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1. Hot Shop

Author

Bentley, Heather

Abstract

This music score was submitted for the Kaleidoscope 2020 Call for Scores, an open access collaboration with the UCLA Music Library.

Published
2020

2. Materials

Author

Brown, Benjamin, Kleinberg, Bennett, Hicks, Grace, Bentley, Heather, Attridge, Peter, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Devitt, Olivia, Vazquez, Melissa, Beyan, Leah, and Brown, Kristina

Published
2022
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3. Data

Author

Brown, Benjamin, Kleinberg, Bennett, Hicks, Grace, Bentley, Heather, Attridge, Peter, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Devitt, Olivia, Vazquez, Melissa, Beyan, Leah, and Brown, Kristina

Published
2022
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4. Reproducibility Project: Psychology

Author

Anderson, Christopher, Anderson, Joanna, van Assen, Marcel, Attridge, Peter, Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, van den Bergh, Don, Beyan, Leah, den Bezemer, Bobby, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank, Bowman, Sara, Brandt, Mark, Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin, Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon, Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher, Cheung, Felix, Chu, Phuonguyen, Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark, Cohn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Costantini, Giulio, Cramblet Alvarez, Leslie, Cremata, Edward, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle, Della Penna, Nicolás, Deserno, Marie, Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, DiGiacomo, Philip, Dobolyi, David, Dodson, Geneva, Donnellan, Brent, Donohue, Ryan, van Dooren, Roel, van Doorn, Johnny, Dore, Rebecca, Dorrough, Angela, Dorsthorst, Anniek, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth, Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy, Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank, Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James, Fitneva, Stanka, Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda, Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua, Frank, Michael, Frazier, Rebecca, Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin, Goldberg, Rebecca, Goldinger, Stephen, Goodbourn, Patrick, Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hicks, Grace, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Geertje, van der Hulst, Marije, Humphries, Denise, Hung, Cathy, Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa, Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, David, Johnson-Grey, Kate, Johnson, Larissa, Johnston, William, Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer, Kappes, Heather, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory, Kim, Seung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knezevic, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska, Krause, Robert, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram, Kyc, Megan, Lai, Calvin, Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniel, Lane, Kristin, Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarevic, Ljiljana, LeBel, Etienne, Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel, Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Lumian, Daniel, Luteijn, Ilse, Mackinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather, Marigold, Denise, Martin, Daniel, Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E.J., Matacotta, Joshua, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, McRae, Kateri, McElroy, Todd, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy, Smith, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie, Munafo, Marcus, Muñoz, Alisa, Neijenhuijs, Koen, Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian, Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason, Ratliff, Kate, Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, van Renswoude, Daan, Ricker, Ashley, Rigney, Anastasia, van Rijn, Hedderik, Rivers, Andrew, Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham, Ryan, Robert, Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian, Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William, Sinclair, H., Skorinko, Jeanine, Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel, Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nicholas, Spies, Jeffrey, Staples, Angela, steegen, sara, Steinberg, Mia, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin, Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, Thomae, Manuela, Toton, Sarah, Tibboel, Helen, Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, tuerlinckx, francis, Tullett, Alexa, Turchan, Paul, vanpaemel, wolf, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, van 't Veer, Anna, Vélez, Natalia, van de Ven, Mathijs, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan, Weerdmeester, Johanna, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin, Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, Zuni, Kellylynn, Hartshorne, Joshua, and Grange, James

Subjects
reproduction, metascience, replication, psychological science, open science, psychology, crowdsource, reproducibility
Abstract

Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We conducted replications of 100 experimental and correlational studies published in three psychology journals using high-powered designs and original materials when available.

Published
2022
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11. Recurrence Rate after Endoscopic vs. Open Approaches for Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: A Meta-analysis.

Author

Reyes, Camilo, Bentley, Heather, Gelves, J. Alejandro, Solares, C. Arturo, and Byrd, J. Kenneth

Subjects
*TUMOR classification, *META-analysis, *ENDOSCOPIC surgery, *SKULL base, *AMED (Information retrieval system), *DISEASE progression, *CONFIDENCE intervals
Abstract

Context  The effect on recurrence rate between patients with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA), treated by an endoscopic versus open approach, has not been well established. Objective  A meta-analysis of the available literature concerning recurrence rate in patients who underwent surgery for JNA. Methods  A retrospective meta-analysis of studies analyzing recurrence rate after endoscopic or open surgery for patients with JNA was performed using the DerSimonian–Laird random-effects method. English and non-English articles were reviewed using Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases. Results  Among nine studies, including 362 patients from 1981 to 2015, with a mean follow-up of 49.4 months, a total of 89 patients (24.5%) had recurrence. Our analysis revealed a total effect size of −0.16 in favor of endoscopic approach (−0.25 to −0.06, CI [confidence interval] 95%). When analyzing tumor by stage (Radkowski's IA–IIIB n  = 299), the endoscopic approach proved to be superior independent of tumor stage (2 vs. 17% for tumors stage IA–IIA, and 26 vs. 32% for tumor stage IIB–IIIB for endoscopic and open approaches respectively; p  < 0.05). The endoscopic approach has a statistical significant lower recurrence rate in patients without intracranial compromise when compared with the open approach (13 vs. 28%; p  < 0.02). No statistical difference was seen in patients with intracranial compromise (p  = 0.5) Conclusion  The use of an endoscopic approach to treat JNA has a significantly lower recurrence rate when compared with open approaches. Independent of disease stage, an endoscopic approach should be the standard of care to surgically treat JNA. For cases with intracranial compromise, either approach can be used for surgical resection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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12. Use of a linear array for the detection of human papillomavirus genotypes in head and neck cancer

Author

Black, Candice C., Bentley, Heather A., Davis, Thomas H., and Tsongalis, Gregory J.

Subjects
Hologic Inc., Genomics -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Medical test kit industry -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Papillomaviruses -- Genetic aspects -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Papillomavirus infections -- Genetic aspects -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Medical equipment and supplies industry -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Genotype -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Formaldehyde -- Usage -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Cancer -- Genetic aspects -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

* Context.--Tumors of the head and neck commonly arise from the squamous and respiratory mucosa that lines the nasal and oral cavity, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx. The rate of oropharyngeal cancers diagnosed among Americans younger than 50 years is increasing. Infection of the oropharynx and tonsils by the human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked to preneoplasia and cancer. Objectives.--To evaluate the Roche Linear Array HPV Genotyping test kit to identify, and then specifically genotype, HPV in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Design.--We evaluated the performance of this assay for accuracy, for intra-assay and interassay precision, and for its limit of detection, using materials with known HPV status. Sixteen tumor tissues with the following origins were evaluated: 1 ocular, 1 hypopharynx, 8 tonsil, 1 retromolar trigone, 3 tongue, 1 anal, and 1 lymph node. DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor sections was isolated and amplified in duplicate, with positive and negative controls, using primers specific to the polymorphic L1 region of the HPV genome. Thirty-seven genotypes were tested using the linear array. The amplified product (450 base pairs) was visualized by gel electrophoresis and, if positive, reflexed to HPV genotyping. Results.--Nine of the 16 tumors analyzed were HPV positive. The detected genotypes included HPV 6, 16, and 69. Conclusions.--The Roche Linear Array HPV Genotyping test is an easy-to-use method for determining HPV genotype in the routine analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors. This assay is robust and can be performed routinely in a clinical laboratory setting. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010;134:1813-1817), Head and neck cancer represents the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. (1) In the United States, cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx are among the top 10 most common [...]

Published
2010

15. Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science

Author

Anderson, Joanna E., Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Conn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Penna, Nicolás Delia, Den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández-Castilla, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O Y, Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniël, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Le Bel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, MacKinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michèle B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L M, Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, Te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valášek, Milan, Van't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, Van Assen, Marcel, Van Bork, Riet, Van De Ven, Mathijs, Van Den Bergh, Don, Van Der Hulst, Marije, Van Dooren, Roel, Van Doorn, Johnny, Van Renswoude, Daan R., Van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverría, Alejandro Vásquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, Zuni, Kellylynn, Anderson, Joanna E., Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Conn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Penna, Nicolás Delia, Den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández-Castilla, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O Y, Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniël, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Le Bel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, MacKinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michèle B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L M, Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, Te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valášek, Milan, Van't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, Van Assen, Marcel, Van Bork, Riet, Van De Ven, Mathijs, Van Den Bergh, Don, Van Der Hulst, Marije, Van Dooren, Roel, Van Doorn, Johnny, Van Renswoude, Daan R., Van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverría, Alejandro Vásquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, and Zuni, Kellylynn

Abstract

Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We conducted replications of 100 experimental and correlational studies published in three psychology journals using high-powered designs and original materials when available. Replication effects were half the magnitude of original effects, representing a substantial decline. Ninety-seven percent of original studies had statistically significant results. Thirty-six percent of replications had statistically significant results; 47% of original effect sizes were in the 95% confidence interval of the replication effect size; 39% of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, combining original and replication results left 68% with statistically significant effects. Correlational tests suggest that replication success was better predicted by the strength of original evidence than by characteristics of the original and replication teams.

Published
2015

16. Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science

Author

Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Joanna E., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahnik, Stepan, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Bruening, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Cohn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D. Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Della Penna, Nicolas, den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernandez-Castilla, Belen, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Gloeckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O. -Y., Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jaekel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer, Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniel, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana, LeBel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, Mackinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Moeschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Mueller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Gandalf, Nicolas, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michele B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, Rene, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L. M., Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valasek, Milan, van 't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, van Assen, Marcel, van Bork, Riet, van de Ven, Mathijs, van den Bergh, Don, van der Hulst, Marije, van Dooren, Roel, van Doorn, Johnny, van Renswoude, Daan R., van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverria, Alejandro Vasquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, Zuni, Kellylynn, Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Joanna E., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahnik, Stepan, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Bruening, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Cohn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D. Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Della Penna, Nicolas, den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernandez-Castilla, Belen, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Gloeckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O. -Y., Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jaekel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer, Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniel, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana, LeBel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, Mackinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Moeschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Mueller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Gandalf, Nicolas, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michele B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, Rene, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L. M., Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valasek, Milan, van 't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, van Assen, Marcel, van Bork, Riet, van de Ven, Mathijs, van den Bergh, Don, van der Hulst, Marije, van Dooren, Roel, van Doorn, Johnny, van Renswoude, Daan R., van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverria, Alejandro Vasquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, and Zuni, Kellylynn

Abstract

Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We conducted replications of 100 experimental and correlational studies published in three psychology journals using high-powered designs and original materials when available. Replication effects were half the magnitude of original effects, representing a substantial decline. Ninety-seven percent of original studies had statistically significant results. Thirty-six percent of replications had statistically significant results; 47% of original effect sizes were in the 95% confidence interval of the replication effect size; 39% of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, combining original and replication results left 68% with statistically significant effects. Correlational tests suggest that replication success was better predicted by the strength of original evidence than by characteristics of the original and replication teams.

Published
2015

17. Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science

Author

Social Networks, Solidarity and Inequality, Anderson, Joanna E., Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Conn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Penna, Nicolás Delia, Den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández-Castilla, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O Y, Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniël, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Le Bel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, MacKinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michèle B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L M, Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, Te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valášek, Milan, Van't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, Van Assen, Marcel, Van Bork, Riet, Van De Ven, Mathijs, Van Den Bergh, Don, Van Der Hulst, Marije, Van Dooren, Roel, Van Doorn, Johnny, Van Renswoude, Daan R., Van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverría, Alejandro Vásquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, Zuni, Kellylynn, Social Networks, Solidarity and Inequality, Anderson, Joanna E., Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Conn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Penna, Nicolás Delia, Den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández-Castilla, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O Y, Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniël, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Le Bel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, MacKinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michèle B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L M, Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, Te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valášek, Milan, Van't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, Van Assen, Marcel, Van Bork, Riet, Van De Ven, Mathijs, Van Den Bergh, Don, Van Der Hulst, Marije, Van Dooren, Roel, Van Doorn, Johnny, Van Renswoude, Daan R., Van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverría, Alejandro Vásquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, and Zuni, Kellylynn

Published
2015

24. Smoked Medicinal Cannabis for Neuropathic Pain in HIV: A Randomized, Crossover Clinical Trial.

Author

Ellis, Ronald J., Toperoff, Will, Vaida, Florin, van den Brande, Geoffrey, Gonzales, James, Gouaux, Ben, Bentley, Heather, and Atkinson, J. Hampton

Subjects
HIV-positive persons, MEDICAL marijuana, ANALGESICS, PLACEBOS, QUALITY of life, PAIN, RANDOMIZED controlled trials
Abstract

Despite management with opioids and other pain modifying therapies, neuropathic pain continues to reduce the quality of life and daily functioning in HIV-infected individuals. Cannabinoid receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems have been shown to modulate pain perception. We conducted a clinical trial to assess the impact of smoked cannabis on neuropathic pain in HIV. This was a phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of analgesia with smoked cannabis in HIV-associated distal sensory predominant polyneuropathy (DSPN). Eligible subjects had neuropathic pain refractory to at least two previous analgesic classes; they continued on their prestudy analgesic regimens throughout the trial. Regulatory considerations dictated that subjects smoke under direct observation in a hospital setting. Treatments were placebo and active cannabis ranging in potency between 1 and 8% Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, four times daily for 5 consecutive days during each of 2 treatment weeks, separated by a 2-week washout. The primary outcome was change in pain intensity as measured by the Descriptor Differential Scale (DDS) from a pretreatment baseline to the end of each treatment week. Secondary measures included assessments of mood and daily functioning. Of 127 volunteers screened, 34 eligible subjects enrolled and 28 completed both cannabis and placebo treatments. Among the completers, pain relief was greater with cannabis than placebo (median difference in DDS pain intensity change, 3.3 points, effect size=0.60; p=0.016). The proportions of subjects achieving at least 30% pain relief with cannabis versus placebo were 0.46 (95%CI 0.28, 0.65) and 0.18 (0.03, 0.32). Mood and daily functioning improved to a similar extent during both treatment periods. Although most side effects were mild and self-limited, two subjects experienced treatment-limiting toxicities. Smoked cannabis was generally well tolerated and effective when added to concomitant analgesic therapy in patients with medically refractory pain due to HIV DSPN.Neuropsychopharmacology (2009) 34, 672–680; doi:10.1038/npp.2008.120; published online 6 August 2008 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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25. Transgenic cyclin E triggers dysplasia and multiple pulmonary adenocarcinomas.

Author

Yan Ma, Fiering, Steven, Black, Candice, Xi Liu, Ziqiang Yuan, Memoli, Vincent A., Robbins, David J., Bentley, Heather A., Tsongalis, Gregory J., Demidenko, Eugene, Freemantle, Sarah J., and Dmitrovsky, Ethan

Subjects
DYSPLASIA, ADENOCARCINOMA, LUNG cancer, PROGNOSIS, CARCINOGENESIS
Abstract

Cyclin E is a critical G1-S cell cycle regulator aberrantly expressed in bronchial premalignancy and lung cancer. Cyclin E expression negatively affects lung cancer prognosis. Its role in lung carcinogenesis was explored. Retroviral cyclin E transduction promoted pulmonary epithelial cell growth, and small interfering RNA targeting of cyclin E repressed this growth. Murine transgenic lines were engineered to mimic aberrant cyclin E expression in the lung. Wild-type and proteasome degradation-resistant human cyclin E transgenic lines were independently driven by the human surfactant C (SP-C) promoter. Chromosome instability (CIN), pulmonary dysplasia, sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway activation, adenocarcinomas, and metastases occurred. Notably, high expression of degradation-resistant cyclin E frequently caused dysplasia and multiple lung adenocarcinomas. Thus, recapitulation of aberrant cyclin E expression as seen in human premalignant and malignant lung lesions reproduces in the mouse frequent features of lung carcinogenesis, including CIN, Shh pathway activation, dysplasia, single or multiple lung cancers, or presence of metastases. This article reports unique mouse lung cancer models that replicate many carcinogenic changes found in patients. These models provide insights into the carcinogenesis process and implicate cyclin E as a therapeutic target in the lung. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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26. The impact of HIV-associated neuropsychological impairment on everyday functioning

Author

HEATON, ROBERT K., MARCOTTE, THOMAS D., MINDT, MONICA RIVERA, SADEK, JOSEPH, MOORE, DAVID J., BENTLEY, HEATHER, MCCUTCHAN, J. ALLEN, and REICKS, CARLA

Abstract

HIV-1 infection can be associated with neuropsychological (NP) deficits ranging from subtle to severe. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional, or “real-world” impact of HIV-associated NP impairment in a group of 267 HIV-infected participants. All participants received comprehensive NP, neuromedical, and standardized functional evaluations that included laboratory measures of shopping, cooking, financial management, medication management and vocational abilities. Compared to NP-normal participants, those with NP impairment performed significantly worse on all laboratory measures of everyday functioning. Multivariate analyses revealed that the NP ability domains of Abstraction/Executive Function, Learning, Attention/Working Memory and Verbal abilities most strongly and consistently predicted failures on the functional battery. Both NP impairment and impairment on the functional battery were significantly associated with subjective experiences of cognitive difficulties, as well as unemployment and increased dependence in activities of daily living; multivariate prediction models that also considered depressed mood and biological measures of disease progression revealed that impairment on the functional battery and depression were the only unique predictors of all three indicators of “real-world” functioning. The current results add to growing evidence concerning the clinical significance of HIV-associated NP impairment. Objective, laboratory based functional measures, such as those used here, may compliment NP testing in future studies directed at understanding the impact on life quality of central nervous system disorders and their treatments. Finally, there is a need for additional research investigating the apparently independent effect of depression on level of everyday functioning in HIV infected persons. (JINS, 2004, 10, 317–331.)

Published
2004

27. Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science

Author

Open Science Collaboration, Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Joanna E., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Cohn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Cramblet Alvarez, Leslie D., Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Della Penna, Nicolás, den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández-Castilla, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O.Y., Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniël, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., LeBel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, Mackinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E.J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya B., May, Michael, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michèle B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L., Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valášek, Milan, van ‘t Veer, A. E., Van Aert, Robbie, van Assen, Marcel, van Bork, Riet, van de Ven, Mathijs, van den Bergh, Donald, van der Hulst, Marije, van Dooren, Roel, van Doorn, Johnny, van Renswoude, Daan R., van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Vásquez Echeverría, Alejandro, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, Zuni, Kellylynn, Open Science Collaboration, Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Joanna E., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Cohn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Cramblet Alvarez, Leslie D., Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Della Penna, Nicolás, den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández-Castilla, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O.Y., Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniël, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., LeBel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, Mackinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E.J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya B., May, Michael, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michèle B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L., Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valášek, Milan, van ‘t Veer, A. E., Van Aert, Robbie, van Assen, Marcel, van Bork, Riet, van de Ven, Mathijs, van den Bergh, Donald, van der Hulst, Marije, van Dooren, Roel, van Doorn, Johnny, van Renswoude, Daan R., van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Vásquez Echeverría, Alejandro, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, and Zuni, Kellylynn

Abstract

Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We conducted replications of 100 experimental and correlational studies published in three psychology journals using high-powered designs and original materials when available. Replication effects were half the magnitude of original effects, representing a substantial decline. Ninety-seven percent of original studies had statistically significant results. Thirty-six percent of replications had statistically significant results; 47% of original effect sizes were in the 95% confidence interval of the replication effect size; 39% of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, combining original and replication results left 68% with statistically significant effects. Correlational tests suggest that replication success was better predicted by the strength of original evidence than by characteristics of the original and replication teams.

28. Smoked cannabis for spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Author

Corey-Bloom J, Wolfson T, Gamst A, Jin S, Marcotte TD, Bentley H, Gouaux B, Corey-Bloom, Jody, Wolfson, Tanya, Gamst, Anthony, Jin, Shelia, Marcotte, Thomas D, Bentley, Heather, and Gouaux, Ben

Abstract

Background: Spasticity is a common and poorly controlled symptom of multiple sclerosis. Our objective was to determine the short-term effect of smoked cannabis on this symptom.Methods: We conducted a placebo-controlled, crossover trial involving adult patients with multiple sclerosis and spasticity. We recruited participants from a regional clinic or by referral from specialists. We randomly assigned participants to either the intervention (smoked cannabis, once daily for three days) or control (identical placebo cigarettes, once daily for three days). Each participant was assessed daily before and after treatment. After a washout interval of 11 days, participants crossed over to the opposite group. Our primary outcome was change in spasticity as measured by patient score on the modified Ashworth scale. Our secondary outcomes included patients' perception of pain (as measured using a visual analogue scale), a timed walk and changes in cognitive function (as measured by patient performance on the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test), in addition to ratings of fatigue.Results: Thirty-seven participants were randomized at the start of the study, 30 of whom completed the trial. Treatment with smoked cannabis resulted in a reduction in patient scores on the modified Ashworth scale by an average of 2.74 points more than placebo (p < 0.0001). In addition, treatment reduced pain scores on a visual analogue scale by an average of 5.28 points more than placebo (p = 0.008). Scores for the timed walk did not differ significantly between treatment and placebo (p = 0.2). Scores on the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test decreased by 8.67 points more with treatment than with placebo (p = 0.003). No serious adverse events occurred during the trial.Interpretation: Smoked cannabis was superior to placebo in symptom and pain reduction in participants with treatment-resistant spasticity. Future studies should examine whether different doses can result in similar beneficial effects with less cognitive impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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