1. Etiopathogenesis and prognostic implications of autoimmune hemolytic anemia association with chronic lymphocytic leukemia B
- Author
-
Oprea, MM, Ivanescu, AM, Colita, A, Coles, E, Momanu, RC, Berbec, N, and Lupu, AR
- Subjects
TH - helper T cells ,IgG - immunoglobulin G CD cells ,DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid ,chronic lymphocytic leukemia B ,ALPS - autoimmune/ lymphoproliferative syndrome ,BCR - B cell receptor ,ALD - autoimmune lymphoproliferative disease ,ZAP70 - zeta-chain associated protein kinase 70kDa ,CLL - chronic lymphocytic leukemia ,Treg - regulatory T cells ,IgVH - immunoglobulin heavy chain ,self-reactive T cells ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,RBC - red blood cells ,RNA - Ribonucleic acid ,Original Article ,autoreactive B-lymphocytes ,AHAI - autoimmune hemolytic anemia ,Rh protein - Rhesus - type of protein on the surface of red blood cells ,autoimmune hemolytic anemia ,Fas /Fas ligand - apoptosis pathway that causes cell death ,APC - antigen presentation cells - Abstract
Biological complexity of mechanisms of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AHAI) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B (CLL) and the relation cause / effect between these two diseases has been extensively researched, but currently is still far from being completely understood. It is known that the immune system has an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases but also in the chronic lymphoproliferative malignancies. In this process of autoimmunity associated with immunodeficiency, the CLL neoplastic cells, the non-malignant B cells, T cells, and the cellular microenvironment cells are also involved. CLL pathological lymphocytes change peripheral immune tolerance acting as an antigen presenting cells and / or cells expressing inhibitory cytokines. The two subpopulations of T cells also have an important place: self-reactive T helper cells (TH) and regulatory T cells (Treg). The Fas / Fas ligand - cell death mechanism has a significant role both in maintaining cellular homeostasis, malignant hematopoietic cell expansion and the development of autoimmune disorders, including AIHA. The article reviews the etiopathogenesis of the autoimmune mechanism of AIHA in CLL, and its impact on the prognosis and long – term survival of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia B.
- Published
- 2019