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Belysningsföretaget ateljé Lyktan ansåg sig ha ett hål i sitt produktutbud av armaturer. I samarbete med en extern formgivare presenterades ett armaturförslag som en möjlig lösning på detta problem. Modellen presenterades indelad i tre olika moduler som tillsammans ska kunna monteras ihop till olika kombinationer beroende på hur lång armaturen önskas vara. Dess komplexa form framhävdes helt utan synliga skruvar samt med en sträv yt-struktur, menad att framhäva den robusthet som en gjutning ofta ger. Då ateljé Lyktan inriktar sig till en kräsen designorienterad målgrupp var de noga att inga övertramp förekom under konceptutvecklingen angående armaturens önskade form. Detta arbete är framförallt inriktad mot utomhusvarianten. Detta innebar att genomförandet till stor del handlade om att sammankoppla modulerna och samtidigt behålla den önskade kapslingsklassen IP65. Mål sattes upp för att på ett effektivt sätt angripa de olika problemen från den givna kravspecifikationen. Kort därefter startade idégenereringen som genomgick en sållning för att slutligen bli ett detaljerat koncept som företaget kan följa upp för vidareutveckling. Genom flera verktyg under projektet kunde koncepten formas och analyseras, bland annat genom modellframtagning av komponenter genom 3D-utskrifter gjorda med de 3D-skrivare som fanns till förfogande. De fysiska modellerna av armaturen gjorde det tydligare att urskilja vissa brister med koncepten och kunde därmed vara underlag till en konceptpoängsättning. Resultaten av konceptpoängsättningen kombinerat med önskemål från företaget blev slutligen ett koncept innehållande en formsprutad profil med två gjutna gavlar som fästs samman med hjälp av excenterlås. Excenterlås har tidigare använts av företaget för att täta mot ljusläckage men inte för att täta mot väta och smuts., The lightning company ateljé Lyktan thought they had a gap in their product line-up. A solution for this product gap was presented by an external designer. The lamp this external designer presented were a modular lamp designed to be used in public places, both inside and outside variants were suggested. The lamp was also modular, three modules are to be built into different lengths and variants of the lamp. The lamps design is organic, and the structure of the surface are meant to be quite rugged. Since ateljé Lyktan are focused on a more design-oriented customer base there are to be no visible screws. This project is mainly focused on the outside version of the lamp and hence a large portion of the implementation of the work are focused on connecting the modules while maintaining the IP65 certification. Goals for the project were made to get a clear and efficient understanding of the problems facing the development of this product. The generating of concepts started soon after and ended with a screening of the concepts generated. This gave in the end a detailed concept which the company could use in their continuing development process. By using a number of tools and processes the different concepts could be generated and analyzed. Physical models were made with the 3d-printers available at KTH Södertälje. These models gave a better understanding of different pros and cons with the concepts and could therefor be used as support in the concept screening. In the end the final concept could be decided with the support of the company. The final concept was an extruded profile as the length module and the endcaps are to be casted. To connect the different modules, draw latches are to be used. This has been used before by the company but not to seal against weather but to seal against light leakage.

En analyse af (dobbelt)løve-motivet på de jyske, romanske døbefonte med henblik på at bestemme deres betydninger dels i relation til dåbssakramentet og dets liturgi, dels i relation til den samtidige kristning af det danske rige, som udgjorde et vigtigt skridt i statsdannelsen.

In the Hope of Eternal Life.The Baptismal Font as Performative ObjectBy Lars Berggren Seeing and perceiving are complicated processes that we only during the last decades are beginning to understand. All images seem to be performative in the sense that they do something with and to us whether we like it, or are at all aware of it, or not. Therefore, it’s necessary to consider a number of religious objects and practices in a wider functional context. In this paper, it is argued that a Medieval baptismal font, due to the special status of Baptism, its iconography and positioning in the church, not only functioned in performative dialogue with the ritual of baptism, the various stages of Mass, and the building itself, but also served a number of important secular purposes: legal, social and political.

BACKGROUND: Airway management may be difficult in obese patients. Moreover, during prolonged intubation, oxygen desaturation develops rapidly. Videolaryngoscopy improves the view of the larynx, and the Storz® C-MACTM has been shown to be superior to other videolaryngoscopes in terms of intubation time in obese patients. However, no effort has been made to compare the Storz® C-MACTM with direct laryngoscopy. The aim of the study was to evaluate if the use of Storz® C-MACTM may reduce intubation time when compared to direct laryngoscopy (classic Macintosh® blade). METHODS: eighty patients with body mass index > 35kg/m2 were randomized to orotracheal intubation using either Macintosh® laryngoscope, or the Storz® C-MACTM with the standard Macintosh blade. Patients had no previous history of a difficult airway. Time- to-intubation (TTI) was defined as the time from the moment anaesthetist took the laryngoscope until end-tidal carbon dioxide was detected. RESULTS: no significant difference in TTI could be demonstrated between the two devices tested (mean difference -1.7s (95% CI -6.9 to 3.5s). All patients in the videolaryngoscopy group were successfully intubated with the allocated device, whereas five patients in the direct laryngoscopy group required an alternative device for successful intubation. No significant difference regarding the subjective difficulty of intubation and postoperative sore throat between groups was demonstrated. CONCLUSION: in obese patients the airway may be secured equally fast using direct laryngoscopy (Macintosh®) and with videolaryngoscopy using the Stortz® C-MACTM. The risk for failed intubation, however, appears to be greater with direct laryngoscopy, especially in male obese patients., Funding Agency:Research Fund of the Örebro County Council, Örebro, Sweden

Begreppet hållbar utveckling är idag ett väletablerat begrepp, samtidigt som det är komplext och öppet för olika tolkningar. Hållbar utveckling innebär att samhället måste planera utifrån såväl ekologiska och sociala som ekonomiska aspekter. Eftersom begreppet kan förstås på olika sätt är utbildning en viktig del i utvecklingen av ett hållbart samhälle – inte bara för att utveckla kunskaper utan även för att få möjlighet att reflektera över problem och möjligheter. Betydelsen av en hållbar samhällsutveckling förstärktes i och med att FN utlyste en dekad för lärande om hållbar utveckling mellan åren 2005 och 2014. Målet med denna dekad var att elever och studenter skall kunna utveckla verktyg för att på så sätt kunna göra medvetna fram- tida val med hänsyn till ekologisk, ekonomisk och social hållbarhet. Med detta som grund har även Naturskyddsföreningen arbetat med att stärka och utveckla utbildningen för hållbar utveckling. Latinskolan i Malmö har fungerat som en modellskola för utvecklingen av lärande om hållbar utveckling med stöd av Naturskyddsföreningen. Projektet har även inkluderat samverkan med Malmö högskola, vilket har inneburit att forskare med förankring inom forskningsområdet hållbar utveckling arbetat med en forskningscirklel för lärare från Latinskolan för att på så sätt fördjupa kunskaperna inom området lärande för hållbar utveckling. Denna rapport är resultaten av denna forskningscirkel. I rapporten kan man läsa om följande projekt: Lena Ansner och Sofia Gustafson Aarnivaara har undersökt hur estetiska designprocesser kan bidra till att utveckla elevers kritiska tänkande såväl som deras möjligheter att ta plats i offentligheten. För att undersöka detta genomförde de ett projekt om gatukonst – där eleverna dels studerade befintlig gatukonst, dels gjorde egen gatukonst. Detta reste frågor om vems röst som får höras i samhället, och på vilken plats. I sin analys utforskade Lena och Sofia hur elever kan använda den konstnärliga processen för att ta plat

Emergence agitation following anesthesia in children is not uncommon. It is, although generally self-limiting, associated with both patient and parents distress. We conducted a national survey around the management of behavioral and neurocognitive disturbances after surgery/anesthesia including a case scenario about a child at risk for emergence reaction. Premedication with clonidine or midazolam would have been used 58 and 37% of responders respectively. A propofol based anesthesia was the most common anesthetic technique, however sevoflurane or desflurane was an option for 45 and 8% of responders. Before awakening 65% would have administered an opioid, 48% a low-dose of propofol and 25% clonidine. Sign or symptoms of behavioral disturbance was not assessed by standardize assessment tools. A majority of Swedish anesthesia personnel would undertake some preventive action when handling a child at risk for an emergence reaction, the preventive measure differed and it seems as there is an obvious room for further improvements.

Cognitive side-effects such as emergence agitation (EA), postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) are not infrequently complicating the postoperative care especially in elderly and fragile patients. The aim of the present survey was to gain insight regarding concern and interest in prevention and treatment strategies for postoperative delirium and dysfunction, and the use of EEG-based depth-of-anaesthesia monitoring possibly reducing the risk for cognitive side effects among anaesthesia personnel. METHODS: A web-based validated questionnaire was sent to all Swedish anaesthesiologists and nurse anaesthetists during summer 2013. The questionnaire consisted of 3 sections, subjective preferences, routines and practices related to the perioperative handling of EA, POD, POCD. RESULTS: The response rate was 52%. Cardiovascular/pulmonary risks where assessed as importance by 98, 97% of responders while 69% considered the risk of neurocognitive side-effects important. When asked explicitly around cognitive side-effects 89%, 37% and 44% assessed awareness, POC and POD respectively of importance. EEG-based depth-of-anaesthesia monitors were used in 50% of hospitals. The responders were not convinced about the benefits of such monitors even in at-risk patients. Structured protocols for the management of postoperative cognitive side-effects were available only in few hospitals. CONCLUSION: Swedish anaesthesia personnel are concerned about the risk of postoperative cognitive side-effects but are more concerned about cardiovascular/pulmonary risks, pain, PONV and the rare event of awareness. Most respondents were not convinced about the use of depth-of-anaesthesia monitors. There is a need to improve knowledge around risk factors, prevention and management of postoperative cognitive side effects.

Introduction: Trauma stress and neuro-inflammation caused by surgery/anaesthesia releases cytokines. This study analysed impact of Auditory Evoked Potential Index (AAI) depth-of-anaesthesia titration on the early plasma IL-6 release after eye surgery under general anaesthesia. Method: This is a subgroup analysis of a prospective randomized study on the effect of auditory evoked potential guided anaesthesia for eye surgery. Plasma IL-6 levels taken before, 5 and 24 h after end of surgery from 450 patients undergoing elective ophthalmic surgery under desflurane anaesthesia were analysed. Minimal mental state examination (MMSE) was also tested at 24-h. Results: IL-6 increased significantly at both 5 and further at 24 h after surgery (3.2, 4.5 and 5.1 base-line, 5 and 24-h respectively), the IL-6 increase showed different patterns between the 2 groups; IL-6 was significantly increased in the control group of patients between preoperative baseline and 24 h after surgery (p = 0.008) also between 5 h and 24 h, (p = 0.006) after surgery while the AAI-group had only minor non-significant changes. The 18 patients that showed a 24-h MMSE score less than 25 had a significant higher 24-h IL-6 compared to the 390 patients with a MMSE score > 24 (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The IL-6 increase after surgery was less pronounced in patients where anaesthesia was titrated by AAI compared to anaesthesia adjusted on clinical signs only. IL-6 were also found to be higher in patients with a MMSE < 25 at 24-h. Further studies are warranted evaluating the role of depth of anaesthesia monitoring on the risk for early cognitive impairment and neuro-inflammation., Funding Agency:Scientific committee of Örebro county council