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Objetivo: descrever e comparar o conhecimento de pais sobre a introdução da alimentação complementar, antes e depois de participarem de palestras e oficinas culinárias sobre o tema. Método: estudo transversal, realizado entre 2018 a 2019, com a participação de mães e um pai, divididos em dois grupos. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados dois questionários, analisados pela estatística descritiva antes e depois da intervenção. Resultados: participaram 41 pais do primeiro grupo, das quais 37 aumentaram de um a cinco pontos de antes e depois da intervenção, e quatro mantiveram a mesma pontuação nas duas avaliações. Das 31 mães do segundo grupo, do pré para o pós-teste, 26 aumentaram de um a seis pontos, duas tiveram escores menores na segunda aplicação, três mantiveram a mesma pontuação e uma acertou todas as questões no pré e no pós-teste. Conclusão: a avaliação pós-intervenção mostrou elevação de conhecimentos acerca da introdução alimentar dos bebês.

O presente trabalho objetiva diferenciar e caracterizar a atuação do psicólogo da saúde e do psicólogo hospitalar, visto que, por vezes, estas áreas se confundem devido às suas semelhanças, sejam elas práticas, teóricas e/ou históricas. Dessa forma, utilizou-se levantamento bibliográfico, no qual foram usados artigos e livros a respeito da psicologia da saúde e da psicologia hospitalar, a fim de caracterizar ambas as áreas, possibilitando maior compreensão das diferenças e semelhanças entre elas. Constatou-se que a psicologia hospitalar é um campo de atuação dentro da psicologia da saúde, sendo esta última mais abrangente.

The performance of cyclists in short terms workouts can be associate with several factors, including the maximal aerobic power (MAP), heart rate (HR) and its kinetics parameters, and the capacity to tolerate maximal efforts to exhaustion (TLimMAP). Thereby, the main of this study was analyze the presumable relation among TLimMAP and performance in a time-trial cycling test of 3 km. (TT3km). Seven cyclists were involved in this study, performing the following tests with a minimum interval of 48h: (1) initial familiarization and anthropometric evaluation, (2) maximal progressive test to exhaustion, (3) TLimMAP and (4) TT3km test. There was a tendency of subjects with higher values to TLimMAP performed the TT3km faster (r = -0,71; p = 0,07). It showed positive correlation among TLimMAP and the first time constant of the heart rate at the beginning of exercise (r = 0,95 e p < 0,01), and negative to TLimMAP and the first time constant of the heart rate recovery (r = -0,67 e p = 0,04). The tendency to association among the TLimMAP and performance at the TT3km indicate that the TLimMAP could be utilized in the assessment of cyclists – although with caveats – since there was not significant correlation. Additional investigations to enlighten the relations among TLimMAP, HR kinetics and performance would characterize a proficuous field of research.

Este artigo tem por objeto as transpermanências que vem se processando na religião e religiosidade Bóe-Bororo. Estudou-se as comunidades das aldeias indígenas Korogedo Páru e Tadarimana, localizadas em Mato Grosso, no período entre 1990 e 2020. A problemática versa sobre uma tensão geracional existente, cujo foco escolhido foi sobre a religião e a religiosidade autóctone com envolvimento das educações étnica e interétnica. O objetivo é descrever as mutações e permanências no Modo de Existir Bóe-Bororo, que estão gerando tais tensões. Buscou-se identificá-las, compreendê-las e analisá-las no contexto histórico atual. A metodologia empregada foi a abordagem etnohistória e antropológica denominada transpermanência. Empregou-se como instrumentos de pesquisa depoimentos e consultas bibliográficas. O resultado conduziu à análise do processo educacional étnico e interétnico, visto que a essência da cosmologia dessa etnia reside nos bakárus. Deles emanam sua organização social e ideologia e, portanto, a religiosidade e a educação étnica dos Bóe-Bororo. Palavras chaves – Religião, Educação, Sociedade Indígena.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a produção enzimática de um éster com atividade antioxidante (galato de isoamila) por esterificação de ácido gálico e álcool isoamílico em meio de solvente (terc-butanol). Oito lipases comerciais de diferentes fontes (microbianas e animal) foram empregadas na forma livre (extratos brutos) como biocatalisadores. As reações foram conduzidas empregando 0,25 mol L-1 de cada reagente (ácido gálico e álcool isoamílico), agitação mecânica de 240 rpm, 40°C, 4 h de reação e 1000 unidades de atividade enzimática baseada na hidrólise da emulsão de azeite de oliva. Os máximos valores de porcentagem de conversão foram obtidos para as preparações de lipase de Pseudomonas fluorescens – LPF (41,5 ± 5,1%) e de pâncreas suíno – LPP (38,4 ± 2,3%), a preparação de lipase testada com menor custo. A produtividade para estes sistemas de reação foi da ordem de 25 µmoles de ácido gálico consumido h-1 U-1. Estes revelam que a aplicação de uma lipase de baixo custo (LPP) pode ser promissora na produção de ésteres com propriedades antioxidantes, uma importante classe de compostos empregados na área de alimentos e cosméticos.

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma descrição das características do Processo de Licitação, sua finalidade princípios e seus tipos bem como o uso do Sistema Sistema Nacional de Pesquisa de Custos e Índices da Construção Civil – SINAPI, como uma ferramenta de contribuição orçamentária das ações de compra de produtos de obra realizada pela Administração com uso de verba pública. Pois toda Administração Pública independente de sua esfera, para exercer sua função e cumprir seus deveres, é imprescindível que o planejamento para a aquisição de seus bens e serviços, ocorram tudo alinhado como determina a Lei. Por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica realizou-se uma revisão em diversos autores, sites oficiais do governo, onde foi possível levantar dados referentes ao tema da pesquisa. Portanto os resultados da pesquisa permitiram identificar que para que o processo licitatório ocorra dentro dos princípios da lei deve deve ser imparcial, e utilizar-se de ferramentas determinadas por leis e decretos para cumprir o papel de orçamento de produtos de obra, e o Sistema de dados SINAPI, se mostrou como uma ferramenta eficaz, para o processo de licitação, no entanto a atualização constante de insumos e valores é imprescindível para que se torne confiável a decisão do processo de contratação tenha sucesso., Bidding, Construction, SINAPI, Public Administration and Budget

There is a paucity of data on the prognosis for patients returning to peritoneal dialysis (PD) after a failed transplant. PD has an advantage over hemodialysis in preserving residual renal function, which is associated with better outcomes. We have reviewed the electronic charts of patients on PD in a tertiary academic hospital for the last 8 years. We have compared technique survival, peritonitis-free survival, and residual diuresis in two groups: patients with graft failure which returned to PD (PD-KTx, N = 18) and patients starting PD for other causes (PD-not KTx, N = 163). The median follow-up was similar between groups [42(16,71) in PD-not KTx vs. 48(22,90) months in PD-KTx, p = 0.293]. Kaplan–Meier survival comparing PD-KTx and PD-not KTx showed no difference in technique survival (p = 0.196), and peritonitis-free survival (log-rank 0.238), which were confirmed in a fully adjusted Cox regression. Diuresis at baseline and at the end of the first year was similar between groups (p = 0.799 and p = 0.354, respectively). Six out of 18 patients from the PD-KTx group had the immunosuppression maintained and none of those had peritonitis. The reduction of diuresis across the first year of PD was significant for all patients, except for those on continued immunosuppressive therapy. PD is a worthy dialysis alternative after a failed kidney transplant, providing similar outcomes when compared to patients who started PD for other reasons.

Purpose Peptic ulcers are lesions in the gastric and duodenal mucosa generated by an imbalance between protective factors (gastroduodenal mucus secretion, bicarbonate production, adequate blood flow) and harmful factors (excess pepsin or hydrochloric acid). Some drugs used in peptic ulcer therapy are associated with adverse effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiulcerogenic and healing activity of hecogenin acetate (HA) in acute and chronic models of gastric lesions in rodents. Methods The antiulcerogenic activity of HA was evaluated in models of gastric lesions induced by absolute ethanol and in acidified ethanol with HA (5; 10 and 20 mg/kg). For the model of gastric lesions induced by ischemia and reperfusion, rats were pre-treated with HA (5; 10, 20 mg/kg). After were submitted to 30 min of ischemia, followed by 1 h of reperfusion. To evaluate the healing activity was induced gastric ulcer using acetic acid (80%) in rats. After 24h they were treated for 7 consecutive days with HA (10 and 20 mg/kg). Results Were evaluated the possible signs of toxicity, measurement of the lesions, collagen deposition and histological analysis. HA significantly reduced the area of the lesion in models of gastric lesions induced by absolute and acidified ethanol, ischemia-induced gastric lesions and reperfusion, and regarding healing. In the collagen deposition, the presence and increase of collagen demonstrates healing effect. Conclusion The AH has antiulcerogenic and healing potential demonstrated by the decrease in gastric injury and presence of collagen fibers, respectively.

The present study aims to produce a mycelium-bound lipase of the fungus Rhizopus oryzae CCT3759 by submerged fermentation in order to be applied as biocatalyst in the hydrolysis of different vegetable oils. Optimal cultivation conditions have been achieved in a medium containing olive oil as inducer for 72 h of fermentation, thus obtaining 30.5 g/L of dry biomass concentration and hydrolytic activity of 389.1 U/g, which corresponds to a total lipase activity around of 12,000 U/L. Maximum hydrolytic activity was observed at pH 6.0 and 40 °C. Kinetic parameters concerning apparent Michaelis–Menten constant (Km = 50.5 mM) and maximum reaction rate (Vmax = 815.4 µmol/g min) have been determined in olive oil emulsion hydrolysis. Thermal stability tests revealed that the enzyme retained 75% of its initial activity after 4 h at 50 °C, whose thermal inactivation constant (Kd) and half-life (t1/2) was 0.073 h−1 and 9.4 h, respectively. The effect of biocatalyst concentration, expressed as activity units—U (200 and 400 U), on the hydrolysis of vegetable oils was investigated under fixed conditions: oil/buffer mass ratio of 25% (m/m), 100 mM buffer sodium phosphate pH 6.0, 40 °C and the mechanical stirring frequency of 600 rpm. As expected, increasing the initial activity from 200 to 400 U leads to higher values of initial reaction rates and hydrolysis percentage. However, initial reaction rate values were similar for six different vegetable oils due to the high accessibility of the lipase to the substrate under such experimental conditions. A complete hydrolysis of olive, cottonseed, sunflower and canola oils has been achieved after 26–30 h of reaction using 400 U of activity. These results suggest a promising application of the produced biocatalyst in the production of free fatty acids, an important class of compounds for oleochemical industries.

Peritoneal equilibration test (PET) is the gold standard for evaluating peritoneal transport, and measurement of the drain volume after 4-h dwell time with glucose 4.25% is a simple means of evaluating failure of ultrafiltration. The study objective was to verify if the measurement of the volume drained after 4 h dwell of icodextrin at 7.5% (ICO), has a better correlation with the parameters of PET. Patients in a peritoneal dialysis program (N = 35) underwent three procedures: PET; determination of the drain volume after a 4-h dwell with glucose 4.25%; and determination of the drain volume after a 4-h dwell with ICO. Among patients who were classified as high transporters, the ultrafiltration volume was greater after ICO use. The ICO ultrafiltration volume correlated negatively with the ratio between the 4- and 0-h dialysate glucose concentrations (D4/D0 ratio, r = -0.579; P = 0.002), correlating positively with the dialysate-to-plasma ratio for creatinine (D/PCr ratio, r = 0.474; P = 0.002). For ICO, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.867 and 0.792 for the D/PCr and D4/D0 ratios (P

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:50:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-01-01 The Latin American Society of Nephrology and Hypertension conducted a prospective cohort, multinational registry of Latin American patients with kidney impairment associated to COVID-19 infection with the objective to describe the characteristics of acute kidney disease under these circumstances. The study was carried out through open invitation in order to describe the characteristics of the disease in the region. Eight-hundred and seventy patients from 12 countries were included. Median age was 63 years (54-74), most of patients were male (68.4%) and with diverse comorbidities (87.2%). Acute kidney injury (AKI) was hospital-acquired in 64.7% and non-oliguric in 59.9%. Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) due to COVID-19 and volume depletion were the main factors contributing to AKI (59.2% and 35.7% respectively). Kidney replacement therapy was started in 46.2%. Non-recovery of renal function was observed in 65.3%. 71.5% of patients were admitted to ICU and 72.2% underwent mechanical ventilation. Proteinuria at admission was present in 62.4% of patients and proteinuria during hospital-stay occurred in 37.5%. Those patients with proteinuria at admission had higher burden of comorbidities, higher baseline sCr, and MODS was severe. On the other hand, patients with de novo proteinuria had lower incidence of comorbidities and near normal sCr at admission, but showed adverse course of disease. COVID-19 MODS was the main cause of AKI in both groups. All-cause mortality of the general population was 57.4%, and it was associated to age, sepsis as cause of AKI, severity of condition at admission, oliguria, mechanical ventilation, non-recovery of renal function, in-hospital complications and hospital stay. In conclusion, our study contributes to a better knowledge of this condition and highlights the relevance of the detection of proteinuria throughout the clinical course. Department of Nephrology Universidad de la República Clinical Hospital of Botucatu School Medicine HCFMB University of Sao Paulo State UNESP Hospital Obrero #2-C. N.S. School of Medicine Universidad Mayor de San Simón Universidad Simón Bolívar Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza Servicio de Nefrología School of Medicine University of São Paulo Division of Nephrology Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Departamento de Nefrología Hospital General de Agudos Dr Cosme Argerich Serviço de Nefrología, Jau Santa Casa de Jau Department of Nephrology Hospital Provincial Nefrologia Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro Internal Medicine University of Rio de Janeiro Nephrology Hospital Universitario Dr JoséEleuterio González Centros de Diagnóstico y Medicina Avanzada Servicio de Nefrología Hospital Italiano Departamento de Medicina Interna Salud Renal MSP Department of Nephrology Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Servicio de Nefrología Hospital Español Departamento de Nefrología Hospital de Especialidades de las Fuerzas Armadas Servicio de Nefrología y Diálisis Hospital Rojas Nephrology School of Medicine University of São Paulo Hospital Federal Cardozo Fontes Universidade de Sá Departamento de Nefrología Hospital Regional General Dr Carlos Mac Gregor Sanchez Navarro Departamento de Nefrología Hospital de Pediatría CMN Siglo XXI Department of Nephrology School of Medicine University of Sao Paulo Centro Infantil del Riñón, Tucumán Hospital Regional de Ica Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue Clinical Hospital of Botucatu School Medicine HCFMB University of Sao Paulo State UNESP

Hypokalemia is a well-described electrolyte disturbance in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Hyperkalemia, however, is still overlooked, although it also represents a risk factor for mortality. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ACE/ARB), diuretics, and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) can interfere with potassium levels in these patients. This is a retrospective study that evaluated monthly serum potassium in a 5-year period. Serum potassium disturbances were evaluated as time-average and number of hypo- and hyperkalemia episodes per patient. Prescribed medication such as ACE/ARB, diuretics, and omeprazole were recorded. We evaluated 2025 potassium measurements obtained from 146 patients on PD. Serum potassium ranged from 2.5 to 8.3 mEq/L with an average of 4.72 ± 0.74 mEq/L. Hypokalemia was found in 59 measurements (2.9%) obtained from 35 patients (23.9%) whereas hyperkalemia was demonstrated in 269 (13.3%) measurements obtained from 74 patients (50.7%). Hypokalemia was associated with low albumin (p = 0.022), and omeprazole use (p = 0.024). Black race was a protector factor (p = 0.031). Omeprazole-associated hypokalemia was seen only in non-anuric patients and remained an independent risk factor even after adjustments. Patients who had hyperkalemia were more likely to be anuric (p = 0.001) and in use of furosemide (p = 0.0001). Hyperkalemia and hypokalemia are very frequent in patients on PD and should be closely monitored. Interventional studies should address the impact of discontinuing omeprazole in the levels of potassium.

Este trabalho apresenta uma reflexão sobre as políticas públicas de inclusão da pessoa com surdez nas escolas públicas regulares de Ensino Fundamental, considerando os limites e os avanços das políticas educacionais inclusivas para a acessibilidade linguística. Buscamos, mais especificamente, discutir sobre as políticas públicas da educação do surdo no Brasil e compreender a relação entre políticas públicas e a acessibilidade linguística, considerando os avanços e limites das políticas de educação do surdo para a acessibilidade linguística. Nosso aporte teórico está embasado em autores como Quadros e Karnopp (2004), Gesser (2009), Skliar (2017), dentre outros que tratam da Libras como língua natural do surdo. A pesquisa se constitui em estudo bibliográfico, pois está pautada em estudos científicos já realizados e apresenta um diálogo aprofundado com as teorias. Resultados apontam que há evidências de avanços na acessibilidade linguística, proporcionada por propostas que compõem as políticas públicas da educação do surdo, desde a aprovação das leis até a presença do intérprete em sala de aula. Apontam ainda, que há alguns limites em relação à acessibilidade linguística, a exemplo da ausência de intérprete, na maioria das salas de aula da educação infantil, a falta de intérprete para atender toda a demanda e a ausência de um currículo que considere a cultura surda, a identidade surda e compreenda o artefato linguístico como primordial para o desenvolvimento do sujeito.

Nephrotic syndrome may be the first clinical manifestation of neoplasms, such as paraneoplastic syndrome. Several studies have been identified the association of cancer with nephrotic syndrome, although laboratory and histological markers that correlate the presence of NS and melanoma, are still needed.

ATRX-DAXX-H3.3 chromatin remodeler complex is a well known epigenetic factor responsible for the heterochromatin maintenance and control. ATRX is an important nucleosome controller, especially in tandem repeat regions, and DAXX is a multi-function protein with particular role in histone H3.3 deposition due to its chaperone characteristic. Abnormalities in this complex have been associated with telomere dysfunction and consequently with activation of alternative lengthening of telomeres mechanism, genomic instability, and tumor progression in different types of cancer. However, the characterization of this complex is still incomplete in meningioma. We analyzed ATRX, DAXX and H3.3 expressions and the telomere length in a cohort of meningioma of different malignant grades. We observed ATRX upregulation at gene and protein levels in grade II/III meningiomas. A low variability of telomere length was observed in meningiomas across different ages and malignant grades, in contrast to the shortening of telomere length with aging in normal controls.

Background: Patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) exhibit increased levels of uremic toxins, which are associated with poor outcomes. Recently, new dialysis membranes have allowed clearance of solutes with higher molecular weight, without significant albumin losses high-retention-onset-HD (HRO-HD). Methods: Prospective crossover trial, in which 16 prevalent patients switched from high-flux HD (HF-HD) to online hemodiafiltration (olHDF) and HRO-HD for 4 weeks. The following variables were evaluated: pre- and post-dialysis serum concentrations of albumin, urea, phosphate (P), beta-2 microglobulin (β2M), and total mass (TM) extraction and dialyzer clearance of urea, P, and β2M. Results: Comparing HF-HD, olHDF, and HRO-HD, respectively, there were no differences regarding pre-dialysis serum concentrations of albumin (3.94 ± 0.36, 4.06 ± 0.22, and 3.93 ± 0.41 g/dL, p = 0.495), urea (166 ± 29, 167 ± 30, and 164 ± 27 mg/dL, p = 0.971), P (4.9 ± 2.1, 5.2 ± 1.6, and 4.9 ± 2.1 mg/dL, p = 0.879), and β2M (31.3 ± 7.1, 32.6 ± 8.6, and 33.7 ± 5.9 µg/mL, p = 0.646). β2M clearance was significantly lower in HF-HD in comparison to both olHDF and HRO-HD: 43 (37–53) versus 64 (48–85) mL/min, p = 0.013, and 69 (58–86) mL/min, p = 0.015, respectively. Post-dialysis β2M serum concentration was higher in HF-HD in comparison to olHDF and HRO-HD: 11.6 (9.6–12.4) vs. 5.7 (4.5–7.0) µg/mL, p = 0.001, and 5.6 (5.3–7.6) µg/mL, p = 0.001, respectively. TM extraction of urea, P, and β2M were similar across the 3 dialysis modalities. Conclusions: olHDF and HRO-HD were superior to HF-HD regarding β2M clearance, leading to lower post-dialysis β2M levels.

Grafting has been considered an important tool to produce tomato in adverse environments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop grafting protocols for tomato on rootstocks of Jilo, Cocona and Jurubeba. The work was carried out in a randomized block design, in a factorial scheme (3x2) + 1 with three grafting methods (slant-cut grafting, cleft grafting and splice grafting), combined with two graft ages and rootstocks (depending on the species), and the control. The rootstocks for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cv. Santa Clara were: 1) Jilo (S. gilo) cv. Comprido Grande Rio; 2) Cocona (S. sessiliflorum) and 3) Jurubeba (S. jamaicense). The methods were individually studied and the graft length (GL); chlorophyll ‘a’ and chlorophyll ‘b’ in pre and post-grafting; graft diameter (GD), pre-grafting and tissue union of the grafted individuals through the assignment of grades were evaluated. Seven days after grafting, evaluations of grafted plants were performed. It was possible to establish a grafting protocol for all the combinations. The rootstock of Cocona provided greater vigor to ‘Santa Clara’ tomato graft. The cleft grafting technique can be indicated as the most effective for tomato grafting on the studied Solanaceae species. RESUMO A enxertia tem sido citada por inúmeros pesquisadores como importante ferramenta a ser adotada para a produção de tomateiro em ambientes com condições adversas para a cultura. Baseado nisso, objetivou-se desenvolver protocolos de enxertia para o tomateiro sobre porta-enxertos de jiló, cubiu e jurubeba. O trabalho foi conduzido no delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial (3x2) + 1, sendo três métodos de enxertia (bisel com grafite, fenda cheia e inglês simples), combinados com duas idades de enxertos e porta-enxertos (dependendo da espécie), além do pé-franco. Os porta-enxertos para o tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum) cv. Santa Clara foram: 1) jiloeiro (S. gilo) cv. Comprido Grande Rio; 2) cubieiro (S. sessiliflorum) e 3) jurubebeira (S. jamaicense). Estes foram estudados individualmente, sendo avaliados os comprimentos do enxerto (CE); clorofila ‘a’ e clorofila ‘b’ em pré e pós-enxertia; diâmetro do enxerto (DE) em pré-enxertia e, pegamento dos indivíduos enxertados através da atribuição de notas. As avaliações das plantas enxertadas foram realizadas aos sete dias após a enxertia. Com base nos resultados obtidos foi possível estabelecer um protocolo de enxertia para todas as combinações avaliadas. Os porta-enxertos de cubieiro proporcionaram maior vigor ao enxerto de tomateiro ‘Santa Clara’. A técnica fenda cheia pode ser indicada como a mais efetiva para a enxertia de tomateiro nas espécies de solanáceas estudadas.

Alternative strategies are required to develop the optimized production of fatty acids using biocatalysis; molecular docking and response surface methodology are efficient tools to achieve this goal. In the present study, we demonstrate a novel and robust methodology for the sustainable production of fatty acids from Moringa oleifera Lam oil using lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis (without the presence of emulsifiers or buffer solutions). Seven commercial lipases from Candida rugosa (CRL), Burkholderia cepacia (BCL), Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL), Rhizopus niveus (RNL), Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFL), Mucor javanicus (MJL), and porcine pancreas (PPL) were used as biocatalysts. Initial screening showed that CRL had the highest hydrolytic activity (hydrolysis degree of 81%). Molecular docking analysis contributed to the experimental results, showing that CRL displays more stable binding free energy with oleic acid (C18:1), which is the fatty acid of highest concentration in Moringa oleifera Lam oil. To evaluate and optimize the hydrolysis process, response surface methodology (RSM) was used. The effect of temperature, mass ratio oil:water, and hydrolytic activity on enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated by central composite design using RSM. Under the optimized conditions (temperature of 37 °C, mass ratio oil:water of 25%, and hydrolytic activity of 550 U goil -1 ), the maximum hydrolysis degree (100%) was achieved. The present study provides a robust method for the enzymatic hydrolysis of different oils for efficient and sustainable fatty acid production.

Intercropping is a management strategy for the sustainability of agricultural systems, and is suitable for the production of vegetables. Kale is predominantly grown singly, but field observations have indicated that this crop has satisfactory productive potential when grown in intercrops with other vegetables. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance and biological efficiency of kale plants intercropped with spice species. The experiment was carried out at the Didactic Horta of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, state of Ceará, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five replications. The treatments consisted of kale grown singly and intercropped with spice species (chives, coriander, basil, and parsley) and these spice species grown singly. The fresh and dry weights of the kale leaves, and the shoot of the spice species were evaluated. The biological efficiency was evaluated by the land use efficiency index (LUE), relative contribution of the kale crop to the LUE, area time equivalent ratio, and system productivity index. The intercropping of kale with parsley resulted in the highest fresh, and dry weights of kale leaves, showing the highest agronomic efficiency. A consorciação de culturas é uma estratégia de manejo que visa a sustentabilidade dos agrossistemas, sendo adequada à produção de hortaliças. A couve é preponderantemente manejada sob cultivo solteiro, mas observações de campo tem indicado que a cultura tem potencial produtivo satisfatório quando cultivada em consórcio com outras hortaliças. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se o desempenho produtivo e a eficiência biológica do consórcio de couve com espécies condimentares. O experimento foi realizado na Horta didática da Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza - CE. Os tratamentos consistiram do cultivo de couve solteira e consorciada com espécies condimentares (cebolinha, coentro, manjericão e salsa), bem como seus respectivos cultivos solteiros. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições. Avaliou-se as massas fresca e seca das folhas de couve e da parte aérea para as espécies condimentares. A eficiência biológica foi avaliada pelo índice de uso eficiente da terra, contribuição relativa da cultura de couve ao UET, razão de área equivalente no tempo e índice de produtividade do sistema. O consórcio com salsa resultou nas maiores produções de massas fresca e seca de folhas de couve, mostrando-se com a maior eficiência agronômica.

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension is directly linked to the functional and / or structural changes of the target organs, thus increasing the risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases. In this context, the quality of life of elderly hypertensive patients is directly affected by the population's lack of knowledge and awareness about the disease and the importance of adherence to drug treatment. Objective: To identify in the literature the factors that influence elderly people with arterial hypertension to not adhere to drug treatment. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review carried out from February to April 2020 in the following databases: Nursing Database, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online and Scientific Electronic Library Online. Used the elderly descriptors, hypertension and medication adherence. Results: The literature has shown that several factors can contribute to adherence or not to the treatment of arterial hypertension, with emphasis on those related to the disease, treatment, the patient, psychosocial aspects, beliefs, lifestyle, institution and the relationship with the health team. Conclusion: The research findings reinforce the importance of implementing strategies that aim to contribute to the development of attitudes that collaborate with good practices of adherence to the pharmacological treatment of hypertensive elderly people. Introducción: La hipertensión arterial sistémica está directamente relacionada con los cambios funcionales y / o estructurales de los órganos diana, aumentando así el riesgo de desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares. En este contexto, la calidad de vida de los ancianos hipertensos se ve directamente afectada por el desconocimiento y conciencia de la población sobre la enfermedad y la importancia de la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico. Objetivo: Identificar en la literatura los factores que influyen en las personas mayores con hipertensión arterial para que no adhieran al tratamiento farmacológico. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora realizada de febrero a abril de 2020 en las siguientes bases de datos: Base de datos de enfermería, Literatura latinoamericana y caribeña en ciencias de la salud, Sistema de análisis y recuperación de literatura médica en línea y Biblioteca electrónica científica en línea. Se utilizaron los descriptores de edad avanzada, hipertensión y adherencia a la medicación. Resultados: La literatura ha demostrado que varios factores pueden contribuir a la adherencia o no al tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial, con énfasis en los relacionados con la enfermedad, el tratamiento, el paciente, los aspectos psicosociales, las creencias, el estilo de vida, la institución y la relación con la salud. equipo. Conclusión: Los hallazgos de la investigación refuerzan la importancia de implementar estrategias que tengan como objetivo contribuir al desarrollo de actitudes que colaboren con las buenas prácticas de adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico de los ancianos hipertensos. Introdução: A Hipertensão arterial sistêmica está diretamente ligada às alterações funcionais e/ou estruturais dos órgãos-alvos, aumentando assim o risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. Nesse contexto, a qualidade de vida dos idosos hipertensos é diretamente afetada pela ausência de conhecimento e conscientização da população sobre a doença e a importância da adesão do tratamento medicamentoso. Objetivo: Identificar na literatura os fatores que influenciam os idosos com hipertensão arterial a não aderir ao tratamento medicamentoso. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada no período de fevereiro a abril de 2020 nas seguintes bases de dados: Base de Dados de Enfermagem, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online e Scientific Electronic Library Online. Utilizou os descritores idosos, hipertensão e adesão à medicação. Resultados: A literatura demonstrou que vários fatores podem contribuir para a adesão ou não ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial, destacando-se entre eles os relativos à doença, ao tratamento, ao paciente, aos aspectos psicossociais, às crenças, aos hábitos de vida, à instituição e ao relacionamento com a equipe de saúde. Conclusão: Os achados da pesquisa reforçam a importância da implementação de estratégias que visam contribuir para o desenvolvimento de atitudes que colaborem com boas práticas de adesão ao tratamento farmacológico dos idosos hipertensos.

Objective: to identify the pharmacological activities of ba-curi butter (Platonia insignis Mart.). Methods: an integra-tive review, carried out in the databases of Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and SCOPUS, without the time and language restriction. The se-lection consisted of 13 pre-clinical trials. The information assessment descriptively took place, comparing with the pertinent findings. Results: it was observed that 50.0% of the publications were indexed in MEDLINE/PubMed, most publications were from England (61.5%), followed by Bra-zil and the United States, both with 13.3%. It is noteworthy that 100.0% of the articles were pre-clinical trials; pharma-cological activities for antioxidants (38.4%) and antileish-manicides (30.7%). It was found that 38.4% of the trials presented toxicity tests. Conclusion:bacuri butter (Platonia insignis Mart.) Showed pharmacological activities in pre-cli-nical trials, such as antioxidants, antileshimaniasis, anticon-vulsant and wound healing. Objetivo: identificar as atividades farmacológicas da man-teiga de bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.). Métodos: revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados Literatura Latino--americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, ME-DLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library eSCOPUS, sem delimitação temporal e de idioma. A seleção se consti-tuiu de 13 ensaios pré-clínicos. A avaliação das informações ocorreu de forma descritiva, confrontando com os achados pertinentes. Resultados: observou-se que 50,0% das publi-cações foram indexadas na MEDLINE/PubMed, maioria das publicações ocorreram na Inglaterra (61,5%), seguidas do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos, ambos com 13,3%. Destaca-se que 100,0% dos artigos foram ensaios pré-clínicos; ativida-des farmacológicas para antioxidante (38,4%) e antileish-manicidas (30,7%). Registrou-se que 38,4% dos ensaios apresentaram testes de toxicidade. Conclusão: a manteiga de bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.) apresentou atividades farmacológicas em ensaios pré-clínicos, como antioxidan-tes, antileshimaniose, anticonvulsivante e cicatrização de feridas.

— The current preference of costumers for natural and healthy products is increasing the employment of biotechnological processes that use enzymes, and the synthesis of esters is an example of this change. However, enzymes are high-cost product, which stimulates research in finding solutions that make them more economically attractive, like immobilization. This work aimed to use different protocols for immobilizing lipase and its application in ester synthesis. The results showed that Pseudomonas fluorences lipase (AKL) was the most efficient for immobilization among other studied lipases (Pseudomonas fluorences lipase (AKL), Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (PSL), Hog Pancreas lipase (PHL), Pancreas Porcinas lipase (PPL), and Mucor Javanicus lipase (MJL)), with hydrolytic activity of 3323.6 U/g. Both immobilization methods (physical adsorption and entrapment) showed promising results towards hydrolytic activity. The best immobilization by adsorption was obtained using AKL onto PHB (polyhydroxybutyrate), with 698.61 U/g of hydrolytic activity. For entrapment, AKL also presented the best result, with 247.30 U/g of hydrolytic activity. For the synthesis of ester, after a 60 h-reaction using the immobilized derivatives by physical adsorption, the esterification yield was 74.26 %. In terms of hydrolytic activity, the employed protocols were very promising and encourage the continuity of this study towards the optimization of processes using industrial lipases.