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1. Rhinitis associated with asthma is distinct from rhinitis alone:The ARIA-MeDALL hypothesis

Author

Bousquet, J, Melén, E, Haahtela, T, Koppelman, G H, Togias, A, Valenta, R, Akdis, C A, Czarlewski, W, Rothenberg, M, Valiulis, A, Wickman, M, Akdis, M, Aguilar, D, Bedbrook, A, Bindslev-Jensen, C, Bosnic-Anticevich, S, Boulet, L P, Brightling, C E, Brussino, L, Burte, E, Bustamante, M, Canonica, G W, Cecchi, L, Celedon, J C, Chaves Loureiro, C, Costa, E, Cruz, A A, Erhola, M, Gemicioglu, B, Fokkens, W J, Garcia-Aymerich, J, Guerra, S, Heinrich, J, Ivancevich, J C, Keil, T, Klimek, L, Kuna, P, Kupczyk, M, Kvedariene, V, Larenas-Linnemann, D E, Lemonnier, N, Lodrup Carlsen, K C, Louis, R, Makela, M, Makris, M, Maurer, M, Momas, I, Morais-Almeida, M, Mullol, J, Naclerio, R N, Nadeau, K, Nadif, R, Niedoszytko, M, Okamoto, Y, Ollert, M, Papadopoulos, N G, Passalacqua, G, Patella, V, Pawankar, R, Pham-Thi, N, Pfaar, O, Regateiro, F S, Ring, J, Rouadi, P W, Samolinski, B, Sastre, J, Savouré, M, Scichilone, N, Shamji, M H, Sheikh, A, Siroux, V, Sousa-Pinto, B, Standl, M, Sunyer, J, Taborda-Barata, L, Toppila-Salmi, S, Torres, M J, Tsiligianni, I, Valovirta, E, Vandenplas, O, Ventura, M T, Weiss, S, Yorgancioglu, A, Zhang, L, Abdul Latiff, A H, Aberer, W, Agache, I, Al-Ahmad, M, Alobid, I, Ansotegui, I J, Arshad, S H, Asayag, E, Barbara, C, Baharudin, A, Battur, L, Bennoor, K S, Berghea, E C, Bergmann, K C, Bernstein, D, Bewick, M, Blain, H, Bonini, M, Braido, F, Buhl, R, Bumbacea, R S, Bush, A, Calderon, M, Calvo-Gil, M, Camargos, P, Caraballo, L, Cardona, V, Carr, W, Carreiro-Martins, P, Casale, T, Cepeda Sarabia, A M, Chandrasekharan, R, Charpin, D, Chen, Y Z, Cherrez-Ojeda, I, Chivato, T, Chkhartishvili, E, Christoff, G, Chu, D K, Cingi, C, Correia de Sousa, J, Corrigan, C, Custovic, A, D'Amato, G, Del Giacco, S, De Blay, F, Devillier, P, Didier, A, do Ceu Teixeira, M, Dokic, D, Douagui, H, Doulaptsi, M, Durham, S, Dykewicz, M, Eiwegger, T, El-Sayed, Z A, Emuzyte, R, Fiocchi, A, Fyhrquist, N, Gomez, R M, Gotua, M, Guzman, M A, Hagemann, J, Hamamah, S, Halken, S, Halpin, D M G, Hofmann, M, Hossny, E, Hrubiško, M, Irani, C, Ispayeva, Z, Jares, E, Jartti, T, Jassem, E, Julge, K, Just, J, Jutel, M, Kaidashev, I, Kalayci, O, Kalyoncu, A F, Kardas, P, Kirenga, B, Kraxner, H, Kull, I, Kulus, M, La Grutta, S, Lau, S, Le Tuyet Thi, L, Levin, M, Lipworth, B, Lourenço, O, Mahboub, B, Martinez-Infante, E, Matricardi, P, Miculinic, N, Migueres, N, Mihaltan, F, Mohammad, Y, Moniuszko, M, Montefort, S, Neffen, H, Nekam, K, Nunes, E, Nyembue Tshipukane, D, O'Hehir, R, Ogulur, I, Ohta, K, Okubo, K, Ouedraogo, S, Olze, H, Pali-Schöll, I, Palomares, O, Palosuo, K, Panaitescu, C, Panzner, P, Park, H S, Pitsios, C, Plavec, D, Popov, T A, Puggioni, F, Quirce, S, Recto, M, Repka-Ramirez, M S, Robalo Cordeiro, C, Roche, N, Rodriguez-Gonzalez, M, Romantowski, J, Rosario Filho, N, Rottem, M, Sagara, H, Serpa, F S, Sayah, Z, Scheire, S, Schmid-Grendelmeier, P, Sisul, J C, Sole, D, Soto-Martinez, M, Sova, M, Sperl, A, Spranger, O, Stelmach, R, Suppli Ulrik, C, Thomas, M, To, T, Todo-Bom, A, Tomazic, P V, Urrutia-Pereira, M, Valentin-Rostan, M, Van Ganse, E, van Hage, M, Vasankari, T, Vichyanond, P, Viegi, G, Wallace, D, Wang, D Y, Williams, S, Worm, M, Yiallouros, P, Yusuf, O, Zaitoun, F, Zernotti, M, Zidarn, M, Zuberbier, J, Fonseca, J A, Zuberbier, T, Anto, J M, Bousquet, J, Melén, E, Haahtela, T, Koppelman, G H, Togias, A, Valenta, R, Akdis, C A, Czarlewski, W, Rothenberg, M, Valiulis, A, Wickman, M, Akdis, M, Aguilar, D, Bedbrook, A, Bindslev-Jensen, C, Bosnic-Anticevich, S, Boulet, L P, Brightling, C E, Brussino, L, Burte, E, Bustamante, M, Canonica, G W, Cecchi, L, Celedon, J C, Chaves Loureiro, C, Costa, E, Cruz, A A, Erhola, M, Gemicioglu, B, Fokkens, W J, Garcia-Aymerich, J, Guerra, S, Heinrich, J, Ivancevich, J C, Keil, T, Klimek, L, Kuna, P, Kupczyk, M, Kvedariene, V, Larenas-Linnemann, D E, Lemonnier, N, Lodrup Carlsen, K C, Louis, R, Makela, M, Makris, M, Maurer, M, Momas, I, Morais-Almeida, M, Mullol, J, Naclerio, R N, Nadeau, K, Nadif, R, Niedoszytko, M, Okamoto, Y, Ollert, M, Papadopoulos, N G, Passalacqua, G, Patella, V, Pawankar, R, Pham-Thi, N, Pfaar, O, Regateiro, F S, Ring, J, Rouadi, P W, Samolinski, B, Sastre, J, Savouré, M, Scichilone, N, Shamji, M H, Sheikh, A, Siroux, V, Sousa-Pinto, B, Standl, M, Sunyer, J, Taborda-Barata, L, Toppila-Salmi, S, Torres, M J, Tsiligianni, I, Valovirta, E, Vandenplas, O, Ventura, M T, Weiss, S, Yorgancioglu, A, Zhang, L, Abdul Latiff, A H, Aberer, W, Agache, I, Al-Ahmad, M, Alobid, I, Ansotegui, I J, Arshad, S H, Asayag, E, Barbara, C, Baharudin, A, Battur, L, Bennoor, K S, Berghea, E C, Bergmann, K C, Bernstein, D, Bewick, M, Blain, H, Bonini, M, Braido, F, Buhl, R, Bumbacea, R S, Bush, A, Calderon, M, Calvo-Gil, M, Camargos, P, Caraballo, L, Cardona, V, Carr, W, Carreiro-Martins, P, Casale, T, Cepeda Sarabia, A M, Chandrasekharan, R, Charpin, D, Chen, Y Z, Cherrez-Ojeda, I, Chivato, T, Chkhartishvili, E, Christoff, G, Chu, D K, Cingi, C, Correia de Sousa, J, Corrigan, C, Custovic, A, D'Amato, G, Del Giacco, S, De Blay, F, Devillier, P, Didier, A, do Ceu Teixeira, M, Dokic, D, Douagui, H, Doulaptsi, M, Durham, S, Dykewicz, M, Eiwegger, T, El-Sayed, Z A, Emuzyte, R, Fiocchi, A, Fyhrquist, N, Gomez, R M, Gotua, M, Guzman, M A, Hagemann, J, Hamamah, S, Halken, S, Halpin, D M G, Hofmann, M, Hossny, E, Hrubiško, M, Irani, C, Ispayeva, Z, Jares, E, Jartti, T, Jassem, E, Julge, K, Just, J, Jutel, M, Kaidashev, I, Kalayci, O, Kalyoncu, A F, Kardas, P, Kirenga, B, Kraxner, H, Kull, I, Kulus, M, La Grutta, S, Lau, S, Le Tuyet Thi, L, Levin, M, Lipworth, B, Lourenço, O, Mahboub, B, Martinez-Infante, E, Matricardi, P, Miculinic, N, Migueres, N, Mihaltan, F, Mohammad, Y, Moniuszko, M, Montefort, S, Neffen, H, Nekam, K, Nunes, E, Nyembue Tshipukane, D, O'Hehir, R, Ogulur, I, Ohta, K, Okubo, K, Ouedraogo, S, Olze, H, Pali-Schöll, I, Palomares, O, Palosuo, K, Panaitescu, C, Panzner, P, Park, H S, Pitsios, C, Plavec, D, Popov, T A, Puggioni, F, Quirce, S, Recto, M, Repka-Ramirez, M S, Robalo Cordeiro, C, Roche, N, Rodriguez-Gonzalez, M, Romantowski, J, Rosario Filho, N, Rottem, M, Sagara, H, Serpa, F S, Sayah, Z, Scheire, S, Schmid-Grendelmeier, P, Sisul, J C, Sole, D, Soto-Martinez, M, Sova, M, Sperl, A, Spranger, O, Stelmach, R, Suppli Ulrik, C, Thomas, M, To, T, Todo-Bom, A, Tomazic, P V, Urrutia-Pereira, M, Valentin-Rostan, M, Van Ganse, E, van Hage, M, Vasankari, T, Vichyanond, P, Viegi, G, Wallace, D, Wang, D Y, Williams, S, Worm, M, Yiallouros, P, Yusuf, O, Zaitoun, F, Zernotti, M, Zidarn, M, Zuberbier, J, Fonseca, J A, Zuberbier, T, and Anto, J M

Abstract

Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of “one-airway-one-disease,” coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitization and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definitions, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches, and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut, and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the “Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis.” This review determined that the “one-airway-one-disease” concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme “allergic” (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitization patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitization versus polysensitization), (iii) severity of symptoms, and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and autoimmune diseases., Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of "one-airway-one-disease," coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitization and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definitions, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches, and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut, and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the "Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis." This review determined that the "one-airway-one-disease" concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme "allergic" (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitization patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitization versus polysensitization), (iii) severity of symptoms, and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and autoimmune diseases.

Published
2023

2. Rhinitis associated with asthma is distinct from rhinitis alone: The ARIA-MeDALL hypothesis

Author

Bousquet, J, Melén, E, Haahtela, T, Koppelman, G H, Togias, A, Valenta, R, Akdis, C A, Czarlewski, W, Rothenberg, M, Valiulis, A, Wickmann, M, Aguilar, D, Akdis, M, Ansotegui, I J, Barbara, C, Bedbrook, A, Bindslev Jensen, C, Bosnic-Anticevich, S, Boulet, L P, Brightling, C E, Brussino, L, Burte, E, Bustamante, M, Canonica, G W, Cecchi, L, Celedon, J C, Chaves-Loureiro, C, Costa, E, Cruz, A A, Erhola, M, Gemicioglu, B, Fokkens, W J, Garcia Aymerich, J, Guerra, S, Heinrich, J, Ivancevich, J C, Keil, T, Klimek, L, Kuna, P, Kupczyk, M, Kvedariene, V, Larenas-Linnemann, D E, Lemonnier, N, Lodrup Carlsen, K C, Louis, R, Makris, M, Maurer, M, Momas, I, Morais-Almeida, M, Mullol, J, Naclerio, R N, Nadeau, K, Nadif, R, Niedoszytko, M, Okamoto, Y, Ollert, M, Papadopoulos, N G, Passalacqua, G, Patella, V, Pawankar, R, Pham-Thi, N, Pfaar, O, Regateiro, F S, Ring, J, Rouadi, P W, Samolinski, B, Sastre, J, Savouré, M, Scichilone, N, Shamji, M H, Sheikh, A, Siroux, V, Sousa-Pinto, B, Standl, M, Sunyer, J, Taborda-Barata, L, Toppila-Salmi, S, Torres, M J, Tsiligianni, I, Valovirta, E, Vandenplas, O, Ventura, M T, Weiss, S, Yorgancioglu, A, Zhang, L, Abdul Latiff, A H, Aberer, W, Agache, I, Al-Ahmad, M, Alobid, I, Arshad, H S, Asayag, E, Baharudin, A, Battur, L, Bennoor, K S, Berghea, E C, Bergmann, K C, Bernstein, D, Bewick, Michael, Blain, H, Bonini, M, Braido, F, Buhl, R, Bumbacea, R, Bush, A, Calderon, M, Calvo, G, Camargos, P, Caraballo, L, Cardona, V, Carr, W, Carreiro-Martins, P, Casale, T, Cepeda Sarabia, A M, Chandrasekharan, R, Charpin, D, Chen, Y Z, Cherrez-Ojeda, I, Chivato, T, Chkhartishvili, E, Christoff, G, Chu, D K, Cingi, C, Correia da Sousa, J, Corrigan, C, Custovic, A, D'Amato, G, Del Giacco, S, De Blay, F, Devillier, P, Didier, A, do Ceu Teixeira, M, Dokic, D, Douagui, H, Doulaptsi, M, Durham, S, Dykewicz, M, Eiwegger, T, El-Sayed, Z A, Emuzyte, R, Fiocchi, A, Fyhrquist, N, Gomez, R M, Gotua, M, Guzman, M A, Hagemann, J, Hamamah, S, Halken, S, Halpin, D M G, Hofmann, M, Hossny, E, Hrubiško, M, Irani, C, Ispayeva, Z, Jares, E, Jartti, T, Jassem, E, Julge, K, Just, J, Jutel, M, Kaidashev, I, Kalayci, O, Kalyoncu, O, Kardas, P, Kirenga, B, Kraxner, H, Kull, I, Kulus, M, La Gruta, S, Lau, S, Le Tuyet Thi, L, Levin, M, Lipworth, B, Lourenço, O, Mahboub, B, Mäkelä, M J, Martinez-Infante, E, Matricardi, P, Miculinic, N, Migueres, N, Mihaltan, F, Mohamad, Y, Moniusko, M, Montefort, S, Neffen, H, Nekam, K, Nunes, E, Nyembue Tshipukane, D, O'Hehir, R E, Ogulur, I, Ohta, K, Okubo, K, Ouedraogo, S, Olze, H, Pali-Schöll, I, Palomares, O, Palosuo, K, Panaitescu, C, Panzner, P, Park, H S, Pitsios, C, Plavec, D, Popov, T A, Puggioni, F, Quirce, S, Recto, M, Repka-Ramirez, R, Roballo-Cordeiro, C, Roche, N, Rodriguez-Gonzales, M, Romantowski, J, Rosario Filho, N, Rottem, M, Sagara, H, Sarquis-Serpa, F, Sayah, Z, Scheire, S, Schmid-Grendelmeier, P, Sisul, J C, Sole, D, Soto-Martinez, M, Sova, M, Sperl, A, Spranger, O, Stelmach, R, Suppli Ulrik, C, Thomas, M, To, T, Todo-Bom, A, Tomazic, P V, Urrutia-Pereira, M, Valentin-Rostan, M, van Ganse, E, Van Hage, M, Vasankari, T, Vichyanond, P, Viegi, G, Wallace, D, Wang, D Y, Williams, S, Worm, M, Yiallouros, P, Yusuf, O, Zaitoun, F, Zernotti, M, Zidarn, M, Zuberbier, J, Fonseca, J A, Zuberbier, T, Anto, J M, Bousquet, J, Melén, E, Haahtela, T, Koppelman, G H, Togias, A, Valenta, R, Akdis, C A, Czarlewski, W, Rothenberg, M, Valiulis, A, Wickmann, M, Aguilar, D, Akdis, M, Ansotegui, I J, Barbara, C, Bedbrook, A, Bindslev Jensen, C, Bosnic-Anticevich, S, Boulet, L P, Brightling, C E, Brussino, L, Burte, E, Bustamante, M, Canonica, G W, Cecchi, L, Celedon, J C, Chaves-Loureiro, C, Costa, E, Cruz, A A, Erhola, M, Gemicioglu, B, Fokkens, W J, Garcia Aymerich, J, Guerra, S, Heinrich, J, Ivancevich, J C, Keil, T, Klimek, L, Kuna, P, Kupczyk, M, Kvedariene, V, Larenas-Linnemann, D E, Lemonnier, N, Lodrup Carlsen, K C, Louis, R, Makris, M, Maurer, M, Momas, I, Morais-Almeida, M, Mullol, J, Naclerio, R N, Nadeau, K, Nadif, R, Niedoszytko, M, Okamoto, Y, Ollert, M, Papadopoulos, N G, Passalacqua, G, Patella, V, Pawankar, R, Pham-Thi, N, Pfaar, O, Regateiro, F S, Ring, J, Rouadi, P W, Samolinski, B, Sastre, J, Savouré, M, Scichilone, N, Shamji, M H, Sheikh, A, Siroux, V, Sousa-Pinto, B, Standl, M, Sunyer, J, Taborda-Barata, L, Toppila-Salmi, S, Torres, M J, Tsiligianni, I, Valovirta, E, Vandenplas, O, Ventura, M T, Weiss, S, Yorgancioglu, A, Zhang, L, Abdul Latiff, A H, Aberer, W, Agache, I, Al-Ahmad, M, Alobid, I, Arshad, H S, Asayag, E, Baharudin, A, Battur, L, Bennoor, K S, Berghea, E C, Bergmann, K C, Bernstein, D, Bewick, Michael, Blain, H, Bonini, M, Braido, F, Buhl, R, Bumbacea, R, Bush, A, Calderon, M, Calvo, G, Camargos, P, Caraballo, L, Cardona, V, Carr, W, Carreiro-Martins, P, Casale, T, Cepeda Sarabia, A M, Chandrasekharan, R, Charpin, D, Chen, Y Z, Cherrez-Ojeda, I, Chivato, T, Chkhartishvili, E, Christoff, G, Chu, D K, Cingi, C, Correia da Sousa, J, Corrigan, C, Custovic, A, D'Amato, G, Del Giacco, S, De Blay, F, Devillier, P, Didier, A, do Ceu Teixeira, M, Dokic, D, Douagui, H, Doulaptsi, M, Durham, S, Dykewicz, M, Eiwegger, T, El-Sayed, Z A, Emuzyte, R, Fiocchi, A, Fyhrquist, N, Gomez, R M, Gotua, M, Guzman, M A, Hagemann, J, Hamamah, S, Halken, S, Halpin, D M G, Hofmann, M, Hossny, E, Hrubiško, M, Irani, C, Ispayeva, Z, Jares, E, Jartti, T, Jassem, E, Julge, K, Just, J, Jutel, M, Kaidashev, I, Kalayci, O, Kalyoncu, O, Kardas, P, Kirenga, B, Kraxner, H, Kull, I, Kulus, M, La Gruta, S, Lau, S, Le Tuyet Thi, L, Levin, M, Lipworth, B, Lourenço, O, Mahboub, B, Mäkelä, M J, Martinez-Infante, E, Matricardi, P, Miculinic, N, Migueres, N, Mihaltan, F, Mohamad, Y, Moniusko, M, Montefort, S, Neffen, H, Nekam, K, Nunes, E, Nyembue Tshipukane, D, O'Hehir, R E, Ogulur, I, Ohta, K, Okubo, K, Ouedraogo, S, Olze, H, Pali-Schöll, I, Palomares, O, Palosuo, K, Panaitescu, C, Panzner, P, Park, H S, Pitsios, C, Plavec, D, Popov, T A, Puggioni, F, Quirce, S, Recto, M, Repka-Ramirez, R, Roballo-Cordeiro, C, Roche, N, Rodriguez-Gonzales, M, Romantowski, J, Rosario Filho, N, Rottem, M, Sagara, H, Sarquis-Serpa, F, Sayah, Z, Scheire, S, Schmid-Grendelmeier, P, Sisul, J C, Sole, D, Soto-Martinez, M, Sova, M, Sperl, A, Spranger, O, Stelmach, R, Suppli Ulrik, C, Thomas, M, To, T, Todo-Bom, A, Tomazic, P V, Urrutia-Pereira, M, Valentin-Rostan, M, van Ganse, E, Van Hage, M, Vasankari, T, Vichyanond, P, Viegi, G, Wallace, D, Wang, D Y, Williams, S, Worm, M, Yiallouros, P, Yusuf, O, Zaitoun, F, Zernotti, M, Zidarn, M, Zuberbier, J, Fonseca, J A, Zuberbier, T, and Anto, J M

Abstract

Asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of "one-airway-one-disease", coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitisation and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definition, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the "Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis". This review determined that the "one-airway-one-disease" concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme "allergic" (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitisation patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitisation versus polysensitisation), (iii) severity of symptoms and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and auto-immune diseases. [Abstract copyright: This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.]

Published
2023

3. Rhinitis associated with asthma is distinct from rhinitis alone: The ARIA‐MeDALL hypothesis

Author

Bousquet, J., primary, Melén, E., additional, Haahtela, T., additional, Koppelman, G. H., additional, Togias, A., additional, Valenta, R., additional, Akdis, C. A., additional, Czarlewski, W., additional, Rothenberg, M., additional, Valiulis, A., additional, Wickman, M., additional, Akdis, M., additional, Aguilar, D., additional, Bedbrook, A., additional, Bindslev‐Jensen, C., additional, Bosnic‐Anticevich, S., additional, Boulet, L. P., additional, Brightling, C. E., additional, Brussino, L., additional, Burte, E., additional, Bustamante, M., additional, Canonica, G. W., additional, Cecchi, L., additional, Celedon, J. C., additional, Chaves Loureiro, C., additional, Costa, E., additional, Cruz, A. A., additional, Erhola, M., additional, Gemicioglu, B., additional, Fokkens, W. J., additional, Garcia‐Aymerich, J., additional, Guerra, S., additional, Heinrich, J., additional, Ivancevich, J. C., additional, Keil, T., additional, Klimek, L., additional, Kuna, P., additional, Kupczyk, M., additional, Kvedariene, V., additional, Larenas‐Linnemann, D. E., additional, Lemonnier, N., additional, Lodrup Carlsen, K. C., additional, Louis, R., additional, Makela, M., additional, Makris, M., additional, Maurer, M., additional, Momas, I., additional, Morais‐Almeida, M., additional, Mullol, J., additional, Naclerio, R. N., additional, Nadeau, K., additional, Nadif, R., additional, Niedoszytko, M., additional, Okamoto, Y., additional, Ollert, M., additional, Papadopoulos, N. G., additional, Passalacqua, G., additional, Patella, V., additional, Pawankar, R., additional, Pham‐Thi, N., additional, Pfaar, O., additional, Regateiro, F. S., additional, Ring, J., additional, Rouadi, P. W., additional, Samolinski, B., additional, Sastre, J., additional, Savouré, M., additional, Scichilone, N., additional, Shamji, M. H., additional, Sheikh, A., additional, Siroux, V., additional, Sousa‐Pinto, B., additional, Standl, M., additional, Sunyer, J., additional, Taborda‐Barata, L., additional, Toppila‐Salmi, S., additional, Torres, M. J., additional, Tsiligianni, I., additional, Valovirta, E., additional, Vandenplas, O., additional, Ventura, M. T., additional, Weiss, S., additional, Yorgancioglu, A., additional, Zhang, L., additional, Abdul Latiff, A. H., additional, Aberer, W., additional, Agache, I., additional, Al‐Ahmad, M., additional, Alobid, I., additional, Ansotegui, I. J., additional, Arshad, S. H., additional, Asayag, E., additional, Barbara, C., additional, Baharudin, A., additional, Battur, L., additional, Bennoor, K. S., additional, Berghea, E. C., additional, Bergmann, K. C., additional, Bernstein, D., additional, Bewick, M., additional, Blain, H., additional, Bonini, M., additional, Braido, F., additional, Buhl, R., additional, Bumbacea, R. S., additional, Bush, A., additional, Calderon, M., additional, Calvo‐Gil, M., additional, Camargos, P., additional, Caraballo, L., additional, Cardona, V., additional, Carr, W., additional, Carreiro‐Martins, P., additional, Casale, T., additional, Cepeda Sarabia, A. M., additional, Chandrasekharan, R., additional, Charpin, D., additional, Chen, Y. Z., additional, Cherrez‐Ojeda, I., additional, Chivato, T., additional, Chkhartishvili, E., additional, Christoff, G., additional, Chu, D. K., additional, Cingi, C., additional, Correia de Sousa, J., additional, Corrigan, C., additional, Custovic, A., additional, D’Amato, G., additional, Del Giacco, S., additional, De Blay, F., additional, Devillier, P., additional, Didier, A., additional, do Ceu Teixeira, M., additional, Dokic, D., additional, Douagui, H., additional, Doulaptsi, M., additional, Durham, S., additional, Dykewicz, M., additional, Eiwegger, T., additional, El‐Sayed, Z. A., additional, Emuzyte, R., additional, Fiocchi, A., additional, Fyhrquist, N., additional, Gomez, R. M., additional, Gotua, M., additional, Guzman, M. A., additional, Hagemann, J., additional, Hamamah, S., additional, Halken, S., additional, Halpin, D. M. G., additional, Hofmann, M., additional, Hossny, E., additional, Hrubiško, M., additional, Irani, C., additional, Ispayeva, Z., additional, Jares, E., additional, Jartti, T., additional, Jassem, E., additional, Julge, K., additional, Just, J., additional, Jutel, M., additional, Kaidashev, I., additional, Kalayci, O., additional, Kalyoncu, A. F., additional, Kardas, P., additional, Kirenga, B., additional, Kraxner, H., additional, Kull, I., additional, Kulus, M., additional, La Grutta, S., additional, Lau, S., additional, Le Tuyet Thi, L., additional, Levin, M., additional, Lipworth, B., additional, Lourenço, O., additional, Mahboub, B., additional, Martinez‐Infante, E., additional, Matricardi, P., additional, Miculinic, N., additional, Migueres, N., additional, Mihaltan, F., additional, Mohammad, Y., additional, Moniuszko, M., additional, Montefort, S., additional, Neffen, H., additional, Nekam, K., additional, Nunes, E., additional, Nyembue Tshipukane, D., additional, O’Hehir, R., additional, Ogulur, I., additional, Ohta, K., additional, Okubo, K., additional, Ouedraogo, S., additional, Olze, H., additional, Pali‐Schöll, I., additional, Palomares, O., additional, Palosuo, K., additional, Panaitescu, C., additional, Panzner, P., additional, Park, H. S., additional, Pitsios, C., additional, Plavec, D., additional, Popov, T. A., additional, Puggioni, F., additional, Quirce, S., additional, Recto, M., additional, Repka‐Ramirez, M. S., additional, Robalo Cordeiro, C., additional, Roche, N., additional, Rodriguez‐Gonzalez, M., additional, Romantowski, J., additional, Rosario Filho, N., additional, Rottem, M., additional, Sagara, H., additional, Serpa, F. S., additional, Sayah, Z., additional, Scheire, S., additional, Schmid‐Grendelmeier, P., additional, Sisul, J. C., additional, Sole, D., additional, Soto‐Martinez, M., additional, Sova, M., additional, Sperl, A., additional, Spranger, O., additional, Stelmach, R., additional, Suppli Ulrik, C., additional, Thomas, M., additional, To, T., additional, Todo‐Bom, A., additional, Tomazic, P. V., additional, Urrutia‐Pereira, M., additional, Valentin‐Rostan, M., additional, Van Ganse, E., additional, van Hage, M., additional, Vasankari, T., additional, Vichyanond, P., additional, Viegi, G., additional, Wallace, D., additional, Wang, D. Y., additional, Williams, S., additional, Worm, M., additional, Yiallouros, P., additional, Yusuf, O., additional, Zaitoun, F., additional, Zernotti, M., additional, Zidarn, M., additional, Zuberbier, J., additional, Fonseca, J. A., additional, Zuberbier, T., additional, and Anto, J. M., additional

Published
2023
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4. The ARIA-MeDALL hypothesis

Author

Bousquet, J, Melén, E, Haahtela, T, Koppelman, G H, Togias, A, Valenta, R, Akdis, C A, Czarlewski, W, Rothenberg, M, Valiulis, A, Wickmann, M, Bonini, M, Braido, F, Buhl, R, Bumbacea, R, Bush, A, Calderon, M, Calvo, G, Camargos, P, Caraballo, L, Cardona, V, Aguilar, D, Carr, W, Carreiro-Martins, P, Casale, T, Cepeda Sarabia, A M, Chandrasekharan, R, Charpin, D, Chen, Y Z, Cherrez-Ojeda, I, Chivato, T, Chkhartishvili, E, Akdis, M, Christoff, G, Chu, D K, Cingi, C, Correia da Sousa, J, Corrigan, C, Custovic, A, D'Amato, G, Del Giacco, S, De Blay, F, Devillier, P, Ansotegui, I J, Didier, A, do Ceu Teixeira, M, Dokic, D, Douagui, H, Doulaptsi, M, Durham, S, Dykewicz, M, Eiwegger, T, El-Sayed, Z A, Emuzyte, R, Barbara, C, Fiocchi, A, Fyhrquist, N, Gomez, R M, Gotua, M, Guzman, M A, Hagemann, J, Hamamah, S, Halken, S, Halpin, D M G, Bedbrook, A, Hofmann, M, Hossny, E, Hrubiško, M, Irani, C, Ispayeva, Z, Jares, E, Jartti, T, Jassem, E, Julge, K, Just, J, Bindslev Jensen, C, Jutel, M, Kaidashev, I, Kalayci, O, Kalyoncu, O, Kardas, P, Kirenga, B, Kraxner, H, Kull, I, Kulus, M, La Gruta, S, Bosnic-Anticevich, S, Lau, S, Le Tuyet Thi, L, Levin, M, Lipworth, B, Lourenço, O, Mahboub, B, Mäkelä, M J, Martinez-Infante, E, Matricardi, P, Miculinic, N, Boulet, L P, Migueres, N, Mihaltan, F, Mohamad, Y, Moniusko, M, Montefort, S, Neffen, H, Nekam, K, Nunes, E, Nyembue Tshipukane, D, O'Hehir, R E, Brightling, C E, Ogulur, I, Ohta, K, Okubo, K, Ouedraogo, S, Olze, H, Pali-Schöll, I, Palomares, O, Palosuo, K, Panaitescu, C, Panzner, P, Brussino, L, Park, H S, Pitsios, C, Plavec, D, Popov, T A, Puggioni, F, Quirce, S, Recto, M, Repka-Ramirez, R, Roballo-Cordeiro, C, Roche, N, Burte, E, Rodriguez-Gonzales, M, Romantowski, J, Rosario Filho, N, Rottem, M, Sagara, H, Sarquis-Serpa, F, Sayah, Z, Scheire, S, Schmid-Grendelmeier, P, Sisul, J C, Bustamante, M, Sole, D, Soto-Martinez, M, Sova, M, Sperl, A, Spranger, O, Stelmach, R, Suppli Ulrik, C, Thomas, M, To, T, Todo-Bom, A, Canonica, G W, Tomazic, P V, Urrutia-Pereira, M, Valentin-Rostan, M, van Ganse, E, Van Hage, M, Vasankari, T, Vichyanond, P, Viegi, G, Wallace, D, Wang, D Y, Cecchi, L, Williams, S, Worm, M, Yiallouros, P, Yusuf, O, Zaitoun, F, Zernotti, M, Zidarn, M, Zuberbier, J, Fonseca, J A, Celedon, J C, Zuberbier, T, Anto, J M, Chaves-Loureiro, C, Costa, E, Cruz, A A, Erhola, M, Gemicioglu, B, Fokkens, W J, Garcia Aymerich, J, Guerra, S, Heinrich, J, Ivancevich, J C, Keil, T, Klimek, L, Kuna, P, Kupczyk, M, Kvedariene, V, Larenas-Linnemann, D E, Lemonnier, N, Lodrup Carlsen, K C, Louis, R, Makris, M, Maurer, M, Momas, I, Morais-Almeida, M, Mullol, J, Naclerio, R N, Nadeau, K, Nadif, R, Niedoszytko, M, Okamoto, Y, Ollert, M, Papadopoulos, N G, Passalacqua, G, Patella, V, Pawankar, R, Pham-Thi, N, Pfaar, O, Regateiro, F S, Ring, J, Rouadi, P W, Samolinski, B, Sastre, J, Savouré, M, Scichilone, N, Shamji, M H, Sheikh, A, Siroux, V, Sousa-Pinto, B, Standl, M, Sunyer, J, Taborda-Barata, L, Toppila-Salmi, S, Torres, M J, Tsiligianni, I, Valovirta, E, Vandenplas, O, Ventura, M T, Weiss, S, Yorgancioglu, A, Zhang, L, Abdul Latiff, A H, Aberer, W, Agache, I, Al-Ahmad, M, Alobid, I, Arshad, H S, Asayag, E, Baharudin, A, Battur, L, Bennoor, K S, Berghea, E C, Bergmann, K C, Bernstein, D, Bewick, M, Blain, H, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) - pólo NMS, and NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM)

Subjects
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Abstract

Asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of "one-airway-one-disease", coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitisation and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definition, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the "Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis". This review determined that the "one-airway-one-disease" concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme "allergic" (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis and conjunctivitis. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity represent two distinct diseases with the following differences: (i) genomic and transcriptomic background (Toll-Like Receptors and IL-17 for rhinitis alone as a local disease; IL-33 and IL-5 for allergic and non-allergic multimorbidity as a systemic disease), (ii) allergen sensitisation patterns (mono- or pauci-sensitisation versus polysensitisation), (iii) severity of symptoms and (iv) treatment response. In conclusion, rhinitis alone (local disease) and rhinitis with asthma multimorbidity (systemic disease) should be considered as two distinct diseases, possibly modulated by the microbiome, and may be a model for understanding the epidemics of chronic and auto-immune diseases. authorsversion epub_ahead_of_print

Published
2023

5. Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19: time for research to develop adaptation strategies

Author

Bousquet, Jean, Cristol, Jean-Paul, Czarlewski, Wienczyslawa, Anto, Josep M, Martineau, Adrian, Haahtela, Tari, Fonseca, Susana C, Iaccarino, Guido, Blain, Hubert, Fiocchi, Alessandro, Canonica, G Walter, Fonseca, Joao A, Vidal, Alain, Choi, Hak-Jong, Kim, Hyun Ju, Le Moing, Vincent, Reynes, Jacques, Sheikh, Aziz, Akdis, Cezmi A, Zuberbier, Torsten, Amir Hamzah Abdul Latiff, Baharudin, Abdullah, Werner, Aberer, Nancy, Abusada, Ian, Adcock, Alejandro, Afani, Ioana, Agache, Xenofon, Aggelidis, Jenifer, Agustin, Cezmi, A Akdis, Mübeccel, Akdis, Mona, Al-Ahmad, Abou Al-Zahab Bassam, Hussam, Alburdan, Oscar, Aldrey-Palacios, Emilio Alvarez Cuesta, Hiba Alwan Salman, Ashraf, Alzaabi, Salma, Amade, Gene, Ambrocio, Rosana, Angles, Isabella, Annesi-Maesano, Ignacio, J Ansotegui, Josep, M Anto, Paula Ara Bardajo, Stefania, Arasi, Margarete, Arrais, Hasan, Arshad, Maria-Cristina, Artesani, Estrella, Asayag, Francesca, Avolio, Khuzama, Azhari, Claus, Bachert, Diego, Bagnasco, Ilaria, Baiardini, Nissera, Bajrović, Petros, Bakakos, Sergio Bakeyala Mongono, Christine, Balotro-Torres, Sergio, Barba, Cristina, Barbara, Elsa, Barbosa, Bruno, Barreto, Joan, Bartra, Xavier, Basagana, Eric, D Bateman, Lkhagvaa, Battur, Anna, Bedbrook, Martín Bedolla Barajas, Bianca, Beghé, Antra, Bekere, Elizabeth, Bel, Ali Ben Kheder, Mikael, Benson, Elena-Camelia, Berghea, Karl-Christian, Bergmann, Roberto, Bernardini, David, Bernstein, Mike, Bewick, Slawomir, Bialek, Artur, Białoszewski, Thomas, Bieber, Nils, E Billo, Maria-Beatrice, Bilo, Carsten, Bindslev-Jensen, Leif, Bjermer, Hubert, Blain, Irina, Bobolea, Malgorzata Bochenska Marciniak, Christine, Bond, Attilio, Boner, Matteo, Bonini, Sergio, Bonini, Sinthia, Bosnic-Anticevich, Isabelle, Bosse, Sofia, Botskariova, Jacques, Bouchard, Louis-Philippe, Boulet, Rodolphe, Bourret, Philippe, Bousquet, Fulvio, Braido, Andrew, Briggs, Christopher, E Brightling, Jan, Brozek, Luisa, Brussino, Roland, Buhl, Roxana, Bumbacea, Rosalva, Buquicchio, María-Teresa Burguete Cabañas, Andrew, Bush, William, W Busse, Jeroen, Buters, Fernan, Caballero-Fonseca, Moïses, A Calderon, Mario, Calvo, Paulo, Camargos, Thierry, Camuzat, R Canevari, F, Antonio, Cano, G Walter Canonica, Arnaldo, Capriles-Hulett, Luis, Caraballo, Vicky, Cardona, Kai-Hakon, Carlsen, Jonas Carmona Pirez, Jorge, Caro, Warner, Carr, Pedro, Carreiro-Martins, Fredelita, Carreon-Asuncion, Ana-Maria, Carriazo, Carme Carrion, Y Ribas, Thomas, Casale, Mary-Ann, Castor, Elizabeth, Castro, G Caviglia, A, Lorenzo, Cecchi, Alfonso Cepeda Sarabia, Maciej, Chalubinski, Ramanathan, Chandrasekharan, Yoon-Seok, Chang, Victoria, Chato-Andeza, Lida, Chatzi, Christina, Chatzidaki, Niels, H Chavannes, Claudia Chaves Loureiro, Aurora-Alejandra Chavez Garcia, Marta, Chelninska, Yuzhi, Chen, Lei, Cheng, Sharon, Chinthrajah, Tomas, Chivato, Ekaterine, Chkhartishvili, George, Christoff, Henry, Chrystyn, Derek, K Chu, Antonio, Chua, Alexander, Chuchalin, Kian Fan Chung, Alberto, Cicerán, Cemal, Cingi, Giorgio, Ciprandi, Ieva, Cirule, Ana-Carla, Coelho, Enrico, Compalati, Jannis, Constantinidis, Jaime Correia de Sousa, Elisio Manuel Costa, David, Costa, María Del Carmen Costa Domínguez, André, Coste, Cottini, M, Linda, Cox, Carlos, Crisci, Maria Angiola Crivellaro, Alvaro, A Cruz, John, Cullen, Adnan, Custovic, Biljana, Cvetkovski, Wienczyslawa, Czarlewski, Gennaro, D'Amato, Jane da Silva, Ronald, Dahl, Sven-Erik, Dahlen, Vasilis, Daniilidis, Louei Darjazini Nahhas, Ulf, Darsow, Janet, Davies, Frédéric de Blay, Giulia De Feo, Eloisa De Guia, José-Ricardo De la Torre Navarrete, Chato De Los Santos, Esteban De Manuel Keenoy, Govert De Vries, Diana, Deleanu, Pascal, Demoly, Judah, Denburg, Philippe, Devillier, Alain, Didier, Sanja Dimic Janjic, Maria, Dimou, Anh Tuan Dinh-Xuan, Ratko, Djukanovic, Maria Do Ceu Texeira, Dejan, Dokic, Margarita Gabriela Domínguez Silva, Habib, Douagui, Nikolaos, Douladiris, Maria, Doulaptsi, Gérard, Dray, Ruta, Dubakiene, Eve, Dupas, Stephen, Durham, Marzia, Duse, Mark, Dykewicz, Didier, Ebo, Natalija, Edelbaher, Thomas, Eiwegger, Patrik, Eklund, Yehia, El-Gamal, Zeinab, A El-Sayed, Shereen, S El-Sayed, Magda, El-Seify, Regina, Emuzyte, Lourdes, Enecilla, Marina, Erhola, Heidilita, Espinoza, Jesús Guillermo Espinoza Contreras, John, Farrell, Lenora, Fernandez, Paola Fimbres Jimenez, Antje Fink Wagner, Alessandro, Fiocchi, Wytske, J Fokkens, Lenia, Folletti, Joao, A Fonseca, Jean-François, Fontaine, Francesco, Forastiere, Jose Miguel Fuentes Pèrez, Emily, Gaerlan-Resureccion, Mina, Gaga, José Luis Gálvez Romero, Amiran, Gamkrelidze, Alexis, Garcia, Cecilia Yvonne García Cobas, María de la Luz Hortensia García Cruz, Valeria Garcia Ortiz, Jacques, Gayraud, Matteo, Gelardi, Bilun, Gemicioglu, Dimitra, Gennimata, Sonya, Genova, José, Gereda, Roy Gerth van Wijk, Antonio, Giuliano, René-Maximiliano, Gomez, Miguel-Ange Gonzalez Ballester, Sandra González Diaz, Maia, Gotua, Christos, Grigoreas, Ineta, Grisle, Marta, Guidacci, Nick, Guldemond, Zdenek, Gutter, Antonieta, Guzmán, Tari, Haahtela, Ramsa, Halloum, David, Halpin, Eckard, Hamelmann, Suleiman, Hammadi, Richard, Harvey, Enrico, Heffler, Joachim, Heinrich, Adnan, Hejjaoui, Birthe, Hellquist-Dahl, Luiana Hernández Velázquez, Mark, Hew, Elham, Hossny, Peter, Howarth, Martin, Hrubiško, Yunuen Rocío Huerta Villalobos, Marc, Humbert, Salina, Husain, Michael, Hyland, Guido, Iaccarino, Moustafa, Ibrahim, Nataliya, Ilina, Maddalena, Illario, Cristoforo, Incorvaia, Antonio, Infantino, Carla, Irani, Zhanat, Ispayeva, Juan Carlos Ivancevich, Edgardo Ej Jares, Deborah, Jarvis, Ewa, Jassem, Klemen, Jenko, Rubén Darío Jiméneracruz Uscanga, Sebastian, L Johnston, Guy, Joos, Maja, Jošt, Kaja, Julge, Ki-Suck, Jung, Jocelyne, Just, Marek, Jutel, Igor, Kaidashev, Omer, Kalayci, Fuat, Kalyoncu, Jeni, Kapsali, Przemyslaw, Kardas, Jussi, Karjalainen, Carmela, A Kasala, Michael, Katotomichelakis, Loreta, Kavaliukaite, Kazi, S Bennoor, Thomas, Keil, Paul, Keith, Musa, Khaitov, Nikolai, Khaltaev, You-Young, Kim, Bruce, Kirenga, Jorg, Kleine-Tebbe, Ludger, Klimek, Fanny, W Ko, Bernard Koffi N'Goran, Evangelia, Kompoti, Peter, Kopač, Gerard, Koppelman, Anja Koren Jeverica, Seppo, Koskinen, Mitja, Košnik, Tomasz, Kostka, Kosta, V Kostov, Marek, L Kowalski, Tanya, Kralimarkova, Karmen Kramer Vrščaj, Helga, Kraxner, Samo, Kreft, Vicky, Kritikos, Dmitry, Kudlay, Mikael, Kuitunen, Inger, Kull, Piotr, Kuna, Maciej, Kupczyk, Violeta, Kvedariene, Marialena, Kyriakakou, Nika, Lalek, Massimo, Landi, Stephen, Lane, Désiree, E Larenas-Linnemann, Susanne, Lau, Daniel, Laune, Jorge, Lavrut, Lan, Le, Martina, Lenzenhuber, Gualtiero, Leo, Marcus, Lessa, Michael, Levin, Jing, Li, Philip, Lieberman, Giuseppe, Liotta, Brian, Lipworth, Xuandao, Liu, Rommel, Lobo, Karin, C Lodrup Carlsen, Carlo, Lombardi, Renaud, Louis, Stelios, Loukidis, Olga, Lourenço, Jorge, A Luna Pech, Bojan, Madjar, Enrico, Maggi, Antoine, Magnan, Bassam, Mahboub, Alpana, Mair, Anke-Hilse Maitland van der Zee, Mika, Makela, Michael, Makris, Hans-Jorgen, Malling, Mariana, Mandajieva, Patrick, Manning, Manolis, Manousakis, Pavlos, Maragoudakis, Gianluigi, Marseglia, Gailen, Marshall, Mohammad Reza Masjedi, Jorge, F Máspero, Juan José Matta Campos, Marcus, Maurer, Sandra, Mavale-Manuel, Cem, Meço, Erik, Melén, Giovanni, Melioli, Elisabete, Melo-Gomes, Eli, O Meltzer, Enrica, Menditto, Andrew, Menzies-Gow, Hans, Merk, Jean-Pierre, Michel, Yann, Micheli, Neven, Miculinic, Luís, Midão, Florin, Mihaltan, Nikolaos, Mikos, Manlio, Milanese, Branislava, Milenkovic, Dimitrios, Mitsias, Bassem, Moalla, Giuliana, Moda, María Dolores Mogica Martínez, Yousser, Mohammad, Frances-Montserrat, Moharra, Mostafa, Moin, Mathieu, Molimard, Isabelle, Momas, Monique, Mommers, Alessandro, Monaco, Stephen, Montefort, Lucia-Elvira, Montenegro, Riccardo, Monti, Dory, Mora, Mario, Morais-Almeida, Ralph, Mösges, Badr Eldin Mostafa, Joaquim, Mullol, Lars, Münter, Antonella, Muraro, Ruth, Murray, Antonio, Musarra, Tihomir, Mustakov, Robert, Naclerio, Kari, C Nadeau, Rachel, Nadif, Alla, Nakonechna, Leyla, Namazova-Baranova, Gretchen, Navarro-Locsin, Hugo, Neffen, Kristof, Nekam, Angelos, Neou, Eustachio, Nettis, Daniel, Neuberger, Laurent, Nicod, Stefania, Nicola, Verena, Niederberger-Leppin, Marek, Niedoszytko, Antonio, Nieto, Ettore, Novellino, Elizabete, Nunes, Dieudonné, Nyembue, Robyn, E O'Hehir, Cvetanka, Odjakova, Ken, Ohta, Yoshitaka, Okamoto, Kimi, Okubo, Brian, Oliver, Gabrielle, L Onorato, Maria Pia Orru, Solange, Ouédraogo, Kampadilemba, Ouoba, Francisco-Javier, Padilla, Pier Luigi Paggiaro, Aris, Pagkalos, Pajno, Giovanni Battista, Gianni, Pala, P Palaniappan, S, Isabella, Pali-Schöll, Susanna, Palkonen, Stephen, Palmer, Carmen Panaitescu Bunu, Petr, Panzner, Nikos, G Papadopoulos, Vasilis, Papanikolaou, Alberto, Papi, Bojidar, Paralchev, Giannis, Paraskevopoulos, Hae-Sim, Park, Giovanni, Passalacqua, Vincenzo, Patella, Ian, Pavord, Ruby, Pawankar, Soren, Pedersen, Susete, Peleve, Simona, Pellegino, Ana, Pereira, Mariana, Pereira, Tamara, Pérez, Andrea, Perna, Diego, Peroni, Oliver, Pfaar, Nhân, Pham-Thi, Bernard, Pigearias, Isabelle, Pin, Konstantina, Piskou, Constantinos, Pitsios, Davor, Plavec, Dagmar, Poethig, Wolfgang, Pohl, Antonija Poplas Susic, Todor, A Popov, Fabienne, Portejoie, Paul, Potter, Lars, Poulsen, Alexandra, Prados-Torres, Fotis, Prarros, David, Price, Emmanuel, Prokopakis, Francesca, Puggioni, Elisa, Puig-Domenech, Robert, Puy, Klaus, Rabe, Silvia, Rabotti, Filip, Raciborski, Josephine, Ramos, Cristina, Recalcati, Marysia, T Recto, Shereen, M Reda, Frederico, S Regateiro, Norbert, Reider, Sietze, Reitsma, Susana, Repka-Ramirez, Erminia, Ridolo, Janet, Rimmer, Daniela Rivero Yeverino, José Angelo Rizzo, Carlos, Robalo-Cordeiro, Graham, Roberts, Karen, Robles, Nicolas, Roche, Mónica Rodríguez González, Eréndira Rodríguez Zagal, Giovanni, Rolla, Christine, Rolland, Regina, Roller-Wirnsberger, Miguel Roman Rodriguez, Antonino, Romano, Jan, Romantowski, Philippe, Rombaux, Joel, Romualdez, Jose, Rosado-Pinto, Nelson, Rosario, Lanny, Rosenwasser, Oliviero, Rossi, Menachem, Rottem, Philip, W Rouadi, Nikoleta, Rovina, Irma Rozman Sinur, Mauricio, Ruiz, Lucy Tania Ruiz Segura, Dermot, Ryan, Hironori, Sagara, Daiki, Sakai, Daiju, Sakurai, Wafaa, Saleh, Johanna, Salimaki, Konstantinos, Samitas, Boleslaw, Samolinski, María Guadalupe Sánchez Coronel, Mario, Sanchez-Borges, Jaime, Sanchez-Lopez, Melissa, Sansonna, Codrut, Sarafoleanu, Faradiba Sarquis Serpa, Joaquin, Sastre, Eleonora, Savi, Agne, Savonyte, Bisher, Sawaf, Glenis, K Scadding, Sophie, Scheire, Peter, Schmid-Grendelmeier, Juan Francisco Schuhl, Holger, Schunemann, Maria, Schvalbová, Jorgen, Schwarze, Nicola, Scichilone, Gianenrico, Senna, Cecilia, Sepúlveda, Elie, Serrano, Sara, Shamai, Aziz, Sheikh, Mike, Shields, Vasil, Shishkov, Nikos, Siafakas, Alexander, Simeonov, Estelle Fer Simons, Juan Carlos Sisul, Brigita, Sitkauskiene, Ingelbjorg, Skrindo, Tanja Soklič 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Subjects
MAPK/ERK pathway, ARIA group, Allergy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], NF-KAPPA-B, debelost, Review, Pharmacology, Resveratrol, PROTECTS, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS, ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS, Medicine and Health Sciences, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, OXIDATIVE STRESS, COVID-19, Foods, Insulin resistance, Nrf2, Nutrients, Obesity, TRPA1, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, RESPIRATORY, INSULIN-RESISTANCE, Muscle cell proliferation, SULFORAPHANE, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, SIGNALING PATHWAY, Signal transduction, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, NRF2 ACTIVATORS, MUSCLE-CELL PROLIFERATION, Immunology, 610 Medicine & health, Lung injury, Settore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio, ACUTE LUNG INJURY, 03 medical and health sciences, COVID-19, Foods, Insulin resistance, Nrf2, Nutrients, Obesity, TRPA1, udc:616.9, odpornost proti inzulinu, SULFORAPHANE PROTECTS, Transcription factor, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, food, medicine.disease, chemistry, hranila, SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS, business, hrana, GREEN TEA
Abstract

There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPARγ:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NFκB: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2α:Elongation initiation factor 2α). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT1R axis (AT1R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity.

Published
2020
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