negative correlation was observed between YYIR2 and the proportion of accelerations (r = -0.812, p = 0.008). No significant correlations were observed between YYIR2 and total distance (r = 0.059, p = 0.881), high-speed runs (r = -0.437, p = 0.240), sprints (r = -0.268, p = 0.486) or decelerations (r = -0.360, p = 0.342).Results indicate that the YYIR2 is a poor predictor of physical performance towards the end of football matches. The results should however be interpreted with caution due to low statistical power. Future research should investigate the influence of playing position on such correlations.

Undersökningens mål var att reda på huruvida musikaliska klichéer kan påverka människors perception av olika miljöer. Information om klichéer och musikaliska element från barocken, kinesisk musik, och afrikansk musik samt annan relevant forskning användes som arbetets bakgrund. Frågeställningen blev: Hur kan musikaliska klichéer i spel påverka spelarens uppfattning av miljöer? Tre musikstycken innehållande klichéer komponerades och lades därefter in i ett enkelt spel där musiken var utplacerad på olika ställen. Fyra respondenter fick först spela igenom spelet och sedan svara på intervjufrågor gällande spelupplevelsen. Resultatet visade på att musikaliska klichéer kan påverka uppfattningen av spelmiljöer. Ett flertal av respondenterna gav liknande svar under intervjuerna. Undersökningen skulle kunna utökas genom att lägga till fler kompositioner inspirerade av andra länder. Det hade även varit intressant att utöka antalet undersökningsdeltagare för att få reda på om resultatet hade varit detsamma, eller om det hade synts skillnader.

Undersökningens mål var att reda på huruvida musikaliska klichéer kan påverka människors perception av olika miljöer. Information om klichéer och musikaliska element från barocken, kinesisk musik, och afrikansk musik samt annan relevant forskning användes som arbetets bakgrund. Frågeställningen blev: Hur kan musikaliska klichéer i spel påverka spelarens uppfattning av miljöer? Tre musikstycken innehållande klichéer komponerades och lades därefter in i ett enkelt spel där musiken var utplacerad på olika ställen. Fyra respondenter fick först spela igenom spelet och sedan svara på intervjufrågor gällande spelupplevelsen. Resultatet visade på att musikaliska klichéer kan påverka uppfattningen av spelmiljöer. Ett flertal av respondenterna gav liknande svar under intervjuerna. Undersökningen skulle kunna utökas genom att lägga till fler kompositioner inspirerade av andra länder. Det hade även varit intressant att utöka antalet undersökningsdeltagare för att få reda på om resultatet hade varit detsamma, eller om det hade synts skillnader.

Detta examensarbete har som syfte att belysa förskollärares erfarenheter i arbetet med förskolebarn i sorg. Förhoppningarna är att få en fördjupad förståelse om vad som kan påverka arbetet. De frågeställningar som ställts genomsyrar yrkesverksammas upplevelser, vilket arbetssätt som tillämpas och vad som kan påverka arbetet med barn i sorg. Bakgrunden presenterar tidigare forskning, litteratur inom området och styrlagar som berör arbetet med barn i sorg. En kvalitativ metod innefattande intervjuer har använts där sex förskollärare och två rektorer inom förskolan, har återspeglat sina upplevelser av barn i sorg. I resultatet presenteras informanternas erfarenheter, arbetssätt med barn i sorg och vikten i samarbetet med vårdnadshavare samt andra resurser inom området. I diskussion och slutsats argumenterar vi om trygghet i förskolan, bearbetningsprocessen, sanningsenliga samtal om döden, påverkan i arbetet med barn som förlorat en närstående samt barns reaktioner. Här diskuteras även krisplaner och resurser som pedagoger har till förfogande.

This paper describes our efforts to implement the Research Core Dataset (“Kerndatensatz Forschung”; KDSF) as an ontology in VIVO. KDSF is used in VIVO to record the required metadata on incoming data and to produce reports as an output. While both processes need an elaborate adaptation of the KDSF specification, this paper focusses on the adaptation of the KDSF basic data model for recording data in VIVO. In this context, the VIVO and KDSF ontologies were compared with respect to domain, syntax, structure, and granularity in order to identify correspondences and mismatches. To produce an alignment, different matching approaches have been applied. Furthermore, we made necessary modifications and extensions on KDSF classes and properties.

Bakgrund: Infrastruktur och hur vi väljer att bygga våra städer styr befolkningens aktivitetsmönster. Infrastrukturen och tekniken har utvecklats i samhället och gett alternativa tillvägagångssätt att ta sig upp och ner mellan olika våningsplan. Fler människor väljer rulltrapporna och hissen före trapporna och går miste om de positiva effekterna som är kopplade till vardaglig trappgång. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka om det gick att påverka människors beteende att ta trappan istället för rulltrappan, genom att förändra miljön med en trappmålning. Metod: Studien var en prospektiv, kvasiexperimentell, deskriptiv interventionsstudie med ett konsekutivt urval. De personer som passerade trapporna/rulltrapporna under en förutbestämd tidsperiod studerades. Mätningarna gjordes med hjälp av ett system för trafikmätningar(OTUS3D) och pågick under tre veckor. Först mättes en baseline under vecka ett, målning av trappan under vecka två samt mätning för interventionen vecka tre. Resultatsammanfattning: Denna studie visade ingen förbättring gällande beteendeförändring hos fotgängare. Den statistiska signifikanta minskningen av fotgängare i trappan kan ha sin förklaring i de stora antalet deltagare i studien. Slutsats: Det finns många olösta frågor om vad som påverkar människors beteende i deras dagliga liv. Antalet faktorer är större än den här studien har testat. Andra interventioner i form av annat motiv eller arkitekturell utformning kan ge andra resultat. Background: Infrastructure and how we choose to build our cities control the population's patterns of activity. Infrastructure and technology have evolved into society and provided alternative approaches to get up and down between different floors. More people choose the escalators and the elevator before the stairs and miss out on the positive effects that are connected to everyday stairwells. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate whether it could affect people's behavior to take the stairs instead of the escalator, by changing the environment with a stairway painting. Method: The study was a prospective, quasi-experimental, descriptive intervention study with a consecutive selection. The people who passed the stairs / escalators for a predetermined period of time were studied. The measurements were made using a traffic measurement system (OTUS3D) and lasted for three weeks. First, a baseline was measured during week one, painting the staircase during week two, and measurement for the intervention week three. Summary of results: This study showed no improvement in behavioral change in pedestrians. The statistically significant decrease of pedestrians in the stairs can be explained by the large number of participants in the study. Conclusion: There are many unresolved questions about what affects people's behavior in their daily lives. The number of factors is greater than this study has tested. Other interventions in the form of another motive or architectural design may produce other results.

Ozone treatment of pollutants in air is a relatively young technology with limited literature available. To the authors knowledge no literature discussing simulations of commercial ozone treatment without UV-lamps in gas phase has been published up to this point.The purpose of this project was to identify issues and propose recommendations related to the distribution of ozone in industrial ducting and the injection of ozone into commercial ducting. The injection rate of the ozone mixture is small relative to the flow of the treated air stream. In such cases ozone is easily swept away and confined to a limited section of the ducts, affecting overall efficiency. The injection inlet and ducting were simulated together in both 2D and 3D environments using COMSOL Multi-physics with CFD, CAD and transport of diluted species modules.Improving mixing in industrial ducting was simple in comparison to the commercial ducting where the flow is complex. For the commercial application simulations showed that the mixing efficiency varies greatly between injection positions. Based on CFD data in the commercial ducting two models for injection point analysis were developed.2D and 3D simulations showed different result for injections inside the main duct, the 3D case could properly simulate rotating flows inside the main duct which makes certain injection points in the main duct more effective that predicted in 2D.This master thesis project was done in cooperation between Royal Institute of Technology and Ozonetech in Sweden.

Distributed denial of service attacks pose a serious threat to the availability of the network infrastructures and services. GE̿ANT, the pan-European network with terabit capacities witnesses close to hundreds of DDoS attacks on a daily basis. The reason is that DDoS attacks are getting larger, more sophisticated and frequent. At the same time, it has never been easier to execute DDoS attacks, e.g., Booter services offer paying customers without any technical knowledge the possibility to perform DDoS attacks as a service. Given the increasing size, frequency and complexity of DDoS attacks, there is a need to perform a collaborative mitigation. Therefore, we developed (i) a DDoSDB to share real attack data and allow collaborators to query, compare, and download attacks, (ii) the Security attack experimentation framework to test mitigation and response capabilities and (iii) a collaborative mitigation and response process among trusted partners to disseminate security event information. In addition to these developments, we present and would like to discuss our latest research results with experienced networking operators and bridging the gap between academic research and operational business.

Organised behaviour in disaster can be distinguished by looking at the organisation's post disaster structure and tasks. While past research seemingly has taken a multi-organisational perspective we have used organised behaviour as analytical tool in a case study of the Swedish fire and rescue service to focus on analysing one organisation and sub organisations within this. We argue that different co-existing organised behaviour can affect the conditions for achieving direction and coordination among the resources within one organisation, and have identified challenges deriving from empirical data. Further, while we see how organised behaviour may be useful as analytical tool we distinguish two central issues; the difficulty in making transparent analytical choices when selecting objects of analysis and the shortcoming of not being able to find organised behaviour beyond the four categories.

Insurance companies offer business and individuals the possibility to reduce the financial impact of a risk occurring by transferring it away from themselves onto someone. For taking on risk on behalf of someone else the insurance company requires a premium from the policyholder which is pooled and invested in order to meet future obligations towards the policyholder. However, the importance of the European insurance industry goes beyond economic protection of the policyholder as the industry with its EUR8.4 trillion or 58 percent of EU GDP in assets is the largest institutional investor in Europe. As the financial system has undergone dramatic transformation over time, so have the role and function of intermediaries changed. While traditional tasks like reducing transaction costs and asymmetric information became less relevant, facilitating of risk transfer and dealing with the increasing breadth and depth of financial markets are gaining more and more importance. While insurers have been able to hold illiquid asset to a larger extent arguments from the industry are made that the planned introduction of Solvency II will limit insurers and overlook their investment abilities, which is something that can affect the region’s economic development. The above mention aspect combined with the limited research that has been conducted on insurers’ asset allocation and the performance of it resulted in the following research question: Does asset allocation impact insurance company's performance? The question focuses on insurers within the European Union (EU) which is enlarged by the European Economic Area (EEA) and Switzerland, where performance is measured as the return on investment (ROI). To answer the research question in the best possible way, relevant theories such as Modern Portfolio Theory or Efficient Market Hypothesis are presented and discussed as well as previous research on asset allocation. Earlier studies about asset allocation policy and its power to explain the investment return came to different conclusions which can be due to variation in the interpretation of the findings or difficulties by distinguishing between asset allocation policy and active asset allocation. Census is used to investigate in the topic as the population of listed insurance companies within the selected region was rather small which finally came down to 42 firms due to the timeframe of 11 years. Data regarding insurer’s asset class weights in debt securities, equity, real estate, derivatives, cash and equivalent, loans and receivables and the category of others were collected. The return on investment was also collected for each year of the time period and for each insurance company. Benchmarks were constructed in order to replicate what the return of a passive investment of the same proportion would have yielded. The result was inconclusive as it was not possible to determine if asset allocation policy or active management have the greatest impact on the return on investment. This is contradicting previous research of asset allocation and performance as researchers have found that asset allocation policy explains most or all of the return.