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1. Symptoms and Impaired Quality of Life After COVID-19 Hospitalization: Effect of Therapeutic Heparin in Non-ICU Patients in the Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines 4 Acute Trial: Effect on 3-Month Symptoms and Quality of Life

Author

Greenstein, Yonatan Y., Hubel, Kinsley, Froess, Joshua, Wisniewski, Stephen R., Venugopal, Vidya, Lai, Yu-Hsuan, Berger, Jeff S., Chang, Steven Y., Colovos, Christos, Shah, Faraaz, Kornblith, Lucy Z., Lawler, Patrick R., Gaddh, Manila, Guerrero, Raquel Morillo, Nkemdirim, William, Lopes, Renato D., Reynolds, Harmony R., Amigo, Jose Seijas, Wahid, Lana, Zahra, Ajani, Goligher, Ewan C., Zarychanski, Ryan, Leifer, Eric, Huang, David T., Neal, Matthew D., Hochman, Judith S., Cushman, Mary, and Gong, Michelle N.

Published
2024
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2. Gypsum on Mars: A Detailed View at Gale Crater.

Author

Vaniman, David, Chipera, Steve, Rampe, Elizabeth, Bristow, Thomas, Blake, David, Meusburger, Johannes, Peretyazhko, Tanya, Rapin, William, Berger, Jeff, Ming, Douglas, Craig, Patricia, Castle, Nicholas, Downs, Robert T., Morrison, Shaunna, Hazen, Robert, Morris, Richard, Pandey, Aditi, Treiman, Allan H., Yen, Albert, and Achilles, Cherie

Subjects
GALE Crater (Mars), SULFATE minerals, MARTIAN craters, ANTARCTIC ice, JAROSITE, SAND dunes
Abstract

Gypsum is a common mineral at Gale crater on Mars, currently being explored by the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover, Curiosity. In this paper, we summarize the associations of gypsum with other sulfate minerals (bassanite, anhydrite, jarosite, starkeyite, and kieserite) from the lowest levels of the crater's northern moat zone (Aeolis Palus) up through ~0.8 km of the stratigraphic section in the lower slopes of the sedimentary mound developed around the central peak, Aeolis Mons (informally, Mount Sharp). The analysis is based on results from the CheMin X-ray diffraction instrument on Curiosity, supplemented with information from the rover's versatile instrument suite. Gypsum does not occur with the same frequency as less hydrous Ca-sulfates, likely, in most cases, because of its dehydration to bassanite and possibly to anhydrite. All three of these Ca-sulfate phases often occur together and, along with other sulfates, in mixed assemblages that are evidence of limited equilibration on a cold, dry planet. In almost all samples, at least one of the Ca-sulfate minerals is present, except for a very limited interval where jarosite is the major sulfate mineral, with the implication of more acidic groundwater at a much later time in Gale crater's history. Although observations from orbit reveal a sulfate-rich surface, currently active dark basaltic dunes at Gale crater have only small amounts of a single sulfate mineral, anhydrite. Gale crater has provided the most complete mineralogical analysis of a site on Mars so far, but the data in hand show that Gale crater mineralogy is not a blueprint with planet-wide application. The concurrent study of Jezero crater by the Mars 2020 mission and comparisons to what is believed to be the most extensive deposit of gypsum on Mars, in the dune fields at the north polar ice cap, show significant diversity. Unraveling the stories of gypsum and other sulfates on Mars is just beginning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Manganese-Iron Phosphate Nodules at the Groken Site, Gale Crater, Mars

Author

Treiman, Allan H., primary, Lanza, Nina L., additional, VanBommel, Scott, additional, Berger, Jeff, additional, Wiens, Roger, additional, Bristow, Thomas, additional, Johnson, Jeffrey, additional, Rice, Melissa, additional, Hart, Reginald, additional, McAdam, Amy, additional, Gasda, Patrick, additional, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, additional, Yen, Albert, additional, Williams, Amy J., additional, Vasavada, Ashwin, additional, Vaniman, David, additional, Tu, Valerie, additional, Thorpe, Michael, additional, Swanner, Elizabeth D., additional, Seeger, Christina, additional, Schwenzer, Susanne P., additional, Schröder, Susanne, additional, Rampe, Elizabeth, additional, Rapin, William, additional, Ralston, Silas J., additional, Peretyazhko, Tanya, additional, Newsom, Horton, additional, Morris, Richard V., additional, Ming, Douglas, additional, Loche, Matteo, additional, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, additional, House, Christopher, additional, Hazen, Robert, additional, Grotzinger, John P., additional, Gellert, Ralf, additional, Gasnault, Olivier, additional, Fischer, Woodward W., additional, Essunfeld, Ari, additional, Downs, Robert T., additional, Downs, Gordon W., additional, Dehouck, Erwin, additional, Crossey, Laura J., additional, Cousin, Agnes, additional, Comellas, Jade M., additional, Clark, Joanna V., additional, Clark, Benton, additional, Chipera, Steve, additional, Caravaca, Gwenaël, additional, Bridges, John, additional, Blake, David F., additional, and Anderson, Ryan, additional

Published
2023
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8. 4. Analytical Techniques for Probing Small-Scale Layers that Preserve Information on Gas–Solid Interactions

Author

Dalby, Kim N., primary, Berger, Jeff. A., additional, Brand, Helen E.A., additional, Cairney, Julie M., additional, Eder, Katja, additional, Eggins, Stephen M., additional, Herring, Anna, additional, Hervig, Richard L., additional, Krieder, Peter B., additional, Mernagh, Terrence P., additional, Palm, Andrew B., additional, Renggli, Christian J., additional, Troitzsch, Ulrike, additional, Yue, Lindsey, additional, and King, Penelope L., additional

Published
2018
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10. THE MARKER BAND IN GALE CRATER:: A SYNTHESIS OF ORBITAL AND GROUND OBSERVATIONS

Author

Weitz, Catherine, Lewis, Kevin W., Kite, Edwin, Dietrich, William, Thompson, Lucy M., O’connell-Cooper, Catherine, Schieber, Juergen, Rubin, David M., Gasda, Patrick, Mondro, C. A., Seeger, Christina, Rapin, William, Gupta, Sanjeev, Roberts, Amelie, Frydenvang, Jens, Berger, Jeff, Newsom, Horton, Bryk, Alexander, Lamb, Michael P., Grotzinger, John, Fischer, W., Cowart, Aster, Davis, Joel, Grant, John A., Aileen Yingst, R., Farrand, William, Parker, Tim, Vasavada, Ashwin, Fraeman, Abigail, Milliken, Ralph, Sheppard, Rachel, Minitti, Michelle, Ming, Douglas W., Simpson, Sarah, Rampe, Elizabeth B., Mclennan, Scott, Fey, Deirdra M., Kubacki, Tex, Williams, Rebecca M.E., Arvidson, Ray, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of Chicago, Department of Earth and Planetary Science [UC Berkeley] (EPS), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of New Brunswick (UNB), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Birkbeck College [University of London], Smithsonian Institution, Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Brown University, Planetary Geosciences Institute [Knoxville], Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Knoxville], The University of Tennessee [Knoxville]-The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), Malin Space Science Systems (MSSS), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [St Louis], Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), and Lunar and Planetary Institute

Subjects
[SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars, sedimentology, stratigraphy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, MSL, Marker Band, Gale crater, mineralogy
Abstract

International audience; The “Marker Band” (previously called the Marker Bed and Marker Horizon [1-4]) in Gale crater is a distinctive indurated and dark-toned unit observed in the strata of Mount Sharp. From orbital data, the Marker Band (MB) was mapped across much of the western and southern edges of Mount Sharp, spanning over 80 km in distance and 1.6 km in elevation [4]. CRISM spectra of the MB show no hydration signatures and broad absorptions around~1 and 2 μm interpreted to be from high-Ca pyroxene [4]. Favored origins for the MB based upon orbital observations included a more indurated sulfate, a sandstone, and a volcanic ash deposit. The Curiosity rover recently reached the MB and is now collecting critical in situ measurements to test these postulated and other origins and make new discoveries at the finer mm- to cm-scale that could not be assessed from orbital data. Here we provide a summary of several of the most crucial MB observations made by the rover thus far from sols 3640-3645 and 3668-present.

Published
2023

11. List of Contributors

Author

Allwood, Abigail C., primary, Arvidson, Raymond E., additional, Baglioni, Pietro, additional, Beaty, David, additional, Beegle, Luther W., additional, Berger, Jeff A., additional, Bhartia, Rohit, additional, Bibring, Jean-Pierre, additional, Bishop, Janice L., additional, Brack, André, additional, Brinckerhoff, William, additional, Brown, Adrian J., additional, Cabrol, Nathalie A., additional, Cady, Sherry L., additional, Catalano, Jeffrey G., additional, Ciarletti, Valérie, additional, Coates, Andrew J., additional, Davila, Alfonso, additional, De Sanctis, M. Cristina, additional, Elphic, Richard C., additional, Farley, Kenneth A., additional, Farmer, Jack D., additional, Flannery, David T., additional, Goesmann, Fred, additional, Grin, Edmond A., additional, Gulick, Virginia G., additional, Häder, Donat-Peter, additional, Hamilton, David, additional, Hamran, Svein-Erik, additional, Hecht, Michael H., additional, Hinman, Nancy W., additional, Hurowitz, Joel A., additional, Jaumann, Ralf, additional, Josset, Jean-Luc, additional, de la Torre Juarez, Manuel, additional, Kminek, Gerhard, additional, Korablev, Oleg, additional, Maurice, Sylvestre, additional, McEwen, Alfred S., additional, McKay, Christopher, additional, Milkovich, Sarah, additional, Mitrofanov, Igor, additional, Moersch, Jeffrey, additional, Noffke, Nora, additional, Phillips, Cynthia, additional, Quinn, Richard, additional, Raulin, François, additional, Rodionov, Daniel, additional, Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose A., additional, Rull, Fernando, additional, Sefton-Nash, Elliot, additional, Skok, John R., additional, Sobron, Pablo, additional, Stack, Kathryn M., additional, Summers, David, additional, Summons, Roger E., additional, Svedhem, Håkan, additional, Teodoro, Luis, additional, Vago, Jorge L., additional, Walter, Malcolm R., additional, Warren-Rhodes, Kimberley, additional, Westall, Frances, additional, Wettergreen, David S., additional, Wiens, Roger C., additional, Williford, Kenneth H., additional, Winter, Diane, additional, and Zippi, Pierre, additional

Published
2018
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13. Experimental constraints on the volatility of germanium, zinc, and lithium in Martian basalts and the role of degassing in alteration of surface minerals.

Author

Rogaski, Alexander, Ustunisik, Gokce K., Yang, Shuying, Humayun, Munir, Righter, Kevin, Berger, Jeff A., and DiFrancesco, Nicholas

Subjects
LITHIUM, MARTIAN meteorites, MARTIAN surface, GALE Crater (Mars), GERMANIUM
Abstract

The surface of Mars is enriched in Cl and S which is linked to volcanic activity and degassing. Similarly, elevated Ge and Zn levels in Gale crater sedimentary bedrock indicate a magmatic source for these elements. To constrain the relative effects of Cl and S on the outgassing of these trace metals and chemical characteristics of primary magmatic vapor deposits incorporated to Martian surface, we conducted a set of degassing and fumarolic alteration experiments. Ge is found to be more volatile than Zn in all experiments. In S‐bearing runs, the loss of Ge and Zn was less than any other experiments. In Cl‐only runs, degassing of Zn was more than twice that of Ge within the first 10 min and percent loss increased for both elements with increasing time. In Cl + S runs, S‐induced reduction of GeO2 and ZnO to metallic Ge and Zn switches the preference of chloride formation from Zn to Ge. Up to 90% of Ge and Zn loss in the 1‐h no volatile‐added (NVA) experiments might be due to the small amounts of Cl contamination in NVA mixes via other oxides used for synthesis. Alteration experiments show different phases between 1‐h and 24‐/72‐h runs. In 1‐h runs, anhydrite and langbeinite dominate while in 24‐/72‐h runs halite and sylvite dominate the condensate assemblages. S‐bearing phases form as the intermediate products of fumarolic deposition, while chlorides are common when the system is allowed to cool gradually. One‐hour exposure was sufficient to form alteration phases and vapor deposits such as NaCl, KCl, CaSO4, and langbeinites on the Martian analog minerals. These salts were identified in Martian meteorites and in situ measurements. Our results provide evidence that volcanic degassing along with fumarolic alteration could be a potential source for the enrichment and varying abundances of Cl, S, Fe, Zn, Ge in Martian surface, as well as a cause for Ge depletion in shergottites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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16. Gale crater and impact processes – Curiosity’s first 364 Sols on Mars

Author

Newsom, Horton E., Mangold, Nicolas, Kah, Linda C., Williams, Joshua M., Arvidson, Ray E., Stein, Nathan, Ollila, Ann M., Bridges, John C., Schwenzer, Susanne P., King, Penelope L., Grant, John A., Pinet, Patrick, Bridges, Nathan T., Calef, Fred, III, Wiens, Roger C., Spray, John G., Vaniman, David T., Elston, Wolf E., Berger, Jeff A., Garvin, James B., and Palucis, Marisa C.

Published
2015
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17. Reworking and Diagenesis of Martian Soil: Pathway to Murray Formation Sediments?

Author

Yen, Albert S, Ming, Douglas W, Achilles, Cherie, Berger, Jeff A, Clark, Benton C, Downs, Robert T, Gellert, Ralf, Morris, Richard V, Morrison, Shaunna M, O'Connell-Cooper, Catherine, Rampe, Elizabeth B, Salvatore, Mark R, Sullivan, Robert J, and Thompson, Lucy M

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration, Exobiology
Abstract

In Gale crater, the Curiosity Mars rover has climbed over 300 meters of the Murray formation from the base of the Pahrump Hills to the crest of Vera Rubin Ridge. We discuss the possibility that fine-grained mudstone of the Murray formation is a diagenetic product of sediments with a chemical and mineralogical composition similar to present-day martian soil. Typical (low Ca-sulfate) Murray samples have Na2O, Al2O3, SiO2, SO3, TiO2 and FeOT concentrations within 10% (relative) of average martian soil. These oxides constitute ~85% of each sample. The Al/Si and Ti/Si ratios of Murray samples are comparable to average martian soil but distinct from other martian geologic units. Percentage difference in P2O5, Cl, K2O, Cr2O3, MnO, Ni, Zn, Br, and Ge between soil and Murray samples generally exceed 10%, but these elements and oxides amount to less than 4% of the samples. These constituents are highly variable in Murray mudstone and may reflect mobility in fluid interactions. Large discrepancies in MgO and CaO with ~50% lower concentrations in the Murray samples (~2% absolute differences) are indicative of open-system alteration if the Murray mudstone originated from soil-like material. Mineralogically, martian soil is dominated by plagioclase feldspar, pyroxenes, and olivine with minor hematite, magnetite, and Ca-sulfate. In comparison, Murray samples generally have less feldspar and pyroxene, little to no olivine, more iron oxides and Ca-sulfates, and Fe-containing phyllosilicates. If Murray mudstone originated from a Mars soil composition, aqueous alteration could have converted olivine and pyroxenes to iron oxides and phyllosilicates. Intermixed or zoned plagioclase feldspars could have lost a larger portion of calcic constituents, consistent with susceptibility to weathering, resulting in a change from ~An55 (soil) to ~An40 (Murray). This alteration could be consistent with the major element chemistry, including the small decrease in MgO and CaO. A subsequent influx of minor/trace elements and Ca-sulfate, e.g. from groundwater, would be required. In this diagenetic scenario, the bulk of the alteration would have been nearly isochemical, suggesting limited mineral segregation and aqueous alteration during transport from the drainage basin or a significant direct aeolian contribution to the Murray sediments.

Published
2018

18. Alteration at the base of the Siccar Point unconformity and further evidence for an alkaline provenance at Gale crater: Exploration of the Mount Sharp group, Greenheugh pediment cap rock contact with APXS

Author

Thompson, Lucy M, primary, Spray, John G., additional, O'Connell-Cooper, Catherine D, additional, Berger, Jeff A, additional, Yen, Albert S., additional, Boyd, Nicholas, additional, Gellert, Ralf, additional, McCraig, Michael A., additional, and VanBommel, Scott J, additional

Published
2022
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19. Overview of Secondary Phosphate Facies observed by Chemcam in Gale Crater, Mars

Author

Meslin, Pierre-Yves, primary, Forni, Olivier, additional, Loche, Matteo, additional, Fabre, Sébastien, additional, Lanza, Nina, additional, Gasda, Patrick, additional, Treiman, Allan, additional, Berger, Jeff, additional, Cousin, Agnès, additional, Gasnault, Olivier, additional, Rapin, William, additional, Lasue, Jérémie, additional, Mangold, Nicolas, additional, Dehouck, Erwin, additional, Dromart, Gilles, additional, Maurice, Sylvestre, additional, and Wiens, Roger C., additional

Published
2022
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20. Does Top-Down, Standards-Based Reform Work? A Review of the Status of Statewide Standards-Based Reform.

Author

Berger, Jeff

Abstract

The current state-dominated standards movement originated in the 1983 "Nation at Risk" report. Five different types of standards are usually considered when developing a standards-based school reform system: district, content, student performance, school delivery, and system delivery. Arguments for standards outweigh those against. (Contains 24 references.) (MLH)

Published
2000

22. Manganese Mobility in Gale Crater, Mars: Leached Bedrock and Localized Enrichments

Author

Berger, Jeff A, primary, King, Penelope, additional, Gellert, Ralf, additional, Clark, Benton C., additional, Flood, Victoria A, additional, McCraig, Michael A., additional, Ming, Douglas, additional, O'Connell-Cooper, Catherine D, additional, Schmidt, Mariek E., additional, Thompson, Lucy M, additional, VanBommel, Scott J, additional, Wilhelm, Brent, additional, and Yen, Albert S., additional

Published
2022
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23. Gale Crater and Impact Processes - Curiosity's First 364 Sols on Mars

Author

Newsom, Horton E, Mangold, Nicolas, Kah, Linda C, Williams, Joshua M, Arvidson, Ray E, Stein, Nathan, Ollila, Ann M, Bridges, John C, Schwenzer, Suzanne P, King, Penelope L, Grant, John A, Pinet, Patrick, Bridges, Nathan T, Calef, Fred, III, Wiens, Roger C, Spray, John G, Vaniman, David T, Elston, Wolf E, Berger, Jeff A, Garvin, James B, and Palucis, Marisa C

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Impact processes at all scales have been involved in the formation and subsequent evolution of Gale crater. Small impact craters in the vicinity of the Curiosity MSL landing site and rover traverse during the 364 Sols after landing have been studied both from orbit and the surface. Evidence for the effect of impacts on basement outcrops may include loose blocks of sandstone and conglomerate, and disrupted (fractured) sedimentary layers, which are not obviously displaced by erosion. Impact ejecta blankets are likely to be present, but in the absence of distinct glass or impact melt phases are difficult to distinguish from sedimentary/volcaniclastic breccia and conglomerate deposits. The occurrence of individual blocks with diverse petrological characteristics, including igneous textures, have been identified across the surface of Bradbury Rise, and some of these blocks may represent distal ejecta from larger craters in the vicinity of Gale. Distal ejecta may also occur in the form of impact spherules identified in the sediments and drift material. Possible examples of impactites in the form of shatter cones, shocked rocks, and ropy textured fragments of materials that may have been molten have been observed, but cannot be uniquely confirmed. Modification by aeolian processes of craters smaller than 40 m in diameter observed in this study, are indicated by erosion of crater rims, and infill of craters with aeolian and airfall dust deposits. Estimates for resurfacing suggest that craters less than 15 m in diameter may represent steady state between production and destruction. The smallest candidate impact crater observed is ∼0.6 m in diameter. The observed crater record and other data are consistent with a resurfacing rate of the order of 10 mm/Myr; considerably greater than the rate from impact cratering alone, but remarkably lower than terrestrial erosion rates.

Published
2014
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24. Elemental Composition and Chemical Evolution of Geologic Materials in Gale Crater, Mars: APXS Results From Bradbury Landing to the Vera Rubin Ridge

Author

Berger, Jeff A., Gellert, R., Boyd, Nicholas I., King, Penelope, McCraig, Michael A., O'Connell-Cooper, Catherine D., Schmidt, Mariek E., Spray, John G., Thompson, Lucy, VanBommel, Scott J. V., Yen, Albert S., Berger, Jeff A., Gellert, R., Boyd, Nicholas I., King, Penelope, McCraig, Michael A., O'Connell-Cooper, Catherine D., Schmidt, Mariek E., Spray, John G., Thompson, Lucy, VanBommel, Scott J. V., and Yen, Albert S.

Abstract

The Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) on the rover Curiosity has analyzed the composition of geologic materials along a >20-km traverse in Gale crater on Mars. The APXS dataset after 6.5 Earth years (2,301 sols) includes 712 analyses of soil, sand, float, bedrock, and drilled/scooped fines. We present the APXS results over this duration and provide stratigraphic context for each target. We identify the best APXS measurement of each of the 22 drilled and scooped samples that were delivered to the instruments Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin; X-ray diffractometer) and Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM; mass spectrometer and gas chromatograph) during this period. The APXS results demonstrate that the basaltic and alkali-rich units in the Bradbury group (sols 0-750) show minimal alteration indicating an arid climate. In contrast, the Murray formation of the Mount Sharp group (sols ∼750-2,301) has compositions indicating pervasive alteration. Diagenetic features are common and show fluid interaction with the sediment after (and possibly during) lithification. A sandstone unit, the Stimson formation, overlies part of the Murray formation. This has a composition similar to the basaltic sand and soil, suggesting a shared source. Cross-cutting, fracture-associated haloes are evidence of late-stage fluid alteration after lithification of the sediment. The APXS dataset, evaluated in concert with the full science payload of Curiosity, indicates that Gale crater was habitable, and that liquid water was stable for extended periods.

Published
2020

25. Elemental Composition and Chemical Evolution of Geologic Materials in Gale Crater, Mars: APXS Results From Bradbury Landing to the Vera Rubin Ridge

Author

Berger, Jeff A., primary, Gellert, Ralf, additional, Boyd, Nicholas I., additional, King, Penelope L., additional, McCraig, Michael A., additional, O'Connell‐Cooper, Catherine D., additional, Schmidt, Mariek E., additional, Spray, John G., additional, Thompson, Lucy M., additional, VanBommel, Scott J. V., additional, and Yen, Albert S., additional

Published
2020
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26. Elemental composition and chemical evolution of geologic materials in Gale crater, Mars: APXS results from Bradbury Landing to the Vera Rubin Ridge

Author

Berger, Jeff A, primary, Gellert, Ralf, additional, Boyd, Nicholas, additional, King, Penelope, additional, McCraig, Michael A., additional, O'Connell-Cooper, Catherine D, additional, Schmidt, Mariek E., additional, Spray, John G., additional, Thompson, Lucy M, additional, VanBommel, Scott J, additional, and Yen, Albert S., additional

Published
2020
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30. Analytical Techniques for Probing Small-Scale Layers that Preserve Information on Gas-Solid Interactions

Author

Dalby, Kim N., Berger, Jeff A., Brand, Helen E. A., Cairney, Julie, Eder, Katja, Eggins, Stephen, Herring, Anna, Hervig, Richard, Kreider, Peter, Mernagh, Terrence, Palm, Andrew, Renggli, Christian, Troitzsch, Ulrike, Yue, Lindsey, King, Penelope, Dalby, Kim N., Berger, Jeff A., Brand, Helen E. A., Cairney, Julie, Eder, Katja, Eggins, Stephen, Herring, Anna, Hervig, Richard, Kreider, Peter, Mernagh, Terrence, Palm, Andrew, Renggli, Christian, Troitzsch, Ulrike, Yue, Lindsey, and King, Penelope

Published
2018

32. Using Fluid-Mobile Elements to Decipher an Aqueous History Preserved in the Sedimentary Rocks of Gale Crater, Mars

Author

Berger, Jeff A.

Subjects
Mars geochemistry, Geochemistry, APXS, Curiosity rover, Geology, Hawai'i, Gale Crater
Abstract

Fluid-mobile elements preserve a record of the aqueous history of Mars in the sedimentary rocks of Gale Crater, and they are traceable with the rover Curiosity’s Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS). This is the fundamental principle behind the scientific questions addressed in the four main chapters of this dissertation. First, we conducted a field study at Hawai’i, an established Mars analogue, to investigate sedimentary processes and alteration in rocks comparable to those in Gale Crater. We conclude that open system, circumneutral weathering is very limited in Gale rocks; acid sulfate alteration and sedimentary mixing of diverse rocks is likely. Second, the Hawaiian samples were analyzed by Particle Induced X-ray Emission spectroscopy (PIXE) to evaluate the technique as an analogue for APXS. Third, we developed a novel, non-standard APXS calibration to determine the composition of a very thin layer of airfall dust on the rover. The global dust is enriched in the fluid-mobile elements sulfur and chlorine, but at a ratio found to be constant around the planet. This enables deconvolution of modern dust from underlying rock in APXS measurements to determine inherent sulfur and chlorine content in ancient rocks. Fourth, we used fortuitous zinc and germanium enrichments in Gale Crater rocks to establish a geochemical tracer pair for fluid processes in Gale. We propose a model in which the two trace elements were enriched together by hydrothermal fluids in the sediment source region, transported into the crater, and then fractionated by low temperature diagenetic fluids. The work presented here constrains fluid events affecting Gale sediments and can aid in unraveling fluid histories as Curiosity’s traverse continues.

Published
2017

33. Analytical Techniques for Probing Small-Scale Layers that Preserve Information on Gas–Solid Interactions

Author

Dalby, Kim N., primary, Berger, Jeff. A., additional, Brand, Helen E.A., additional, Cairney, Julie M., additional, Eder, Katja, additional, Eggins, Stephen M., additional, Herring, Anna, additional, Hervig, Richard L., additional, Kreider, Peter B., additional, Mernagh, Terrence P., additional, Palm, Andrew B., additional, Renggli, Christian J., additional, Troitzsch, Ulrike, additional, Yue, Lindsey, additional, and King, Penelope L., additional

Published
2018
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36. Oxidation of manganese in an ancient aquifer, Kimberley formation, Gale crater, Mars

Author

Lanza, N., Wiens, R. C., Arvidson, R.E., Clark, B., Fischer, W.W., Gellert, R., Grotzinger, J., Hurowitz, J., McLennan, S M, Morris, R. V., Rice, M., Bell, J F, Berger, Jeff A., Blaney, D., Bridges, N., Calef, F., Campbell, J. L., Clegg, S., Cousin, A., Edgett, K., Fabre, C., Fisk, M., Forni, O., Frydenfang, Jens, Hardy, K., Hardgrove, C., Johnson, J., Lasue, J., Le Mouelic, S., Malin, M., Mangold, N., Martin-Torres, J., Maurice, S., McBride, M., Ming, D., Newsom, H., Ollila, A., Sautter, V., Schröder, Susanne, Thompson, L., Treiman, A., Van Bommel, S., Vaniman, D., Zorzano, M.-P., Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [St Louis], Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Physics [Guelph], University of Guelph, Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Geosciences, State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Primary Care and Population Health [London] (PCPH), University College of London [London] (UCL), The Alan Turing Institute, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Department of Mathematics and Statistics [Toronto], York University [Toronto], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Malin Space Science Systems (MSSS), GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oregon State University (OSU), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering [Luleå], Luleå University of Technology (LUT), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Institute of Meteoritics [Albuquerque] (IOM), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), University of Gothenburg (GU), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU)

Subjects
Manganese, LIBS, ChemCam, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Mars, MSL, Mars Science Laboratory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

37. Zinc and germanium in the sedimentary rocks of Gale Crater on Mars indicate hydrothermal enrichment followed by diagenetic fractionation

Author

Berger, Jeff A., primary, Schmidt, Mariek E., additional, Gellert, Ralf, additional, Boyd, Nicholas I., additional, Desouza, Elstan D., additional, Flemming, Roberta L., additional, Izawa, Matthew R. M., additional, Ming, Douglas W., additional, Perrett, Glynis M., additional, Rampe, Elizabeth B., additional, Thompson, Lucy M., additional, VanBommel, Scott J. V., additional, and Yen, Albert S., additional

Published
2017
Full Text
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40. A global Mars dust composition refined by the Alpha-Particle X-ray Spectrometer in Gale Crater

Author

Berger, Jeff A., Schmidt, M E, Gellert, R, Campbell, J.L., King, Penelope, Flemming, R.L., Ming, Doug, Pradler, I, Thompson, Lucy, Perrett, Glynis, Elliott, B.E., Berger, Jeff A., Schmidt, M E, Gellert, R, Campbell, J.L., King, Penelope, Flemming, R.L., Ming, Doug, Pradler, I, Thompson, Lucy, Perrett, Glynis, and Elliott, B.E.

Abstract

Modern Martian dust is similar in composition to the global soil unit and bulk basaltic Mars crust, but it is enriched in S and Cl. The Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) on the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover analyzed air fall dust on the science observation tray (o-tray) in Gale Crater to determine dust oxide compositions. The o-tray dust has the highest concentrations of SO3 and Cl measured in Mars dust (SO3 8.3%; Cl 1.1 wt %). The molar S/Cl in the dust (3.35 ± 0.34) is consistent with previous studies of Martian dust and soils (S/Cl = 3.7 ± 0.7). Fe is also elevated ~25% over average Mars soils and the bulk crust. These enrichments link air fall dust with the S-, Cl-, and Fe-rich X-ray amorphous component of Gale Crater soil. Dust and soil have the same S/Cl, constraining the surface concentrations of S and Cl on a global scale.

Published
2016

42. A global Mars dust composition refined by the Alpha‐Particle X‐ray Spectrometer in Gale Crater

Author

Berger, Jeff A., primary, Schmidt, Mariek E., additional, Gellert, Ralf, additional, Campbell, John L., additional, King, Penelope L., additional, Flemming, Roberta L., additional, Ming, Douglas W., additional, Clark, Benton C., additional, Pradler, Irina, additional, VanBommel, Scott J. V., additional, Minitti, Michelle E., additional, Fairén, Alberto G., additional, Boyd, Nicholas I., additional, Thompson, Lucy M., additional, Perrett, Glynis M., additional, Elliott, Beverley E., additional, and Desouza, Elstan, additional

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Isotope ratios of H, C, and O in CO₂ and H₂O of the martian atmosphere

Author

Webster, Chris R, Mahaffy, Paul R, Flesch, Gregory J, Niles, Paul B, Jones, John H, Leshin, Laurie A, Atreya, Sushil K, Stern, Jennifer C, Christensen, Lance E, Owen, Tobias, Franz, Heather, Pepin, Robert O, Steele, Andrew and the MSL Science Team, Achilles, Cherie, Agard, Christophe, Alves Verdasca, José Alexandre, Anderson, Robert, Anderson, Ryan, Archer, Doug, Armiens-Aparicio, Carlos, Arvidson, Ray, Atlaskin, Evgeny, Aubrey, Andrew, Baker, Burt, Baker, Michael, Balic-Zunic, Tonci, Baratoux, David, Baroukh, Julien, Barraclough, Bruce, Bean, Keri, Beegle, Luther, Behar, Alberto, Bell, James, Bender, Steve, Benna, Mehdi, Bentz, Jennifer, Berger, Gilles, Berger, Jeff, Berman, Daniel, Bish, David, Blake, David F, Blanco Avalos, Juan J, Blaney, Diana, Blank, Jen, Blau, Hannah, Bleacher, Lora, Boehm, Eckart, Botta, Oliver, Böttcher, Stephan, Boucher, Thomas, Bower, Hannah, Boyd, Nick, Boynton, Bill, Breves, Elly, Bridges, John, Bridges, Nathan, Brinckerhoff, William, Brinza, David, Bristow, Thomas, Brunet, Claude, Brunner, Anna, Brunner, Will, Buch, Arnaud, Bullock, Mark, Burmeister, Sönke, Cabane, Michel, Calef, Fred, Cameron, James, Campbell, John, Cantor, Bruce, Caplinger, Michael, Caride Rodríguez, Javier, Carmosino, Marco, Carrasco Blázquez, Isaías, Charpentier, Antoine, Chipera, Steve, Choi, David, Clark, Benton, Clegg, Sam, Cleghorn, Timothy, Cloutis, Ed, Cody, George, Coll, Patrice, Conrad, Pamela, Coscia, David, Cousin, Agnès, Cremers, David, Crisp, Joy, Cros, Alain, Cucinotta, Frank, d'Uston, Claude, Davis, Scott, Day, Mackenzie, de la Torre Juarez, Manuel, DeFlores, Lauren, DeLapp, Dorothea, DeMarines, Julia, DesMarais, David, Dietrich, William, Dingler, Robert, Donny, Christophe, Downs, Bob, Drake, Darrell, Dromart, Gilles, Dupont, Audrey, Duston, Brian, Dworkin, Jason, Dyar, M Darby, Edgar, Lauren, Edgett, Kenneth, Edwards, Christopher, Edwards, Laurence, Ehlmann, Bethany, Ehresmann, Bent, Eigenbrode, Jen, Elliott, Beverley, Elliott, Harvey, Ewing, Ryan, Fabre, Cécile, Fairén, Alberto, Farley, Ken, Farmer, Jack, Fassett, Caleb, Favot, Laurent, Fay, Donald, Fedosov, Fedor, Feldman, Jason, Feldman, Sabrina, Fisk, Marty, Fitzgibbon, Mike, Floyd, Melissa, Flückiger, Lorenzo, Forni, Olivier, Fraeman, Abby, Francis, Raymond, François, Pascaline, Freissinet, Caroline, French, Katherine Louise, Frydenvang, Jens, Gaboriaud, Alain, Gailhanou, Marc, Garvin, James, Gasnault, Olivier, Geffroy, Claude, Gellert, Ralf, Genzer, Maria, Glavin, Daniel, Godber, Austin, Goesmann, Fred, Goetz, Walter, Golovin, Dmitry, Gómez Gómez, Felipe, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Gondet, Brigitte, Gordon, Suzanne, Gorevan, Stephen, Grant, John, Griffes, Jennifer, Grinspoon, David, Grotzinger, John, Guillemot, Philippe, Guo, Jingnan, Gupta, Sanjeev, Guzewich, Scott, Haberle, Robert, Halleaux, Douglas, Hallet, Bernard, Hamilton, Vicky, Hardgrove, Craig, Harker, David, Harpold, Daniel, Harri, Ari-Matti, Harshman, Karl, Hassler, Donald, Haukka, Harri, Hayes, Alex, Herkenhoff, Ken, Herrera, Paul, Hettrich, Sebastian, Heydari, Ezat, Hipkin, Victoria, Hoehler, Tori, Hollingsworth, Jeff, Hudgins, Judy, Huntress, Wesley, Hurowitz, Joel, Hviid, Stubbe, Iagnemma, Karl, Indyk, Steve, Israël, Guy, Jackson, Ryan, Jacob, Samantha, Jakosky, Bruce, Jensen, Elsa, Jensen, Jaqueline Kløvgaard, Johnson, Jeffrey, Johnson, Micah, Johnstone, Steve, Jones, Andrea, Joseph, Jonathan, Jun, Insoo, Kah, Linda, Kahanpää, Henrik, Kahre, Melinda, Karpushkina, Natalya, Kasprzak, Wayne, Kauhanen, Janne, Keely, Leslie, Kemppinen, Osku, Keymeulen, Didier, Kim, Myung-Hee, Kinch, Kjartan, King, Penny, Kirkland, Laurel, Kocurek, Gary, Koefoed, Asmus, Köhler, Jan, Kortmann, Onno, Kozyrev, Alexander, Krezoski, Jill, Krysak, Daniel, Kuzmin, Ruslan, Lacour, Jean Luc, Lafaille, Vivian, Langevin, Yves, Lanza, Nina, Lasue, Jeremie, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Lee, Ella Mae, Lee, Qiu-Mei, Lees, David, Lefavor, Matthew, Lemmon, Mark, Lepinette Malvitte, Alain, Léveillé, Richard, Lewin-Carpintier, Éric, Lewis, Kevin, Li, Shuai, Lipkaman, Leslie, Little, Cynthia, Litvak, Maxim, Lorigny, Eric, Lugmair, Guenter, Lundberg, Angela, Lyness, Eric, Madsen, Morten, Maki, Justin, Malakhov, Alexey, Malespin, Charles, Malin, Michael, Mangold, Nicolas, Manhes, Gérard, Manning, Heidi, Marchand, Geneviève, Marín Jiménez, Mercedes, Martín García, César, Martin, Dave, Martin, Mildred, Martínez-Frías, Jesús, Martín-Soler, Javier, Martín-Torres, F Javier, Mauchien, Patrick, Maurice, Sylvestre, McAdam, Amy, McCartney, Elaina, McConnochie, Timothy, McCullough, Emily, McEwan, Ian, McKay, Christopher, McLennan, Scott, McNair, Sean, Melikechi, Noureddine, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Meyer, Michael, Mezzacappa, Alissa, Miller, Hayden, Miller, Kristen, Milliken, Ralph, Ming, Douglas, Minitti, Michelle, Mischna, Michael, Mitrofanov, Igor, Moersch, Jeff, Mokrousov, Maxim, Molina Jurado, Antonio, Moores, John, Mora-Sotomayor, Luis, Morookian, John Michael, Morris, Richard, Morrison, Shaunna, Mueller-Mellin, Reinhold, Muller, Jan-Peter, Muñoz Caro, Guillermo, Nachon, Marion, Navarro López, Sara, Navarro-González, Rafael, Nealson, Kenneth, Nefian, Ara, Nelson, Tony, Newcombe, Megan, Newman, Claire, Newsom, Horton, Nikiforov, Sergey, Nixon, Brian, Noe Dobrea, Eldar, Nolan, Thomas, Oehler, Dorothy, Ollila, Ann, Olson, Timothy, de Pablo Hernández, Miguel Ángel, Paillet, Alexis, Pallier, Etienne, Palucis, Marisa, Parker, Timothy, Parot, Yann, Patel, Kiran, Paton, Mark, Paulsen, Gale, Pavlov, Alex, Pavri, Betina, Peinado-González, Verónica, Peret, Laurent, Perez, Rene, Perrett, Glynis, Peterson, Joe, Pilorget, Cedric, Pinet, Patrick, Pla-García, Jorge, Plante, Ianik, Poitrasson, Franck, Polkko, Jouni, Popa, Radu, Posiolova, Liliya, Posner, Arik, Pradler, Irina, Prats, Benito, Prokhorov, Vasily, Purdy, Sharon Wilson, Raaen, Eric, Radziemski, Leon, Rafkin, Scot, Ramos, Miguel, Rampe, Elizabeth, Raulin, François, Ravine, Michael, Reitz, Günther, Rennó, Nilton, Rice, Melissa, Richardson, Mark, Robert, François, Robertson, Kevin, Rodriguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Romeral-Planelló, Julio J, Rowland, Scott, Rubin, David, Saccoccio, Muriel, Salamon, Andrew, Sandoval, Jennifer, Sanin, Anton, Sans Fuentes, Sara Alejandra, Saper, Lee, Sarrazin, Philippe, Sautter, Violaine, Savijärvi, Hannu, Schieber, Juergen, Schmidt, Mariek, Schmidt, Walter, Scholes, Daniel, Schoppers, Marcel, Schröder, Susanne, Schwenzer, Susanne, Sebastian Martinez, Eduardo, Sengstacken, Aaron, Shterts, Ruslan, Siebach, Kirsten, Siili, Tero, Simmonds, Jeff, Sirven, Jean-Baptiste, Slavney, Susie, Sletten, Ronald, Smith, Michael, Sobrón Sánchez, Pablo, Spanovich, Nicole, Spray, John, Squyres, Steven, Stack, Katie, Stalport, Fabien, Stein, Thomas, Stewart, Noel, Stipp, Susan Louise Svane, Stoiber, Kevin, Stolper, Ed, Sucharski, Bob, Sullivan, Rob, Summons, Roger, Sumner, Dawn, Sun, Vivian, Supulver, Kimberley, Sutter, Brad, Szopa, Cyril, Tan, Florence, Tate, Christopher, Teinturier, Samuel, ten Kate, Inge, Thomas, Peter, Thompson, Lucy, Tokar, Robert, Toplis, Mike, Torres Redondo, Josefina, Trainer, Melissa, Treiman, Allan, Tretyakov, Vladislav, Urqui-O'Callaghan, Roser, Van Beek, Jason, Van Beek, Tessa, VanBommel, Scott, Vaniman, David, Varenikov, Alexey, Vasavada, Ashwin, Vasconcelos, Paulo, Vicenzi, Edward, Vostrukhin, Andrey, Voytek, Mary, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Ward, Jennifer, Weigle, Eddie, Wellington, Danika, Westall, Frances, Wiens, Roger Craig, Wilhelm, Mary Beth, Williams, Amy, Williams, Joshua, Williams, Rebecca, Williams, Richard B, Wilson, Mike, Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert, Wolff, Mike, Wong, Mike, Wray, James, Wu, Megan, Yana, Charles, Yen, Albert, Yingst, Aileen, Zeitlin, Cary, Zimdar, Robert, and Zorzano Mier, María-Paz

Subjects
isotope ratios, MSL-Radiation, Mars
Published
2013

44. Are OEM/EMS Service Agreements Fair?

Author

Berger, Jeff

Subjects
Electronic components industry -- Management, Business, Electronics and electrical industries, Engineering and manufacturing industries
Abstract

Increasingly, despite the recent economic struggle in electronics, electronics manufacturing is still being outsourced to electronics manufacturing services (EMS) providers with demonstrated competency. In fact, many of today's most respected [...]

Published
2001

45. Just Like Old Times

Author

Berger, Jeff and Causer, Craig

Subjects
Williamsburg, Virginia -- Management, Colonial Williamsburg Co. -- Management, Nonprofit organizations -- Management, Social services industry -- Management, Historic sites -- Management, Leisure industry -- Management, Business
Abstract

Nonprofit competes vs. tourist giants Nestled in the Virginia corridor between Richmond and Norfolk lie two perennial tourist attractions. Separated by a scant eight miles, one entertains more than three [...]

Published
2001

46. Government Securities And Bonds Can See You Through The Short Term

Author

BERGER, JEFF

Subjects
Nonprofit organizations -- Investments, Social services industry -- Investments, Investments -- Evaluation, Government securities -- Economic aspects, Business
Abstract

Wall Street used to be called a roller coaster. Now, it's more of a water flume. But, you don't have to get wet. While there may be a $30,000 a [...]

Published
2001

47. Innovative Fund raising Ideas Bring In Cash For Bold Organizations

Author

CARPENTER, CLINT and BERGER, JEFF

Subjects
Business
Abstract

What sounds like a creative way for corporations to improve their image isn't always the brainchild of a for profit company. And when an innovative idea comes from the nonprofit [...]

Published
2001

48. Blame Canada

Author

Berger, Jeff

Subjects
Social services industry -- Laws, regulations and rules, Privacy -- Laws, regulations and rules, Nonprofit organizations -- Laws, regulations and rules, Business
Abstract

There is a tough new privacy law Nonprofits in the United States mailing to or active in Canada should be aware of recently enacted privacy legislation there. Canada's Personal Information [...]

Published
2001

49. Online Abuse

Author

Berger, Jeff

Subjects
Social services industry -- Management, Online services -- Usage, Business
Abstract

Most nonprofits don't have a policy Slightly more than a third of nonprofits polled by The NonProfit Times say that there is employee abuse of the email and Internet access [...]

Published
2001

50. Nonprofit Sector Not Immune From 'Dot-Bombs'

Author

Berger, Jeff

Subjects
Nonprofit organizations -- Management, Social services industry -- Management, Business
Abstract

To hear Pat Jesten, director of sales with GoMembers, Inc., talk about the changing Internet industry, most of the companies would rather be called 'not-coms' than 'dot-coms.' Like several of [...]

Published
2001

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