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Globally, human displacement is at a record high. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 110 million people have been forcibly displaced worldwide owing to persecution, mass conflict, or human rights violations. Conflicts continue to rage in different parts of the world such as Ukraine, Palestine, Sudan, and Tigray. Large-scale political upheaval is also on the rise in many countries such as Haiti, Venezuela, and Iran. Natural disasters fueled by climate change will further contribute to large-scale forced migration. Persons with forced migration experiences (PFMEs) tend to have significant rehabilitation needs because of high risk of physical injuries, mental trauma, and exacerbation of pre-existing health problems during displacement. Rehabilitation practitioners in host countries must be well equipped to address the complex needs of this population. However, there is currently limited literature to guide best practice. In this article, a group of interdisciplinary professionals examine rehabilitation needs among PFMEs, provide examples of established and emerging rehabilitation interventions with PFMEs in the context of asylum and resettlement, identify barriers to accessing rehabilitation services in host countries, and propose avenues for professional advocacy in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sprat are commercially valuable and are an important component of the North-East Atlantic ecosystem as major predators of zooplankton, competitors with herring, and prey for piscivorous fish, marine mammals, and seabirds. Despite this, insufficient information exists for Celtic Seas sprat, one of five North-East Atlantic stocks, to estimate stock status. To ensure the sustainable exploitation of sprat, the health of the Celtic Seas ecosystem, and the wider fisheries sector, we conduct a management strategy evaluation to stress test the current single-species advice framework. The aim is to evaluate whether ecosystem objectives can be achieved under single-species maximum sustainable yield and precautionary advice frameworks. An operating model was conditioned on life history theory and strategic information from ecosystem models. We showed that in-year advice using an empirical rule could achieve management objectives and help balance the trade-offs between fishing activities and ecosystem health. The approach allows ecosystem understanding to be incorporated within existing precautionary and maximum sustainable yield frameworks to provide a robust management framework that can meet multiple objectives despite uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Following the rapid transition to non-communicable diseases, increases in injury, and subsequent disability, the world--especially low and middle-income countries (LMICs)--remains ill-equipped for increased demand for rehabilitative services and assistive technology. This scoping review explores rehabilitation financing models used throughout the world and identifies "state of the art" rehabilitation financing strategies to identify opportunities and challenges to expand financing of rehabilitation. Material and methods: We searched peer-reviewed and grey literature for articles containing information on rehabilitation financing in both LMICs and high-income countries. Results: Forty-two articles were included, highlighting various rehabilitation financing mechanism which involves user fees and other innovative payment as bundled or pooled schemes. Few studies explore policy options to increase investment in the supply of services. Conclusion: this paper highlights opportunities to expand rehabilitation services, namely through promotion of private investment, improvement in provider reimbursement mechanism as well as expanding educational grants to bolster labor supply incentive, and the investment in public and private insurance schemes. Mechanisms of reimbursement are frequently based on global budget and salary which are helpful to control cost escalation but represent important barriers to expand supply and quality of services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding social-ecological systems (SESs) is an important part of ecosystem-based management (EBM). One of the main decision support frameworks to develop scientific advice for EBM is integrated ecosystem assessments (IEAs). Human dimensions in SESs are primarily captured through indicators derived from three social sciences: economics, anthropology, and sociology. The breadth of social sciences and humanities (SSH) research is much greater than those three fields, but they are generally underused in natural science-based decision support processes such as IEAs. Greater contributions of SSHs can enhance IEAs through various direct (e.g. to develop indicators) and indirect ways (e.g. to establish and maintain ethical practices). We examine a wider range of SSH disciplines and conclude that scientific advice processes that inform EBM can benefit from broader integration of SSH theories and methods through themes of contextualizing, facilitating, communicating, evaluating, and anticipating. We see this an opportunity to both widen the vocabulary used to describe social scientists and those who work in humanities in IEAs, and apply the underlying worldviews used to conduct SSH research to fundamentally enhance the IEA process and to further progress in EBM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem The burden oftrauma and injuries in Uganda is substantial and growing.Two important gaps that need addressing are the shortage of trained people and a lack of national data on noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors in Uganda. Approach We developed and implemented a new track within an existing master of public health programme, aimed at developing graduate-level capacity and promoting research on key national priorities for trauma and injuries. We also offered training opportunities to a wider audience and set up a high-level national injury forum to foster national dialogue on addressing the burden of trauma, injuries and disability. Local setting The Chronic Consequences of Trauma, Injuries and Disability in Uganda programme was implemented In 2012 at Makerere University School of Public Health in Kampala, Uganda, in conjunction with Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, United States of America. Relevant changes Over the years 2012 to 2017 we supported four cohorts of master's students, with a total of 14 students (9 females and 5 males; mean age 30 years). Over 1300 individuals participated in workshops and seminars of the short-term training component of the programme. The forum hosted three research symposia and two national injury forums. Lessons learnt Institutional support and collaborative engagement is important for developing and implementing successful capacity development programmes. Integration of training components within existing academic structures is key to sustainability. Appropriate mentorship for highly motivated and talented students is valuable for guiding students through the programme. Probleme La charge de morbidite liee aux traumatismes et aux blessures en Ouganda est importante et en augmentation. La penurie de personnes formees et le manque de donnees nationales sur les maladies non transmissibles et leurs facteurs de risque en Ouganda constituent deux lacunes importantes qui doivent etre comblees. Approche Nous avons elabore et mis en oeuvre un nouveau parcours au sein d'un master de sante publique existant, destine a developper des capacites de niveau universitaire et a promouvoir la recherche sur les principales priorites nationales relatives aux traumatismes et aux blessures. Nous avons egalement propose des possibilites deformation a un plus large public et organise un forum national de haut niveau sur les blessures pour encourager un dialogue national sur la charge induite par les traumatismes, les blessures et le handicap. Environnement local Le programme Consequences chroniques des traumatismes, des blessures et du handicap en Ouganda a ete mis en oeuvre en 2012 a l'Ecole de sante publique de l'Universite Makerere a Kampala, en Ouganda, en collaboration avec l'Ecole de sante publique Bloomberg de l'Universite Johns Hopkins a Baltimore, aux Etats-Unis d'Amerique. Changements significatifs Entre 2012 et 2017, nous avons soutenu quatre cohortes d'etudiants en master, pour un total de 14 etudiants (9 femmes et 5 hommes; age moyen 30 ans). Plus de 1300 personnes ont participe aux ateliers et seminaires du volet formation courte du programme. Le forum a accueilli trois symposiums de recherche et deux forums nationaux sur les blessures. Lecons tirees Le soutien institutionnel et l'engagement collaboratif sont importants pour elaborer et mettre en oeuvre avec succes des programmes de renforcement des capacites. L'integration des volets deformation aux structures universitaires existantes est essentielle pour leur viabilite. Un tutorat adapte pour les etudiants motives et brillants est utile pour les accompagner pendant toute la duree du programme. Problema La carga de traumatismos y lesiones en Uganda es notable y sigue creciendo. Dos deficiencias importantes que deben abordarse son la escasez de personal formado y la falta de datos nacionales sobre las enfermedades no contagiosas y sus factores de riesgo en Uganda. Enfoque Se ha desarrollado e implementado un nuevo curso dentro de un programa de master en salud publica existente, destinado a desarrollar la capacidad de nivel de postgrado y promover la investigacion sobre prioridades nacionales clave para traumatismos y lesiones. Tambien se ofrecieron oportunidades de formacion a un publico mas amplio y se establecio un foro nacional de alto nivel sobre lesiones para fomentar el dialogo nacional sobre la carga de los traumatismos, las lesiones y la discapacidad. Marco regional El programa Consecuencias cronicas de los traumatismos, las lesiones y la discapacidad en Uganda se implemento en 2012 en la Escuela de Salud Publica de la Universidad de Makerere en Kampala, Uganda, junto con la Escuela de Salud Publica Johns Hopkins Bloomberg en Baltimore, EE.UU. Cambios importantes Entre los anos 2012 y 2017 se respaldaron cuatro cohortes de estudiantes de master, con un total de 14 estudiantes (9 mujeres y 5 hombres, con una edad media de 30 anos). Mas de 1300 personas participaron en talleres y seminarios del componente de formacion a corto plazo del programa. El foro fue sede de tres simposios de investigacion y dos foros nacionales sobre lesiones. Lecciones aprendidas El apoyo institucional y el compromiso colaborativo son importantes para desarrollar e implementar programas de desarrollo de capacidades de exito. La integracion de los componentes de formacion dentro de las estructuras academicas actuales es clave para la sostenibilidad. Una tutoria apropiada para estudiantes muy motivados y con talento es valiosa para guiar a los estudiantes por el programa., Introduction Injuries are a leading cause of death in the African Region, where they claim over 900 000 lives annually, (1) and within Africa, Uganda has one of the highest [...]

Clinical supervision is critical for the uptake of psychotherapy but difficult to facilitate in countries with limited providers, resources, and internet infrastructure. Innovative supervision approaches are needed to increase access to mental health treatments in low‐to‐middle income countries (LMICs). This study examined the content and feasibility of remote WhatsApp text supervision conducted as part of an open clinical trial in Somaliland. Islamic Trauma Healing ITH) is a brief, group, lay‐lead, trauma‐focused, mosque‐based intervention that has demonstrated initial efficacy in pilot studies in the United States and Somaliland. After a 2‐day, in‐person training, lay leaders led four groups of five to seven members focused on trauma‐related psychopathology and community reconciliation. Somali lay leaders trained in ITH (n = 9) and the research team (n = 6) attended weekly WhatsApp supervision during the intervention. Content was logged and subjected to qualitative analysis by two coders. Comments related to intervention implementation indicated that lay leaders understood the treatment rationale, adhered to treatment procedures, and believed the intervention components to be helpful and culturally relevant. Themes related to engagement suggested perfect attendance across groups and high levels of participation. Lay leader psychoeducation and skill development; supervisor praise, support, and encouragement; and supervisee gratitude emerged as additional themes. Remote text supervision conducted via WhatsApp was technologically feasible and may have facilitated skill development and the effective implementation of this lay‐led intervention. When tailored to the local context, remote supervision approaches hold promise for increasing access to services in LMICs with limited resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]