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2. A method for supervoxel-wise association studies of age and other non-imaging variables from coronary computed tomography angiograms

Author

Öfverstedt, Johan, Lundström, Elin, Bergström, Göran, Kullberg, Joel, and Ahlström, Håkan

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, I.4.7, I.4.9
Abstract

The study of associations between an individual's age and imaging and non-imaging data is an active research area that attempts to aid understanding of the effects and patterns of aging. In this work we have conducted a supervoxel-wise association study between both volumetric and tissue density features in coronary computed tomography angiograms and the chronological age of a subject, to understand the localized changes in morphology and tissue density with age. To enable a supervoxel-wise study of volume and tissue density, we developed a novel method based on image segmentation, inter-subject image registration, and robust supervoxel-based correlation analysis, to achieve a statistical association study between the images and age. We evaluate the registration methodology in terms of the Dice coefficient for the heart chambers and myocardium, and the inverse consistency of the transformations, showing that the method works well in most cases with high overlap and inverse consistency. In a sex-stratified study conducted on a subset of $n=1388$ images from the SCAPIS study, the supervoxel-wise analysis was able to find localized associations with age outside of the commonly segmented and analyzed sub-regions, and several substantial differences between the sexes in the association of age and volume., Comment: 35 pages

Published
2024

3. Cardiac biomarkers for detection of coronary artery disease in the community

Author

Lind, Lars, Alfredsson, Joakim, Andersson, Jonas S. O., Andersson, Therese, Bergström, Göran, Ekblom, Örjan, Fagman, Erika, Fall, Tove, Hagström, Emil, Isholth, Hannes Holm, Janzon, Magnus, Jernberg, Tomas, Katsoularis, Ioannis, Leander, Karin, Leósdóttir, Margrét, Magnusson, Martin, Malinovschi, Andrei, Rosengren, Annika, GustavSmith, J., Spaak, Jonas, Svensson, Per, Söderberg, Stefan, Östgren, Carl Johan, and Engström, Gunnar

Published
2024
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9. Pulmonary function and atherosclerosis in the general population: causal associations and clinical implications

Author

Engström, Gunnar, Lampa, Erik, Dekkers, Koen, Lin, Yi-Ting, Ahlm, Kristin, Ahlström, Håkan, Alfredsson, Joakim, Bergström, Göran, Blomberg, Anders, Brandberg, John, Caidahl, Kenneth, Cederlund, Kerstin, Duvernoy, Olov, Engvall, Jan E., Eriksson, Maria J., Fall, Tove, Gigante, Bruna, Gummesson, Anders, Hagström, Emil, Hamrefors, Viktor, Hedner, Jan, Janzon, Magnus, Jernberg, Tomas, Johnson, Linda, Lind, Lars, Lindberg, Eva, Mannila, Maria, Nilsson, Ulf, Persson, Anders, Persson, Hans Lennart, Persson, Margaretha, Ramnemark, Anna, Rosengren, Annika, Schmidt, Caroline, Skoglund Larsson, Linn, Sköld, C. Magnus, Swahn, Eva, Söderberg, Stefan, Torén, Kjell, Waldenström, Anders, Wollmer, Per, Zaigham, Suneela, Östgren, Carl Johan, and Sundström, Johan

Published
2024
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13. Coronary Plaque in People With HIV vs Non-HIV Asymptomatic Community and Symptomatic Higher-Risk Populations

Author

Karady, Julia, Lu, Michael T., Bergström, Göran, Mayrhofer, Thomas, Taron, Jana, Foldyna, Borek, Paradis, Kayla, McCallum, Sara, Aberg, Judith A., Currier, Judith S., Fitch, Kathleen V., Fulda, Evelynne S., Bloomfield, Gerald S., Overton, Edgar T., Lind, Lars, Östgren, Carl Johan, Elvstam, Olof, Söderberg, Stefan, Jernberg, Tomas, Pepe, Rosalie, Dubé, Michael P., Mushatt, David, Fichtenbaum, Carl J., Malvestutto, Carlos, Zanni, Markella V., Hoffmann, Udo, Ribaudo, Heather, Grinspoon, Steven K., and Douglas, Pamela S.

Published
2024
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17. Prevalence of atherosclerosis in individuals with prediabetes and diabetes compared to normoglycaemic individuals—a Swedish population-based study

Author

Östgren, Carl Johan, Otten, Julia, Festin, Karin, Angerås, Oskar, Bergström, Göran, Cederlund, Kerstin, Engström, Gunnar, Eriksson, Maria J., Eriksson, Mats, Fall, Tove, Gummesson, Anders, Hagström, Emil, Hellman, Urban, James, Stefan K., Jernberg, Tomas, Kihlberg, Johan, Kylhammar, David, Markstad, Hanna, Nilsson, Peter, Persson, Anders, Persson, Margaretha, Pirazzi, Carlo, Renklint, Rebecka, Rosengren, Annika, Söderberg, Stefan, and Sundström, Johan

Published
2023
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22. Accelerometer-based physical activity is associated with the gut microbiota in 8416 individuals in SCAPIS

Author

Baldanzi, Gabriel, Sayols-Baixeras, Sergi, Ekblom-Bak, Elin, Ekblom, Örjan, Dekkers, Koen F., Hammar, Ulf, Nguyen, Diem, Ahmad, Shafqat, Ericson, Ulrika, Arvidsson, Daniel, Börjesson, Mats, Johanson, Peter J., Smith, J. Gustav, Bergström, Göran, Lind, Lars, Engström, Gunnar, Ärnlöv, Johan, Kennedy, Beatrice, Orho-Melander, Marju, and Fall, Tove

Published
2024
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25. OSA Is Associated With the Human Gut Microbiota Composition and Functional Potential in the Population-Based Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study

Author

Baldanzi, Gabriel, Sayols-Baixeras, Sergi, Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, Dekkers, Koen F., Hammar, Ulf, Nguyen, Diem, Lin, Yi-Ting, Ahmad, Shafqat, Holm, Jacob Bak, Nielsen, Henrik Bjørn, Brunkwall, Louise, Benedict, Christian, Cedernaes, Jonathan, Koskiniemi, Sanna, Phillipson, Mia, Lind, Lars, Sundström, Johan, Bergström, Göran, Engström, Gunnar, Smith, J. Gustav, Orho-Melander, Marju, Ärnlöv, Johan, Kennedy, Beatrice, Lindberg, Eva, and Fall, Tove

Published
2023
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28. Body weight at age 20 and in midlife is more important than weight gain for coronary atherosclerosis: Results from SCAPIS

Author

Bergström, Göran, Rosengren, Annika, Bacsovics Brolin, Elin, Brandberg, John, Cederlund, Kerstin, Engström, Gunnar, Engvall, Jan E., Eriksson, Maria J., Gonçalves, Isabel, Hagström, Emil, James, Stefan K., Jernberg, Tomas, Lilja, Mikael, Magnusson, Martin, Persson, Anders, Persson, Margaretha, Sandström, Anette, Schmidt, Caroline, Skoglund Larsson, Linn, Sundström, Johan, Swahn, Eva, Söderberg, Stefan, Torén, Kjell, Östgren, Carl Johan, Lampa, Erik, and Lind, Lars

Published
2023
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29. Obesity is associated with coronary artery stenosis independently of metabolic risk factors: The population-based SCAPIS study

Author

Lind, Lars, Markstad, Hanna, Ahlström, Håkan, Angerås, Oskar, Brandberg, John, Brunström, Mattias, Engström, Gunnar, Engvall, Jan E., Eriksson, Maria J., Eriksson, Mats, Gottsäter, Anders, Hagström, Emil, Krachler, Benno, Lampa, Erik, Mannila, Maria, Nilsson, Peter M., Nyström, Fredrik H., Persson, Anders, Redfors, Björn, Sandström, Anette, Themudo, Raquel, Völz, Sebastian, Ärnlöv, Johan, Östgren, Carl Johan, and Bergström, Göran

Published
2022
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32. Chronic Airflow Limitation, Emphysema, and Impaired Diffusing Capacity in Relation to Smoking Habits in a Swedish Middle-aged Population.

Author

Blomberg, Anders, Torén, Kjell, Liv, Per, Granåsen, Gabriel, Andersson, Anders, Behndig, Annelie, Bergström, Göran, Brandberg, John, Caidahl, Kenneth, Cederlund, Kerstin, Egesten, Arne, Ekström, Magnus, Eriksson, Maria J., Hagström, Emil, Janson, Christer, Jernberg, Tomas, Kylhammar, David, Lind, Lars, Lindberg, Anne, and Lindberg, Eva

Subjects
FORCED expiratory volume, CHRONIC obstructive pulmonary disease, SMOKING, VITAL capacity (Respiration), PULMONARY emphysema, LUNGS
Abstract

Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes respiratory symptoms and chronic airflow limitation (CAL). In some cases, emphysema and impaired diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DlCO) are present, but characteristics and symptoms vary with smoking exposure. Objective: To study the prevalence of CAL, emphysema, and impaired DlCO in relation to smoking and respiratory symptoms in a middle-aged population. Methods: We investigated 28,746 randomly invited individuals (52% women) aged 50–64 years across six Swedish sites. We performed spirometry, DlCO testing, and high-resolution computed tomography and asked for smoking habits and respiratory symptoms. CAL was defined as post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second divided by forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) < 0.7. Results: The overall prevalence was 8.8% for CAL, 5.7% for impaired DlCO (DlCO < LLN), and 8.8% for emphysema, with a higher prevalence in current smokers than in ex-smokers and never-smokers. The proportion of never-smokers among those with CAL, emphysema, and impaired DlCO was 32%, 19%, and 31%, respectively. Regardless of smoking habits, the prevalence of respiratory symptoms was higher among people with CAL and impaired DlCO than those with normal lung function. Asthma prevalence in never-smokers with CAL was 14%. In this group, asthma was associated with lower FEV1 and more respiratory symptoms. Conclusions: In this large population-based study of middle-aged people, CAL and impaired DlCO were associated with common respiratory symptoms. Self-reported asthma was not associated with CAL in never-smokers. Our findings suggest that CAL in never-smokers signifies a separate clinical phenotype that may be monitored and, possibly, treated differently from smoking-related COPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. Streptococcus Species Abundance in the Gut Is Linked to Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in 8973 Participants From the SCAPIS Cohort

Author

Sayols-Baixeras, Sergi, Dekkers, Koen F., Baldanzi, Gabriel, Jönsson, Daniel, Hammar, Ulf, Lin, Yi-Ting, Ahmad, Shafqat, Nguyen, Diem, Varotsis, Georgios, Pita, Sara, Nielsen, Nynne, Eklund, Aron C., Holm, Jacob B., Nielsen, H. Bjørn, Ericson, Ulrika, Brunkwall, Louise, Ottosson, Filip, Larsson, Anna, Ericson, Dan, Klinge, Björn, Nilsson, Peter M., Malinovschi, Andrei, Lind, Lars, Bergström, Göran, Sundström, Johan, Ärnlöv, Johan, Engström, Gunnar, Smith, J. Gustav, Orho-Melander, Marju, and Fall, Tove

Published
2023
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37. The alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist PHA 568487 dampens inflammation in PBMCs from patients with newly discovered coronary artery disease.

Author

Mjörnstedt, Filip, Wilhelmsson, Rebecka, Ulleryd, Marcus, Hammarlund, Maria, Bergström, Göran, Gummesson, Anders, and Johansson, Maria E.

Subjects
NICOTINIC acetylcholine receptors, MONONUCLEAR leukocytes, ARTERITIS, CORONARY artery disease, INFLAMMATION, ATHEROSCLEROTIC plaque
Abstract

The alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) regulates inflammation in experimental models and is expressed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in human atherosclerotic plaques. However, its role in regulating inflammation in patients with cardiovascular disease is unknown. This study aims to investigate whether α7nAChR stimulation can reduce the inflammatory response in PBMCs from patients with newly diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD). Human PBMCs, extracted from patients with verified CAD (n = 38) and control participants with healthy vessels (n = 38), were challenged in vitro with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in combination with the α7nAChR agonist PHA 568487. Cytokine levels of the supernatants were analyzed using a multiplex immunoassay. Patients in the CAD group were reexamined after 6 mo. The immune response to LPS did not differ between PBMCs from control and CAD groups. α7nAChR stimulation decreased TNFα in both control and CAD groups. The most pronounced effect of α7nAChR stimulation was observed in patients with CAD at their first visit, where 15 of 17 cytokines were decreased [IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-17A, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, MCP-1, MIP-1β, and TNFα]. In conclusion, stimulation with α7nAChR agonist PHA 568487 dampens the inflammatory response in human PBMCs. This finding suggests that the anti-inflammatory properties of the α7nAChR may have a role in treating CAD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY: The α7nAChR is an important regulator of inflammation; however, its anti-inflammatory function in patients with newly diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. We demonstrate that stimulation of α7nAChR with PHA 568487 attenuates the inflammatory response in immune cells extracted from healthy controls and patients with newly diagnosed CAD, with a more pronounced effect observed in patients with CAD. This suggests that the anti-inflammatory properties of α7nAChR may have a role in treating chronic inflammatory diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Fitness-related physical activity intensity explains most of the association between accelerometer data and cardiometabolic health in persons 50–64 years old.

Author

Fridolfsson, Jonatan, Ekblom-Bak, Elin, Ekblom, Örjan, Bergström, Göran, Arvidsson, Daniel, and Börjesson, Mats

Subjects
PARTIAL least squares regression, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors, STRUCTURAL equation modeling, NUTRITION, MAJOR adverse cardiovascular events, CARDIOPULMONARY fitness, PEER review of students
Published
2024
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45. Long-term ambient air pollution and coronary atherosclerosis: Results from the Swedish SCAPIS study

Author

Edlund, Karl Kilbo, primary, Andersson, Eva M., additional, Asker, Christian, additional, Barregard, Lars, additional, Bergström, Göran, additional, Eneroth, Kristina, additional, Jernberg, Tomas, additional, Ljunggren, Stefan, additional, Molnár, Peter, additional, Sommar, Johan Nilsson, additional, Oudin, Anna, additional, Pershagen, Göran, additional, Persson, Åsa, additional, Pyko, Andrei, additional, Spanne, Mårten, additional, Tondel, Martin, additional, Ögren, Mikael, additional, Ljungman, Petter, additional, and Stockfelt, Leo, additional

Published
2024
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49. Self-report tool for identification of individuals with coronary atherosclerosis : the Swedish cardiopulmonary bioimage study

Author

Bergström, Göran, Hagberg, Eva, Björnson, Elias, Adiels, Martin, Bonander, Carl, Strömberg, Ulf, Andersson, Jonas, Brunström, Mattias, Carlhäll, Carl-Johan, Engström, Gunnar, Erlinge, David, Goncalves, Isabel, Gummesson, Anders, Hagström, Emil, Hjelmgren, Ola, James, Stefan, Janzon, Magnus, Jonasson, Lena, Lind, Lars, Magnusson, Martin, Oskarsson, Viktor, Sundström, Johan, Svensson, Per, Söderberg, Stefan, Themudo, Raquel, Östgren, Carl Johan, Jernberg, Tomas, Bergström, Göran, Hagberg, Eva, Björnson, Elias, Adiels, Martin, Bonander, Carl, Strömberg, Ulf, Andersson, Jonas, Brunström, Mattias, Carlhäll, Carl-Johan, Engström, Gunnar, Erlinge, David, Goncalves, Isabel, Gummesson, Anders, Hagström, Emil, Hjelmgren, Ola, James, Stefan, Janzon, Magnus, Jonasson, Lena, Lind, Lars, Magnusson, Martin, Oskarsson, Viktor, Sundström, Johan, Svensson, Per, Söderberg, Stefan, Themudo, Raquel, Östgren, Carl Johan, and Jernberg, Tomas

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coronary atherosclerosis detected by imaging is a marker of elevated cardiovascular risk. However, imaging involves large resources and exposure to radiation. The aim was, therefore, to test whether nonimaging data, specifically data that can be self-reported, could be used to identify individuals with moderate to severe coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used data from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study) in individuals with coronary computed tomography angiography (n=25 182) and coronary artery calcification score (n=28 701), aged 50 to 64 years without previous ischemic heart disease. We developed a risk prediction tool using variables that could be assessed from home (self-report tool). For comparison, we also developed a tool using variables from laboratory tests, physical examinations, and self-report (clinical tool) and evaluated both models using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, external validation, and benchmarked against factors in the pooled cohort equation. The self-report tool (n=14 variables) and the clinical tool (n=23 variables) showed high-to-excellent discriminative ability to identify a segment involvement score ≥4 (area under the curve 0.79 and 0.80, respectively) and significantly better than the pooled cohort equation (area under the curve 0.76, P<0.001). The tools showed a larger net benefit in clinical decision-making at relevant threshold probabilities. The self-report tool identified 65% of all individuals with a segment involvement score ≥4 in the top 30% of the highest-risk individuals. Tools developed for coronary artery calcification score ≥100 performed similarly. CONCLUSIONS: We have developed a self-report tool that effectively identifies individuals with moderate to severe coronary atherosclerosis. The self-report tool may serve as prescreening tool toward a cost-effective computed tomography-based screening program for high-risk individuals., SCAPIS

Published
2024
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