44 results on '"Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota"'
Search Results
2. Modeling VI and VDRL feedback functions: searching normative rules through computational simulation
- Author
-
Silveira, Paulo Sergio Panse, Siqueira, Jose de Oliveira, Bernardy, Joao Lucas, Santiago, Jessica, Meneses, Thiago Cersosimo, Portela, Bianca Sanches, and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota
- Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods - Abstract
In this paper, we present a R script named Beak, built to simulate rates of behavior interacting with schedules of reinforcement. Using Beak, we've simulated data that allows an assessment of different reinforcement feedback functions (RFF). This was made with unparalleled precision, since simulations provide huge samples of data and, more importantly, simulated behavior isn't changed by the reinforcement it produces. Therefore, we can vary it systematically. We've compared different RFF for RI schedules, using as criteria: meaning, precision, parsimony and generality. Our results indicate that the best feedback function for the RI schedule was published by Baum (1981). We also propose that the model used by Killeen (1975) is a viable feedback function for the RDRL schedule. We argue that Beak paves the way for greater understanding of schedules of reinforcement, addressing still open questions about quantitative features of schedules. Also, they could guide future experiments that use schedules as theoretical and methodological tools., Comment: This is a revised version of the manuscript submitted for consideration for publication in the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (JEAB) in July 6th, 2022. Supplemental material is available under SourceForge at https://sourceforge.net/projects/simpleschedules/
- Published
- 2021
3. Schedule Performance as a Baseline for the Experimental Analysis of Coordinated Behavior: Same or Different Units of Analysis?
- Author
-
de Toledo, Thais Ferro Nogara, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, Marques, Natalia Santos, and Glenn, Sigrid S.
- Subjects
Psychological research ,Reinforcement (Psychology) -- Research ,Collective behavior -- Research ,Psychology and mental health - Abstract
The concept of metacontingency describes a contingent relation between the coordination of two or more individual's behavior and a selecting consequence. The concept provides several insightful avenues for experimental investigation of social behavior and behavior of people in groups. The present study explores the question of whether operant behavior of individuals and coordinated behavior of multiple individuals can be distinguished as two different conditionable units of analysis. We used rates of individual responding maintained by ratio or interval schedules of reinforcement as a baseline to evaluate the effect of consequences contingent on coordinated behavior of 27 participants in groups of three. Coordination demanded temporal spacing between responses of three participants superimposed on the variable interval or variable ratio individual reinforcement schedules. The results showed that contingency on coordinated behaviors resulted in an increased rate of coordination along with a decreased rate of responding to individual schedules. Interresponse times (IRTs) from all participants were sensitive to the coordination contingency. We discuss the need to distinguish units of analysis that describe individual behavior and units describing coordinated behavior, although these units may occur simultaneously. Keywords Schedules of reinforcement * coordination * metacontingencies, An interesting and challenging characteristic of social behavior is that reinforcement of one individual's behavior usually depends at least partly on another individual's behavior. Thus, individual behavior becomes a discriminative [...]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Willingness to produce disadvantageous outcomes in cooperative tasks is modulated by recent experience
- Author
-
Lionello-DeNolf, Karen M., Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota, and Suarez, Carla Jordão
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Persistence of repeated self-reported illusion of control as a product of action and outcome association in productive and preventive scenarios
- Author
-
Simões, Reinaldo Augusto Gomes, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, Rodrigues, Aline de Souza, Coutinho, Stela Pereira, Muñoz, Miguel Ángel, and Bizarro, Lisiane
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Comparing illusion of control and superstitious behavior: Rate of responding influences judgment of control in a free-operant procedure
- Author
-
Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, de Toledo, Thais Ferro Nogara, Simões, Reinaldo Augusto Gomes, and Bizarro, Lisiane
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Cooperation and Metacontingency in Pigeons
- Author
-
Velasco, Saulo Missiaggia, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, Sampaio, Angelo A.S., and Tomanari, Gerson Yukio
- Subjects
Psychological research ,Animal social behavior -- Research ,Pigeons -- Behavior ,Psychology and mental health - Abstract
Three pairs of pigeons were exposed to a procedure that combined features of classic studies on social behavior (cooperation) and recent studies that were inspired by the notion of metacontingency. We examined interactions between simultaneous demands for behavior of individual pigeons and interlocked behaviors of pairs of pigeons. The pigeons worked face to face in an operant conditioning box that was divided by a transparent wall. Each side of the box had two horizontally aligned response keys on the floor. Working individually, each pigeon produced 3-s access to food (individual consequence). In a subsequent phase, if the pigeons coordinated their responses, then they could produce food for an additional 4 s (mutual consequence). Initially, the individual consequence was produced on more than 75% of the trials. The interlocking pattern that was required to produce mutual consequences in the subsequent phase was observed on less than 50% of the trials for all pairs of pigeons. Adding the mutual contingency of reinforcement led to (a) a slight reduction of the production of individual and mutual consequences without any coordinated response pattern; (b) the maintenance of high percentages of individual consequences with a concomitant increase in mutual consequences; and (c) for only one subject, an increase in the production of mutual consequences that were accompanied by a decrease in the rate of individual consequences. We discuss the ways in which cooperation and metacontingency experiments should be integrated, the ways in which interlocking behaviors of nonhuman animals can be generated, and the role of verbal behavior in the emergence of cooperation and cultural processes. Keywords Social behavior * Cooperation * Mutual reinforcement * Cultural selection * Metacontingency * Pigeons, Social behavior, social learning, and cultural evolution are topics that intersect several academic disciplines, including biology, psychology, anthropology, and sociology (Boyd & Richerson, 2005; Heyes & Galef, 1996; Mesoudi, 2011; [...]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Modeling VI and VDRL feedback functions: Searching normative rules through computational simulation
- Author
-
Silveira, Paulo Sergio Panse, primary, de Oliveira Siqueira, José, additional, Bernardy, João Lucas, additional, Santiago, Jessica, additional, Meneses, Thiago Cersosimo, additional, Portela, Bianca Sanches, additional, and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Rachlin's extended self: Influences on a Brazilian research group
- Author
-
Bernardy, João Lucas, primary, Santiago, Jéssica B., additional, Siqueira, José Oliveira, additional, Silveira, Paulo Sergio Panse, additional, de Souza, Altay, additional, and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Análise quantitativa do comportamento: possíveis interfaces entre Psicologia e Economia no estudo de tomada de decisões
- Author
-
Meneses, Thiago Cersosimo, primary, Portella, Bianca Sanches, additional, and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Willingness to produce disadvantageous outcomes in cooperative tasks is modulated by recent experience.
- Author
-
Lionello-DeNolf, Karen M., Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota, and Suarez, Carla Jordão
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL influence , *CARD games , *AVERSION , *CROSS-cultural differences - Abstract
Cooperative behavior represents a situation in which individuals sometimes act in a way that produces a gain to another at a cost to themselves. This may be explained by a history of repeated interactions with others in which such behavior has resulted in reciprocal cooperation from others. Sometimes, even with reciprocal cooperation, gains and costs are unbalanced between partners. In this case, there is evidence that people may present an aversion to both disadvantageous and advantageous distributions of gains. In other words, they may act in such a way as to ensure an equal outcome among all group members. Aversion to inequity that benefits oneself (advantageous inequity (AI) aversion) may be more dependent on social and cultural cues than aversion to inequity that benefits others (disadvantageous inequity (DI) aversion). Using both between-subjects (Experiment 1) and within-subjects (Experiment 2) manipulations, the influence of recent experience with AI on participants' willingness to produce DI was explored within the context of a two-player card game. In initial game phases, the percentage of trials in which the participant experienced AI was manipulated. In subsequent game phases, participants had the opportunity to produce DI to themselves. The results from both experiments suggest that aversion to DI is reduced by recent experience with AI. This procedure allows social influences on DI to be tested, which may be important for providing a psychological explanation of cultural differences in aversion to DI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Behavior and illusions: a model to study superstition in a participant replacement experiment
- Author
-
Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, de Toledo, Thais Ferro Nogara, Velasco, Saulo Missiaggia, and Duarte, Flavia Meneses
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Comportement et sélection par conséquences : l’analyse comportementale au Brésil - entre dogme et science
- Author
-
Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota and Baia, Fabio Henrique
- Subjects
psychologie ,análisis de comportamiento, ciencias, psicología, selección de consecuencias ,seleção por consequências ,psychology ,selection by consequences ,behavior analysis ,sélection par conséquences ,isolamento ,ciência ,análise do comportamento ,analyse comportamentale ,aislamiento ,psicologia ,isolation ,science ,isolement - Abstract
Resumo Considerando-se as recentes discussões sobre a definição de comportamento e do modelo de seleção por consequências conduzidas por pesquisadores brasileiros, discutimos a necessidade de maior participação das contribuições da análise experimental do comportamento no debate de conceitos da área e mais interação da área com outros sistemas em Psicologia. Criticamos o isolamento em relação à produção de conhecimento de outras áreas e a adoção de figuras de autoridade a partir da qual se possa fazer a avaliação das novidades da área. Para tanto, a análise do contexto no qual Skinner propôs seu modelo de seleção por consequências precisa ser feita para clara compreensão das contribuições mais importantes dessa proposta. Mostramos que a discussão sobre a distinção operante-respondente e a pertinência da noção de metacontingências são exemplos de revisão conceitual feita com base em dados e articulação entre áreas de pesquisa com epistemologias e metodologias diferentes, mas possíveis de serem articuladas. Abstract Based on recent discussions about the definition of behavior and the selection by consequences approach conducted by Brazilian researchers, this essay discusses the need for greater participation of the contributions from experimental behavior analysis this debate and more interaction of the field with other systems in Psychology. The paper criticizes its isolation with respect to knowledge production in other areas and the adoption of authority figures from which novelties in the field can be evaluated. Hence, Skinner’s model of selection by consequences must be analyzed in context for a clear understanding of its most important contributions to Psychology. The essay argues that discussions on the operant-responder distinction and about metacontingencies are examples of conceptual revision based on data and articulation between areas of research with different epistemologies and methodologies. Résumé A partir des récentes discussions sur la définition du comportement l’approche de la sélection par conséquences menées par des chercheurs brésiliens, cet éssai discute la nécessité d’une plus grande participation des contributions de l’analyse expérimentale du comportement à ce débat et d’une plus grande interaction du domaine avec d’autres systèmes de la psychologie. L’article critique son isolement par rapport à la production de connaissances dans d’autres domaines et l’adoption de figures d’autorité à partir desquelles les nouveautés dans le domaine peuvent être évaluées. Ainsi, le modèle de séléction par conséquences de Skinner doit être analyser en context pour une compréhension claire de ses contributions les plus importantes à la psychologie. L’essai soutien que les discussions sur la distinction opérant-répondeur est un exemple de révision conceptuelle basée sur les données et l’articulation entre des domaines de recherche avec des épistémologies et des méthodologies différentes. Resumen Desde la perspectiva de discusiones recientes sobre la definición de conducta y el modelo de selección por consecuencias realizadas por investigadores brasileños, en este ensayo discutimos la necesidad de una mayor participación de los aportes del análisis experimental de la conducta en el debate de conceptos en el área y una mayor interacción del área con otros sistemas en Psicología. Criticamos el aislamiento en relación a la producción de conocimiento de otras áreas y la adopción de una figura de autoridad a partir de la cual se evalúe las novedades en el área. Por tanto, el análisis del contexto en el que Skinner propuso su modelo de selección por consecuencias debe realizarse para una clara comprensión de los aportes más importantes de esta propuesta. La discusión sobre la distinción operante-respondedor es un ejemplo de revisión conceptual basada en datos y articulación entre áreas de investigación con diferentes epistemologías y metodologías, pero posibles de articularlas.
- Published
- 2022
14. Comportamento e seleção pelas consequências: a análise do comportamento no Brasil entre o dogma e a ciência
- Author
-
Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota, primary and Baia, Fabio Henrique, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Modeling VIand VDRLfeedback functions: Searching normative rules through computational simulation
- Author
-
Silveira, Paulo Sergio Panse, Oliveira Siqueira, José, Bernardy, João Lucas, Santiago, Jessica, Meneses, Thiago Cersosimo, Portela, Bianca Sanches, and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota
- Abstract
We present the mathematical description of feedback functions of variable interval and variable differential reinforcement of low rates as functions of schedule size only. These results were obtained using an R script named Beak, which was built to simulate rates of behavior interacting with simple schedules of reinforcement. Using Beak, we have simulated data that allow an assessment of different reinforcement feedback functions. This was made with unparalleled precision, as simulations provide huge samples of data and, more importantly, simulated behavior is not changed by the reinforcement it produces. Therefore, we can vary response rates systematically. We've compared different reinforcement feedback functions for random interval schedules, using the following criteria: meaning, precision, parsimony, and generality. Our results indicate that the best feedback function for the random interval schedule was published by Baum (1981). We also propose that the model used by Killeen (1975) is a viable feedback function for the random differential reinforcement of low rates schedule. We argue that Beak paves the way for greater understanding of schedules of reinforcement, addressing still open questions about quantitative features of simple schedules. Also, Beak could guide future experiments that use schedules as theoretical and methodological tools.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Free Culturant: A Software for the Experimental Study of Behavioral and Cultural Selection
- Author
-
Toledo, Thais Ferro Nogara de, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, Sampaio, Angelo A. S., Marques, Natália Santos, Cabral, Pedro Augusto dos Anjos, Araújo, Lorena Alves de Souza, Machado, Leandro Reis, and Moreira, Leandro Rodrigues
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Reciprocity With Unequal Payoffs: Cooperative and Uncooperative Interactions Affect Disadvantageous Inequity Aversion
- Author
-
Suarez, Carla Jordão, primary, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota, additional, Couto, Kalliu Carvalho, additional, Siqueira, José Oliveira, additional, Abreu-Rodrigues, Josele, additional, Lionello-DeNolf, Karen M., additional, and Sandaker, Ingunn, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Direcciones Conceptuales y Experimentales para el Analisis de la Supersticion en el Analisis Conductual de la Cultura
- Author
-
Marques, Natalia, Leite, Felipe, and Lobato Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota
- Published
- 2012
19. Estudo experimental da cooperação na análise do comportamento: Buscando integrar aprendizagem, evolução e desenvolvimento
- Author
-
Suarez, Carla Jordão, primary, Villela, Cesar Augusto Silva do Nascimento, primary, and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, primary
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Persistence of repeated self-reported illusion of control as a product of action and outcome association in productive and preventive scenarios
- Author
-
Simões, Reinaldo Augusto Gomes, primary, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, additional, Rodrigues, Aline de Souza, additional, Coutinho, Stela Pereira, additional, Muñoz, Miguel Ángel, additional, and Bizarro, Lisiane, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. EFEITOS DA EXIGÊNCIA DE DESEMPENHOS ENTRELAÇADOS SOBRE LINHA DE BASE EM ESQUEMA SIMPLES DE REFORÇO
- Author
-
Toledo, Thaís Ferro Nogara de, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, and CAPES e Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso (FAPEMAT)
- Abstract
Foram investigados os efeitos da exigência de desempenhos entrelaçados, espaçamento de respostas de três participantes, sobre o responder de tríades em esquemas de reforço em intervalo variável. A tarefa consistiu em um jogo, no qual a única resposta possível, clicar o botão do mouse, era livre para ocorrer e podia produzir consequências individuais (em VI 3 s ou VI 12 s) e consequências contingentes à exigência de que os participantes clicassem espaçadamente em relação uns aos outros. Doze estudantes universitários formaram quatro tríades. Duas condições foram programadas em um delineamento de reversão ABAB: Condição A, apenas contingência operante; Condição B, contingências operante e cultural em vigor. Os resultados mostraram que, independente do parâmetro do esquema de reforçamento individual, a sobreposição da exigência de desempenho entrelaçado selecionou um padrão de coordenação entre as respostas dos participantes. A suspensão e reintrodução da exigência do entrelaçamento mostrou que mudanças sistemáticas no padrão de ocorrência dos desempenhos entrelaçados foram função da variável manipulada. A exigência de espaçamento entre as respostas dos participantes para produção de uma consequência arranjada experimentalmente pode ser caracterizada como uma metacontingência. O procedimento, nesse sentido, demonstra a atuação de níveis diferentes de variação e seleção em ação simultaneamente para o comportamento dos participantes e para desempenhos entrelaçados. Palavras-chave: Seleção cultural, contingências comportamentais entrelaçadas, esquemas de reforço, operante livre., This study investigated the effects of an interlocking performance requirement, spacing of responses of three participants, on the triads’ operant pattern in variable interval schedule of reinforcement. The task consisted of a kind of game in which the only possible response, click the mouse button, was free to occur and could produce individual consequences (in VI 3 s or VI 12 s) and consequences contingent on the requirement that participants to click spaced with respect to each other. Twelve college students constituted four triads. Two conditions were programmed in a reversal design ABAB: Condition A, only operant contingency was in effect; Condition B, operant and cultural contingencies in effect. The results showed that, regardless of the individual schedule of reinforcement parameters, the overlap of an interlocking performance requirement selected a pattern of coordination among participants' responses. The suspension and reintroduction of interlocking requirement showed that systematic changes in the pattern of occurrence of interlocking behavior were function of the manipulated variable. The requirement of spacing between participants' responses to produce an experimentally arranged consequence can be characterized as a metacontingency. The procedure, in this sense, demonstrates the effects of different levels of variation and selection in action simultaneously for individual behavior and for interlocking performances. Key words: Cultural Selection, interlocking behavioral contingencies, schedules of reinforcement, free operant.
- Published
- 2016
22. Afeto e comportamento social no planejamento do ensino: a importância das consequências do comportamento
- Author
-
Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, primary, Oliveira, Thais Porlan de, additional, and Lyle, Leticia Albernaz Guimarães, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Contato com a realidade, crenças, ilusões e superstições
- Author
-
Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, primary
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. The Study of Superstition in Behavioral Sciences: Discussing Experimental Arrangements and Theoretical Assumptions
- Author
-
Marques, Natáli S., primary and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota L.., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Efeito de Regras Inacuradas e Monitoramento sobre Desempenhos em Programas de Reforços
- Author
-
Ramos, Murilo Nogueira, primary, Costa, Carlos Eduardo, additional, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota, additional, and Andrade, Camila Carvalho Faria, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Conceptual and Experimental Directions for Analyzing Superstition in the Behavioral Analysis of Culture
- Author
-
Marques, Natalia, Leite, Felipe, and Lobato Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota
- Subjects
Análisis Conductual de la Cultura ,Behavioral Analysis of Culture ,superstition ,creencias ,superstición ,beliefs ,illusions ,ilusiones - Abstract
This paper examines the notions of illusions and beliefs, discussing some advantages offered by the study of these phenomena based on the concepts of superstitious behavior, superstition and superstitious rules. Among these advantages, the study highlights the possibility of researching these relationships in different levels of analysis, not only at the individual level, focusing on cultural level, this paper presents Cultural Materialism as an anthropological proposal for the consideration of these phenomena on the cultural level and based on adaptive principles, besides it discusses the experimental analysis of cultural practices and points out how they can help to understand how people in groups behave such as they are being effective in the control of the surrounding environment (when, sometimes, in fact, they are not). The paper offers an integrative proposal which makes easier behavior analysts' dialogue with social psychologists and offers some routes from cultural analysis of illusions and beliefs. Este trabajo examina las nociones de ilusiones y creencias, discutiendo algunas ventajas que ofrece estudiar tales fenómenos basándose en los conceptos de conducta supersticiosa, superstición y reglas supersticiosas. El trabajo pone de relieve la posibilidad de investigar estas nociones en diferentes niveles de análisis, no sólo a nivel individual, centrándose en el nivel cultural; por otra parte, se presenta el Materialismo Cultural como una propuesta antropológica basada en principios adaptativos, la cual se adecua para tratar estos fenómenos en este nivel, además, discute el Análisis Experimental de las prácticas culturales y señala cómo estos análisis pueden ayudar a entender cómo la gente, en grupo, se comporta como si tuvieran control de su ambiente (cuando, a veces, de hecho, no lo tienen). Este trabajo ofrece una propuesta integradora que facilita el diálogo entre analistas de la conducta y psicólogos sociales y ofrece algunas rutas para un análisis cultural de las ilusiones y las creencias.
- Published
- 2012
27. Metacontingencies, experimentation and nonhumans: searching for conceptual and methodological advances
- Author
-
Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota
- Subjects
COMPORTAMENTO SOCIAL - Published
- 2012
28. Free culturant: A software for the experimental study of behavioral and cultural selection.
- Author
-
de Toledo, Thais Ferro Nogara, primary, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, additional, Sampaio, Angelo A. S., additional, Marques, Natália Santos, additional, dos Anjos Cabral, Pedro Augusto, additional, de Souza Araújo, Lorena Alves, additional, Machado, Leandro Reis, additional, and Moreira, Leandro Rodrigues, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. A Análise do Comportamento no contexto do estudo evolucionista do comportamento social e da cultura
- Author
-
Sampaio, Angelo Augusto Silva, primary, Ottoni, Eduardo Benedicto, additional, and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Affection and social behavior in teaching planning: the role of the consequences of behavior.
- Author
-
Lobato Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota, de Oliveira, Thais Porlan, and Guimarães Lyle, Leticia Albernaz
- Subjects
- *
INTERPERSONAL relations , *LOVE - Abstract
Our goal in this paper is to reflect on the need for an integrated view of development of cognition and affection for academic planning. We explored, in particular, the role of consequences of student behavior, which is one of the major contributions to psychology from behavior analysis. The key issue for this integrated approach is to look at the student as an active subject, one that manipulates and transforms the surrounding environment at all times. The social relationships that are developed in this context involve interwoven behavioral units. Sometimes, individuals act over the environment, transforming it; sometimes they serve as critical aspects of the environment in which others act. Based on these considerations, this article points to the need of identifying relationships between individuals and their social environment, especially those relationships which can be described using the notion of positive social reinforcement (adding something). In this sense, social relationships should be planned based on the contributions from studies showing the role of the consequences of human behavior, especially social behavior. As a result, the text points out that the practical tool to deal with issues related to affection and cognition in teaching involves identifying and dealing with the social consequences of people's behavior. Criticism to the concept of reinforcement for the analysis of human behavior are opposed to the notion that requires dealing with the effects of the consequences, taking into account the complexity of human behavior in social contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Promoção de mudanças de comportamentos em crianças: O papel do automonitoramento do comportamento dos cuidadores
- Author
-
Vendramine, Carolina Maia, primary and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, primary
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. CONTROLE RESTRITO EM UMA TAREFA DE MATCHING-TO-SAMPLE COM PALAVRAS E SÍLABAS: AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE UMA CRIANÇA DIAGNOSTICADA COM AUTISMO
- Author
-
Da Hora, Cássia Leal, primary and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Avaliando a interação de instruções e comportamento supersticioso em esquemas concorrentes
- Author
-
Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, primary, Sousa, Jéssica De, additional, and Miguel, Caio Flavio, additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Evaluating the role of verbal behavior on “superstitious” behavior acquisition
- Author
-
Panetta, Paulo André Barbosa, primary, Hora, Cássia Leal da, additional, and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Avaliando o papel do comportamento verbal para aquisição de comportamento “supersticioso”
- Author
-
Panetta, Paulo André Barbosa, primary, Hora, Cássia Leal da, additional, and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Reforçamento automático: estratégias de análise e intervenção.
- Author
-
de Barros, Thiago and Lobato Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota
- Subjects
FUNCTIONAL analysis ,BEHAVIORAL assessment ,REINFORCEMENT (Psychology) ,BEHAVIORAL research ,EMPIRICAL research ,STRATEGIC planning - Abstract
Copyright of Acta Comportamentalia is the property of Instituto de Psicologia y Educacion de la Universidad Veracruzana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
37. Metacontingencies, Experimentation and Nonhumans: Searching for Conceptual and Methodological Advances.
- Author
-
Velasco, Saulo Missiaggia, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota, and Tomanari, Gerson Yukio
- Subjects
- *
CONTINGENCY (Philosophy) , *EXPERIMENTS , *CONCEPT learning , *ANIMAL models in research , *VERBAL behavior , *HUMAN behavior - Abstract
Metacontingency has been described as the functional relation between interlocking behavioral contingencies, plus their direct and immediate effect, called aggregated product, and a selecting event dependent of such effect, called cultural consequence. The metacontingencies analysis enables the discussion of human behavior complexity in social systems. In the present study, we aimed to review and discuss: (a) the importance of basic behavioral processes analysis for the comprehension of social human phenomena; (b) the necessity of constructing and improving metacontingencies experimental models; (c) the current state of metacontingencies experimental investigations in humans; (d) the use of animal models as a way to control the effects of verbal behavior, among other variables, over cultural selection; (e) a concrete and illustrative proposal of an animal model of metacontingencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
38. Respostas de observação mantidas por estímulos compostos em pombos.
- Author
-
Lobato Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota and Tomanari, Gerson Yukio
- Subjects
FOOD handling ,FOOD safety ,CONDITIONED response ,PIGEONS ,ASSOCIATION of ideas ,STIMULUS synthesis - Abstract
Copyright of Acta Comportamentalia is the property of Instituto de Psicologia y Educacion de la Universidad Veracruzana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
39. Social skills evaluation in juvenile offender interactions with relatives and friends : A metacontingency analysis
- Author
-
Fogaça, Fabiane Ferraz Silveira, Del Prette, Almir, and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato
- Subjects
Juvenile offender ,Social skilss ,Metacontingências ,PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL::RELACOES INTERPESSOAIS [CIENCIAS HUMANAS] ,Família ,Adolescente em conflito com a lei ,Habilidades sociais ,Family ,Metacontingencies - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) The study of juvenile offender’s interactions with mother, brother, and friend indicates which categories of social skills (assertiveness, self-control, conversation, and empathy) are established by shaping and modeling processes. Furthermore, it produces more evidences to the relationship between prosocial and antisocial behavior. This study aimed to describe a set of interlocking behavioral contingencies (IBCs) comprised by categories of social skills, which in turn contribute to legal measures outcomes. This study is made up by three independent chapters. The chapter 1. “Social skills of young offenders and at risk adolescents” discussed the social skills repertories as one of multiple factors of evaluation and intervention with adolescents. In summary, the outcomes indicated improvement on social skills categories, specially presented in home settings, the decrease of offending persistence, and lower evidences of the impact of social skills improvements on other adults and peers relationships. The chapter 2, named “Contributions of conceptual, descriptive and experimental metacontingencies studies to family interactions”, explored the metacontingency unit of analysis. Specifically, it discussed the interpersonal relationship patterns as behavioral products transmitted along family members. The last chapter, named “Identifying social skills repertoires in juvenile offenders´ interactions with relatives and friends: a metacontingencies analysis” aimed to describe IBCs that contribute to legal measures results. The participants were three families composed by a mother, a juvenile offender, and a brother without a history of delinquency. Self-reports instruments and interviews were used. The data analysis procedures were as follows: the development of IBCs coding system, establishing relationship between categories of IBCs and categories of social skills, and establishing relationship between categories of IBCs and categories of aggregate products. The results suggested that the participants, who achieved better scores on socials skills categories, also got engaged in conversation, support, negotiation, cooperation, and rules establishment interactions. Also they achieved some of the goals of legal measures (aggregate products). O exame de interações regulares do adolescente em conflito com a lei com os seus pais, irmãos e amigos indica quais categorias de habilidades sociais (principalmente assertividade, autocontrole, conversação e empatia) são fortalecidas por processos de modelagem e modelação e traz mais indícios à discussão da relação entre comportamento social e padrão antissocial. Neste estudo foi analisado um conjunto de contingências comportamentais entrelaçadas estabelecedoras de repertórios de habilidades sociais e que estão associadas à produção de objetivos de medidas socioeducativas. Este estudo é composto por três capítulos, que de forma independente, buscam responder a questões específicas. O capítulo 1. “Habilidades sociais e adolescência: considerações sobre os adolescentes em situação de risco ou envolvidos em conduta infracional” discutiu a inclusão do repertório de habilidades sociais como uma das variáveis de avaliação e intervenção com adolescentes. Conclui-se que investimentos com a população de adolescentes em conflito com a lei têm se concentrado na avaliação e promoção de classes de HS, com indicativos de melhoras nas habilidades treinadas, enfatizando o ambiente familiar como contexto natural, associados a redução de reincidência, ainda que com pouca ênfase no impacto de inserção em outros contextos sociais com adultos e pares significativos. O capítulo 2. “Contribuições de estudos teóricos, descritivos, quase experimentais e experimentais na discussão de metacontingências em interações familiares” explorou a metacontingência como uma unidade de análise e discute-se, que padrões de relacionamento interpessoal podem ser entendidos como produtos comportamentais selecionados e transmitidos entre indivíduos de uma mesma família. Por fim, o capítulo 3. “Identificando repertórios de habilidades sociais em interações do adolescente em conflito com a lei com familiares e amigos: uma análise de metacontingências” buscou analisar contingências comportamentais entrelaçadas (CCEs), compostas por categorias de habilidades sociais, das quais adolescentes em conflito com a lei, mães, irmãos e amigos participam na relação com produtos agregados da intervenção socioeducativa. Participaram do estudo três famílias compostas por um adolescente em conflito com a lei, um adolescente sem histórico de infração e a mãe. Os dados foram coletados por meio de aplicação de instrumentos padronizados e entrevistas. Os dados foram organizados a partir das etapas: desenvolvimento de um sistema de categorização de contingências comportamentais entrelaçadas, (CCEs), estabelecimento de relações entre categorias de CCEs e categorias de habilidades sociais e estabelecimento de relações entre categorias de CCEs e categorias de produtos agregados. Os resultados sugerem que os participantes que alcançaram escores mais elevados em HS (assertividade, autocontrole, conversação e empatia) e se engajaram em interações de negociação, conversação, apoio, cooperação, estabelecimento de regras e afastamento de pares antissociais conseguiram alcançar alguns dos objetivos da medida socioeducativa (produtos agregados).
- Published
- 2015
40. Os efeitos da yoga sobre as respostas características da síndrome do intestino irritável
- Author
-
Medeiros, Paula Azevedo de, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota, and Gimenes, Lincoln da Silva
- Subjects
Intestinos - doenças ,Yoga - Abstract
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Comportamento, 2013. A síndrome do intestino irritável é um distúrbio intestinal funcional comum caracterizada por desconforto abdominal recorrente e função intestinal anormal. Evidencias experimentais indicam que a qualidade de vida e o estresse podem exacerbar os sintomas da SII. Pretendeu-se ao longo desta pesquisa verificar a relação existente entre a prática de yoga com a melhora nos sintomas de pacientes diagnosticados com Síndrome do Intestino Irritável. Adicionalmente, pretendeu-se também contribuir para a descrição das variáveis comportamentais que podem atuar na síndrome. Foi realizada uma análise do repertório de quatro pacientes diagnosticados com SII, sendo dois deles diagnosticados com diarreia, um diagnosticado com constipação e um com hábitos intestinais mistos. Seis semanas de aulas de yoga foram oferecidas aos participantes em momentos diferentes da pesquisa. Registros de atividades diárias, alimentação e funcionamento intestinal foram feitos pelos participantes tanto na linha de base quanto na fase de tratamento. Por meio desses registros foi possível identificar as alterações nos sintomas dos participantes. Contrariando alguns estudos, a prática de yoga não demonstrou melhora significativa nos sintomas dos participantes. Este resultado pode estar relacionado à manutenção da contingência que mantém a SII para cada participante. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional bowel disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal discomfort and abnormal bowel function. Experimental evidence indicates that the quality of life and stress can exacerbate the symptoms of IBS. It was intended throughout this research study the relationship between the practice of yoga with improvement in symptoms of patients diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Additionally, we intended to also contribute to the description of the behavioral variables that can act in the syndrome. An analysis of the repertoire of four patients diagnosed with IBS, two of them being diagnosed with diarrhea, one diagnosed with constipation and one with mixed bowel habits. Six weeks of yoga classes were offered to participants at different stages of research. Records of daily activities, meals and bowel function were made by the participants both at baseline and in the treatment phase. Through these records was possible to identify changes in participants' symptoms. Contrary to some studies, the practice of yoga has not shown significant improvement in symptoms of participants. This result may be related to the maintenance of contingency that maintains the SII for each participant.
- Published
- 2013
41. Promoção de mudanças de comportamento em crianças : o papel do auto-monitoramento do comportamento dos cuidadores
- Author
-
Maia, Carolina Lins de Albuquerque and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato
- Subjects
Cuidadores - crianças ,Comportamento humano ,Psicologia infantil - Abstract
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de Processos Psicológicos Básicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Comportamento, 2011. Evidências experimentais indicam a forte influência dos comportamentos dos cuidadores no desenvolvimento de comportamentos adequados e inadequados por crianças. Dessa forma, o trabalho de educação comportamental com cuidadores, em diversos formatos, tem-se mostrado eficaz na promoção de mudanças de comportamentos inadequados das crianças. O presente estudo se propôs a ensinar cuidadores a utilizarem estratégias de extinção e reforço, além fazerem análises funcionais de comportamento considerados por eles como inadequados. O estudo contou com cinco pares cuidadores-crianças. Cuidadores foram instruídos a observarem e definirem comportamentos das crianças. Em seguida, foram instruídos a auto-observarem como apresentavam conseqüências a comportamentos inadequados e adequados das crianças. Três das cinco famílias concluíram o programa de automonitoramento e treino de análises funcionais. Para as duas das três famílias que concluíram o programa, houve remissão significativa de comportamentos inadequados em função das intervenções – reatividade ao automonitoramento e aprendizagem de análises funcionais. Para a terceira família, a mudança ocorreu já na linha de base, antes das intervenções, apenas com a prática da observação. Em todos os casos, o automonitoramento cumpriu papel relevante como ferramenta de controle dentro de um contexto de pesquisa aplicada. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Experimental evidence indicates the strong influence of the caregiver’s behavior in the development of appropriate and inappropriate children’s behavior. Thus, the work of behavioral education of caregivers, in various formats, has proved effectiveness in promoting changes in children’s inappropriate behavior. This experiment aimed to teach caregivers to use strategies of extinction and reinforcement, and to make functional analysis of behaviors to decrease the frequency os children’s inappropriate behaviors. Three of the five families concluded the whole program of self-monitoring and functional analysis of behavior trainning. For two of the three families who completed the whole program, the results of inappropriate behavior’s remission was significantly. For the third family, the changes were related to the mother’s comprehension about the child’s behavior before intervention. In all cases, self-monitoring played an important role serving as a control tool into an applied research context.
- Published
- 2011
42. Estabelecimento de discriminações simples envolvendo palavras em crianças não alfabetizadas e seus efeitos em treinos de relações condicionais auditivo-visuais e de comportamento textual
- Author
-
Santos, Thiago de Barros and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato
- Subjects
Cognição - crianças ,Leitura - crianças ,Crianças - linguagem ,Atenção - crianças - Abstract
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, 2011. Aprendizagens discriminativas complexas baseadas em características sutis dos estímulos (e.g., leitura) requerem controle específico por elementos críticos dos estímulos (e.g, palavras). Alguns estudos têm mostrado que a aprendizagem de alguns repertórios complexos pode ser facilitada pelo treino de repertórios mais simples envolvendo os mesmos estímulos. O presente estudo avaliou o efeito de treinos de discriminações simples envolvendo palavras e pseudopalavras impressas sobre a aquisição posterior de relações condicionais envolvendo palavras impressas e ditadas. Oito crianças não alfabetizadas (4–5 anos) foram treinadas em procedimentos de: 1) discriminações simples simultâneas envolvendo palavras (S+) e pseudopalavras (S-); 2) MTS auditivo-visual envolvendo as palavras treinadas na fase anterior e novas palavras; e 3) treino de comportamento textual. Finalmente, foi testado o comportamento textual diante de novas palavras compostas de sílabas das palavras de treino. Cinco, dos oito participantes, aprenderam as três discriminações simples previstas, com o auxílio de procedimentos corretivos. Em relação ao efeito do treino das discriminações simples: a) no treino de MTS - as relações envolvendo as palavras treinadas previamente foram aprendidas mais rapidamente por 3/5 participantes; e b) no treino de comportamento textual - o padrão de aquisição em relação às palavras antigas e novas persistiu para 4/5 participantes. O teste de comportamento textual não revelou generalização dos comportamentos textuais aprendidos para nenhuma das palavras recombinadas. Discutese a pertinência do estudo da atenção, em uma perspectiva analítico-comportamental, por meio de processos de discriminação simples e ensino de respostas de observação. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Complex discriminative learning based on subtle characteristics of the stimuli (e.g., reading) require specific control of critical elements of the stimuli (e.g., words). Some studies have shown that the learning of some complexes repertoires may be facilitated by training simpler repertoires involving the same stimuli. This study evaluated the effect of simple discrimination training involving printed words and pseudo words on the subsequent acquisition of conditional relations involving printed and spoken words. Eight illiterate children (4-5 years) were trained in the procedures: 1) simultaneous discriminations involving words (S +) and pseudo words (S-), 2) auditory-visual MTS involving the words trained in the previous phase, and new words; 3) training of textual behavior. Finally, the textual behavior of new words composed of syllables of training words was tested. Five of the eight participants have learned the three simple discriminations envisaged with the aid of corrective procedures. Regarding the effect of simple discrimination training: a) in MTS training - the relations involving the previously trained words were learned faster by 3/5 participants; and b) in textual behavior training - the pattern of acquisition in respect of new and old words persisted for 4/5 participants. The test of textual behavior revealed no generalization of learned textual behaviors for any of the recombined words. It’s discussed the pertinency of the study of attention, in a behavior-analytic perspective, through processes of simple discrimination and teaching of observing responses.
- Published
- 2011
43. Efeitos de instruções na aquisição de supertição sensorial em humanos
- Author
-
Matos-Costa, Maíra dos Santos Gomes de and Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato
- Subjects
Comportamento - avaliação - Abstract
Dissertação (Mestrado)-Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Comportamento, 2011. O conceito de comportamento “supersticioso” vem sendo tema recorrente em pesquisas da Análise do Comportamento. A Superstição Sensorial se caracteriza por um controle de estímulos em situações em que não há reforço diferencial com base nos estímulos antecedentes, porém, ainda assim, esses estímulos podem assumir controle diferencial sobre as respostas. O presente trabalho procurou avaliar o efeito de instruções na aquisição de Superstição Sensorial em humanos. Oito crianças participaram de uma atividade de computador em que dois estímulos eram apresentados em esquemas de reforçamento idênticos. Instruções antes das sessões eram mínimas ou incorretas. Instruções incorretas sugeriam a existência de uma relação entre estímulos e respostas. Metade dos participantes apresentou comportamentos “supersticiosos”, principalmente os que iniciaram o procedimento com a instrução incorreta. Os resultados sugerem que a instrução pode ser uma variável crítica na aquisição de Superstição Sensorial em humanos. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The concept of "superstitious" behavior has been a recurring theme in research of Behavior Analysis. The Sensory Superstition is characterized by a stimulus control in situations where there is no differential reinforcement on the basis of antecedent stimuli. However, these stimuli can still take control over responses. This study sought to evaluate the effect of instructions on the acquisition of Sensory Superstition in humans. Eight children participated in a computer activity in which two stimuli were presented in identical schedules of reinforcement. Instructions before the sessions were minimal or incorrect. Incorrect instruction suggests the existence of a relationship between stimuli and responses. Half of the participants showed "superstitious" behaviors (especially those who started the procedure with the incorrect instruction).The results suggests that instruction might be a controlling variable of Sensory Superstition in humans.
- Published
- 2011
44. Pirose funcional : estudo de caso utilizando uma análise funcional do comportamento
- Author
-
Ochman, Valquiria dos Santos, Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato, and Gimenes, Lincoln da Silva
- Subjects
Behaviorismo (Psicologia) ,Esôfago - doenças - Abstract
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de Processos Psicológicos Básicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Comportamento, 2009. A Análise do Comportamento enquanto área de atuação e pesquisa pode contribuir com investigações voltadas para a saúde. Um problema de saúde comum na Medicina são as desordens esofágicas funcionais. A pirose funcional é uma das desordens esofágicas funcionais que se encontram caracterizadas no critério Roma III. Pesquisas sobre o sistema digestivo têm apontado para uma nova caracterização da pirose funcional (azia). A presença de sintomas clássicos da azia na ausência de lesões na mucosa esofágica ou exposição ácida anormal pode sugerir que esses pacientes são sensíveis à quantidades fisiológicas de ácido que a maioria dos indivíduos normais experiencia mas não percebe. Esta síndrome é caracterizada como a doença do refluxo não erosiva (DRNE), que também pode ser chamada de pirose funcional. Alguns estudos têm demonstrado que pessoas com níveis elevados de estresse podem apresentar um aumento na intensidade dos sintomas. Este estudo realizou uma análise molar identificando relações funcionais entre o padrão comportamental das participantes e os sintomas. Assim como conduziu análises funcionais moleculares entre as atividades diárias, sintomas e refeições. Participaram da pesquisa três portadoras de pirose funcional, e os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas e automonitoramento (AM). Foi observada uma correlação entre a atividade de atender clientes e sintomas (r = 0,75, p < 0,05) e uma relação inversa entre a frequência de algumas atividades e a frequência dos sintomas, isto é, quanto maior a frequência de tais atividades, menor a frequência de sintomas. Este estudo demonstra que a análise funcional pode ser utilizada na compreensão e planejamento de intervenções direcionadas a DRNE. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The Behavior Analysis as research and actuation area can contribute with investigations turned to health. Common health problems in the medicine are the functional esophageal disorders. The functional pyrosis is one of the functional esophageal disorders that are characterized in the Rome III criteria. Researches on the digestive system have pointed to a new characterization of the functional pyrosis (heartburn). The presence of classic symptoms of heartburn in the absence of esophageal mucosal injuries or abnormal acid exposure may suggest that these patients are sensitive to physiological amounts of acid that most normal subjects experience but does not notice. This syndrome is characterized as non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), which can also be called functional pyrosis. Some studies have shown that people with high levels of stress may present an increase in the intensity of symptoms. This work performed molecular analysis to identify functional relationships between the behavioral patterns of participants and the symptoms, and have as well conducted functional molecular analysis between daily activities, symptoms and meals. The research participants were three carriers of functional pyrosis and the data were collected through interviews and self-monitoring (SM). It was noticed a correlation between the activity of customer attending and symptoms (r = 0.75, p
- Published
- 2009
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.