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This paper details findings from the research work targeted at economic communications investigation with agent-based models usage. The agent-based model set was engineered to simulate economic communications. Money in the form of internal and external currencies was introduced into the models to support exchanges in communications. Every model, being based on the general concept, has its own peculiarities in algorithm and input data set since it was engineered to solve the specific problem. Several and different origin data sets were used in experiments: theoretic sets were estimated on the basis of static Leontief's equilibrium equation and the real set was constructed on the basis of statistical data. While simulation experiments, communication process was observed in dynamics, and system macroparameters were estimated. This research approved that combination of an agent-based and mathematical model can cause a synergetic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has now become generally accepted that the neo-liberal economy based on competition and positive rate of interest, showed its complete failure, and led the global economy to a systemic crisis. The main reason for this situation is the focus of neoliberal concepts on the destruction of the agent economic environment: both natural and social. The accumulated experience of mankind shows that this problem can be solved by the usage of so-called "complementary" currencies (or "community" currencies). One of the main results of complementary currencies usage is stimulation of cooperation in society that lead to a social ecosystem formation. The other result is changing of the society relation to natural resources: it becomes economically viable to develop a less amount of non-renewable natural resources under a negative interest rate conditions. Thus, the use of complementary currencies in local communities changes the priorities of social and economic behavior of people, creating conditions for the formation of the natural eco-thinking. In order to promote such idea of thinking all over the place it is necessary to integrate it into the educational process. This paper is devoted to the development and application of training payment system, which solves the problem of eco-thinking education. Structure and functioning of educational payment system are described. Various cases for using the educational payment system are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to prove the effect of negative interest rates on incentive mechanisms for environmental management. Some countries had already applied negative interest rate but some countries just develop the possibility of implementation to a negative interest rate. In this article authors are looking for the historical reasons for the transition and the possible consequences and opportunities in the future. Therefore the evidence base is founded on the theoretical and empirical methods. The article analyzes the calendar suggests of negative interest rates and mechanisms of interaction with environmental management. In addition, authors asked question: what are the reasons of environmental problems One reason: it is the economic and financial crisis. The article analyzes the prospects of negative interest rates as a tool to prevent the economic crisis and as a result the problem of rational consumption of natural resources. Methodology of analysis of the relationship introducing negative interest rates and economic crisis lies in the construction of the regression equation. Data base: quarterly data of Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland from World data bank. Present study is building a relationship between a negative interest rate, economic crises and environmental management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is the analysis of existing practical solutions of the problem of rational environmental management and environmental protection in urban areas through the use of complementary currencies. The first part of our study is devoted to classification of the payment systems, that are able to provide transactions in "ecological" currencies. The classification is carried out by morphological analysis. This technique allows anyone to get a complete space of variants of an ecologically oriented payment systems realization. Circulation area, the issuer, types of collateral and other features were chosen as the constructive features used for the morphological analysis. The resulting morphological set contains more than 200 elements - different types of payment systems. The correspondence between the known payment systems and individual elements of a morphological set is established. The possibility of realization of perspective types of ecologically friendly payment systems is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The characteristics of effective conductivity of three-phase systems with circular inclusions surrounded by shells are analyzed by the finite element method. The effect of stabilizing the value of the conductivity including an optimum thickness of the shell was discovered. Possible applications of the effect are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]