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The data base for body weights and growths of 411 Hamra lambs were used to estimate genetic parameters. These lambs were obtained from 31 rams and 493 ewes between 2012 and 2017. Traits analysed were weights at birth (B W), 30 days (W 30), 90 days (W 90) of age, and average daily gains from 10 to 30 (ADG 10-30) and30-90 (ADG 30-90) days. REML estimates of variance and covariance components were obtained assuming animal models that included the fixed effects for year-type of birth (2012 single, 2012 twin,. ., 2017 single, 2017 twin), sex (male, female), and ewes age at lambing (< 18, 18-30, 30-42, 42-54, >54 months). Heritabilities were 0.12, 0.06 and 0.11 respectively for B W , W 3O and W 90 and the average daily gains were 0.05 and 0.17 for ADG 0-30 and ADG 30-90. The estimates of genetic correlations showed no genetic antagonisms among the growth traits. The genetic correlations estimated were positive and medium to high, except those between ADG 30-90 and ADG 0-30 and between ADG 30-90 and W 30 which were slightly negative. Phenotypic correlations were positive and ranged from 0.12 to 0.85. They were high between adjacent weights and between ADG and their corresponding weights.

The purpose of the present paper is to demonstrate the inconsistencies between ethical theory and legal practice of animal treatment. Specifically, we discuss contemporary legal solutions, based on three case studies - Serbian, German and UK positive law, and point out the inconsistencies in them. Moreover, we show that the main cause of these inconsistencies is anthropocentric view of moral relevance. Finally, when it comes to the different treatment of animals living in the wild and domestic animals, we show that the current theoretical explanations are unsatisfactory.

Artificial intelligence in the workplace is becoming increasingly common. These tools are sometimes used to aid users in performing their task, for example, when an artificial intelligence tool assists a radiologist in their search for abnormalities in radiographic images. The use of artificial intelligence brings a wealth of benefits, such as increasing the efficiency and efficacy of performance. However, little research has been conducted to determine how the use of artificial intelligence assistants might affect the user's cognitive skills. In this theoretical perspective, we discuss how artificial intelligence assistants might accelerate skill decay among experts and hinder skill acquisition among learners. Further, we discuss how AI assistants might also prevent experts and learners from recognizing these deleterious effects. We then discuss the types of questions: use-inspired basic cognitive researchers, applied researchers, and computer science researchers should seek to answer. We conclude that multidisciplinary research from use-inspired basic cognitive research, domain-specific applied research, and technical research (e.g., human factors research, computer science research) is needed to (a) understand these potential consequences, (b) design artificial intelligence systems to mitigate these impacts, and (c) develop training and use protocols to prevent negative impacts on users' cognitive skills. Only by answering these questions from multidisciplinary perspectives can we harness the benefits of artificial intelligence in the workplace while preventing negative impacts on users' cognitive skills.

The study explored the relationship between teacher candidates' gratitude and altruism levels and the mediating role of interpersonal communication in this relationship. In the study, correlational survey design, a quantitative research designs, was employed. The study group was made up of 376 teacher candidates (53% female and 47% male) at Erzurum Atatürk University Faculty of Education. The data were collected via Personal Information Form developed by the researcher, Gratitude Scale, developed by Baserer Berber (2021), Altruism Scale, developed by Ümmet, Eksi, and Otar (2013), and Obstacles in Interpersonal Communication Scale, Developed by Baserer, Baserer, and Demirkaya (2016). The data were analyzed using the SPSS-21 package program. In the study, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were calculated in order to determine the relationships between variables, and simple and multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the prediction status. The study findings put forth positive significant relationships between the variables. In addition, interpersonal communications were found to partially play a mediating role in the relationship between teacher candidates' gratitude and altruism levels.

Since its existence, the subject of man has been difficult and painful to understand. Philosophical anthropology comes to the fore as the field that deals with the essence and function of man to make sense of him. Philosophical anthropology tries to evaluate man from his birth to death. By doing so, philosophical anthropology draws on various philosophers. The process of understanding man, which started with Kant, is shaped by names such as Scheler, Cassirer, Mengüsoglu, and Hartmann. In philosophical anthropology, besides these names, Maria Montessori, who assessed man as a child, is also significant. She contributed to philosophical anthropology by actualizing theoretical structures with the Montessori method of education, which is based on the understanding of a child who stands on his/her own feet and which presents a new perspective on the man. This study is considered important in terms of grounding the aforementioned contribution and guiding future studies on the subject.

The aim of this study is to determine the views of candidate science teachers about environmental problems and solutions to these problems. One of the qualitative research designs, phenomenology, was used in the research. Data were collected with a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. In the analysis of the research, a descriptive analysis technique was used. The study was carried out with 19 science teacher candidates. When definitions of the environment are examined, it is as "the environment in which living and non-living beings interact, the area where living things live, the artificial environment-natural environment." Candidate teachers identified air pollution as the most important environmental problem. They stated that environmental problems occur due to production, consumption, both production and consumption and natural reasons. Candidate teachers discussed solution proposals of environmental problems individually, professionally, socially, and administratively. In individual solution proposals, it is recommended to use public transport, to encourage afforestation, to consume resources economically, to reduce the use of perfume-deodorants and fossil fuels, and to raise awareness with experiments, activities, visual and practical solutions under professional solution suggestions. When social solution suggestions are examined, it is stated that to raise awareness; it is necessary to produce visual and artistic activities, meetings, training, and projects, to be engaged in conscious agriculture in managerial solution offers, to use renewable energy sources, to recycle, to build industrial establishments outside of residential areas, to establish treatment facilities, and to install and inspect filters in factory chimneys. [This study was presented as an oral presentation at the conference "VIIIth International Eurasian Educational Research Congress."]

Se propone un análisis de los entornos hostiles que enfrenta actualmente la juventud, en su núcleo familiar, en el ámbito escolar y en su lugar de origen que provocan  la deserción escolar, el desarraigo familiar y  la migración.  Una  reflexión que surge a partir del contacto con las personas estudiantes de educación básica y media superior en México y desde el contacto con poblaciones de alta marginación en zonas urbanas e indígenas del país, se plantea un análisis desde la experiencia docente y formativa, se propone observar con  una mirada  respetuosa y compasiva  hacia la población juvenil que desde un discurso adultocéntrico se  desacredita su papel en nuestra sociedad, se propone abrir las puertas a una nueva perspectiva de juventudes con identidad propia, como agentes del cambio en sus comunidades de origen, papel que legítimamente les pertenece como personas y como ciudadanos.

Given the rapid pace of science today, we can feel the influence of it in all aspects of our lives. Therefore, it is aimed to raise individuals with advanced thinking skills who learn and use knowledge in science class and can combine science and technology. In line with such purposes, it is believed that different methods and techniques are required to be used within classes. In this study, educational game techniques have been used in teaching of the "Structure and Properties of Matter" unit in science class and the effects of this teaching technique have been researched to measure the academic success of students as well as the opinions of students and teachers. Mixed research design has been employed within the study. Control group pre-test - final test model has been preferred for the quantitative dimension of research. "Academic success test on the structure and properties of matter" developed by the researcher has been used for the collection of the quantitative data. In the qualitative dimension of the research, semi-structured interviews, researcher's observations and diaries, and science journals of students have been utilised. According to the findings obtained, educational game has positively affected the students, increased the course success (p<.05) and participation in the course. A significant change has been observed in the success levels of the students and a positive change has been found in their views on the Science lesson.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the cognitive levels of pre-service science teachers according to Bloom's Taxonomy about "density" using daily life problems. The case study design was used in the study. This study was carried out with 45 pre-service teachers. In order to identify the cognitive levels of pre-service teachers about the density subject, a cognitive level test have been used created in line with the Bloom's Taxonomy, formed with the purpose of identifying their views about daily life problems requiring higher level thinking skills. When the cognitive levels of pre-service teachers have been analysed, it has been found out that all the pre-service teachers have completed the knowledge, comprehension and application levels while 20 of them have got through analysis level. 13 of them have passed into the synthesis level which requires a higher level thinking skill while 9 of them have reached the last stage, 'evaluation'. According to the findings, in order to progress within the cognitive thinking levels while learning 'density' subject, students should overcome the mathematical deficiencies and concentrate more on daily life problems which require a higher-level thinking skill.

Summary: Little is known of the scale of avoidable injuries presenting to medical services on a national level in the UK. This study aimed to assess the type and incidence of preventable wrist and hand injuries (as defined by the core research team) at a national level in the UK. 28 UK hospitals undertook a service evaluation of all hand trauma cases presenting to their units over a 2 week period in early 2021 identifying demographical and aetiological information about injuries sustained. 1909 patients were included (184 children) with a median age of 40 (IQR 25-59) years. The commonest five types of injury were fractures of the wrist; single phalangeal or metacarpal fractures; fingertip injuries; and infection, with the most common mechanisms being mechanical falls and manual labour. This is the first extensive survey of preventable hand injuries in the UK, identifying a need for further work into prevention to reduce healthcare burden and cost. 50% of injuries presenting to hand surgeons are preventable, with the most common injuries being single fractures of the wrist, phalanx and metacarpal. Few preventable injuries were related to alcohol or narcotic intoxication. Further research is needed to identify how to initiate injury prevention measures for hand injuries, particularly focussed towards hand fracture prevention.