306 results on '"Bennett DL"'
Search Results
2. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® on Metastatic Bone Disease
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Roberts, CC, Daffner, RH, Weissman, BN, Bancroft, L, Bennett, DL, Blebea, JS, Bruno, MA, Fries, IB, Germano, IM, Holly, L, Jacobson, JA, Luchs, JS, Morrison, WB, Olson, JJ, Payne, WK, Resnik, CS, Schweitzer, ME, Seeger, LL, Taljanovic, M, Wise, JN, and Lutz, ST
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Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging ,Clinical Sciences ,Public Health and Health Services - Abstract
Appropriate imaging modalities for screening, staging, and surveillance of patients with suspected and documented metastatic disease to bone include 99mTc bone scanning, MRI, CT, radiography, and 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose-PET. Clinical scenarios reviewed include asymptomatic stage 1 breast carcinoma, symptomatic stage 2 breast carcinoma, abnormal bone scan results with breast carcinoma, pathologic fracture with known metastatic breast carcinoma, asymptomatic well-differentiated and poorly differentiated prostate carcinoma, vertebral fracture with history of malignancy, non-small-cell lung carcinoma staging, symptomatic multiple myeloma, osteosarcoma staging and surveillance, and suspected bone metastasis in a pregnant patient. No single imaging modality is consistently best for the assessment of metastatic bone disease across all tumor types and clinical situations. In some cases, no imaging is indicated. The recommendations contained herein are the result of evidence-based consensus by the ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Expert Panel on Musculoskeletal Radiology. © 2010 American College of Radiology.
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- 2010
3. Sub-surface Drainage Effectiveness Reduces Due to Soil Structural Decline Following Salt Removal in Clay Soils in the South West Irrigation Area, WA
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National Salinity Engineering Conference (1st : 2004 : Perth, W.A.), Bennett, DL, George, RJ, and Russell, WK
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- 2004
4. Towards better practice in primary health care settings for young people
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Alperstein, G, Bernard, D, Elliott, A, Bennett, DL, Kerr- Roubicek, H, Usherwood, T, Quine, S, and Kang, M
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- 2006
5. Groundwater Systems Responsible for Dryland Salinity in the Lake Towerrinning Catchment, Western Australia
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International Association of Hydrogeologists. Congress (25th : 1994 : Adelaide, S. Aust.), George, RJ, Cochrane, DL, and Bennett, DL
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- 1994
6. Conditioned pain modulation is more efficient in painful than in non-painful diabetic polyneuropathy patients
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Granovsky, Y, Topaz, LS, Laycock, H, Zubidat, R, Crystal, S, Buxbaum, C, Bosak, N, Hadad, R, Domany, E, Khamaisi, M, Sprecher, E, Bennett, DL, Rice, A, and Yarnitsky, D
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Anesthesiology ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences - Abstract
Endogenous pain modulation, as tested by the conditioned pain modulation (CPM) protocol, is typically less efficient in chronic pain patients compared to healthy controls. We aimed to assess whether CPM is less efficient in painful compared to non-painful diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) patients. Characterization of the differences in central pain processing between these two groups might provide a central nervous system explanation to the presence or absence of pain in diabetic neuropathy in addition to the peripheral one.271 patients with DPN underwent CPM testing and clinical assessment, including quantitative sensory testing. Two modalities of the test stimuli (heat and pressure) conditioned to cold noxious water were assessed and compared between painful and non-painful DPN patients. No significant difference was found between the groups for pressure pain CPM, however painful DPN patients demonstrated unexpectedly more efficient CPMHEAT ( -7.4±1.0 vs. -2.3±1.6; p=0.008). Efficient CPMHEAT was associated with higher clinical pain experienced in the 24 hours prior to testing (r=-0.15; P=0.029) and greater loss of mechanical sensation (r=-0.135; P=0.042). Moreover, patients who had mechanical hypoesthesia demonstrated more efficient CPMHEAT (p=0.005). More efficient CPM among painful patients might result from central changes in pain modulation, but also from altered sensory messages coming from tested affected body sites. This calls for the use of intact sites for proper assessment of pain modulation in neuropathy patients.
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- 2021
7. Feasibility of Diffusion Tensor and Morphologic Imaging of Peripheral Nerves at Ultra-High Field Strength
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Schmid, AB, Campbell, J, Hurley, SA, Jbabdi, S, Andersson, JL, Jenkinson, M, Bangerter, NK, Bennett, DL, Tracey, I, Frost, R, and Clare, S
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Adult ,Male ,peripheral neuropathy ,carpal tunnel syndrome ,Signal-To-Noise Ratio ,PARAMETERS ,radial diffusivity ,MAGNETIC-RESONANCE NEUROGRAPHY ,IMPLEMENTATION ,Technical Note ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,magnetic resonance imaging ,Humans ,MEDIAN NERVE ,DIAGNOSTIC-ACCURACY ,Peripheral Nerves ,Prospective Studies ,IN-VIVO EVALUATION ,Science & Technology ,Echo-Planar Imaging ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging ,7 T ,CARPAL-TUNNEL-SYNDROME ,1103 Clinical Sciences ,ultra-high field strength ,MR NEUROGRAPHY ,Middle Aged ,diffusion tensor imaging ,structural imaging ,Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging ,CONDUCTION ,peripheral nerve ,POLYNEUROPATHY ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,Feasibility Studies ,Female ,Artifacts ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,fractional anisotropy - Abstract
Supplemental digital content is available in the text., Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the development of morphologic and diffusion tensor imaging sequences of peripheral nerves at 7 T, using carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) as a model system of focal nerve injury. Materials and Methods Morphologic images were acquired at 7 T using a balanced steady-state free precession sequence. Diffusion tensor imaging was performed using single-shot echo-planar imaging and readout-segmented echo-planar imaging sequences. Different acquisition and postprocessing methods were compared to describe the optimal analysis pipeline. Magnetic resonance imaging parameters including cross-sectional areas, signal intensity, fractional anisotropy (FA), as well as mean, axial, and radial diffusivity were compared between patients with CTS (n = 8) and healthy controls (n = 6) using analyses of covariance corrected for age (significance set at P < 0.05). Pearson correlations with Bonferroni correction were used to determine association of magnetic resonance imaging parameters with clinical measures (significance set at P < 0.01). Results The 7 T acquisitions with high in-plane resolution (0.2 × 0.2mm) afforded detailed morphologic resolution of peripheral nerve fascicles. For diffusion tensor imaging, single-shot echo-planar imaging was more efficient than readout-segmented echo-planar imaging in terms of signal-to-noise ratio per unit scan time. Distortion artifacts were pronounced, but could be corrected during postprocessing. Registration of FA maps to the morphologic images was successful. The developed imaging and analysis pipeline identified lower median nerve FA (pisiform bone, 0.37 [SD 0.10]) and higher radial diffusivity (1.08 [0.20]) in patients with CTS compared with healthy controls (0.53 [0.06] and 0.78 [0.11], respectively, P < 0.047). Fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity strongly correlated with patients' symptoms (r = −0.866 and 0.866, respectively, P = 0.005). Conclusions Our data demonstrate the feasibility of morphologic and diffusion peripheral nerve imaging at 7 T. Fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity were found to be correlates of symptom severity.
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- 2018
8. Germline selection shapes human mitochondrial DNA diversity
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Wei, W, Tuna, S, Keogh, MJ, Smith, KR, Aitman, TJ, Beales, PL, Bennett, DL, Gale, DP, Bitner-Glindzicz, MAK, Black, GC, Brennan, P, Elliott, P, Flinter, FA, Floto, RA, Houlden, H, Irving, M, Koziell, A, Maher, ER, Markus, HS, Morrell, NW, Newman, WG, Roberts, I, Sayer, JA, Smith, KGC, Taylor, JC, Watkins, H, Webster, AR, Wilkie, AOM, Williamson, C, Attwood, A, Brown, M, Brod, NC, Crisp-Hihn, A, Davis, J, Deevi, SVV, Dewhurst, EF, Edwards, K, Erwood, M, Fox, J, Frary, AJ, Hu, F, Jolley, J, Kingston, N, Linger, R, Mapeta, R, Martin, J, Meacham, S, Papadia, S, Rayner-Matthews, PJ, Samarghitean, C, Shamardina, O, Simeoni, I, Staines, S, Staples, E, Stark, H, Stephens, J, Titterton, C, Von Ziegenweidt, J, Watt, C, Whitehorn, D, Wood, Y, Yates, K, Yu, P, James, R, Ashford, S, Penkett, CJ, Stirrups, KE, Bariana, T, Lentaigne, C, Sivapalaratnam, S, Westbury, SK, Allsup, DJ, Bakchoul, T, Biss, T, Boyce, S, Collins, J, Collins, PW, Curry, NS, Downes, K, Dutt, T, Erber, WN, Evans, G, Everington, T, Favier, R, Gomez, K, Greene, D, Gresele, P, Hart, D, Kazmi, R, Kelly, AM, Lambert, M, Madan, B, Mangles, S, Mathias, M, Millar, C, Obaji, S, Peerlinck, K, Roughley, C, Schulman, S, Scully, M, Shapiro, SE, Sibson, K, Sims, MC, Tait, RC, Talks, K, Thys, C, Toh, C-H, Van Geet, C, Westwood, J-P, Mumford, AD, Ouwehand, WH, Freson, K, Laffan, MA, Tan, RYY, Harkness, K, Mehta, S, Muir, KW, Hassan, A, Traylor, M, Drazyk, AM, Parry, D, Ahmed, M, Kazkaz, H, Vandersteen, AM, Ormondroyd, E, Thomson, K, Dent, T, Buchan, RJ, Bueser, T, Carr-White, G, Cook, S, Daniels, MJ, Harper, AR, Ware, JS, Dixon, PH, Chambers, J, Cheng, F, Estiu, MC, Hague, WM, Marschall, H-U, Vazquez-Lopez, M, Arno, G, French, CE, Michaelides, M, Moore, AT, Sanchis-Juan, A, Carss, K, Raymond, FL, Chinnery, PF, Griffiths, P, Horvath, R, Hudson, G, Jurkute, N, Pyle, A, Yu-Wai-Man, P, Whitworth, J, Adlard, J, Armstrong, R, Brewer, C, Casey, R, Cole, TRP, Evans, DG, Greenhalgh, L, Hanson, HL, Hoffman, J, Izatt, L, Kumar, A, Lalloo, F, Ong, KR, Park, S-M, Searle, C, Side, L, Snape, K, Woodward, E, Tischkowitz, M, Grozeva, D, Kurian, MA, Themistocleous, AC, Gosal, D, Marshall, A, Matthews, E, McCarthy, MI, Renton, T, Rice, ASC, Vale, T, Walker, SM, Woods, CG, Thaventhiran, JE, Allen, HL, Savic, S, Alachkar, H, Antrobus, R, Baxendale, HE, Browning, MJ, Buckland, MS, Cooper, N, Edgar, JDM, Egner, W, Gilmour, KC, Goddard, S, Gordins, P, Grigoriadou, S, Hackett, S, Hague, R, Hayman, G, Herwadkar, A, Huissoon, AP, Jolles, S, Kelleher, P, Kumararatne, D, Longhurst, H, Lorenzo, LE, Lyons, PA, Maimaris, J, Noorani, S, Richter, A, Sargur, RB, Sewell, WAC, Thomas, D, Thomas, MJ, Worth, A, Yong, PFK, Kuijpers, TW, Thrasher, AJ, Levine, AP, Sadeghi-Alavijeh, O, Wong, EKS, Cook, HT, Chan, MMY, Hall, M, Harris, C, McAlinden, P, Marchbank, KJ, Marks, S, Maxwell, H, Mozere, M, Wessels, J, Johnson, SA, Bleda, M, Hadinnapola, C, Haimel, M, Swietlik, E, Bogaard, H, Church, C, Coghlan, G, Condliffe, R, Corris, P, Danesino, C, Eyries, M, Gall, H, Ghofrani, H-A, Gibbs, JSR, Girerd, B, Holden, S, Houweling, A, Howard, LS, Humbert, M, Kiely, DG, Kovacs, G, Lawrie, A, Ross, RVM, Moledina, S, Montani, D, Newnham, M, Olschewski, A, Olschewski, H, Peacock, A, Pepke-Zaba, J, Scelsi, L, Seeger, W, Soubrier, F, Suntharalingam, J, Toshner, M, Treacy, C, Trembath, R, Noordegraaf, AV, Waisfisz, Q, Wharton, J, Wilkins, MR, Wort, SJ, Graf, S, Louka, E, Roy, NB, Rao, A, Ancliff, P, Babbs, C, Layton, DM, Mead, AJ, O'Sullivan, J, Okoli, S, Saleem, M, Bierzynska, A, Diz, CB, Colby, E, Ekani, MN, Satchell, S, Fowler, T, Rendon, A, Scott, R, Smedley, D, Thomas, E, Caulfield, M, Abbs, S, Burrows, N, Chitre, M, Gattens, M, Gurnell, M, Kelsall, W, Poole, KES, Ross-Russell, R, Spasic-Boskovic, O, Twiss, P, Wagner, A, Banka, S, Clayton-Smith, J, Douzgou, S, Abulhoul, L, Aurora, P, Bockenhauer, D, Cleary, M, Dattani, M, Ganesan, V, Pilkington, C, Rahman, S, Shah, N, Wedderburn, L, Compton, CJ, Deshpande, C, Fassihi, H, Haque, E, Josifova, D, Mohammed, SN, Robert, L, Rose, SJ, Ruddy, DM, Sarkany, RN, Sayer, G, Shaw, AC, Campbell, C, Gibson, K, Koelling, N, Lester, T, Nemeth, AH, Palles, C, Patel, S, Sen, A, Taylor, J, Tomlinson, IP, Malka, S, Browning, AC, Burn, J, De Soyza, A, Graham, J, Pearce, S, Quinton, R, Schaefer, AM, Wilson, BT, Wright, M, Simpson, M, Syrris, P, Bradley, JR, Turro, E, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, AII - Inflammatory diseases, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, Medical Research Council (MRC), Wellcome Trust, Wei, Wei [0000-0002-2945-3543], Tuna, Salih [0000-0003-3606-4367], Smith, Katherine R [0000-0002-0329-5938], Beales, Phil L [0000-0002-9164-9782], Bennett, David L [0000-0002-7996-2696], Gale, Daniel P [0000-0002-9170-1579], Brennan, Paul [0000-0003-1128-6254], Elliott, Perry [0000-0003-3383-3984], Floto, R Andres [0000-0002-2188-5659], Houlden, Henry [0000-0002-2866-7777], Koziell, Ania [0000-0003-4882-0246], Maher, Eamonn R [0000-0002-6226-6918], Markus, Hugh S [0000-0002-9794-5996], Morrell, Nicholas W [0000-0001-5700-9792], Newman, William G [0000-0002-6382-4678], Sayer, John A [0000-0003-1881-3782], Smith, Kenneth GC [0000-0003-3829-4326], Taylor, Jenny C [0000-0003-3602-5704], Watkins, Hugh [0000-0002-5287-9016], Webster, Andrew R [0000-0001-6915-9560], Wilkie, Andrew OM [0000-0002-2972-5481], Penkett, Christopher J [0000-0003-4006-7261], Stirrups, Kathleen E [0000-0002-6823-3252], Rendon, Augusto [0000-0001-8994-0039], Bradley, John R [0000-0002-7774-8805], Turro, Ernest [0000-0002-1820-6563], Chinnery, Patrick F [0000-0002-7065-6617], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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0301 basic medicine ,Non-Mendelian inheritance ,Genome ,Mitochondrial/genetics ,DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ovum/growth & development ,MTDNA ,TRANSCRIPTION ,Genetics ,education.field_of_study ,Multidisciplinary ,NIHR BioResource–Rare Diseases ,ASSOCIATION ,Heteroplasmy ,Mitochondrial ,Multidisciplinary Sciences ,GENOME ,REPLACEMENT ,Science & Technology - Other Topics ,Female ,Maternal Inheritance ,Mitochondrial DNA ,General Science & Technology ,Genetic genealogy ,Population ,Biology ,Human mitochondrial genetics ,SEQUENCE ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,03 medical and health sciences ,Genetic ,100,000 Genomes Project–Rare Diseases Pilot ,Genetic variation ,MD Multidisciplinary ,Humans ,Selection, Genetic ,education ,Selection ,Ovum ,Science & Technology ,MUTATIONS ,Genetic Variation ,DNA ,LEIGH-DISEASE ,030104 developmental biology ,REPLICATION ,Genome, Mitochondrial ,HETEROPLASMY ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
INTRODUCTION Only 2.4% of the 16.5-kb mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome shows homoplasmic variation at >1% frequency in humans. Migration patterns have contributed to geographic differences in the frequency of common genetic variants, but population genetic evidence indicates that selection shapes the evolving mtDNA phylogeny. The mechanism and timing of this process are not clear. Unlike the nuclear genome, mtDNA is maternally transmitted and there are many copies in each cell. Initially, a new genetic variant affects only a proportion of the mtDNA (heteroplasmy). During female germ cell development, a reduction in the amount of mtDNA per cell causes a “genetic bottleneck,” which leads to rapid segregation of mtDNA molecules and different levels of heteroplasmy between siblings. Although heteroplasmy is primarily governed by random genetic drift, there is evidence of selection occurring during this process in animals. Yet it has been difficult to demonstrate this convincingly in humans. RATIONALE To determine whether there is selection for or against heteroplasmic mtDNA variants during transmission, we studied 12,975 whole-genome sequences, including 1526 mother–offspring pairs of which 45.1% had heteroplasmy affecting >1% of mtDNA molecules. Harnessing both the mtDNA and nuclear genome sequences, we then determined whether the nuclear genetic background influenced mtDNA heteroplasmy, validating our findings in another 40,325 individuals. RESULTS Previously unknown mtDNA variants were less likely to be inherited than known variants, in which the level of heteroplasmy tended to increase on transmission. Variants in the ribosomal RNA genes were less likely to be transmitted, whereas variants in the noncoding displacement (D)–loop were more likely to be transmitted. MtDNA variants predicted to affect the protein sequence tended to have lower heteroplasmy levels than synonymous variants. In 12,975 individuals, we identified a correlation between the location of heteroplasmic sites and known D-loop polymorphisms, including the absence of variants in critical sites required for mtDNA transcription and replication. We defined 206 unrelated individuals for which the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes were from different human populations. In these individuals, new population-specific heteroplasmies were more likely to match the nuclear genetic ancestry than the mitochondrial genome on which the mutations occurred. These findings were independently replicated in 654 additional unrelated individuals. CONCLUSION The characteristics of mtDNA in the human population are shaped by selective forces acting on heteroplasmy within the female germ line and are influenced by the nuclear genetic background. The signature of selection can be seen over one generation, ensuring consistency between these two independent genetic systems.
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- 2019
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9. RF26 Quantifying inequalities in looked after children in england
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Lai, ETC, primary, Taylor-Robinson, D, additional, and Bennett, DL, additional
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- 2019
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10. Neutralization of endogenous NGF prevents the sensitization of nociceptors supplying inflamed skin
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Koltzenburg, M, Bennett, DL, Shelton, DL, and McMahon, SB
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nervous system - Abstract
Evidence suggests that nerve growth factor (NGF) is an important mediator in inflammatory pain states: NGF levels increase in inflamed tissue, and neutralization of endogenous NGF prevents the hyperalgesia which normally develops during inflammation of the skin. Here we asked whether NGF contributes to sensitization of primary afferent nociceptors, which are an important component of pain and hyperalgesia in inflamed tissue. An in vitro skin nerve preparation of the rat was used to directly record the receptive properties of thin myelinated (Adelta) and unmyelinated (C) nociceptors innervating normal hairy skin, carrageenan-inflamed skin and carrageenan-inflamed skin where endogenous NGF had been neutralized by application of a trkA-IgG (tyrosine kinase Aimmunoglobulin G) fusion molecule. Following carrageenan inflammation, there was a marked increase in the proportion of nociceptors which displayed ongoing activity (50% of nociceptors developed spontaneous activity compared to 4% of nociceptors innervating normal uninflamed skin), and this was reflected in a significant increase in the average ongoing discharge activity. Spontaneously active fibres were sensitized to heat and displayed a more than twofold increase in their discharge to a standard noxious heat stimulus. Furthermore, the number of nociceptors responding to the algesic mediator bradykinin increased significantly from 28% to 58%. By contrast, the mechanical threshold of nociceptive afferents did not change during inflammation. When the NGF-neutralizing molecule trkA-IgG was coadministered with carrageenan at the onset of the inflammation, primary afferent nociceptors did not sensitize and displayed essentially normal response properties, although the inflammation as evidenced by tissue oedema developed normally. We therefore conclude that NGF is a crucial component for the sensitization of primary afferent nociceptors associated with tissue inflammation.
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- 2016
11. The clinical approach to small fibre neuropathy and painful channelopathy
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Themistocleous, AC, Ramirez, JD, Serra, J, and Bennett, DL
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Small fibre neuropathy (SFN) is characterised by structural injury selectively affecting small diameter sensory and/or autonomic axons. The clinical presentation is dominated by pain. SFN complicates a number of common diseases such as diabetes mellitus and is likely to be increasingly encountered. The diagnosis of SFN is demanding as clinical features can be vague and nerve conduction studies normal. New diagnostic techniques, in particular measurement of intraepidermal nerve fibre density, have significantly improved the diagnostic efficiency of SFN. Management is focused on the treatment of the underlying cause and analgesia, as there is no neuroprotective therapy. A recent and significant advance is the finding that a proportion of cases labelled as idiopathic SFN are in fact associated with gain of function mutations of the voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 (encoded by the genes SCN9A and SCN10A, respectively). There is a further group of heritable painful conditions in which gain of function mutations in ion channels alter excitability of sensory neurones but do not cause frank axon degeneration; these include mutations in Nav1.7 (causing erythromelalgia and paroxysmal extreme pain disorder) and TRPA1 (resulting in familial episodic pain disorder). These conditions are exceptionally rare but have provided great insight into the nociceptive system as well as yielding potential analgesic drug targets. In patients with no pre-existing risk factor, the investigation of an underlying cause of SFN should be systematic and appropriate for the patient population. In this review, we focus on how to incorporate recent developments in the diagnosis and pathophysiology of SFN into clinical practice.
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- 2016
12. Mexiletine as a treatment for primary erythromelalgia: normalization of biophysical properties of mutant L858F NaV 1.7 sodium channels
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Cregg, R, Cox, JJ, Bennett, DL, Wood, JN, and Werdehausen, R
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The non-selective sodium channel inhibitor mexiletine has been found to be effective in several animal models of chronic pain and has become popular in the clinical setting as an orally available alternative to lidocaine. It remains unclear why patients with monogenic pain disorders secondary to gain-of-function SCN9a mutations benefit from a low systemic concentration of mexiletine, which does not usually induce adverse neurological side effects. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the biophysical effects of mexiletine on the L858F primary erythromelalgia NaV 1.7 mutation in vitro. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Human wild-type and L858F-mutated NaV 1.7 channels were expressed in HEK293A cells. Whole-cell currents were recorded by voltage-clamp techniques to characterize the effect of mexiletine on channel gating properties. KEY RESULTS: While the concentration-dependent tonic block of peak currents by mexiletine was similar in wild-type and L858F channels, phasic block was more pronounced in cells transfected with the L858F mutation. Moreover, mexiletine substantially shifted the pathologically-hyperpolarized voltage-dependence of steady-state activation in L858F-mutated channels towards wild-type values and the voltage-dependence of steady-state fast inactivation was shifted to more hyperpolarized potentials, leading to an overall reduction in window currents. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Mexiletine has a normalizing effect on the pathological gating properties of the L858F gain-of-function mutation in NaV 1.7, which, in part, might explain the beneficial effects of systemic treatment with mexiletine in patients with gain-of-function sodium channel disorders.
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- 2016
13. Brain microglia in psychiatric disorders
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Mondelli, Valeria, Vernon, Anthony C, Turkheimer, Federico, Dazzan, Paola, Pariante, Carmine M, Frost, JL, Schafer, DP, Banati, RB, Newcombe, J, Gunn, RN, al., et, Tang, Y, Le, W, Estes, ML, McAllister, AK, Ransohoff, RM, Davalos, D, Grutzendler, J, Yang, G, Peferoen, LA, Vogel, DY, Ummenthum, K, Norden, DM, Trojanowski, PJ, Villanueva, E, Navarro, E, Godbout, JP, Kreisel, T, Frank, MG, Licht, T, Wachholz, S, Eßlinger, M, Plümper, J, Manitz, MP, Juckel, G, Friebe, A, Trépanier, MO, Hopperton, KE, Mizrahi, R, Mechawar, N, Bazinet, RP, Torres-Platas, SG, Cruceanu, C, Chen, GG, Turecki, G, Steiner, J, Bielau, H, Brisch, R, Schnieder, TP, Trencevska, I, Rosoklija, G, Fillman, SG, Cloonan, N, Catts, VS, Rupprecht, R, Papadopoulos, V, Rammes, G, Qiu, ZK, Li, MS, He, JL, Hannestad, J, Gallezot, JD, Schafbauer, T, Israel, I, Ohsiek, A, Al-Momani, E, Mirzaei, N, Tang, SP, Ashworth, S, Gulyás, B, Makkai, B, Kása, P, Turkheimer, FE, Rizzo, G, Bloomfield, PS, Owen, DR, Yeo, AJ, DellaGioia, N, Setiawan, E, Wilson, AA, Su, L, Faluyi, YO, Hong, YT, Haarman, BC, Lek, RF Riemersma-Van der, Groot, JC de, Berckel, BN van, Bossong, MG, Boellaard, R, Doorduin, J, Vries, EF de, Willemsen, AT, Dierckx, RA, Klein, HC, Takano, A, Arakawa, R, Ito, H, Kenk, M, Selvanathan, T, Rao, N, Selvaraj, S, Veronese, M, Coughlin, JM, Wang, Y, Ambinder, EB, Doef, TF van der, Witte, LD de, Sutterland, AL, Hafizi, S, Tseng, HH, Holmes, SE, Hinz, R, Drake, RJ, Yaqub, M, Schuitemaker, A, Edison, P, Pavese, N, Lockhart, A, Davis, B, Matthews, JC, Quarantelli, M, Laule, C, Vavasour, IM, Kolind, SH, Pasternak, O, Sochen, N, Gur, Y, Intrator, N, Assaf, Y, Andreasen, NC, Ehrhardt, JC, Swayze, VW, Supprian, T, Hofmann, E, Warmuth-Metz, M, Franzek, E, Becker, T, Pfefferbaum, A, Sullivan, EV, Hedehus, M, Moseley, M, Lim, KO, Mandl, RC, Schnack, HG, Luigjes, J, Cahn, W, Bagary, MS, Symms, MR, Barker, GJ, Mutsatsa, SH, Joyce, EM, Ron, MA, Foong, J, Maier, M, Brocklehurst, S, Miller, DH, Kubicki, M, Park, H, Westin, CF, Bouix, S, Dahlben, B, Oestreich, LK, Shenton, ME, Amato, D, Beasley, CL, Hahn, MK, Vernon, AC, Natesan, S, Modo, M, Kapur, S, Mondelli, V, Reininghaus, U, Kempton, MJ, Valmaggia, L, Baumeister, D, Lightman, SL, Pariante, CM, Danese, A, Moffitt, TE, Ambler, A, Poulton, R, Caspi, A, Akhtar, R, Ciufolini, S, Meyer, U, So, PW, Lythgoe, DJ, Cotel, MC, Lenartowicz, EM, Anacker, C, Calcia, MA, Bonsall, DR, Barichello, T, Howes, OD, Burke, NN, Fan, CY, Trang, T, McMahon, SB, Russa, F La, Bennett, DL, Püntener, U, Booth, SG, Perry, VH, Teeling, JL, Hahn, YK, Podhaizer, EM, Farris, SP, Miles, MF, Hauser, KF, Knapp, PE, Notter, T, Gschwind, T, Varga, B, Markó, K, Hádinger, N, Cattaneo, A, Ferrari, C, Uher, R, Belvederi, Murri M, Sandiego, CM, Pittman, B, Weber, MD, Sheridan, JF, Raison, CL, Rutherford, RE, Woolwine, BJ, Möller, T, Boddeke, HW, O'Connor, JC, Lawson, MA, André, C, Hinwood, M, Morandini, J, Day, TA, Walker, FR, Bard, F, Bhattacharya, A, Pae, CU, Marks, DM, Han, C, Patkar, AA, Oya, K, Kishi, T, Iwata, N, Pathology, NCA - Neuroinflamation, Molecular cell biology and Immunology, Gastroenterology and hepatology, CCA - Disease profiling, ICaR - Heartfailure and pulmonary arterial hypertension, ICaR - Ischemia and repair, NCA - Brain imaging technology, Radiology and nuclear medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Brain Imaging, Otolaryngology / Head & Neck Surgery, EMGO - Quality of care, AII - Infectious diseases, CCA - Imaging, and Neurology
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Psychology ,In patient ,Psychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,Neuroinflammation ,Inflammation ,Microglia ,business.industry ,Macrophages ,Mental Disorders ,Brain ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Psychosocial stress ,Treatment strategy ,Autopsy ,business ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Stress, Psychological ,Immune activation - Abstract
SummaryThe role of immune activation in psychiatric disorders has attracted considerable attention over the past two decades, contributing to the rise of a new era for psychiatry. Microglia, the macrophages of the brain, are progressively becoming the main focus of the research in this field. In this Review, we assess the literature on microglia activation across different psychiatric disorders, including post-mortem and in-vivo studies in humans and experimental studies in animals. Although microglia activation has been noted in all types of psychiatric disorder, no association was seen with specific diagnostic categories. Furthermore, the findings from these studies highlight that not all psychiatric patients have microglial activation. Therefore, the cause of the neuroinflammation in these cohorts and its implications are unclear. We discuss psychosocial stress as one of the main factors determining microglial activation in patients with psychiatric disorders, and explore the relevance of these findings for future treatment strategies.
- Published
- 2016
14. ACR Appropriateness Criteria®on Suspected Osteomyelitis in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
- Author
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Schweitzer, ME, Daffner, RH, Weissman, BN, Bennett, DL, Blebea, JS, Jacobson, JA, Morrison, WB, Resnik, CS, Roberts, CC, Rubin, DA, Seeger, LL, Taljanovic, M, Wise, JN, and Payne, WK
- Abstract
Imaging of the diabetic foot is among the most challenging areas of radiology. The authors present a consensus of the suggested tests in several clinical scenarios, such as early neuropathy, soft-tissue swelling, skin ulcer, and suspected osteomyelitis. In most of these situations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with or without contrast is the examination of choice. Most other imaging tests have complementary roles. For soft-tissue swelling or an ulcer, radiography and MRI with or without contrast are suggested. Bone scintigraphy with white blood cell scanning is used when MRI is contraindicated. In patients with diabetes without ulcers, radiography and MRI with or without contrast are suggested; bone scanning may be used when MRI is contraindicated. © 2008 American College of Radiology.
- Published
- 2008
15. Adipocytes support cAMP-dependent translocation of aquaporin-2 from intracellular sites distinct from the insulin-responsive GLUT4 storage compartment
- Author
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Donne Bennett dL. Caces, Giovanna Valenti, Giuseppe Procino, and Jeffrey E. Pessin
- Subjects
Physiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Membrane translocation ,Chromosomal translocation ,Biology ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Kidney ,symbols.namesake ,Mice ,medicine ,Adipocytes ,Cyclic AMP ,Animals ,Humans ,Insulin ,Phosphorylation ,Aquaporin 2 ,Glucose Transporter Type 4 ,Microscopy, Confocal ,urogenital system ,GLUT4 storage compartment ,Cell Membrane ,Epithelial Cells ,Golgi apparatus ,Cell biology ,Biochemistry ,symbols ,Intracellular ,Plasmids - Abstract
Aquaporin-2 (AQP2), when expressed in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, displays cAMP-dependent plasma membrane translocation in a manner similar to its behavior in renal epithelial cells. The translocation of AQP2 required phosphorylation at serine 256, as the expression of AQP2/S256D was constitutively plasma membrane localized, whereas AQP2/S256A was refractory to forskolin stimulation. Unlike GLUT4, this property is not inhibited by depolymerization of cortical actin. In addition, coexpression with the dominant negative form of TC10 (TC10/T31N) or inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase did not abrogate the cAMP-mediated response. Under basal conditions, AQP2 is localized in both the perinuclear region and in punctate vesicles scattered within the periphery of the cell. Two- and three-dimensional confocal immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that the adipocyte AQP2 cAMP-responsive compartment was distinct from the GLUT4 insulin-responsive compartment. Consistent with this conclusion, insulin was an effective stimulator of GLUT4 translocation but had no effect on AQP2. Conversely, forskolin induced AQP2 translocation but not GLUT4. Colocalization studies with the early endosomal marker EEA1 and transferrin receptor suggested that the AQP2 compartment is mostly distinct from endosomal vesicles. Interestingly, however, the peripheral AQP2 vesicles significantly overlapped vesicle-associated membrane protein-2, underscoring the role of the latter in hormone-regulated exocytosis. To acquire insulin responsiveness following biosynthesis, GLUT4 undergoes a slow sorting step that requires 6–9 h. In contrast, AQP2 rapidly acquires forskolin responsiveness (3 h following biosynthesis) and directly enters the cAMP-regulated compartment without transiting the plasma membrane. Together, these data demonstrate that adipocytes display two different intracellular sorting mechanisms that direct distinct hormone-sensitive partitioning of GLUT4 and AQP2.
- Published
- 2005
16. Accelerated schedule of hepatitis B vaccination in high-risk youth
- Author
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Wilkinson Se, Bennett Dl, Morath M, Burgess Ma, and David Isaacs
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Vaccination schedule ,medicine.disease_cause ,Serology ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Humans ,Hepatitis B Vaccines ,Immunization Schedule ,Hepatitis B virus ,business.industry ,Hepatitis B ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Vaccination ,Immunization ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Immunology ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,Viral disease ,New South Wales ,business - Abstract
Objective: To perform a feasibility and immunogenicity study of an accelerated schedule of hepatitis B immunization for high-risk youth. Methodology: High-risk adolescents attending a youth health centre and nearby youth refuges were immunized with Engerix-B recombinant vaccine, 20 μg intramuscularly, at 0,2 and 6 weeks. Serology was performed prior to immunization and 3 months after the third dose. Results: Forty-two subjects (27 female) aged 13-20 years entered the study. Two (4.8%), already hepatitis B virus (HBV) seropositive, were excluded. Thirty-six of 40 subjects had one or more risk factors for HBV. Participants were often elusive, needing multiple attempts to establish contact. Twenty (50%) of the 40 completed three immunizations and all 14 studied developed anti-hepatitis B surface titres of > 100mlU/mL (geometric mean titre 630 mIU/mL, 95% confidence intervals 309-1290). Conclusion: High-risk youth can be immunized against hepatitis B successfully using an accelerated schedule, but compliance is difficult.
- Published
- 1996
17. ADOLESCENT HEALTH CARE: THE INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION
- Author
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Williams M and Bennett Dl
- Subjects
Nursing ,business.industry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Health care ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Self care ,Dimension (data warehouse) ,business ,Psychology ,Adolescent health - Published
- 1993
18. YOUNG PEOPLE AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE
- Author
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Bennett, DL, primary
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Art and “the Language of Well-Being” in Adolescent Health Care
- Author
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Thwaite, P, primary, Bennett, DL, additional, Pynor, H, additional, and Zigmond, H, additional
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Clinical Assessment, Management and Outcomes of a Group of Adolescents Presenting with Complex Medico-psychosocial Conditions
- Author
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Szyndler, JE, primary, Towns, S, additional, Hoffman, RC, additional, and Bennett, DL, additional
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Chronic illness perception in adolescence: Implications for the doctor‐patient relationship
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LEUNG, SS, primary, STEINBECK, KS, additional, MORRIS, SL, additional, KOHN, MR, additional, TOWNS, SJ, additional, and BENNETT, DL, additional
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. ACR APPROPRIATENESS CRITERIA on suspected osteomyelitis in patients with diabetes mellitus.
- Author
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Schweitzer ME, Daffner RH, Weissman BN, Bennett DL, Blebea JS, Jacobson JA, Morrison WB, Resnik CS, Roberts CC, Rubin DA, Seeger LL, Taljanovic M, Wise JN, and Payne WK
- Abstract
Imaging of the diabetic foot is among the most challenging areas of radiology. The authors present a consensus of the suggested tests in several clinical scenarios, such as early neuropathy, soft-tissue swelling, skin ulcer, and suspected osteomyelitis. In most of these situations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with or without contrast is the examination of choice. Most other imaging tests have complementary roles. For soft-tissue swelling or an ulcer, radiography and MRI with or without contrast are suggested. Bone scintigraphy with white blood cell scanning is used when MRI is contraindicated. In patients with diabetes without ulcers, radiography and MRI with or without contrast are suggested; bone scanning may be used when MRI is contraindicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Effect of occupational keyboard typing on magnetic resonance imaging of the median nerve in subjects with and without symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome.
- Author
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Shafer-Crane GA, Meyer RA, Schlinger MC, Bennett DL, Robinson KK, and Rechtien JJ
- Published
- 2005
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- View/download PDF
24. General approach to lytic bone lesions.
- Author
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Bennett DL and El-Khoury GY
- Abstract
When interpreting musculoskeletal radiographs, a radiologist must be able to identify a lytic lesion and provide a definitive diagnosis or a reasonable differential diagnosis for the lesion. This article addresses these issues and details a rational and systematic approach to such lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Access to health care among Australian adolescents young people's perspectives and their sociodemographic distribution.
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Booth ML, Bernard D, Quine S, Kang MS, Usherwood T, Alperstein G, and Bennett DL
- Abstract
PURPOSE: To identify the health concerns for which adolescent residents in New South Wales, Australia, do not receive health care, and the associated factors, including their sociodemographic distribution. METHODS: Purposive sampling was used to recruit school students who were stratified by gender and age (12-14, 14-16 and 16-17 years), from schools stratified by socioeconomic status and urban/rural location. Out-of-school young people were recruited through youth health services. Qualitative methods were used to collect and analyze data. RESULTS: Eighty-one focus groups were conducted. Most young people defined health solely in terms of their physical well-being, but still identified a broad range of situations, conditions, or behaviors which they believed might affect their health. One-third of females and two-thirds of males said they would not seek help for their health concerns, and when they did, were most likely to seek help from family, friends, or others they trusted. When professional help was sought, young people again preferred someone they knew and trusted. The three groups of barriers to accessing health care were: concerns about confidentiality, knowledge of services and discomfort in disclosing health concerns, and accessibility and characteristics of services. Factors related to use of health care services were associated with age, gender, and location, but rarely with socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of these young people in New South Wales (particularly males) do not seek health care despite identifying a broad range of issues that affect their health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. International developments in adolescent health care: a story of advocacy and achievement.
- Author
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Bennett DL and Tonkin RS
- Abstract
The contemporary health problems of young people occur within the context of the physical, social, cultural, economic, and political realities within which they live. There are commonalities and differences in this context among developed and developing countries, thus differing effects on the individual's personal as well as national development. Internationally, the origins and evolution of health care for adolescents can be viewed as an unfolding saga taking place particularly over the past 30 years. It is a story of advocacy and subsequent achievement in all corners of the world. This paper reviews the important developments in the international arena, recognizes major pioneers and milestones, and explores some of the current and future issues facing the field. The authors draw heavily on their experiences with the major nongovernmental adolescent health organizations. The special roles of the World Health Organization, Pan American Health Organization, and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) are highlighted, and special consideration is given to the challenge of inclusion through youth participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
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- View/download PDF
27. Diabetes Mellitus in Adolescents
- Author
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Bennett Dl and Ward Ms
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Development period ,Health professionals ,business.industry ,Psychology, Adolescent ,Insulin, Isophane ,General Medicine ,Social issues ,medicine.disease ,Diabetic Ketoacidosis ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Ambulatory care ,Family medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Diet, Diabetic ,Emergency medicine ,Ambulatory Care ,Humans ,Insulin ,Medicine ,Female ,business ,Social Adjustment - Abstract
A comprehensive approach to care of adolescents with diabetes mellitus requires knowledge of the unique characteristics of juvenile diabetes during this development period, appropriate medical goals, and awareness of the numerous psychologic and social problems encountered. Involvement of other health professionals is frequently needed. Successful adjustment of the adolescent to having diabetes includes absence of "maladaptive" coping mechanisms, realistic future goals, and acceptance of responsibility for self-care.
- Published
- 1977
28. Characterisation and mechanisms of bradykinin-evoked pain in man using iontophoresis
- Author
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Paterson, KJ, Zambreanu, L, Bennett, DL, and McMahon, SB
- Subjects
Pain ,Des-Arg9-bradykinin ,Iontophoresis ,Bradykinin ,Mast cell - Abstract
Bradykinin (BK) is an inflammatory mediator that can evoke oedema and vasodilatation, and is a potent algogen signalling via the B1 and B2 G-protein coupled receptors. In naïve skin, BK is effective via constitutively expressed B2 receptors (B2R), while B1 receptors (B1R) are purported to be upregulated by inflammation. The aim of this investigation was to optimise BK delivery to investigate the algesic effects of BK and how these are modulated by inflammation. BK iontophoresis evoked dose- and temperature-dependent pain and neurogenic erythema, as well as thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia (P < 0.001 vs saline control). To differentiate the direct effects of BK from indirect effects mediated by histamine released from mast cells (MCs), skin was pretreated with compound 4880 to degranulate the MCs prior to BK challenge. The early phase of BK-evoked pain was reduced in degranulated skin (P < 0.001), while thermal and mechanical sensitisation, wheal, and flare were still evident. In contrast to BK, the B1R selective agonist des-Arg9-BK failed to induce pain or sensitise naïve skin. However, following skin inflammation induced by ultraviolet B irradiation, this compound produced a robust pain response. We have optimised a versatile experimental model by which BK and its analogues can be administered to human skin. We have found that there is an early phase of BK-induced pain which partly depends on the release of inflammatory mediators by MCs; however, subsequent hyperalgesia is not dependent on MC degranulation. In naïve skin, B2R signaling predominates, however, cutaneous inflammation results in enhanced B1R responses. © 2013 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- View/download PDF
29. Dietary intakes and plasma concentrations of folate in healthy adolescents
- Author
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Daniel, WA, primary, Gaines, EG, additional, and Bennett, DL, additional
- Published
- 1975
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30. Autoimmune pain: an emerging concept.
- Author
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Bennett DL, Vincent A, Bennett, David L H, and Vincent, Angela
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Adolescent mental health and risky sexual behaviour: young people need health care that covers psychological, sexual, and social areas.
- Author
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Bennett DL and Bauman A
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Osteonecrosis of the distal tibia metaphysis after a salter-harris I injury: a case report.
- Author
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Pugely AJ, Nemeth BA, McCarthy JJ, Bennett DL, and Noonan KJ
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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33. Re: 'Radiology residency call: residents' perceptions of the on-call experience'.
- Author
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Janower ML, McDonald JM, and Bennett DL
- Published
- 2006
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34. Implications of child poverty reduction targets for public health and health inequalities in England: a modelling study between 2024 and 2033.
- Author
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McCabe R, Pollack R, Broadbent P, Thomson RM, Igelström E, Pearce A, Bambra C, Bennett DL, Alexandros A, Daras K, Taylor-Robinson D, Barr B, and Katikireddi SV
- Subjects
- Humans, England epidemiology, Infant, Child, Preschool, Child, Female, Male, Child Health, Adolescent, Infant, Newborn, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Poverty, Public Health, Infant Mortality trends, Health Status Disparities
- Abstract
Background: We investigated the potential impacts of child poverty (CP) reduction scenarios on population health and health inequalities in England between 2024 and 2033., Methods: We combined aggregate local authority-level data with published and newly created estimates on the association between CP and the rate per 100 000 of infant mortality, children (aged <16) looked after, child (aged <16) hospitalisations for nutritional anaemia and child (aged <16) all-cause emergency hospital admissions. We modelled relative, absolute (per 100 000) and total (per total population) annual changes for these outcomes under three CP reduction scenarios between 2024 and 2033- low-ambition (15% reduction), medium-ambition (25% reduction) and high-ambition (35% reduction)-compared with a baseline CP scenario (15% increase). Annual changes were aggregated between 2024 and 2033 at national, regional and deprivation (IMD tertiles) levels to investigate inequalities., Results: All CP reduction scenarios would result in substantial improvements to child health. Meeting the high-ambition reduction would decrease total cases of infant mortality (293; 95% CI 118 to 461), children looked after (4696; 95% CI 1987 to 7593), nutritional anaemia (458, 95% CI 336 to 574) and emergency admissions (32 650; 95% CI 4022 to 61 126) between 2024 and 2033. Northern regions (eg, North East) exhibited the greatest relative and absolute benefit. The most deprived tertile would experience the largest relative, absolute and total benefit; under high-ambition reduction, total infant mortality cases were predicted to fall by 126 (95% CI 51 to 199) in the most deprived tertile compared with 71 (95% CI 29 to 112) in the least between 2024 and 2033., Conclusions: Achieving reductions in CP could substantially improve child health and reduce health inequalities in England., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
35. Peripheral nerve injury results in a biased loss of sensory neuron subpopulations.
- Author
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Cooper AH, Barry AM, Chrysostomidou P, Lolignier R, Wang J, Redondo Canales M, Titterton HF, Bennett DL, and Weir GA
- Abstract
Abstract: There is a rich literature describing the loss of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons following peripheral axotomy, but the vulnerability of discrete subpopulations has not yet been characterised. Furthermore, the extent or even presence of neuron loss following injury has recently been challenged. In this study, we have used a range of transgenic recombinase driver mouse lines to genetically label molecularly defined subpopulations of DRG neurons and track their survival following traumatic nerve injury. We find that spared nerve injury leads to a marked loss of cells containing DRG volume and a concomitant loss of small-diameter DRG neurons. Neuron loss occurs unequally across subpopulations and is particularly prevalent in nonpeptidergic nociceptors, marked by expression of Mrgprd. We show that this subpopulation is almost entirely lost following spared nerve injury and severely depleted (by roughly 50%) following sciatic nerve crush. Finally, we used an in vitro model of DRG neuron survival to demonstrate that nonpeptidergic nociceptor loss is likely dependent on the absence of neurotrophic support. Together, these results profile the extent to which DRG neuron subpopulations can survive axotomy, with implications for our understanding of nerve injury-induced plasticity and pain., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the International Association for the Study of Pain.)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
36. Eleven neurology-related proteins measured in serum are positively correlated to the severity of diabetic neuropathy.
- Author
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Bäckryd E, Themistocleous A, Larsson A, Gordh T, Rice ASC, Tesfaye S, Bennett DL, and Gerdle B
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Biomarkers blood, Cluster Analysis, Diabetic Neuropathies blood, Diabetic Neuropathies diagnosis, Diabetic Neuropathies etiology
- Abstract
About 20% of patients with diabetes suffer from chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics. We investigated the multivariate associations between 92 neurology-related proteins measured in serum from 190 patients with painful and painless diabetic neuropathy. Participants were recruited from the Pain in Neuropathy Study, an observational cross-sectional multicentre study in which participants underwent deep phenotyping. In the exploration cohort, two groups were defined by hierarchical cluster analyses of protein data. The proportion of painless vs painful neuropathy did not differ between the two groups, but one group had a significantly higher grade of neuropathy as measured by the Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS). This finding was replicated in the replication cohort. Analyzing both groups together, we found that a group of 11 inter-correlated proteins (TNFRSF12A, SCARB2, N2DL-2, SKR3, EFNA4, LAYN, CLM-1, CD38, UNC5C, GFR-alpha-1, and JAM-B) were positively associated with TCSS values. Notably, EFNA4 and UNC5C are known to be part of axon guidance pathways. To conclude, although cluster analysis of 92 neurology-related proteins did not distinguish painful from painless diabetic neuropathy, we identified 11 proteins which positively correlated to neuropathy severity and warrant further investigation as potential biomarkers., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Cellular and axonal transport phenotypes due to the C9ORF72 HRE in iPSC motor and sensory neurons.
- Author
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Scaber J, Thomas-Wright I, Clark AJ, Xu Y, Vahsen BF, Carcolé M, Dafinca R, Farrimond L, Isaacs AM, Bennett DL, and Talbot K
- Subjects
- Humans, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells metabolism, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells cytology, C9orf72 Protein genetics, C9orf72 Protein metabolism, Motor Neurons metabolism, Sensory Receptor Cells metabolism, Axonal Transport, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis genetics, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis metabolism, Phenotype, DNA Repeat Expansion genetics
- Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons (MNs) from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and the C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) have multiple cellular phenotypes, but which of these accurately reflect the biology underlying the cell-specific vulnerability of ALS is uncertain. We therefore compared phenotypes due to the C9ORF72 HRE in MNs with sensory neurons (SNs), which are relatively spared in ALS. The iPSC models were able to partially reproduce the differential gene expression seen between adult SNs and MNs. We demonstrated that the typical hallmarks of C9ORF72-ALS, including RNA foci and dipeptide formation, as well as specific axonal transport defects, occurred equally in MNs and SNs, suggesting that these in vitro phenotypes are not sufficient to explain the cell-type selectivity of ALS in isolation., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. What is associated with painful polyneuropathy? A cross-sectional analysis of symptoms and signs in patients with painful and painless polyneuropathy.
- Author
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Gierthmühlen J, Attal N, Baskozos G, Bennedsgaard K, Bennett DL, Bouhassira D, Crombez G, Finnerup NB, Granovsky Y, Jensen TS, John J, Kennes LN, Laycock H, Pascal MMV, Rice ASC, Shafran-Topaz L, Themistocleous AC, Yarnitsky D, and Baron R
- Abstract
Abstract: It is still unclear how and why some patients develop painful and others painless polyneuropathy. The aim of this study was to identify multiple factors associated with painful polyneuropathies (NeuP). A total of 1181 patients of the multicenter DOLORISK database with painful (probable or definite NeuP) or painless (unlikely NeuP) probable or confirmed neuropathy were investigated clinically, with questionnaires and quantitative sensory testing. Multivariate logistic regression including all variables (demographics, medical history, psychological symptoms, personality items, pain-related worrying, life-style factors, as well as results from clinical examination and quantitative sensory testing) and machine learning was used for the identification of predictors and final risk prediction of painful neuropathy. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that severity and idiopathic etiology of neuropathy, presence of chronic pain in family, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Fatigue and Depression T-Score, as well as Pain Catastrophizing Scale total score are the most important features associated with the presence of pain in neuropathy. Machine learning (random forest) identified the same variables. Multivariate logistic regression archived an accuracy above 78%, random forest of 76%; thus, almost 4 out of 5 subjects can be classified correctly. This multicenter analysis shows that pain-related worrying, emotional well-being, and clinical phenotype are factors associated with painful (vs painless) neuropathy. Results may help in the future to identify patients at risk of developing painful neuropathy and identify consequences of pain in longitudinal studies., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the International Association for the Study of Pain.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Feasibility of Prospective Assignment of Initial Method of Detection of Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Pilot Study.
- Author
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Ghate SV, Bennett DL, Malak SF, Chen LE, Mogil LB, Shah R, and Eby PR
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Pilot Projects, Retrospective Studies, Middle Aged, United States, Registries, Aged, Prospective Studies, Adult, Early Detection of Cancer methods, Breast Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Feasibility Studies, Mammography methods
- Abstract
Objective: To determine the feasibility of standardized, prospective assignment of initial method of detection (MOD) of breast cancer by radiologists in diverse practice settings., Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study analyzed the rate of assignment of MOD in four geographically varied health systems. A universal protocol for basic MOD assignment was agreed upon by the authors before start of the pilot study. Radiologists at each site were instructed how to assign MOD. Charts were then reviewed to determine the frequency and accuracy of MOD assignment for all cases subsequently diagnosed with breast cancer. When available, data regarding frequency of tumor registry abstraction were also reviewed for frequency and accuracy., Results: A total of 2,328 patients with a new diagnosis of breast cancer were evaluated across the sites over the study period. Of these patients, initial MOD was prospectively assigned by the radiologist in 94% of cases. Of the cases in which MOD was assigned, retrospective review confirmed accurate assignment in 96% of cases., Conclusions: Prospective, standardized assignment of initial MOD of breast cancer is feasible across different practice sites and can be accurately captured in tumor registries. Standard collection of MOD would provide critical data about the impact of screening mammography in the United States., (Copyright © 2024 American College of Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Fibrocystic Change.
- Author
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Bennett DL, Buckley A, and Lee MV
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Diagnosis, Differential, Fibrocystic Breast Disease diagnostic imaging, Fibrocystic Breast Disease pathology, Mammography methods, Breast diagnostic imaging, Breast pathology
- Abstract
Fibrocystic changes are commonly seen in clinically symptomatic patients and during imaging workup of screening-detected findings. The term "fibrocystic changes" encompasses a broad spectrum of specific benign pathologic entities. Recognition of classically benign findings of fibrocystic changes, including cysts and layering calcifications, can prevent unnecessary follow-ups and biopsies. Imaging findings such as solid masses, nonlayering calcifications, and architectural distortion may require core needle biopsy for diagnosis. In these cases, understanding the varied appearances of fibrocystic change aids determination of radiologic-pathologic concordance. Management of fibrocystic change is typically conservative., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Axillary Seed Localization With Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Guidance: A Novel Technique Using Anterior Approach and Modified Stereotactic Guidance.
- Author
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Garrett HV and Bennett DL
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Stereotaxic Techniques, Middle Aged, Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy methods, Breast Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Breast Neoplasms surgery, Axilla diagnostic imaging, Mammography methods
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Female Breast Cancer Screening: 2023 Update.
- Author
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Niell BL, Jochelson MS, Amir T, Brown A, Adamson M, Baron P, Bennett DL, Chetlen A, Dayaratna S, Freer PE, Ivansco LK, Klein KA, Malak SF, Mehta TS, Moy L, Neal CH, Newell MS, Richman IB, Schonberg M, Small W Jr, Ulaner GA, and Slanetz PJ
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, United States, Mammography standards, Mammography methods, Risk Assessment, Mass Screening methods, Breast Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Early Detection of Cancer methods, Societies, Medical, Evidence-Based Medicine
- Abstract
Early detection of breast cancer from regular screening substantially reduces breast cancer mortality and morbidity. Multiple different imaging modalities may be used to screen for breast cancer. Screening recommendations differ based on an individual's risk of developing breast cancer. Numerous factors contribute to breast cancer risk, which is frequently divided into three major categories: average, intermediate, and high risk. For patients assigned female at birth with native breast tissue, mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis are the recommended method for breast cancer screening in all risk categories. In addition to the recommendation of mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis in high-risk patients, screening with breast MRI is recommended. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation., (Copyright © 2024 American College of Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Advances and challenges in modeling inherited peripheral neuropathies using iPSCs.
- Author
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Van Lent J, Prior R, Pérez Siles G, Cutrupi AN, Kennerson ML, Vangansewinkel T, Wolfs E, Mukherjee-Clavin B, Nevin Z, Judge L, Conklin B, Tyynismaa H, Clark AJ, Bennett DL, Van Den Bosch L, Saporta M, and Timmerman V
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases genetics, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases pathology, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases therapy, Organoids metabolism, Models, Biological, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells metabolism, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells cytology
- Abstract
Inherited peripheral neuropathies (IPNs) are a group of diseases associated with mutations in various genes with fundamental roles in the development and function of peripheral nerves. Over the past 10 years, significant advances in identifying molecular disease mechanisms underlying axonal and myelin degeneration, acquired from cellular biology studies and transgenic fly and rodent models, have facilitated the development of promising treatment strategies. However, no clinical treatment has emerged to date. This lack of treatment highlights the urgent need for more biologically and clinically relevant models recapitulating IPNs. For both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a particularly powerful platform for disease modeling and preclinical studies. In this review, we provide an update on different in vitro human cellular IPN models, including traditional two-dimensional monoculture iPSC derivatives, and recent advances in more complex human iPSC-based systems using microfluidic chips, organoids, and assembloids., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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44. Breast cancer outcomes based on method of detection in community-based breast cancer registry.
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Bennett DL, Winter AM, Billadello L, Lowdermilk MC, Doherty CM, Kazmi S, Laster S, Al-Hammadi N, Hardy A, Kopans DB, and Moy L
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Mammography methods, Retrospective Studies, Mastectomy methods, Early Detection of Cancer methods, Registries, Mass Screening methods, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology, Breast Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Purpose: The impact of opportunistic screening mammography in the United States is difficult to quantify, partially due to lack of inclusion regarding method of detection (MOD) in national registries. This study sought to determine the feasibility of MOD collection in a multicenter community registry and to compare outcomes and characteristics of breast cancer based on MOD., Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of breast cancer patients from a multicenter tumor registry in Missouri from January 2004 - December 2018. Registry data were extracted by certified tumor registrars and included MOD, clinicopathologic information, and treatment. MOD was assigned as screen-detected or clinically detected. Data were analyzed at the patient level. Chi-squared tests were used for categorical variable comparison and Mann-Whitney-U test was used for numerical variable comparison., Results: 5351 women (median age, 63 years; interquartile range, 53-73 years) were included. Screen-detected cancers were smaller than clinically detected cancers (median size 12 mm vs. 25 mm; P < .001) and more likely node-negative (81% vs. 54%; P < .001), lower grade (P < .001), and lower stage (P < .001). Screen-detected cancers were more likely treated with lumpectomy vs. mastectomy (73% vs. 41%; P < .001) and less likely to require chemotherapy (24% vs. 52%; P < .001). Overall survival for patients with invasive breast cancer was higher for screen-detected cancers (89% vs. 74%, P < .0001)., Conclusion: MOD can be routinely collected and linked to breast cancer outcomes through tumor registries, with demonstration of significant differences in outcome and characteristics of breast cancers based on MOD. Routine inclusion of MOD in US tumor registries would help quantify the impact of opportunistic screening mammography in the US., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2024
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45. Serum levels of endocannabinoids and related lipids in painful vs painless diabetic neuropathy: results from the Pain in Neuropathy Study.
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Bäckryd E, Themistocleous A, Stensson N, Rice ASC, Tesfaye S, Bennett DL, Gerdle B, and Ghafouri B
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- Humans, Chromatography, Liquid, Cross-Sectional Studies, Endocannabinoids, Pain, Polyunsaturated Alkamides, Receptors, Cannabinoid, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Neuropathies
- Abstract
Abstract: N-arachidonoylethanolamine (also known as anandamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol are activators of the cannabinoid receptors. The endocannabinoid system also includes structurally and functionally related lipid mediators that do not target cannabinoid receptors, such as oleoylethanolamide, palmitoylethanolamide, and stearoylethanolamide. These bioactive lipids are involved in various physiological processes, including regulation of pain. The primary aim of the study was to analyze associations between serum levels of these lipids and pain in participants in the Pain in Neuropathy Study, an observational, cross-sectional, multicentre, research project in which diabetic patients with painless or painful neuropathy underwent deep phenotyping. Our hypothesis was that painful neuropathy would be associated with higher levels of the 5 lipids compared with painless neuropathy. Secondary aims were to analyze other patient-reported outcome measures and clinical data in relationship to lipid levels. The lipid mediators were analyzed in serum samples using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Serum levels of anandamide were significantly higher in the painful group, but the effect size was small (Cohen d = 0.31). Using cluster analysis of lipid data, patients were dichotomized into a "high-level" endocannabinoid group and a "low-level" group. In the high-level group, 61% of patients had painful neuropathy, compared with 45% in the low-level group ( P = 0.039). This work is of a correlative nature only, and the relevance of these findings to the search for analgesics targeting the endocannabinoid system needs to be determined in future studies., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the International Association for the Study of Pain.)
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- 2024
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46. Pectoral muscle removal in mammogram images: A novel approach for improved accuracy and efficiency.
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Chen S, Bennett DL, Colditz GA, and Jiang S
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- Female, Humans, Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted methods, Mammography methods, Breast diagnostic imaging, Algorithms, Pectoralis Muscles diagnostic imaging, Breast Neoplasms diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Purpose: Accurate pectoral muscle removal is critical in mammographic breast density estimation and many other computer-aided algorithms. We propose a novel approach to remove pectoral muscles form mediolateral oblique (MLO) view mammograms and compare accuracy and computational efficiency with existing method (Libra)., Methods: A pectoral muscle identification pipeline was developed. The image is first binarized to enhance contrast and then the Canny algorithm was applied for edge detection. Robust interpolation is used to smooth out the pectoral muscle region. Accuracy and computational speed of pectoral muscle identification was assessed using 951 women (1,902 MLO mammograms) from the Joanne Knight Breast Health Cohort at Washington University School of Medicine., Results: Our proposed algorithm exhibits lower mean error of 12.22% in comparison to Libra's estimated error of 20.44%. This 40% gain in accuracy was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The computational time for the proposed algorithm is 5.4 times faster when compared to Libra (5.1 s for proposed vs. 27.7 s for Libra per mammogram)., Conclusion: We present a novel approach for pectoral muscle removal in mammogram images that demonstrates significant improvement in accuracy and efficiency compared to existing method. Our findings have important implications for the development of computer-aided systems and other automated tools in this field., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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47. Utilising clinical parameters to improve the selection of nerve biopsy candidates.
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Kopanidis P, Baskozos G, Byrne E, Hofer M, Themistocleous AC, Rinaldi S, and Bennett DL
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, Biopsy methods, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases diagnosis, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases complications, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases pathology, Vasculitis pathology
- Abstract
Background: Peripheral nerve biopsy is a valuable final diagnostic tool; however, histopathological results can be non-diagnostic., Aims: We aim to identify quality improvement measures by evaluating the pre-biopsy assessment and diagnostic yield of specific histopathological diagnosis., Methods: This was a retrospective study based on 10 years of experience with peripheral nerve biopsies at a single centre. Clinical data were obtained regarding pre-biopsy history, examination, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) investigations, neurophysiology and peripheral nerve imaging. Based upon a histopathological outcome, patients were grouped into vasculitis, granulomatous and infiltrative (diagnostic) group, or a comparison group of non-specific axonal neuropathy and normal (non-specific/normal) group., Results: From a cohort of 64 patients, 21 (32.8%) were included in the diagnostic group and 30 (46.9%) in the non-specific/normal group. Clinical parameters associated with the diagnostic group were shorter history (mean 10.2 months vs 38.1), stepwise progression (81% vs 20%), neuropathic pain (85.7% vs 56.7%), vasculitic rash (23.8% vs 0%), mononeuritis multiplex (57.1% vs 10%), asymmetry (90.5% vs 60%), raised white cell count (47.6% vs 16.7%), myeloperoxidase antibody (19.1% vs 0%) and abnormal peripheral nerve imaging (33.3% vs 10%)., Conclusion: Selection of patients undergoing nerve biopsy requires careful consideration of clinical parameters, including peripheral nerve imaging. Several quality improvement measures are proposed to improve yield of clinically actionable information from nerve biopsy., (© 2023 Royal Australasian College of Physicians.)
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- 2023
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48. GluCl.Cre ON enables selective inhibition of molecularly defined pain circuits.
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Middleton SJ, Hu H, Perez-Sanchez J, Zuberi S, McGrath Williams J, Weir GA, and Bennett DL
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- Mice, Animals, Nociceptors, Neurons, Pain, Integrases genetics, Integrases metabolism, Integrases pharmacology
- Abstract
Abstract: Insight into nociceptive circuits will ultimately build our understanding of pain processing and aid the development of analgesic strategies. Neural circuit analysis has been advanced greatly by the development of optogenetic and chemogenetic tools, which have allowed function to be ascribed to discrete neuronal populations. Neurons of the dorsal root ganglion, which include nociceptors, have proved challenging targets for chemogenetic manipulation given specific confounds with commonly used DREADD technology. We have developed a cre/lox dependant version of the engineered glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl) to restrict and direct its expression to molecularly defined neuronal populations. We have generated GluCl.Cre ON that selectively renders neurons expressing cre-recombinase susceptible to agonist-induced silencing. We have functionally validated our tool in multiple systems in vitro, and subsequently generated viral vectors and tested its applicability in vivo. Using Nav1.8 Cre mice to restrict AAV-GluCl.Cre ON to nociceptors, we demonstrate effective silencing of electrical activity in vivo and concomitant hyposensitivity to noxious thermal and noxious mechanical pain, whereas light touch and motor function remained intact. We also demonstrated that our strategy can effectively silence inflammatory-like pain in a chemical pain model. Collectively, we have generated a novel tool that can be used to selectively silence defined neuronal circuits in vitro and in vivo. We believe that this addition to the chemogenetic tool box will facilitate further understanding of pain circuits and guide future therapeutic development., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the International Association for the Study of Pain.)
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- 2023
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49. Genetic landscape of congenital insensitivity to pain and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies.
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Lischka A, Eggermann K, Record CJ, Dohrn MF, Laššuthová P, Kraft F, Begemann M, Dey D, Eggermann T, Beijer D, Šoukalová J, Laura M, Rossor AM, Mazanec R, Van Lent J, Tomaselli PJ, Ungelenk M, Debus KY, Feely SME, Gläser D, Jagadeesh S, Martin M, Govindaraj GM, Singhi P, Baineni R, Biswal N, Ibarra-Ramírez M, Bonduelle M, Gess B, Romero Sánchez J, Suthar R, Udani V, Nalini A, Unnikrishnan G, Marques W Junior, Mercier S, Procaccio V, Bris C, Suresh B, Reddy V, Skorupinska M, Bonello-Palot N, Mochel F, Dahl G, Sasidharan K, Devassikutty FM, Nampoothiri S, Rodovalho Doriqui MJ, Müller-Felber W, Vill K, Haack TB, Dufke A, Abele M, Stucka R, Siddiqi S, Ullah N, Spranger S, Chiabrando D, Bolgül BS, Parman Y, Seeman P, Lampert A, Schulz JB, Wood JN, Cox JJ, Auer-Grumbach M, Timmerman V, de Winter J, Themistocleous AC, Shy M, Bennett DL, Baets J, Hübner CA, Leipold E, Züchner S, Elbracht M, Çakar A, Senderek J, Hornemann T, Woods CG, Reilly MM, and Kurth I
- Subjects
- Humans, Mutation genetics, Pain Insensitivity, Congenital genetics, Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies genetics
- Abstract
Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSAN) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders exclusively or predominantly affecting the sensory and autonomic neurons. Due to the rarity of the diseases and findings based mainly on single case reports or small case series, knowledge about these disorders is limited. Here, we describe the molecular workup of a large international cohort of CIP/HSAN patients including patients from normally under-represented countries. We identify 80 previously unreported pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in a total of 73 families in the >20 known CIP/HSAN-associated genes. The data expand the spectrum of disease-relevant alterations in CIP/HSAN, including novel variants in previously rarely recognized entities such as ATL3-, FLVCR1- and NGF-associated neuropathies and previously under-recognized mutation types such as larger deletions. In silico predictions, heterologous expression studies, segregation analyses and metabolic tests helped to overcome limitations of current variant classification schemes that often fail to categorize a variant as disease-related or benign. The study sheds light on the genetic causes and disease-relevant changes within individual genes in CIP/HSAN. This is becoming increasingly important with emerging clinical trials investigating subtype or gene-specific treatment strategies., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.)
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- 2023
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50. Structural and non-coding variants increase the diagnostic yield of clinical whole genome sequencing for rare diseases.
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Pagnamenta AT, Camps C, Giacopuzzi E, Taylor JM, Hashim M, Calpena E, Kaisaki PJ, Hashimoto A, Yu J, Sanders E, Schwessinger R, Hughes JR, Lunter G, Dreau H, Ferla M, Lange L, Kesim Y, Ragoussis V, Vavoulis DV, Allroggen H, Ansorge O, Babbs C, Banka S, Baños-Piñero B, Beeson D, Ben-Ami T, Bennett DL, Bento C, Blair E, Brasch-Andersen C, Bull KR, Cario H, Cilliers D, Conti V, Davies EG, Dhalla F, Dacal BD, Dong Y, Dunford JE, Guerrini R, Harris AL, Hartley J, Hollander G, Javaid K, Kane M, Kelly D, Kelly D, Knight SJL, Kreins AY, Kvikstad EM, Langman CB, Lester T, Lines KE, Lord SR, Lu X, Mansour S, Manzur A, Maroofian R, Marsden B, Mason J, McGowan SJ, Mei D, Mlcochova H, Murakami Y, Németh AH, Okoli S, Ormondroyd E, Ousager LB, Palace J, Patel SY, Pentony MM, Pugh C, Rad A, Ramesh A, Riva SG, Roberts I, Roy N, Salminen O, Schilling KD, Scott C, Sen A, Smith C, Stevenson M, Thakker RV, Twigg SRF, Uhlig HH, van Wijk R, Vona B, Wall S, Wang J, Watkins H, Zak J, Schuh AH, Kini U, Wilkie AOM, Popitsch N, and Taylor JC
- Subjects
- Humans, Whole Genome Sequencing, Genetic Testing, Mutation, Cell Cycle Proteins, Genetic Variation, Rare Diseases diagnosis, Rare Diseases genetics
- Abstract
Background: Whole genome sequencing is increasingly being used for the diagnosis of patients with rare diseases. However, the diagnostic yields of many studies, particularly those conducted in a healthcare setting, are often disappointingly low, at 25-30%. This is in part because although entire genomes are sequenced, analysis is often confined to in silico gene panels or coding regions of the genome., Methods: We undertook WGS on a cohort of 122 unrelated rare disease patients and their relatives (300 genomes) who had been pre-screened by gene panels or arrays. Patients were recruited from a broad spectrum of clinical specialties. We applied a bioinformatics pipeline that would allow comprehensive analysis of all variant types. We combined established bioinformatics tools for phenotypic and genomic analysis with our novel algorithms (SVRare, ALTSPLICE and GREEN-DB) to detect and annotate structural, splice site and non-coding variants., Results: Our diagnostic yield was 43/122 cases (35%), although 47/122 cases (39%) were considered solved when considering novel candidate genes with supporting functional data into account. Structural, splice site and deep intronic variants contributed to 20/47 (43%) of our solved cases. Five genes that are novel, or were novel at the time of discovery, were identified, whilst a further three genes are putative novel disease genes with evidence of causality. We identified variants of uncertain significance in a further fourteen candidate genes. The phenotypic spectrum associated with RMND1 was expanded to include polymicrogyria. Two patients with secondary findings in FBN1 and KCNQ1 were confirmed to have previously unidentified Marfan and long QT syndromes, respectively, and were referred for further clinical interventions. Clinical diagnoses were changed in six patients and treatment adjustments made for eight individuals, which for five patients was considered life-saving., Conclusions: Genome sequencing is increasingly being considered as a first-line genetic test in routine clinical settings and can make a substantial contribution to rapidly identifying a causal aetiology for many patients, shortening their diagnostic odyssey. We have demonstrated that structural, splice site and intronic variants make a significant contribution to diagnostic yield and that comprehensive analysis of the entire genome is essential to maximise the value of clinical genome sequencing., (© 2023. Crown.)
- Published
- 2023
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