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Purpose: To evaluate over 5 years the mesial, distal, palatal, and buccal bone levels as well as the buccal bone thickness surrounding scalloped implants that were immediately placed and loaded with provisional crowns fixed on final prefabricated abutments. Materials and Methods: A total of 18 implants were placed and immediately loaded using CAD/CAM technology in 18 patients to replace a single tooth in the anterior maxilla. The marginal bone levels around the scalloped implant necks were measured mesially and distally using intraoral standardized radiographs after crown placement as well as at the 1-, 3-, and 5-year follow-ups. CBCT para-axial cut images were used to measure the bone level buccally and palatally from the implant neck to the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) 5 years after loading. These images were used to evaluate the thickness of the buccal bone at the implant neck and 4 mm apically both immediately after implant placement (T0) and 5 years later. Results: All implants were assessed clinically and radiologically after 5 years. No implant failure was recorded, and the average marginal bone variation for mesial and distal sites was as follows: 0.114 ± 0.135 mm at crown cementation, 0.239 ± 0.158 mm 1 year later, 0.233 ± 0.182 mm 3 years later, and 0.180 ± 0.182 mm 5 years later. Our findings indicate that at T0, the average thickness of the buccal bone was 2.27 mm at the implant neck (M0; ranging from 1.9 to 2.4 mm) and 2.33 mm at 4 mm apical to the implant neck (M1; ranging from 1.9 to 2.9 mm). At 5 years postoperative (T4), the mean had decreased to 1.94 mm at M0 (ranging from 1.7 to 2.3 mm) and 2.14 mm at M1 (ranging from 1.8 to 2.4 mm). After 5 years of functional loading, the mean changes at the buccal and palatal bone for all implants were +0.187 ± 0.52 mm and +0.06 ± 0.38 mm, respectively. Minor prosthetic problems were observed over the 5 years, including incisal ceramic chipping in two crowns and replacement of two crowns due to esthetic reasons after 1 year. No loosening of crowns or abutments was reported. Conclusions: Scalloped-neck implants demonstrated a comparable behavior to regular-neck implants with similar designs in immediate placement and temporization protocol over a 5-year period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) is classified, by the World Health Organization as a benign fibro-osseous lesion related to the tooth and periapical area of the jaws and is considered as a benign reactive process appearing from the apical periodontium in close relation with the apices of teeth. Usually, it is asymptomatic, discovered accidentally, and affecting particularly middle-aged African women. There are four subtypes distinguished of the lesion: periapical (PCOD), focal (FCOD), florid (FLCOD) and familial florid cementoosseous dysplasia (FFLCOD). Pseudocysts found in the jaws go by various names, including solitary bone cyst, traumatic bone cyst, or simple bone cyst (SBC). These two pathologies have been reported separately; however, their co-occurrence remains rare and the first case of FLCOD with co-occurrence of SBC was reported by Melrose et al. in 1976 and later a few cases been reported in the literature. The aim of this report is to describe a case of a 46- year-old oriental female diagnosed with FLCOD with co-occurrence of SBC. Under local analgesia, a surgical exploration of the cyst was performed. In addition, a biopsy with a trephine was done in the region of missing right first mandibular molar. Based on the patient clinical, radiographic, and histological findings, a diagnosis of FLCOD was made in cooccurrence with a mandibular SBC. An examination of another female family member unveils a distinctive case, and the familial factor has been ruled out. No further treatment was planned and only follow-up was suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Cocaine is the second most consumed drug worldwide, more than 0.4% of the global population, and has become a real public health problem in recent years. Its inhalation causes significant centrofacial lesions, grouped under the name cocaine‐induced midline destructive lesion (CIMDL). These destructions are due to the conjunction of the vasoconstrictor, local prothrombogenic effects, and cytotoxic effects of cocaine. The ischemia produced by this substance is due to vasoconstriction that leads to nasal tissue necrosis and perforation of the nasal septum secondary to chondral necrosis. Case Presentation. A 36‐year‐old man, previously grappling with cocaine addiction, was hospitalized to undergo comprehensive clinical, microbiological, and radiological examinations because he was suffering from the emergence of crusts and ulceration in the nasal mucosa, accompanied by a palate perforation, a 39°C fever, and chills. Standard bacteriological culture was positive for coagulase‐negative staphylococci and Escherichia coli, while mycological culture was positive for Candida tropicalis. The CT scan images of the sinuses confirmed the presence of palatal perforation and total destruction of the nasal septum, cartilaginous portion, maxillary sinus medial wall, lower and middle turbinates, and middle meatus. Nasal endoscopy revealed an exposition of the bony wall and displayed the exposition of the occipital bone's clivus. A diagnosis of CIMDL was confirmed. Antibiotic therapy was decided based on antibiogram results by the consulting microbiologist. Debridement of necrotic tissue was done by nasal endoscopy with local cleaning and was repetitive during the first week to maintain the best cleanliness possible. The patient was discharged with oro‐nasal hygiene instructions and referred for prosthetic rehabilation. As for the cocaine addiction, the patient was in follow‐up with a psychologist in a specialized centre. Conclusion. The care is multidisciplinary. Psychological help and assistance are essential to guide patients to become cocaine free and to avoid a relapse. Weaning is a prerequisite for surgery. Rehabilitation of speech and swallowing is necessary. Many local flaps or micro‐anastomoses are possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate retrospectively at 10 years the marginal bone levels around implants located in healed ridges or in extraction sockets and loaded immediately with provisional crowns fixed in prefabricated abutments. Materials and Methods: Forty-two implants were placed in 36 patients needing single tooth replacement. Implants were inserted either in healed ridges (group 1) or in extraction sockets (group 2) and loaded immediately with prefabricated abutments. Two implants were lost during the healing period from group 2. The bone level around the implant shoulder was calculated mesially and distally on each implant using intraoral radiographs after crown cementation and 1, 3, 5, and 10 years following loading. Results: On the 10-year follow-up report, 36 implants were available for the clinical and radiologic evaluation. Besides the two implants lost during the osseointegration period, no implant loss was documented over the 5- to 10-year observation period. The average bone loss after implant and crown cementation was 0.266 ± 0.176 mm for 1 year, 0.194 ± 0.172 mm for 5 years, and 0.198 ± 0.165 mm for 10 years in healed ridges and 0.267 ± 0.161 mm for 1 year, 0.213 ± 0.185 mm for 5 years, and 0.287 ± 0.194 mm for 10 years in extraction sockets. Three crowns (in group 1) and one crown (in group 2) were replaced for esthetic reasons. Conclusion: The outcome of this study revealed that in both groups, the responses of marginal bone were similar. Immediate placement of the definitive prefabricated abutment in an immediate loading protocol appears to conserve marginal bone around the implant neck. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A dentigerous cyst is an epithelial-lined odontogenic cyst formed by an accumulation of fluid between the reduced enamel epithelium and the crown of an unerupted tooth. About 70% of dentigerous cysts occur in the mandible and 30% in the maxilla and the most involved teeth are maxillary canines and maxillary third molars. Dentigerous cysts often displace the related tooth into an ectopic position. In the maxilla, when the cyst expands into the sinus, it usually causes total or partial occupation of the sinus cavity and can extend to the nose. We report a rare case of a 24-year-old woman with bilateral maxillary third molars inside the maxillary sinuses attached to a dentigerous cyst and treated with a minimally invasive endoscopic surgery through the middle meatal meatotomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2017, the World Health Organization classified the odontogenic keratocyst as a developmental odontogenic cyst. The posterior parts of the mandible, especially the angle and the ramus, are the most involved sites. Due to their high recurrence rate, keratocysts are managed surgically with careful complete excision. Additionally, chemical solutions such as Carnoy's solution, modified Carnoy's solution, and 5-Fluorouracil have been associated with surgical treatment. Diode lasers generate diverse wavelengths that have photothermal and photochemical special properties and could have some effects on the lining epithelium remnants of the cyst. In this paper, we discuss a case of mandibular recurrent odontogenic keratocyst treated with 5-Fluorouracil topical application after enucleation and diode laser application with 18 years follow-up and teeth replacement with dental implant. 5-Fluorouracil and diode laser have been found to be very effective in the treatment of keratocysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accidental implant displacement into the maxillary sinuses and accompanying complications are well documented in the literature. Two surgical approaches have been suggested to remove the displaced implants and to handle the related complications: an intraoral approach and the nasal endoscopy. The intraoral approach is preferred in cases of absence of local infection, ostium obstruction, and oroantral communication needing to be closed. The nasal approach, besides retrieval of displaced implants, allows the treatment of any associated pathology and reestablishment of the mucociliary clearance as well as the natural ventilation through the ostium. This article reports two clinical cases of implant displacement in the maxillary sinus treated with a nasal endoscopy through the middle meatal meatotomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Limited information is currently available relative to the effect of masticatory loads on the retentive properties of Locator attachments. The aims of this in vitro study were to assess and compare the effect of simulated mastication on the retention of white, pink, and blue Locator inserts for overdentures retained by 2 implants. Materials and Methods: Thirty specimens simulating a nonanatomic edentulous flat ridge with two implants and an overdenture were divided into 3 groups according to the color of the fitted insert: transparent clear group (n = 10), pink group (n = 10), and blue group (n = 10). Retention forces were measured in an axial direction initially and after 100,000 cycles of simulated masticatory loads. One‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc tests were used to compare retention values and percentage retention loss between the 3 groups with significance set at p = 0.05. Results: The 3 groups presented significant differences in retention at baseline (9.95 ± 1.91 N, 15.43 ± 4.08 N, and 41.73 ± 9.29 N for the blue, pink, and clear groups, respectively) and after simulated mastication (6.37 ± 2.64 N, 14.00 ± 3.89 N, 38.20 ± 5.11 N for the blue, pink, and clear groups, respectively). Within the same group, cyclic loading did not significantly affect retention in the clear and pink groups, while the blue inserts showed a significant retention loss (‐37%) after loading. Conclusions: The results suggest that short‐term simulated mastication affects the extra‐light blue inserts but not the more‐retentive inserts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lingual paresthesia following the surgical placement of implants does not occur frequently. When it does occur, a serious problem may result for the practitioner, especially if the patient has not been informed of the risk before surgery. This report emphasizes the importance of practitioner experience and competence. It also addresses the need for knowledge of the course of the lingual nerve and preoperative planning of implant placement in the mandible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]