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2. MCU overexpression evokes disparate dose-dependent effects on mito-ROS and spontaneous Ca2+ release in hypertrophic rat cardiomyocytes

Author

Benjamin Martin, Matthew W. Gorr, Richard T. Clements, Fruzsina Perger, Sandor Gyorke, Benjamin Hernandez Orengo, Dmitry Terentyev, Andriy E. Belevych, Radmila Terentyeva, and Shanna Hamilton

Subjects
Physiology, Chemistry, Ryanodine receptor, Physiology (medical), Dose dependence, Mitochondrial calcium uniporter, Mitochondrial calcium uptake, Ca2 release, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Homeostasis, Intracellular, Function (biology), Cell biology
Abstract

Defective intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and aberrant mitochondrial function are common features in cardiac disease. Here, we directly compared potential benefits of mito-ROS scavenging and restoration of mito-Ca2+ uptake by overexpressing MCU in ventricular myocytes from hypertrophic rat hearts. Experiments using novel mito-ROS and Ca2+ biosensors demonstrated that mito-ROS scavenging rescued both cytosolic and mito-Ca2+ homeostasis, whereas moderate and high MCU overexpression demonstrated disparate effects on mito-ROS emission, with only a moderate increase in MCU being beneficial.

Published
2021
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5. The state of the field: from inception to commercialization of metal–organic frameworks

Author

Stefan Marx, Wolfgang Hierse, Karam B. Idrees, Riki J. Drout, Lee Robison, Megan C. Wasson, Florencia A. Son, Benjamin Hernandez, Clemens Kühn, Zhijie Chen, Omar K. Farha, Julia G. Knapp, and Xuan Zhang

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, Nanotechnology, Metal-organic framework, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business, Commercialization, Field (computer science), Variety (cybernetics)
Abstract

As chemists and materials scientists, it is our duty to synthesize and utilize materials for a multitude of applications that promote the development of society and the well-being of its citizens. Since the inception of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), researchers have proposed a variety of design strategies to rationally synthesize new MOF materials, studied their porosity and gas sorption performances, and integrated MOFs onto supports and into devices. Efforts have explored the relevance of MOFs for applications including, but not limited to, heterogeneous catalysis, guest delivery, water capture, destruction of nerve agents, gas storage, and separation. Recently, several start-up companies have undertaken MOF commercialization within industrial sectors. Herein, we provide a brief overview of the state of the MOF field from their design and synthesis to their potential applications, and finally, to their commercialization.

Published
2021
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6. Agroecological production experiences in four agricultural regions of Mexico

Author

BENJAMIN HERNANDEZ, Rita Schwentesius-Rinderman, and Tomás Rivas-García

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

Objective: To analyze experiences with various activities and practices carried out in different agroecologicalregions of Mexico, involving diverse crops, but excluding the use of chemicals.Design/Methodology/Approach: Surveys were conducted in four agricultural regions of Mexico (Texcoco,Estado de México; Vicente Guerrero, Tlaxcala; Michoacan; and Tetela del Volcán, Morelos); they tackled abroad description, background, inputs, and agroecological practices, in order to enable a descriptive analysis.Results: Out of all the agroecological units, 60% are ejidos and 40% are small private properties. Producersare between 25 and 68 years old. Plots range from 0.50 to 20 ha. The main crops are corn (Zea mays ssp. mays)and avocado (Persea americana Mill.). Forty-five percent of the crops are rainfed and 36% are irrigated/rainfed.Half of the producers perform crop rotation, while 40% prefers crop association. After 15 years of experience,the number of producers who did not use chemical herbicides increased from 59% to 95%. Crop nutrition isbased on such elements as compost (27%) and manure (23%). Fifty percent of the producers manage pests anddiseases through agroecological practices. Sixty-eight-point-two percent receive technical advice, while 77.3%are familiar with the decree to phase out the use of glyphosate.Study Limitations/Implications: Currently, 13.6% of producers are still transitioning and continue toperform chemical control of pests and diseases, as well as chemical fertilization.Findings/Conclusions: It is indeed possible to produce crops and obtain healthy food while caring forbiodiversity, making use of environmental-friendly local resources, and achieving soil conservation.

Published
2022
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8. 2021 Operational Assessment - OLCF

Author

Subil Abraham, Paul Abston, Ryan Adamson, Valentine Anantharaj, Aaron Barlow, Ashley Barker, Tom Beck, Katie Bethea, Adam Carlyle, Dan Dietz, Christopher Fuson, Jason Hill, Ryan Landfield, Don Maxwell, Rachel McDowell, Bronson Miller, Sheila Moore, Sarp Oral, Thomas Papatheodore, Suzanne Parete-Koon, Ryan Prout, Sherry Ray, William Renaud, Jim Rogers II, Mallikarjun (Arjun) Shankar, Woong Shin, Scott Simmerman, Betsy Sonewald, Kevin Thach, Aristeidis (aris) Tsaris, Georgia Tourassi, Justin Whitt, Junqi Yin, Benjamin Hernandez Arreguin, and Veronica Melesse Vergara

Published
2022
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9. TAOS II: THE ROBOTIC OPERATIONS

Author

Wei-Ling Yen, C. Alcock, E. Sánchez, F. Quiroz, You-Hua Chu, J. S. Silva, Kem H Cook, Timothy Norton, C.-K. Huang, John C. Geary, J. C. Narvaez, Carlos Guerrero, Z. W. Zhang, M. Reyes-Ruiz, Benjamin Hernandez, Andrew Szentgyorgyi, Liliana Figueroa, Matthew Lehner, J. B. Hernández-Águila, Wen Ping Chen, J. H. Castro-Chacón, and Shiang-Yu Wang

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

In this work, we present the general procedure for the robotic observations of the Transneptunian Automated Occultation Survey (TAOS II). The project aims to detect small TNOs (Transneptunian Objects) by serendipitous stellar occultations. To do so TAOS II will operate three 1.3 m telescopes equipped with CMOS cameras which are able to read about 10,000 stars in multiple subapertures at a 20 Hz cadence. At such rates, it will be possible to identify diffraction features in the lightcurves, helping us to estimate a distance and object size to each occultation event. TAOS II is installed in the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional in San Pedro Mártir, Ensenada, México (OAN-SPM). The site has good observing conditions, typically with around 260 useful nights per year. Here, we describe the different process to be performed in a typical observing night: system start up and shut down, monitoring observing conditions, acquisition of calibration images, field selection, pointing, camera synchronization, determination of aperture sizes and positions, and high speed image acquisition.

Published
2021
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13. PROLIFERATION OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE EXPOSED TO PULSED MAGNETIC FIELDS OF LOW INTENSITY

Author

Laura Patricia Álvarez De la Paz, Julio C. Villagómez-Castro, Modesto Antonio Sosa-Aquino, Benjamin Hernandez-Reyes, Veronica Alejandra Mondragon-Jaimes, and Erandeni Xuxumarat Rodríguez-Pérez

Subjects
Materials science, biology, Field (physics), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Bioengineering, biology.organism_classification, Intensity (heat transfer), Yeast, Magnetic field
Abstract

Yeast cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were exposed to pulsed magnetic fields of low intensity. Field intensities from 0.92 mT to 2.73[Formula: see text]mT and frequencies of 20, 77.5, 135, 192.5 and 250[Formula: see text]Hz were employed. Proliferation and cell viability measurements were made in exposed and control cultures. For the frequency of 20[Formula: see text]Hz, statistically significant differences were found ([Formula: see text]) in cell proliferation using field intensities of 1.81 and 2.71[Formula: see text]mT. No changes were observed at this frequency for lower field strengths. At 77.5[Formula: see text]Hz, only changes in proliferation were observed for 0.92[Formula: see text]mT ([Formula: see text]). No changes were observed to any other frequency or intensity of the magnetic field. The cell viability studies were performed at different times, from 4 to 12[Formula: see text]h of exposure. At 1.81[Formula: see text]mT and 20[Formula: see text]Hz, an increase in colony-forming units (CFUs) of 26.1% was observed ([Formula: see text]) at 4[Formula: see text]h, and after 10[Formula: see text]h of exposure the increase in CFUs was 51.5% ([Formula: see text]). But when exposing the cells for 9[Formula: see text]h to a magnetic field of 2.71[Formula: see text]mT at 20[Formula: see text]Hz, the CFUs decreased by 25.9% ([Formula: see text]), and at 0.92[Formula: see text]mT and 77.5[Formula: see text]Hz, a decrease in CFUs of 18.6% was observed ([Formula: see text]) at 4[Formula: see text]h, while after 12 h of exposure an increase in CFU of 23.5% ([Formula: see text]) was determined. These results suggest the presence of a frequency window between 20[Formula: see text]Hz and 77.5[Formula: see text]Hz, where the effects of the magnetic field are significant.

Published
2021
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14. Distributed synthesis of sarcolemmal and sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins in cardiac myocytes

Author

Rengasayee Veeraraghavan, Nicolae Moise, Vladimir Bogdanov, Paul M.L. Janssen, Sandor Gyorke, Seth H. Weinberg, Benjamin Hernandez Orengo, G. A. Sakuta, Jonathan P. Davis, and Andrew M. Soltisz

Subjects
Messenger RNA, Translation, Physiology, Chemistry, Myocardium, Cardiac myocyte, Translation (biology), Heart, Original Contribution, Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane, Cell biology, Mice, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, Membrane protein, Physiology (medical), Local protein synthesis, Membrane proteins, Protein biosynthesis, Myocyte, Animals, Myocytes, Cardiac, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Secretory pathway, Cells, Cultured
Abstract

It is widely assumed that synthesis of membrane proteins, particularly in the heart, follows the classical secretory pathway with mRNA translation occurring in perinuclear regions followed by protein trafficking to sites of deployment. However, this view is based on studies conducted in less-specialized cells, and has not been experimentally addressed in cardiac myocytes. Therefore, we undertook direct experimental investigation of protein synthesis in cardiac tissue and isolated myocytes using single-molecule visualization techniques and a novel proximity-ligated in situ hybridization approach for visualizing ribosome-associated mRNA molecules for a specific protein species, indicative of translation sites. We identify here, for the first time, that the molecular machinery for membrane protein synthesis occurs throughout the cardiac myocyte, and enables distributed synthesis of membrane proteins within sub-cellular niches where the synthesized protein functions using local mRNA pools trafficked, in part, by microtubules. We also observed cell-wide distribution of membrane protein mRNA in myocardial tissue from both non-failing and hypertrophied (failing) human hearts, demonstrating an evolutionarily conserved distributed mechanism from mouse to human. Our results identify previously unanticipated aspects of local control of cardiac myocyte biology and highlight local protein synthesis in cardiac myocytes as an important potential determinant of the heart’s biology in health and disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00395-021-00895-3.

Published
2021

17. Monitoreo de áreas de cultivo de maíz en la zona noroeste del Estado de México a través de sensores remotos

Author

Jocelyn Alejandra Cortez-Núñez, Francisco Zepeda Mondragón, Miguel Eduardo García Reyna, Benjamín Hernández-León, and Abraham Aguirre-Mendizabal

Subjects
agricultura de precisión, índices de vegetación, Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1, vehículo aéreo no tripulado, Maps, G3180-9980, Cartography, GA101-1776
Abstract

Debido al continuo crecimiento de la población mundial y como consecuencia el aumento de la demanda de alimentos se requiere que el sector agrícola sea eficiente y sostenible, es decir, que garantice la seguridad alimentaria, que promueva el desarrollo local y que disminuya la contaminación ambiental. Por otro lado, en la actualidad estamos viviendo una crisis climática global que ocasiona alteraciones en los ciclos hidrológicos y aumento de la temperatura, lo que está ocasionando pérdidas económicas en el sector agrícola. Por tal motivo, es necesario incorporar tecnologías modernas de la Agricultura de Precisión (AP) en las prácticas agrícolas tradicionales para mejorar el rendimiento y las ganancias de los agricultores, al mismo tiempo alcanzar beneficios ambientales. En este contexto, el presente estudio dio seguimiento al desarrollo fenológico y la salud del cultivo de maíz en parcelas del municipio de Atlacomulco, Estado de México, México a través de imágenes multiespectrales del satélite Sentinel-2 y un vehículo aéreo no tripulado (VANT). Se llevó a cabo un análisis espaciotemporal de índices de vegetación (IVs) con la finalidad de determinar su sensibilidad a los cambios del verdor del cultivo, en un entorno de condiciones reales. Además, las características agrícolas proporcionadas por los agricultores que manejan las parcelas se emplearon para confirmar los hallazgos. De igual forma, se detectó falta de homogeneidad en las parcelas evaluadas indicando una deficiencia de nutrientes o de agua en algunas de éstas. También, se analizaron las retrodispersiones polarizadas VH y VV del satélite Sentinel-1, demostrándose un potencial de la polarización VH ante la falta de datos de sensores ópticos debido a la nubosidad.

Published
2024

18. Efficacy of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of fecal incontinence in children and adolescents: a randomized clinical trial

Author

Ghazal Zahed, Somaye Fatahi, Leila Tabatabaee, Negar Imanzadeh, Shaikh Sanjid Seraj, Benjamin Hernández Wolters, and Amirhossein Hosseini

Subjects
Retentive fecal incontinence, Risperidone, Pediatric, Encopresis, Atypical antipsychotics, Fecal soiling, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Abstract Objectives Functional retentive overflow incontinence (retentive FI) is the most common cause of fecal soiling in children. Based on the clinical experiences, the treatment of retentive FI in patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders was accelerated when Risperidone was used as treatment for their psychiatric comorbidities; therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of risperidone in the treatment of retentive FI in children and adolescents. Methods In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 140 patients aged 4–16 years eligible for the study were randomized into two groups, receiving either 0.25–0.5 mg of Risperidone syrup (n = 70) or maltodextrin syrup (placebo group, n = 70) every 12 h daily for 12 weeks. Sociodemographic data, including age, sex, weight, height, BMI, BMI z-score, and socioeconomic status, was recorded, and the number of nocturnal FI, diurnal FI, and painful defecations was measured. Results 136 participants (69 on Risperidone and 67 on placebo) were included in the study. Mean age of participants in the intervention and placebo groups were 7.2 ± 2.4 years and 8.0 ± 3.1 years, respectively. The mean number of nocturnal FI (Ptrend=0.39) and diurnal FI (Ptrend=0.48) in patients without psychiatric comorbidities, and the number of painful defecations for participants with and without psychiatric comorbidities (P = 0.49, P = 0.47, respectively) were not significantly different between the groups, but a significant effect was observed in diurnal FI after Risperidone treatment in patients with psychiatric comorbidities (P

Published
2024
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21. The effect of tamoxifen on estradiol, SHBG, IGF-1, and CRP in women with breast cancer or at risk of developing breast cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Author

XingDa Li, XueJiao Hou, Benjamin Hernández-Wolters, Kousalya Prabahar, Hamed Kord-Varkaneh, and Bo Mei

Subjects
Breast cancer, Tamoxifen, Estradiol, CRP, IGFBP-3, IGF-1, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Background and aim: The effects of tamoxifen on the serum levels of hormones and acute phase reactants have been studied previously, but study results have been inconsistent, especially in women with breast cancer. Hence, we conducted this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to try to clarify the effects of tamoxifen on estradiol, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels in women with breast cancer or at risk of developing breast cancer. Methods: Databases were systematically searched up to December 2023. The meta-analysis was generated through a random-effects model and is presented as the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Results: Nine publications were included in the present meta-analysis. The comprehensive findings from the random-effects model revealed an elevation in estradiol (WMD: 13.04 pg/mL, 95 % CI: 0.79, 25.30, p = 0.037) and SHBG levels (WMD: 21.26 nmol/l, 95 % CI: 14.85, 27.68, p = 0.000), as well as a reduction in IGF-1 (WMD: −14.41 μg/L, 95 % CI: −24.23, −4.60, p = 0.004) and CRP concentrations (WMD: −1.17 mg/dL, 95 % CI: −2.29, −0.05, p = 0.039) following treatment with tamoxifen in women with breast cancer or at risk of developing breast cancer, with no impact on IGFBP-3 levels (WMD: 0.11 μg/mL, 95 % CI: −0.07, 0.30, p = 0.240). Conclusion: Tamoxifen administration seems to increase estradiol and SHBG levels and reduce CRP and IGF-1 levels in women with breast cancer or at risk of developing breast cancer. Further studies are needed to determine whether these changes have any clinical relevance.

Published
2024
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22. Dung removal increases under higher dung beetle functional diversity regardless of grazing intensification

Author

Jorge Ari Noriega, Joaquín Hortal, Indradatta deCastro-Arrazola, Fernanda Alves-Martins, Jean C. G. Ortega, Luis Mauricio Bini, Nigel R. Andrew, Lucrecia Arellano, Sarah Beynon, Adrian L. V. Davis, Mario E. Favila, Kevin D. Floate, Finbarr G. Horgan, Rosa Menéndez, Tanja Milotic, Beatrice Nervo, Claudia Palestrini, Antonio Rolando, Clarke H. Scholtz, Yakup Senyüz, Thomas Wassmer, Réka Ádam, Cristina de O. Araújo, José Luis Barragan-Ramírez, Gergely Boros, Edgar Camero-Rubio, Melvin Cruz, Eva Cuesta, Miryam Pieri Damborsky, Christian M. Deschodt, Priyadarsanan Dharma Rajan, Bram D’hondt, Alfonso Díaz Rojas, Kemal Dindar, Federico Escobar, Verónica R. Espinoza, José Rafael Ferrer-Paris, Pablo Enrique Gutiérrez Rojas, Zac Hemmings, Benjamín Hernández, Sarah J. Hill, Maurice Hoffmann, Pierre Jay-Robert, Kyle Lewis, Megan Lewis, Cecilia Lozano, Diego Marín-Armijos, Patrícia Menegaz de Farias, Betselene Murcia-Ordoñez, Seena Narayanan Karimbumkara, José Luis Navarrete-Heredia, Candelaria Ortega-Echeverría, José D. Pablo-Cea, William Perrin, Marcelo Bruno Pessoa, Anu Radhakrishnan, Iraj Rahimi, Amalia Teresa Raimundo, Diana Catalina Ramos, Ramón E. Rebolledo, Angela Roggero, Ada Sánchez-Mercado, László Somay, Jutta Stadler, Pejman Tahmasebi, José Darwin Triana Céspedes, and Ana M. C. Santos

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Dung removal by macrofauna such as dung beetles is an important process for nutrient cycling in pasturelands. Intensification of farming practices generally reduces species and functional diversity of terrestrial invertebrates, which may negatively affect ecosystem services. Here, we investigate the effects of cattle-grazing intensification on dung removal by dung beetles in field experiments replicated in 38 pastures around the world. Within each study site, we measured dung removal in pastures managed with low- and high-intensity regimes to assess between-regime differences in dung beetle diversity and dung removal, whilst also considering climate and regional variations. The impacts of intensification were heterogeneous, either diminishing or increasing dung beetle species richness, functional diversity, and dung removal rates. The effects of beetle diversity on dung removal were more variable across sites than within sites. Dung removal increased with species richness across sites, while functional diversity consistently enhanced dung removal within sites, independently of cattle grazing intensity or climate. Our findings indicate that, despite intensified cattle stocking rates, ecosystem services related to decomposition and nutrient cycling can be maintained when a functionally diverse dung beetle community inhabits the human-modified landscape.

Published
2023
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23. The Trans-Neptunian Automated Occultation Survey (TAOS II)

Author

Jennifer L. Karr, Timothy Norton, J. H. Castro-Chacón, Shiang-Yu Wang, Kem H Cook, You-Hua Chu, Wen Ping Chen, M. Reyes-Ruiz, Matthew J. Lehner, Liliana Figueroa, Andrew Szentgyorgyi, Jj Kavelaars, Z. W. Zhang, Benjamin Hernandez, John C. Geary, Wei-Ling Yen, Charles Alcock, Chung-Kai Huang, and F. Alvarez Santana

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Occultation, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

TAOS II is a next-generation occultation survey with the goal of measuring the size distribution of the small end of the Kuiper Belt (objects with diameters 0.5–30 km). Such objects have magnitudes r > 30, and are thus undetectable by direct imaging. The project will operate three telescopes at San Pedro Mártir Observatory in Baja California, México. Each telescope will be equipped with a custom-built camera comprised of a focal-plane array of CMOS imagers. The cameras will be capable of reading out image data from 10,000 stars at a cadence of 20 Hz. The telescopes will monitor the same set of stars simultaneously to search for coincident occultation detections, thus minimising the false-positive rate. This talk described the project, and reported on the progress of the development of the survey infrastructure.

Published
2017
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25. The Proliferation of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Exposed to Pulsed Magnetic Fields of Low Intensity Suggests the Presence of a Frequency Window between 20 Hz and 77.5 Hz

Author

Benjamin Hernandez-Reyes, Erandeni Xuxumarat Rodrigucz-Perez, Veronica Alejandra Mondragon-Jaimes, and Modesto Antonio Sosa-Aquino

Subjects
Colony-forming unit, Nuclear magnetic resonance, biology, Chemistry, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Viability assay, Lower field, biology.organism_classification, Intensity (physics), Magnetic field
Abstract

Cultures of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were exposed to pulsed magnetic fields of low intensity. Field intensities from 0.92 mT to 2.73 mT and frequencies of 20, 77.5, 135, 192.5 and 250 Hz were employed. Proliferation and cell viability measurements were made in exposed cultures and the results were compared with control cultures. For the frequency of 20 Hz, statistically significant differences were found (p < 0.001) in cell proliferation using field intensities of 1.81 and 2.71 mT. No changes were observed at this frequency for lower field strengths. At 77.5 Hz, only changes in proliferation were observed for 0.92 mT. No changes were observed to any other frequency or intensity of the magnetic field. The cell viability studies were performed at different times, from 4 to 12 hours of exposure. At 1.81 mT and 20 Hz, an increase in colony forming units (CFU) of 26.1% was observed (p < 0.001) at 4 hours, and after 10 hours of exposure the increase in CFU was 51.5% (p < 0.024). But when exposing the cells for 9 hours to a magnetic field of 2.71 mT at 20 Hz the CFUs decreased by 25.9% (p < 0.003). These results suggest the presence of a frequency window between 20 Hz and 77.5 Hz where the effects of the field are important.

Published
2019
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26. The effect of cocoa consumption on the anthropometric outcomes in overweight and obese subjects: A time and dose–response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Author

Ahmed Abu-Zaid, Kousalya Prabahar, Benjamin Hernández-Wolters, Parmida Jamilian, Reem Abdullah Alyoubi, Naseem Alyahyawi, Ahlam Mazi, Alhassna Ali Mohamed Alkahmous, and Hamed Kord-Varkaneh

Subjects
Cocoa, Dark chocolate, Weight, Body mass index, WC, Obesity, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

Inconsistencies are evident within the literature regarding the effect of cocoa consumption on anthropometric outcomes. To address the influence of cocoa consumption on weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) in overweight and obese subjects we conducted a time and dose–response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed/Medline were searched for relevant articles from inception until July 11, 2023. The random effects method meta-analysis compared changes in anthropometric outcomes in participants Results are displayed as weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95 % confidence interval (CI). 19 RCTs were included in the present meta-analysis. Cocoa consumption significantly decreased body weight (WMD: −0.26 kg, 95 % CI: −0.49 to −0.02, P = 0.028), BMI (WMD: −0.16 kg/m2, 95 % CI: −0.30 to −0.02, P = 0.021), and WC (WMD: −0.69 cm, 95 % CI: −1.35 to −0.03, p = 0.038). In subgroup analyses, cocoa consumption resulted in lowered body weight in dosages ≤20 g/day (WMD: −0.33 kg), and treatment duration ˃4 weeks (WMD: −0.35 kg). In the non-linear dose–response assessment, a negative correlation was found between cocoa consumption dose (up to 50 g/day) and changes in WC (P = 0.001) and body weight (P = 0.0007). Cocoa consumption is associated with a reduction in BMI, weight, and WC in overweight and obese subjects; however, statistically significant effects were only detected in doses less than 20 g/day and interventions longer than 4 weeks.

Published
2024
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27. Colaboradores

Author

Molina, Ana Abril, Valencia, Daniel Acevedo, Díaz, Fernando Acosta, Rotaeche, Alexander Agrifoglio, Alonso, Eduardo Aguilar, García, María del Carmen Aguilar, Arboledas, Francisco Javier Alados, Tomillero, Francisco Álamo, Romero, Pedro Alcázar, Pallás, María Teresa Aldabó, Marín, Amelia Alonso, Muñoz, Gema Alonso, Salas, María Teresa Alonso, Bueno, Miguel Álvarez, Sáiz, Alejandra Álvarez, Serna, Tania Amat, Villar, Rosario Amaya, González, César Aragón, Sánchez, José Andrés Arboleda, Garrido, José Julián Arias, Verdú, María Dolores Arias, Sánchez, Álvaro Arjona, Marín, María José Arroyo, Gallardo, Marc Ayala, Bravo, Esther Banderas, Pichardo, Rafael Barba, Ansorregui, Sandra Barbadillo, Mendoza, Jesús Abelardo Barea, Chacón, Juana María Barrera, Barrueco-Francioni, Jesús Emilio, Rodríguez, María Dolores Bautista, Alba, Rafael Bellido, Lozano, José Antonio Benítez, Moreno, María Palma Benítez, Gómez, Alberto Bermejo, Sáez, Isidro Blanco, Saera, María Bodí, Austria, Rafael Ángel Bohollo de, Saris, Alfonso Bonet, Marqués, Rafael Bravo, Cabeza, Francisca, Calandreia, Ana Cabrera, Fuciños, Lucía Cachafeiro, Rodríguez, Ana Calderón, Bonachera, María Dolores Calvo, León, Cristina Calvo, Macías, Custodio Calvo, Pulido, Jorge Calvo, Alonso, José Miguel Camacho, Sola, Estefanía Cámara, Redondo, Nuria Camino, Guerrero, Jesús Carbajal, Cruz, Antonio Cárdenas, Cruz, Dolores Purificación Cárdenas, Pérez, María Luz Carmona, Pinel, Antonio Carranza, Carmona, Francisco José Carrizosa, Hernández, Alejandra Carvajal, Adam, Ángela Casado, Laparra, Eloina Casanoves, Ribas, Patricia Castán, Pérez, José Castaño, Ortega, Álvaro Castellanos, Lorente, Encarnación Castillo, Barranquero, Francisca Gema Cazorla, Sánchez, María José Chaparro, Sáez, Violeta Chica, Fernández, Mario Chico, Ríos, Miguel Ángel Chirosa, Cabrera, Laura Claverias, Torres, Elisabeth Coll, Ruiz, Manuel Colmenero, Pino, Tamara Contreras del, Palomo, Yael Corcia, Lorenzana, María Lourdes Cordero, Delgado, Francisco Cota, Balsera, Emilio Curiel, Ruiz, Domingo Daga, Gestido, Azucena de la Campa, Ruano, Rafael de la Chica Ruiz, Moreno, Jesús de la Cruz, Martos, Carmen de la Fuente, García, Celia de la Hoz, Valverde, Carmen María de la Linde, Prados, María Victoria de la Torre, Blanc, Marina de Miguel, Casado, Nieves Delgado, Castellanos, Miguel Ángel Díaz, Contreras, Remedios Díaz, Monrové, Juan Carlos Díaz, Pernalete, Rosa María Díaz, Torres, Isabel Díaz, García, Pedro Jesús Domínguez, Domínguez-Gil, Beatriz, Roldán, José María Domínguez, Jurado, José María Dueñas, García, Ignacio Durbán, Brutus, Reginald Dusseck, León, Melisa Echeverría, Egea-Guerrero, Juan José, Mendoza, Ana Estalella, Montiel, Belén Estébanez, Foncea, María Antonia Estecha, García, Ángel Estella, Torrús, Andrés Estivill, López-Cuervo, Juan Fajardo, Fernández-Castanys, Esteban Feriche, Carmona, Alberto Fernández, Díez, Inés Fernández, Hinojosa, Esteban Fernández, Mondéjar, Enrique Fernández, Ortega, Juan Francisco Fernández, Porcel, Alba Fernández, Zamora, María Dolores Fernández, Higueras, María José Ferrer, López, Rafael Ferrer, Mata, Álvaro Ferrezuelo, Costa, Eva María Fieira, Rosón, Luis Javier Fierro, Lasierra, José Luis Flordelís, Cordero, Juan Manuel Flores, González, José Carlos Flores, Fregosi, Andrea, Freire-Aragón, María Dolores, Pérez, Manuel Ángel Frías, López, Juan Luis Galeas, Carbajo, Virginia Gallardo, Lara, Sonia Gallego, Martín, José Manuel Galván, Alfaro, Claudio García, Bautista, Ernesto García, Bautista, Jesús Alejo García, Cobo, José García, Lorenzo Mateos, Abelardo García de, Delgado, Manuel García, Rosado, Horacio García-Delgado, Acilu, Marina García García de, Morales, Juan José García, Sánchez, Manuela García, Soler, Patricia García, Garnacho-Montero, José, Castillo, María Luisa Gascón, Gómez, Raquel Gil, Pérez, Juan José Gilbert, Beltrán, Bárbara Giménez, González, Carmen Gómez, Jiménez, Francisco Javier Gómez, Luque, José María Gómez, Muñoz, Cristina Gómez, Ortiz, Francisco Javier González de Molina, Fenoy, Daniel González, Galilea, Ángel González, Gómez, José Manuel González, Hervás, Catalina González, López, Samuel González, Garzón, Manuel González-Ripoll, Brenes, Antonio Gordillo, Romero, Manuel Ángel Gracia, Mier, Manuel Guerrero de, López, Francisco Guerrero, Calle, Gabriel Heras La, Alonso, Benjamín Hernández, Cerdá, Laura Hernández, González, Arturo Hernández, Tejedor, Alberto Hernández, Vidaña, Adoración María Hernández, Gutiérrez, Manuel Enrique Herrera, Avilés, Ángel Herruzo, Muñoz, Fidel Alberto Hijano, Pérez, Rafael Hinojosa, Suazo, José Antonio Hurtado, Rosa, Ignacio Ibarra de la, Morales, Miriam Ibars, Santiago, Alberto Iglesias, Hernández, José Manuel Infantes, Sarrías, José Luis Iribarren, Rocamora, José Antonio Irles, Franco, Mercedes Jaén, Caballero, Susana Jaraba, Gómez-Coronado, Vicente Jerez, Guadarrama, Luis Roberto Jiménez, Moragas, José Manuel Jiménez, Rivera, Juan José Jiménez, Moreno, Belén Jordano, Montosa, Carolina Joya, Díaz, Mar Juan, Pujol, Jordi Klamburg, Aguayo, Pedro Lara, Rosales, Ramón Lara, Noval, Santiago Ramón Leal, Gallardo, Miguel Lebrón, Gil, Cristóbal León, López, Rafael León, Galera, Sagrario Lombardo, Sánchez, José María López, Vázquez, Ana Loza, Calderón, Francisco Lucena, Casas, Juan Francisco Machado, Guarasa, Inés Macías, Municio, Alejandro Manrique, Caño, Javier Manso del, Marín-Caballos, Antonio Jesús, Monserrat, Fernando Luis Maroto, Gamarra, Pilar Márquez, Bermúdez, Rafael Martín, Delgado, María Cruz Martín, García, José Antonio Martín, López, Javier Ignacio Martín, Santaella, Ana Martín, Carmona, Juan Francisco Martínez, Martínez-Caro, Leticia, Escobar, Sergio Martínez, García, Pilar Martínez, López, Pilar Martínez, Padilla, María del Carmen Martínez, Enviz, Joan Ramon Masclans, Arizmendi, Alfonso Mesejo, Febrer, Jaume Mesquida, Manso, Guillermo Milano, Collado, Zaira Molina, Hurtado, José Ramón Molina, García, Manuel Ignacio Monge, González, Juan Carlos Montejo, Candau, Miguel Montero de Espinosa, Pintado, Rocío Monterroso, Ordóñez, Juan Miguel Mora, Quintero, María Luisa Mora, Martínez, Antonio Morales, Fernández, Eduardo Morán, Cecilia, Gonzalo Moratalla, López, Josefina Moreno, Romero, Olga Moreno, Gómez, Ana Mula, Bono, Javier Muñoz, Caballero, María Ángeles Muñoz, Casares, Cristóbal Muñoz, Cabo, Carlos Muñoz de, Garach, Manuel Muñoz, Guillén, Noelia María Muñoz, López, Alfonso Muñoz, Marina, Vanessa Muñoz, Sánchez, Sergio Muñoz, Sánchez, María de los Ángeles Muñoz, Cabezas, Francisco Murillo, Pozo, María Ángeles Murillo, Izurieta, José Ricardo Naranjo, Galdó, Susana Narbona, Navarro, Pedro Navarrete, Guillamón, Laura Navarro, González, María Nieto, Guindo, Pablo Nieto, Vaeza, Nicolás Nin, Ortega, Pilar Nuevo, Hita, Esther Ocete, Jiménez, Victoria Olea, Granados, Gonzalo Olivares, Peña, Lorena Olivencia, Ordiales, Ane Ortega, Vinuesa, Francisco Jesús Ortega, Zarza, Pedro Ortega, Álvarez, Ana Ortiz, Pérez, María Ortiz, Moreno, Pedro Pardo, Parrilla, Julio Parrilla, Ruiz, Francisco Manuel Parrilla, Bailón, Ana Pérez, Civantos, Demetrio Pérez, González, Álvaro Pérez, Madueño, Virginia Pérez, Navero, Juan Luis Pérez, Vacas, Jonathan Pérez, Villares, José Miguel Pérez, Moya, Enrique Pino, Sánchez, Francisca Inmaculada Pino, Guzmán, María Dolores Pola Gallego, Ponce, María del Pilar, López, Francisco Manuel Porras, Pantojo, Manuel Francisco Porras, Aguilera, María Eugenia Poyatos, Laderas, Juan Carlos Pozo, Paula, Juan Francisco Prieto de, Morlán, Araceli Puerto, Valverde, Pablo Pujol, Moreno, Antonio Puppo, García, Juan Guillermo Quesada, Galleymore, Paula Ramírez, Puerta, Rosario Ramírez, Núñez, María Recuerda, Orts, María Redondo, Artacho, María del Carmen Reina, Parras, María del Pilar Reyes, Ferrari, María Dolores Rincón, Espinar, Francisco Rivera, Arista, Juan Carlos Robles, Marcos, Manuel Robles, Castillo, Emilio Martín Robles-Musso, Alonso, Rosa María Rodríguez, Campoy, Patricia Rodríguez, Castaño, Rocío Rodríguez, Delgado, Marina Rodríguez, Espejo, Rosa Rodríguez, Gómez, Jorge Rodríguez, Higueras, Isabel María Rodríguez, Medina, Juan Antonio Rodríguez, Mejías, Candela Rodríguez, Oviedo, Alejandro Rodríguez, Yáñez, Juan Carlos Rodríguez, Amezcua, María Rojas, Cutillas, Ana María Román, Faro, Xan Romaní, Barroso, Isidro Romero, Camacho, Vanessa Rosa, Molina, Carolina Rueda, Bailén, Manuel Ruiz, Azúa-López, Zaida Ruiz de, Fresno, Luis Ruiz del, Ferrón, Francisco Ruiz, Jiménez, Jesús Ruiz, Ruiz-Santana, Sergio, Casco, Luis Vicente Sáenz, Fuente, Ignacio Sáez de la, Coronas, Joaquín Salas, Ramírez, Cristina Salazar, González, Francisco José Saldaña, Díaz, Lourdes Salido, Fernández, María José Salmerón, Cejas, José María San Pedro, Fernández, Norma Sánchez, Ganfornina, Inmaculada Sánchez, González, Yolanda Sánchez, Ramírez, Catalina Sánchez, Rodríguez, Ángel Custodio Sánchez, Román, José Antonio Sánchez, Segovia, José Sánchez, Silos, Francisco Sánchez, Valderrábanos, Elia Sánchez, Gutiérrez, Carmen Santiago, González, Fernando Segura, Pérez, Gemma Seller, Vic, Joaquim Serra, Lázaro, Ainhoa Serrano, Martínez, José Luis Serrano, Simón, José Manuel Serrano, Martínez, María Sevilla, Camerino, Rafael Sierra, Pérez, Manuel Jesús Soriano, Corriente, Macarena Taguas-Casaño, Aranguren, Julia Tejero, Reynoso, Pablo Torrabadella de, Alcalá, José Tomás Torres, Delgado, Eva Torres, Torres, Antonio Torres, Fernández, Carmen Trujillano, Spasova, Tsvetelina Tsvetanova, Iglesias, Alejandro Úbeda, Santamaría, Esther Ulloa, Quintero, Juan Pablo Valencia, Sánchez, Francisco Valenzuela, Báez, Antonio Vallejo, Barrios, José Manuel Vaquero, Vargas, Francisco Javier Vasserot, Florido, Antonio Vázquez, Colmenero, Rosa María Vela, Bueno, José Manuel Velasco, Gimena, Francisco Velasco, Jabalquinto, María José Velasco, Gallardo, Juan Villar, Muñoz, Emilia Villegas, Mateos, Luis Yaguez, Castilla, Cristina Yun, Ossorio, María Eugenia Yuste, Periñán, María José Zarco, and Ganfornina, José Benito Zaya

Published
2022
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28. Local Leadership and the Affordable Care Act

Author

Maria De LaCruz, Beverly L. Nichols, Stephen L. Williams, M. Katherine Barton, and Benjamin Hernandez

Subjects
Engineering, medicine.medical_specialty, Economic growth, Alternative medicine, computer.software_genre, Health Services Accessibility, Politics, health care access, Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, medicine, Health insurance, Humans, uninsured, Local Government, Affordable Care Act, Medicaid, business.industry, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, health, Medicaid expansion, humanities, United States, Leadership, Commentary, Data mining, business, computer, insurance
Abstract

This article describes the key role of local health departments in leading the education and implementation efforts to advance the Affordable Care Act., Local health departments are in key positions to lead in the education and implementation efforts to advance the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The first enrollment period is over, but the efforts to enroll the uninsured and advocate for expansion of Medicaid in the states that have not yet taken on this expansion will continue for years to come. Political climates may be unsupportive, but some actions may still be possible.

Published
2015
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31. Influence of Blood Rheology and Turbulence Models in the Numerical Simulation of Aneurysms

Author

Alberto Brambila-Solórzano, Federico Méndez-Lavielle, Jorge Luis Naude, Gregorio Josué Martínez-Sánchez, Azael García-Rebolledo, Benjamín Hernández, and Carlos Escobar-del Pozo

Subjects
aneurysm, CFD, blood flow, turbulence model, rheology, Technology, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

An aneurysm is a vascular malformation that can be classified according to its location (cerebral, aortic) or shape (saccular, fusiform, and mycotic). Recently, the study of blood flow interaction with aneurysms has gained attention from physicians and engineers. Shear stresses, oscillatory shear index (OSI), gradient oscillatory number (GON), and residence time have been used as variables to describe the hemodynamics as well as the origin and evolution of aneurysms. However, the causes and hemodynamic conditions that promote their growth are still under debate. The present work presents numerical simulations of three types of aneurysms: two aortic and one cerebral. Simulation results showed that the blood rheology is not relevant for aortic aneurysms. However, for the cerebral aneurysm case, blood rheology could play a relevant role in the hemodynamics. The evaluated turbulence models showed equivalent results in both cases. Lastly, a simulation considering the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) showed that this phenomenon is the dominant factor for aneurysm simulation.

Published
2023
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32. Genomic diversity and population structure of teosinte (Zea spp.) and its conservation implications.

Author

Diana María Rivera-Rodríguez, Alicia Mastretta-Yanes, Ana Wegier, Lino De la Cruz Larios, Fernando Santacruz-Ruvalcaba, José Ariel Ruiz Corral, Benjamín Hernández, and José de Jesús Sánchez González

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The wild species of the genus Zea commonly named teosintes, comprise nine different taxa, distributed from northern Mexico to Costa Rica. Although this genus of plants has been extensively studied from a morphological, ecogeographical and genetic point of view, most contributions have been limited to the study of a few populations and taxa. To understand the great variability that exists between and within teosinte species, it is necessary to include the vast majority of known populations. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the diversity and genomic structure of 276 teosinte populations. Molecular analyzes were performed with 3,604 plants and with data from 33,929 SNPs. The levels of genetic diversity by taxonomic group show a marked difference between species, races and sections, where the highest values of genomic diversity was found in ssp. parviglumis and ssp. mexicana. The lower values were obtained for the Luxuriantes section as well as ssp. huehuetenagensis of the section Zea. The results of structure show that there is a great genetic differentiation in all the taxonomic groups considered. For ssp. parviglumis and mexicana, which are the taxa with the largest number of populations, a marked genomic differentiation was found that is consistent with their geographic distribution patterns. These results showed a loss of diversity in several teosinte populations, making a strong case for further collection, and ex situ and in situ conservation. Also, this study highlights the importance of integrating genomic diversity and structure for the applications of conservation and management.

Published
2023
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33. Colaboradores

Author

Molina, Ana Abril, Valencia, Daniel Acevedo, Díaz, Fernando Acosta, de Hoyos, Eduardo Aguayo, Alonso, Eduardo Aguilar, Sánchez, Purificación Aguilera, Arboledas, Francisco Javier Alados, Romero, Pedro Alcázar, Pallás, Teresa Aldabó, Marín, Amelia Alonso, Muñoz, Gema Alonso, Salas, María Teresa Alonso, Bueno, Miguel Álvarez, Sáiz, Alejandra Álvarez, Serna, Tania Amat, Villar, Rosario Amaya, González, César Aragón, Sánchez, José Andrés Arboleda, Garrido, José Julián Arias, Verdú, María Dolores Arias, Sánchez, Álvaro Arjona, Marín, María José Arroyo, Gallardo, Marc Ayala, Bravo, Esther Banderas, Pichardo, Rafael Barba, Ansorregui, Sandra Barbadillo, Ruiz, Mercedes Barranco, Chacón, Juana María Barrera, Barrueco-Francioni, Jesús Emilio, Rodríguez, María Dolores Bautista, Alba, Rafael Bellido, Lozano, José Antonio Benítez, Gómez, Alberto Bermejo, Sáez, Isidro Blanco, Saera, María Bodí, de Austria, Rafael Ángel Bohollo, Saris, Alfonso Bonet, Perales, Antonio Bonillo, Marqués, Rafael Bravo, Cabeza, Francisca Cabeza, Rodríguez, Ana Calderón, Bonachera, María Dolores Calvo, Macías, Custodio Calvo, Pulido, Jorge Calvo, Alonso, José Miguel Camacho, Sola, Estefanía Cámara, de la Campa Gestido, Azucena, Guerrero, Jesús Carbajal, Cruz, Dolores Purificación Cárdenas, Pérez, María Luz Carmona, Sánchez, Purificación Carmona, Linde, María José Carpio, Carmona, Francisco José Carrizosa, Hernández, Alejandra Carvajal, Adam, Ángela Casado, Laparra, Eloina Casanoves, Ribas, Patricia Castán, Pérez, José Castaño, Ortega, Álvaro Castellanos, Barranquero, Francisca Gema Cazorla, Sánchez, María José Chaparro, de la Chica Ruiz Ruano, Rafael, Sáez, Violeta Chica, Fernández, Mario Chico, Ríos, Miguel Ángel Chirosa, González, Eva Chocano, Cabrera, Laura Claverias, García, José Cobo, Torres, Elisabeth Coll, Ruiz, Manuel Colmenero, Pino, Tamara Contreras del, Palomo, Yael Corcia, Lorenzana, María Lourdes Cordero, Delgado, Francisco Cota, de la Cruz Moreno, Jesús, Balsera, Emilio Curiel, Ruiz, Domingo Daga, Casado, Nieves Delgado, Castellanos, Miguel Ángel Díaz, Contreras, Remedios Díaz, Monrové, Juan Carlos Díaz, Pernalete, Rosa María Díaz, Torres, Isabel Díaz, García, Pedro Jesús Domínguez, Roldán, José María Domínguez, Jurado, José María Dueñas, García, Ignacio Durbán, Brutus, Reginald Dusseck, León, Melissa Echeverría, Egea-Guerrero, Juan José, Foncea, María Antonia Estecha, García, Ángel Estella, Fernández-Castanys, Esteban Feriche, Carmona, Alberto Fernández, Díez, Inés Fernández, Fernández, Rosario Fernández, Hinojosa, Esteban Fernández, Mondéjar, Enrique Fernández, Ortega, Juan Francisco Fernández, Porcel, Alba Fernández, Zamora, María Dolores Fernández, Higueras, María José Ferrer, López, Rafael Ferrer, Mata, Álvaro Ferrezuelo, Costa, Eva María Fieira, Rosón, Luis Javier Fierro, Lasierra, José Luis Flordelis, Cordero, Juan Manuel Flores, González, Juan Carlos Flores, Fregosi, Andrea, Freire-Aragón, María Dolores, Pérez, Manuel Ángel Frías, de la Fuente Martos, Carmen, López, Juan Luis Galeas, Tuero, Martín Galíndez, Lara, Sonia Gallego, Martín, José Manuel Galván, Calderón, Carmen Gálvez, Alcántara, Ángel García, Alfaro, Claudio García, Bautista, Ernesto García, Bautista, Jesús Alejo García, Cobo, José García, de Lorenzo y Mateos, Abelardo García, Moral, Raimundo García del, Delgado, Manuel García, de Acilu, Marina García García, Martínez, María Victoria García, Matas, Gerardo García, Morales, Juan José García, Paredes, Teresa García, Sánchez, Manuela García, Soler, Patricia García, Rosado, Horacio García-Delgado, Garnacho-Montero, José, Castillo, María Luisa Gascón, Cano, Anselmo Gil, Gómez, Raquel Gil, Pérez, Juan José Gilbert, González, Carmen Gómez, Jiménez, Francisco Javier Gómez, Luque, José María Gómez, Muñoz, Cristina Gómez, Tello, Vicente Gómez, Gómez–Coronado, Vicente Jerez, Rodríguez, Gema Gómiz, de Molina Ortiz, Francisco Javier González, Fenoy, Daniel González, Galilea, Ángel González, Gómez, José Manuel González, Hervás, Catalina González, López, Samuel González, González-Ripoll, Manuel, Brenes, Antonio Gordillo, Romero, Manuel Ángel Gracia, de Mier, Manuel Guerrero, López, Francisco Guerrero, González, Pedro Guijo, de Barbará, Alberto Hernández Abadía, Alonso, Benjamín Hernández, González, Arturo Hernández, Vidaña, Adoración María Hernández, Gutiérrez, Manuel Enrique Herrera, Avilés, Ángel Herruzo, Pérez, Rafael Hinojosa, Suazo, José Antonio Hurtado, de la Rosa, Ignacio Ibarra, Morales, Miriam Ibars, Santiago, Alberto Iglesias, Hernández, José Manuel Infantes, Sarrías, José Luis Iribarren, Rocamora, José Antonio Irles, Franco, Mercedes Jaén, Caballero, Susana Jaraba, Guadarrama, Luis Roberto Jiménez, Moragas, José Manuel Jiménez, Rivera, Juan José Jiménez, Montosa, Carolina Joya, Díaz, Mar Juan, Pujol, Jordi Klamburg, Aguayo, Pedro Lara, Rosales, Ramón Lara, Noval, Santiago Ramón Leal, Gallardo, Miguel Lebrón, Gil, Cristóbal León, López, Rafael León, de la Linde Valverde, Carmen María, Galera, Sagrario Lombardo, García, Isabel López, Granados, Amador López, Martín, Cristina López, Sánchez, José María López, López-Cuervo, Juan Fajardo, Vázquez, Ana Loza, Calderón, Francisco Lucena, Casas, Juan Francisco Machado, Guarasa, Inés Macías, Municio, Alejandro Manrique, Caño, Javier Manso del, Manzano, Francisco Manzano, Marín-Caballos, Antonio Jesús, Monserrat, Fernando Luis Maroto, Gamarra, Pilar Márquez, Delgado, María Cruz Martín, García, José Antonio Martín, López, Javier Ignacio Martín, Rubí, José Carlos Martín, Santaella, Ana Martín, Villén, Luis Martín, Arcos, María Ángeles Martínez, Carmona, Juan Francisco Martínez, Coronel, Juan Francisco Martínez, Escobar, Sergio Martínez, García, Pilar Martínez, López, Pilar Martínez, Padilla, María del Carmen Martínez, Martínez-Caro, Leticia, Enviz, Joan Ramon Masclans, Acedos, Rafael Matesanz, Troncoso, Elena Mellado, de Cos, Paz Merino, Arizmendi, Alfonso Mesejo, Febrer, Jaume Mesquida, Manso, Guillermo Milano, Collado, Zaira Molina, Hurtado, José Ramón Molina, García, Manuel Ignacio Monge, González, Juan Carlos Montejo, Álvarez, José Luis Montero, de Espinosa Candau, Miguel Montero, Valladares, Cristina Montero, Pintado, Rocío Monterroso, Ordóñez, Juan Miguel Mora, Quintero, María Luisa Mora, Martínez, Antonio Morales, Fernández, Eduardo Morán, Cecilia, Gonzalo Moratalla, López, Josefina Moreno, Quintana, José Diego Moreno, Romero, Olga Moreno, Gómez, Ana Mula, Aramburu, Lidia Muñoz, Bono, Javier Muñoz, Caballero, María Ángeles Muñoz, Casares, Cristóbal Muñoz, de Cabo, Carlos Muñoz, de la Casa, Sandra Muñoz, Garach, Manuel Muñoz, Guillén, Noelia María Muñoz, Muñoz, José Luis Muñoz, Sánchez, María Ángeles Muñoz, Sánchez, Sergio Muñoz, Trujillo, Javier Muñoz, Cabezas, Francisco Murillo, Pozo, María Ángeles Murillo, Galdó, Susana Narbona, Navarro, Pedro Navarrete, Sánchez, Inés Navarrete, Guillamón, Laura Navarro, Suay, Ricardo Navarro, Guindo, Pablo Nieto, Vaeza, Nicolás Nin, Ortega, Pilar Nuevo, Hita, Esther Ocete, Jiménez, Victoria Olea, Granados, Gonzalo Olivares, Peña, Lorena Olivencia, Vinuesa, Francisco Jesús Ortega, Zarza, Pedro Ortega, Moreno, Pedro Pardo, Parrilla, Julio Parrilla, Ruiz, Francisco Manuel Parrilla, Rodríguez, Josefa Peinado, Civantos, Demetrio Pérez, de la Cruz, Antonio Pérez, González, Álvaro Pérez, Navero, Juan Luis Pérez, Vacas, Jonathan Pérez, Villares, José Miguel Pérez, Moya, Enrique Pino, Sánchez, Francisca Inmaculada Pino, Guzmán, María Dolores Pola Gallego, Ponce, María Pilar Ponce, López, Manuel Porras, Pantojo, Manuel Francisco Porras, Brea, Ana María Poullet, Aguilera, María Eugenia Poyatos, Laderas, Juan Carlos Pozo, de Paula, Juan Francisco Prieto, Morlán, Araceli Puerto, Valverde, Pablo Pujol, Moreno, Antonio Puppo, García, Juan Guillermo Quesada, Otero, Sebastián Quintero, Galleymore, Paula Ramírez, Puerta, Rosario Ramírez, Cuadra, José Ángel Ramos, Fernández, Pedro Ramos, Núñez, María Recuerda, Orts, María Redondo, Artacho, María del Carmen Reina, Toral, Antonio Reina, Parras, María del Pilar Reyes, Conesa, Assumpta Ricart, Ferrari, María Dolores Rincón, García, Rocío Risquete, Espinar, Francisco Rivera, Arista, Juan Carlos Robles, Marcos, Manuel Robles, Sánchez, Juan Carlos Robles, Alonso, Rosa María Rodríguez, Castaño, Rocío Rodríguez, Delgado, Marina Rodríguez, Elvira, Manuel Rodríguez, Espejo, Rosa Rodríguez, Gómez, Jorge Rodríguez, Higueras, Isabel María Rodríguez, Medina, Juan Antonio Rodríguez, Mejías, Candela Rodríguez, Oviedo, Alejandro Rodríguez, Yáñez, Juan Carlos Rodríguez, Amezcua, María Rojas, Cutillas, Ana María Román, Faro, Xan Romaní, Barroso, Isidro Romero, Camacho, Vanessa Rosa, Quiñones, Fernando Rubio, Molina, Carolina Rueda, de Azúa-López, Zaida Ruiz, Fresno, Luis Ruiz del, Ferrón, Francisco Ruiz, Giménez, Jesús Ruiz, Ruiz-Santana, Sergio, de la Fuente, Ignacio Sáez, Coronas, Joaquín Salas, Ramírez, Cristina Salazar, González, Francisco José Saldaña, Díaz, Lourdes Salido, Fernández, María José Salmerón, Cejas, José María San Pedro, González, Yolanda Sánchez, Ortega, Daniel Sánchez, Ramírez, Catalina Sánchez, Rodríguez, Ángel Custodio Sánchez, Román, José Antonio Sánchez, Segovia, José Sánchez, Silos, Francisco Sánchez, Tatay, Victoria Sánchez, Gutiérrez, Carmen Santiago, González, Fernando Segura, Pérez, Gemma Seller, Vic, Joaquim Serra, Lázaro, Ainhoa Serrano, Simón, José Manuel Serrano, Martínez, María Sevilla, Camerino, Rafael Sierra, Fernández, María Soledad Silvente, Corriente, Macarena Taguas-Casaño, de Reynoso, Pablo Torrabadella, de la Torre Prados, María Victoria, Alcalá, José Tomás Torres, Delgado, Eva Torres, Ruiz, Juan Miguel Torres, Torres, Antonio Torres, Garzón, Antonia Tristancho, Fernández, Carmen Trujillano, Spasova, Tsvetelina Tsvetanova, Iglesias, Alejandro Úbeda, Santamaría, Esther Ulloa, Sánchez, Francisco Valenzuela, Báez, Antonio Vallejo, Barrios, José Manuel Vaquero, Vargas, Francisco Javier Vasserot, Florido, Antonio Vázquez, Colmenero, Rosa María Vela, Gimena, Francisco Velasco, Jabalquinto, María José Velasco, Muñoz, Emilia Villegas, Mateos, Luis Yaguez, Castilla, Cristina Yun, Ossorio, María Eugenia Yuste, Periñán, María José Zarco, and Ganfornina, José Benito Zaya

Published
2017
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34. Feeding habits of Lithobates megapoda (Anura: Ranidae), a threatened leopard frog used for human consumption, in Lake Chapala, Mexico

Author

José Luis Barragán-Ramírez, Benjamín Hernández, María Guadalupe Velarde-Aguilar, Oscar Pérez-Flores, José Luis Navarrete-Heredia, and Eduardo Pineda

Subjects
Amphibians, Diet, Fish, Intersexual variation, Trophic ecology, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The Big-footed Leopard Frog (Lithobates megapoda) is a threatened and endemic species from western Mexico. This species has aquatic habits and it is distinguished by its large size, particularly by the length of its legs, reason for which it is captured for human consumption. Also, knowledge about its natural history is scarce and incomplete. In this study, we analyzed the composition of the diet of L. megapoda on the shore of Lake Chapala, the largest lake in Mexico. A total of 69 adult individuals were collected lifeless in fishing nets, during the rainy season (June-October), of which 48 had stomach contents. A total of 96 prey items were identified, which correspond to 13 prey categories. Fish constituted the most dominant prey category in the diet in terms of number, volume, frequency of occurrence, and relative importance. No significant differences were found in the consumption by prey type (aquatic or terrestrial). However, the aquatic preys had a greater relative importance and were more voluminous than the terrestrial ones. The diversity of prey categories, in terms of prey volume, indicates males may have a higher dietary diversity than females, but we not evaluated possible bias. In addition, a significant effect was found in the interaction of size (SVL) of frogs with the average of prey volume. Females (that are larger than males) consumed prey within a wide volume range and, the larger they are, more voluminous are prey. In this way it is possible that intraspecific competition for trophic resources in the environment is reduced. This study helps us understand the trophic ecology of L. megapoda, a frog species that plays an important role in the food web where it lives, as a predator feeding on aquatic and terrestrial organisms.

Published
2021

35. Randomized trial to assess the effect of weekly vs. monthly iron supplementation with ferrous sulphate or aminoquelated iron combined with folic acid to prevent iron deficiency and anemia in Mexican infants during the first year of life

Author

Marco Unzaga Gonzalez, Sergio Hernandez Flores, Duque Ximena Lopez, Samuel Huerta Flores, Olivia Andrade Martinez, Benjamin Hernandez Trujillo, Joel Espino Monarrez, Homero Martinez, and Elma Ivonne Sotelo

Subjects
Ferrous sulphate, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Anemia, First year of life, Iron deficiency, medicine.disease, Biochemistry, Gastroenterology, law.invention, Folic acid, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, Genetics, Iron supplementation, Medicine, business, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology
Published
2008
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36. Detección de los genes phlD y hcnC en bacterias antagonistas productoras de sideróforos asociadas a Rubus fruticosus L.

Author

Gustavo Santoyo, Benjamín Hernández-Flores, Julie Hernández Salmerón, Daniel Rojas Solís, Miguel Contreras-Pérez, Pedro D. Loaeza-Lara, and Ma. del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda

Subjects
biocontrol, 4-diacetilfloroglucinol, ácido cianhídrico, Pseudomonas, bacterias, Science, Science (General), Q1-390, Social Sciences, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Introducción: Las plantas albergan un microbioma que incluye bacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal, las cuales pueden fungir como agentes biológicos que antagonizan el crecimiento de fitopatógenos, disminuyendo o eliminando su efectos nocivos en plantas. En este trabajo se evaluó la presencia de los genes antifúngicos phlD y hcnC con la producción de sideróforos (agentes quelantes de Fe) en bacterias aisladas de la endósfera y rizósfera de plantas de zarzamora (Rubus fruticosus L.). Método: Se analizaron 410 aislados bacterianos asociados a plantas de zarzamora (Rubus fruticosus L.), provenientes de la rizósfera (205) y endosfera (205) para la detección de los genes antimicrobianos phlD y hcnC por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa y posterior secuenciación. La búsqueda de los genes se realizó únicamente en cepas productoras de sideróforos, utilizando el medio CAS (Cromo Azurol) para su producción. De las cepas seleccionadas, se realizaron los bioensayos de antagonismo contra los patógenos de plantas Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani y Rhizoctonia solani. Resultados: Los resultados de este trabajo muestran que, de los 410 aislados bacterianos analizados (50% rizosféricos y 50% endófitos), 70 aislados fueron productores de sideróforos (24 rizosféricas y 46 endófitas). Se observó que el 70% (49/70) de las cepas productoras de sideróforos, presentaron uno o dos de los genes phlD y/o hcnC. Las secuencias nucleotídicas de los genes phlD y/o hcnC mostraron una alta identidad con genes homólogos a las especies Pseudomonas sp., P. fluorescens, P. chlororaphis, P. protegens, P. putida y P. brassicacearum. La abundancia del gen hcnC fue mayor en los aislados endófitos y rizosféricos (36/70), con respecto al gen phlD (13/70). Se detectaron mayoritariamente los genes phlD y/o hcnC en cepas aisladas de la endósfera (43/70), comparado con aquellas cepas rizosféricas (6/70). Finalmente, se observó una alta relación entre la producción de sideróforos, la presencia de genes phlD y/o hcnC y la actividad antagónica hacia los fitopatógenos Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani y Rhizoctonia solani. Conclusión: Estos resultados muestran el potencial de identificar de forma rápida, eficiente y a bajo costo, mecanismos de antagonismo hacia fitópatógenos en bacterias asociadas a plantas de zarzamora (Rubus fruticosus L.), tales como la producción de sideróforos.

Published
2020
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37. Cohesin Disrupts Polycomb-Dependent Chromosome Interactions in Embryonic Stem Cells

Author

James D.P. Rhodes, Angelika Feldmann, Benjamín Hernández-Rodríguez, Noelia Díaz, Jill M. Brown, Nadezda A. Fursova, Neil P. Blackledge, Praveen Prathapan, Paula Dobrinic, Miles K. Huseyin, Aleksander Szczurek, Kai Kruse, Kim A. Nasmyth, Veronica J. Buckle, Juan M. Vaquerizas, and Robert J. Klose

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Summary: How chromosome organization is related to genome function remains poorly understood. Cohesin, loop extrusion, and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) have been proposed to create topologically associating domains (TADs) to regulate gene expression. Here, we examine chromosome conformation in embryonic stem cells lacking cohesin and find, as in other cell types, that cohesin is required to create TADs and regulate A/B compartmentalization. However, in the absence of cohesin, we identify a series of long-range chromosomal interactions that persist. These correspond to regions of the genome occupied by the polycomb repressive system and are dependent on PRC1. Importantly, we discover that cohesin counteracts these polycomb-dependent interactions, but not interactions between super-enhancers. This disruptive activity is independent of CTCF and insulation and appears to modulate gene repression by the polycomb system. Therefore, we discover that cohesin disrupts polycomb-dependent chromosome interactions to modulate gene expression in embryonic stem cells. : Using Hi-C, Capture-C, and DNA-FISH, Rhodes et al. discover that interactions between polycomb target genes occur independently of cohesin in embryonic stem cells. This relies on PRC1, and these interactions are disrupted by cohesin-mediated loop extrusion. Upon removal of cohesin, gene repression is enhanced at polycomb-occupied genes with increased interactions. Keywords: cohesin, Polycomb, TADs, loop extrusion, Hi-C, gene regulation

Published
2020
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38. Determinants of Competitiveness in Companies that Comprise the Aerospace Cluster in the State of Sonora

Author

Erika OLIVAS-VALDEZ, Luis Enrique IBARRA MORALES, Benjamín HERNANDEZ-FIMBRES, Monica OCHOA-OLVERA, and Rosalina JAIME MEULY

Subjects
Aerospace Cluster, Competitiveness, Industry, Competitive Advantage Index, Business, HF5001-6182
Abstract

Most of the leading countries in the world production of the aerospace sector, over time, have triangulated their production, by installing plants in other countries, to reduce costs. The United States concentrates most of the world production of aircraft. Consequently, Mexico has joined this dynamic production process through the operation of almost four hundred companies in this industrial sector. The states of Baja California, Chihuahua, Nuevo Leon, Querétaro and Sonora, lead the production of this sector in Mexico. The objective of this work is to determine if the companies in the aerospace sector of the state of Sonora are competitive in a regional context with respect to the growth of the entire sector in the country. The degree of competitiveness was calculated using the Competitive Advantage Index in two levels –the aerospace sector at the national level and at the state level-. The results of this research confirm that the competitiveness of companies in the aerospace sector in Sonora is high and that their competitiveness is determined mainly by the technological development of their products, quality of service, guarantees offered, price, and the operation and production costs.

Published
2018

39. Transcriptional regulation of endothelial cell behavior during sprouting angiogenesis

Author

Hyun-Woo Jeong, Benjamín Hernández-Rodríguez, JungMo Kim, Kee-Pyo Kim, Rocio Enriquez-Gasca, Juyong Yoon, Susanne Adams, Hans R. Schöler, Juan M. Vaquerizas, and Ralf H. Adams

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Angiogenesis is a complex process that requires coordinated changes in endothelial cell behavior. Here the authors use Ribo-tag and RNA-Seq to determine temporal profiles of transcriptional activity during postnatal retinal angiogenesis, identifying transcriptional regulators of the process.

Published
2017
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41. Characterization of the Drosophila group ortholog to the amino-terminus of the alpha-thalassemia and mental retardation X-Linked (ATRX) vertebrate protein.

Author

Brenda López-Falcón, Silvia Meyer-Nava, Benjamín Hernández-Rodríguez, Adam Campos, Daniel Montero, Enrique Rudiño, Martha Vázquez, Mario Zurita, and Viviana Valadez-Graham

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The human ATRX gene encodes hATRX, a chromatin-remodeling protein harboring an helicase/ATPase and ADD domains. The ADD domain has two zinc fingers that bind to histone tails and mediate hATRX binding to chromatin. dAtrx, the putative ATRX homolog in Drosophila melanogaster, has a conserved helicase/ATPase domain but lacks the ADD domain. A bioinformatic search of the Drosophila genome using the human ADD sequence allowed us to identify the CG8290 annotated gene, which encodes three ADD harboring- isoforms generated by alternative splicing. This Drosophila ADD domain is highly similar in structure and in the amino acids which mediate the histone tail contacts to the ADD domain of hATRX as shown by 3D modeling. Very recently the CG8290 annotated gene has been named dadd1. We show through pull-down and CoIP assays that the products of the dadd1 gene interact physically with dAtrxL and HP1a and all of them mainly co-localize in the chromocenter, although euchromatic localization can also be observed through the chromosome arms. We confirm through ChIP analyses that these proteins are present in vivo in the same heterochromatic regions. The three isoforms are expressed throughout development. Flies carrying transheterozygous combinations of the dadd1 and atrx alleles are semi-viable and have different phenotypes including the appearance of melanotic masses. Interestingly, the dAdd1-b and c isoforms have extra domains, such as MADF, which suggest newly acquired functions of these proteins. These results strongly support that, in Drosophila, the atrx gene diverged and that the dadd1-encoded proteins participate with dAtrx in some cellular functions such as heterochromatin maintenance.

Published
2014
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42. Juegos olímpicos modernos vs antiguos

Author

Benjamín Hernández Blázquez

Subjects
Juegos, Olimpiadas, Deporte, Sociology (General), HM401-1281
Abstract

Los Juegos Olímpicos Modernos que tuvieron como célula generatriz La Sorbona francesa, nacieron con espíritu romántico y versallesco, hoy conforman el acontecimiento humano que despierta mayor interés en el planeta. En poco más de un siglo se han separado de ese ideal neofundacional catalizado por los medios de comunicación y convergiendo en el profesionalismo y nacionalismo exacerbado en parangón de los Antiguos, lo que generó su abolición por el emperador hispano Teodosio.

Published
2003
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43. Municipios españoles

Author

Benjamín Hernández Blázquez

Subjects
Municipio, Ayuntamiento, Elecciones, Sociology (General), HM401-1281
Abstract

Un municipio es, según el diccionario de la Real Academia de la Lengua Española, es el conjunto de habitantes de un mismo término jurisdiccional regido por un Ayuntamiento. Desde los tiempos de los romanos se puede hablar de algo parecido a los municipios, tal y como lo entendemos hoy en día. En 2001 en España existían más de 8000 municipios. Su importancia en las elecciones, ya sean nacionales, autonómicas o locales, es vital.

Published
2003
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44. La fiesta

Author

Benjamín Hernández Blázquez

Subjects
Fiesta, festival, celebración, Sociology (General), HM401-1281
Abstract

Proviene del latín festa, emparentado con feria, con el sentido de alegría y regocijo. De la misma raíz son festín, festivo y festival entre otras muchas; según Corominas, se documenta en castellano a principios del siglo XIII. En casi todos los idiomas modernos europeos, su grafía y contenido semántico apenas ha sufrido variación. El Diccionario de la Lengua Española describe sus definiciones, todas con idéntico significado al referido, pero a lo largo del tiempo han dado lugar a múltiples expresiones como: Fiesta de guardar, fiesta de consejo, de precepto, de cabañuelas, reales, de armas, nacional, etc.; asimismo se han conformado acepciones, como celebrar las fiestas, santificar las fiestas, aguar la fiesta o tengamos la fiesta en paz.

Published
2001
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45. Desarrollo de un biopolímero a base de colágeno para aplicaciones automotrices

Author

ROMAN DANIEL ROMERO MITRE, JOSE VICTOR GALAVIZ RODRIGUEZ, BENJAMIN HERNANDEZ TORRES, Raúl Pérez Bustamante, and ISAIAS EMMANUEL GARDUÑO OLVERA

Subjects
Biopolímeros [Palabra clave del autor], Manufactura sustentable [Palabra clave del autor], Tecnología e ingenierías mecánicas [Palabra clave del autor], Biopolymers [Palabra clave del autor], Máquinas herramientas y accesorios [Palabra clave del autor], 3317 [cti], Sustainable manufacture [Palabra clave del autor], Automotive [Palabra clave del autor], 331707 [cti], Automotriz [Palabra clave del autor], 7 [cti], 33 [cti]
Abstract

El tema de investigación de esta tesis es el desarrollo de un material de origen polimérico sustentable proveniente de los huesos y cartílagos de las aves de corral de los cuales se obtiene el colágeno que es esencial para hacer la polimerización por condensación, que pueda ser aplicado en la manufactura de partes automotrices. El problema que se quiere resolver con este trabajo es reducir el impacto que representan las autopartes fabricadas con polímeros de origen fósil desde su obtención, procesamiento hasta su desecho, tal problemática involucra un alto consumo de recursos energéticos en sus primeras etapas del ciclo de vida y un consumo de energía adicional en su reciclaje además de la contaminación ambiental que producen las partes que no se reciclan. Los biopolímeros a base de colágeno no se han usado en autopartes debido a que no se ha considerado el uso de materiales que ayuden a mejorar sus propiedades mecánicas y térmicas. Para resolver este problema se uso el bórax, la grenetina y un retardante a la flama, en conjunto con los parámetros de tiempo y temperatura controlados para obtener las resistencias deseadas. La investigación se realizó en base a los fundamentos de la polimerización que en junto con la metodología diseño de experimentos se logró obtener la mejor combinación de los principales componentes del biopolímero. Los mayores hallazgos fueron la buena resistencia mecánica y térmica del biopolímero ligeramente superior a un polímero de uso automotriz como el polipropileno. La aportación de este trabajo es la obtención de un material amigable con el medio ambiente que cumple con normas automotrices en lo referente a la flamabilidad, envejecimiento y resistencia al calor, el cual se aplicó en el diseño y la manufactura de una cortina automotriz, como una opción al problema de la incandescencia que produce la luz del sol al conducir o de viajar en coche. The investigation theme of this thesis is the development of a material of sustainable polymeric origin coming from poultry bones and cartilage of which obtains the collagen that is essential to make the step condensation in order to apply it in automotive parts manufacturing. The problem that wants to solve with this work is reducing the impact that represents the automotive parts fabricated of fossil origin polymers from their obtaining, processing and disposal, such problem involves a high consumption of energetic resources in their first stages of lifecycle and an additional consumption of energy in their recycling besides of the environmental pollution that produce the automotive part that do not recycle. The biopolymers based on collagen have not used in automotive parts due to it has not considered the using of materials that help theirs mechanical and thermal properties. To solve this problem, it used borax, grenetin and a flame retarder altogether with controlled time and temperature parameters to obtain the desired strengths. The investigation made based on polymerization fundamentals that together with design of experiments methodology, it achieved to get the best combination of the main components of the biopolymer. The major findings were the good mechanical and thermal strength of the biopolymer slightly superior to an automotive polymer like polypropylene. The contribution of this work is the obtaining of an environmental friendly material that meets the automotive standards regarding to flammability, aging and thermal strength, which applied in the design and manufacture of an automotive blind, as an option to the incandescence that sunlight produces when driving or traveling by car.

Published
2019

46. Algoritmo masivamente paralelo de reconocimiento de objetos basado en el paradigma de la corteza visual artificial

Author

Andersen Herrera Hidalgo, Benjamin Hernandez Valencia, and GUSTAVO OLAGUE CABALLERO

Subjects
12 [cti], 1 [cti], 1203 [cti], Reconocimiento de objetos,Corteza visual artificial,Algoritmos paralelos,Arquitectura unificada de dispositivos de cómputo,CUDA,Object recognition,Artificial visual cortex,Parallel algorithm,Compute unified device architecture [Autor]
Abstract

El reconocimiento de objetos en escenas complejas es un campo fértil en el desarrollo de algoritmos usados en la visión por computadora. Es importante desarrollar algoritmos con buena certidumbre en reconocimiento, así como que se calculen con altas velocidades en su proceso, de tal forma que ayuden en tareas de clasificación y detección de objetos en tiempo real. En esta tesis, se presenta la implementación en paralelo del algoritmo de la corteza visual artificial para reconocimiento de objetos. Esta corteza visual artificial es una composición de múltiples algoritmos, que al combinarse en cierto orden, logran la tarea de reconocimiento de objetos, y en conjunto obtienen una precisión de reconocimiento tan buena como la alcanzada en otros trabajos del estado del arte, y se dice que se inspira en la biología de la corteza visual cerebral. El paralelismo implementado se realiza en la unidad de procesamiento gráfico (GPU), a través de CUDA, una extensión de C para realizar cálculos de próposito general en tarjetas gráficas NVIDIA. El procesamiento en tarjetas gráficas brinda aceleración en los cálculos, ya que cuentan con decenas y hasta cientos de procesadores gráficos, a diferencia de los que llega a tener un CPU. Como resultado, los cálculos del algoritmo de la corteza visual artificial, en su mayoría, se aceleran en la GPU. Algunos cálculos, debido a su estructura e independencia de datos, y al uso de memoria caché de la GPU, son hasta 180x más rápido que la versión secuencial de C. La implementación del algoritmo de la corteza visual artificial en GPU, provee un incremento de velocidad de hasta 50x sobre la implementación en C, en tamaños de imagen de hasta 4096X4096 píxeles. Recognizing objects in complex scenes is a fertile field for the development of algorithms used in computer vision. It is important to develop algorithms with good certainty in recognition as well as to be calculated with high speed in the process, so that aid in tasks of classification and object detection in real time. In this thesis, is presented the parallel implementation of the algorithm of artificial visual cortex for object recognition. This visual cortex artificial composition of multiple algorithms, when combined in a certain order, manage the task of object recognition, and together get a recognition accuracy as good as that achieved in other studies of the state of the art, and is said to be inspired by biology of the cerebral visual cortex. The implemented parallelism is performed on the graphics processing unit (GPU) through CUDA, an extension of C for general purpose calculations on NVIDIA graphics cards. Processing acceleration provided by graphics cards in the calculations, as have dozens or even hundreds of graphics processors, as opposed to coming to have a CPU. As a result, the load algorithm of artificial visual cortex, where most are accelerated on the GPU. Some calculations, due to its structure and independence of data, and the use of GPU memory cache, are up to 180x faster than the sequential version of C. The GPU implementation of the visual cortex artificial algorithm, provides a speed increase of up to 50x on C-implementation in image sizes up to 4096X4096 pixels.

Published
2014

47. ¿Dónde está el fotógrafo? Utilizando el álgebra de Grassmann-Cayley

Author

Altamirano Gómez, Gerardo Esteban, Gustavo Olague Caballero, and Benjamin Hernandez Valencia

Subjects
Geometría proyectiva, Coordenadas de Plucker, Cámara fotográfica [Autor], 3304 [cti], 7 [cti], 33 [cti]
Abstract

En los inicios de la invención de la fotografía, las personas se subían a los techos de los edificios para capturar imágenes panorámicas de las ciudades. Una de las preguntas que se hicieron los científicos de la época, a partir del uso de la información que brinda la fotografía, fue: ¿Cómo saber desde que lugar fue tomada? Este se ha convertido en uno de los problemas clásicos dentro de las áreas de fotogrametría y visión por computadora (Grunert, 1841; Haralick et al., 1994; Quan y Lan, 1999). El enfoque más popular para resolver dicho problema, consiste en realizar una calibración basada en un principio geométrico (Faugeras y Toscani, 1986, 1987; Tsai, 1987). Este procedimiento consiste en calcular una matriz de calibración, y a partir de sus parámetros, determinar la posición de la cámara. La desventaja de este enfoque es que los parámetros de la calibración son muy sensibles a cambios de temperatura, choques mecánicos e incluso a un cambio en el enfoque de la lente; lo cual hace necesaria una nueva calibración. Además, la posición de ciertos puntos en la escena debe ser conocida con exactitud. En el presente trabajo, se presenta un método para resolver este problema utilizando un enfoque no-calibrado (Morin, 1993; Criminisi, 2001). Para ésto, se hace uso de propiedades proyectivas ligadas al modelo de proyección de la cámara. Este enfoque permite obtener la posición de la cámara en un espacio tridimensional proyectivo, afín ó Euclideano. En particular, haciendo uso del Algebra de Grassmann-Cayley, se desarrollan las ecuaciones matemáticas que permiten implementar este método en un sistema computacional. Finalmente, se presenta un análisis estadístico de la precisión y exactitud del método presentado, y se realiza una comparación contra los resultados obtenidos con el enfoque calibrado. As soon as photography was invented, some people began to reproduce panoramic photographs of cities. Then, a question arose between some scientists of the nineteenth century: how can we determine, from a photograph, the position of the camera that took the picture? This has turned into a classic problem within photogrammetry and computer vision communities (Grunert, 1841; Haralick et al., 1994; Quan y Lan, 1999). The most popular approach to solve this problem, is a calibrated method (Faugeras y Toscani, 1986, 1987; Tsai, 1987). It consists in calculating a calibration matrix, that models the transformation between the objects within a tridimensional world and their projection on a photograph. Thus, it is said that the parameters of the calibration matrix contains information about the position of the camera; however, they are sensitive to temperature variations, mechanical shocks, or even a small change of focus makes necessary a new calibration. In addition, the position of certain points of the scene must be accurately known. In this work, we present a method to solve this problem using a non-calibrated approach (Morin, 1993; Criminisi, 2001). We model a camera as a projective device, that permits to solve the problem by applying projective geometry properties. On the other hand, this pproach makes possible to calculate the position of the camera in a tridimensional projective, affine, or Euclidean space. In particular, we use the Grassmann-Cayley algebra to develop the equations that make possible to implement our method as a computational system. Finally, we present statistical analysis to evaluate the accuracy and precision of this method, and compare the results with those obtained with the calibrated approach.

Published
2012

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