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Objective: The purpose of the study is to assess parents’ experiences and associate demographic characteristics of parents and children with temper tantrum behavior characteristics of preschool children. Methods: A descriptive survey approach was used to conduct this study. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was adopted to recruit 121 parents of children aged between 3-6 years visiting a selected tertiary care hospital in India. All parents completed the parents’ experience of temper tan- trums in the children’s questionnaire. The analysis of results was carried out on IBM SPSS Software version 23.0. Results: A moderate level of temper tantrums showed on the mother’s age, education, occupation, marital status, program attendance, and medical and mental illness in the family, whereas a family’s monthly income above 50,000 indicated a severe level of temper tantrums, and half of the children ex- perienced tantrum behavior to get the attention of their parents, hungry and tired. The most frequently reported tantrum behavior was throwing things and hitting parents and siblings, and most tantrums occurred in public places and in vehicles. The majority of the parents adopted strategies to distract their child’s attention by helping the child talk about the causes of anger. A significant association was found between temper tantrum behavior and demographic characteristics of the marital status of parents (x2 = 15.340, p = 0.002) and the awareness program attended regarding temper tantrums in children (x2 = 4.491, p = 0.034). Conclusion: As temper tantrums peak in the toddler age group, the present study found that parental involvement is a necessity to manage temper tantrums in preschoolers as well. The main parent’s strategies to control the tantrum were distraction of child attention and helped them to talk about the causes of tantrum. Therefore, the study emphasizes the necessity of the involvement of parents and family members.

Introduction: Children become fearful, frightened, or unhappy when they attend the hospital. Art intervention can support their capacity to take responsibility and make decisions. It assists children and their families to explore and express their emotional reactions to the hospital admission, which can be difficult to explain. Aim: To find the effectiveness of family centred art intervention on anxiety among hospitalised children in selected tertiary care hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Department of Paediatric, Yenepoya Medical College and Hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India, from December 20, 2021, to April 10, 2022. A non probability purposive sampling technique was used to enlist study participants, who were then divided into the intervention (n=35) and control (n=35) groups. The level of anxiety was assessed on the first day of admission. Diversional activities were given to the hospitalised child in interventional group, for the first three days of admission, for a duration of 35-45 minutes per day and control group received routine care. The data was collected using the demographic performa, RMS (Raghavendra, Madhuri, Sujatha) pictorial scale and a parent report on their child’s anxiety. A post-test was done each day 30 minutes after the intervention. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Bonferroni posthoc test, Independent t-test and Chi-square-test were used for statistical analysis. Result: A total of 70 hospitalised children, aged between four to eight years, were split into two groups. There were 35 participants per group. The majority of the intervention group (25.7%) were seven-year-old, while the majority of the control group (34.3%) were four-year-old. A 60% of the intervention group participants and 74.3% of the control group participants were males, respectively. A comparison of anxiety scores at different points in the intervention group showed a significant decrease from pretest to post-test (p-value 0.05), while at all the posttests, the difference in the anxiety level of children between groups was significant (p-value

Introduction: A quality night sleep is essential for physical, cognitive, and emotional well-being. The amount of sleep may have an effect on both weight and metabolism. In India, for the last few years, decline in sleep duration has been noted with an average sleep duration of 7 hours per night and one-third sleeping less than 7 hours per night. Televisions and smartphones which came into households as remarkable source of information and entertainment has caused the voluntary sleep restriction. Aim: To evaluate the sleep quality, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Blood Pressure (BP) of the healthcare students and also to find the correlation of sleep quality with BMI and BP. Material and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 138 healthy males and females healthcare students residing in hostel premises of Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, India from November to December 2021. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires administered to assess the sleep quality by adding the seven components of PSQI score ranging from 0 to 21. A weighing scale, sphygmomanometer, and stadiometer instruments were used to record the weight, BP, and height. Data were computed in International Business Management (IBM) Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23.0 to analyse descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean age in present study was 23±0.72 years and 71 (51.4%) belonged to 22-23 years, majority 112 (81.2%) were female students. In present study, moderately obese students (33.15±0.72) and severely obese (35.39±0.10) had mean sleep score of 6.00±3.46 and 11 respectively indicating poor sleep quality. The underweight (16.91±1.17), normal weight (21.49±2.04) and overweight (26.49±1.48) had mean sleep score of 3.08±1.62, 3.08±1.12 and 4.66±3.05 respectively, which indicated good sleep quality. Students with hypotension, normal BP and hypertension stage-1 showed mean sleep score of 3.52, 2.71 and 4.77 respectively, showing good sleep quality. A statistically significant positive correlation of BMI was found with SBP (r-value 0.273, p-value 0.001) and DBP (r-value 0.181, p-value 0.033). Conclusion: BMI and BP were positively correlated with sleep quality. Therefore, creating awareness among healthcare students on healthy lifestyles such as exercise, healthy sleep and regular health supervision is essential to prevent pre-hypertension and maintain normal BMI status.

The nanorods of all-inorganic lead-free perovskite cesium titanium bromide (CsTiBr3) are synthesized by solvothermal method for the first time. The thermogravimetric analysis reveals that there are no phase transition and crystallization processes for a temperature range of 25–700°C. The CsTiBr3 perovskite nanorods exhibit excellent photocatalytic degradation of congo red (CR) dye. The CR dye has complete degradation within 60 min under direct sunlight exposure using 5 mg of CsTiBr3 as a catalyst. The XRD analysis of the catalyst after photocatalytic degradation ensures the reusability of CsTiBr3.The complete removal of organic components of the dye is confirmed by COD analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Children become fearful, frightened, or unhappy when they attend the hospital. Art intervention can support their capacity to take responsibility and make decisions. It assists children and their families to explore and express their emotional reactions to the hospital admission, which can be difficult to explain. Aim: To find the effectiveness of family centred art intervention on anxiety among hospitalised children in selected tertiary care hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Department of Paediatric, Yenepoya Medical College and Hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India, from December 20, 2021, to April 10, 2022. A non probability purposive sampling technique was used to enlist study participants, who were then divided into the intervention (n=35) and control (n=35) groups. The level of anxiety was assessed on the first day of admission. Diversional activities were given to the hospitalised child in interventional group, for the first three days of admission, for a duration of 35-45 minutes per day and control group received routine care. The data was collected using the demographic performa, RMS (Raghavendra, Madhuri, Sujatha) pictorial scale and a parent report on their child's anxiety. A post-test was done each day 30 minutes after the intervention. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Bonferroni posthoc test, Independent t-test and Chi-square-test were used for statistical analysis. Result: A total of 70 hospitalised children, aged between four to eight years, were split into two groups. There were 35 participants per group. The majority of the intervention group (25.7%) were seven-year-old, while the majority of the control group (34.3%) were four-year-old. A 60% of the intervention group participants and 74.3% of the control group participants were males, respectively. A comparison of anxiety scores at different points in the intervention group showed a significant decrease from pretest to post-test (p-value <0.05). The control group showed no difference (p-value>0.05), while at all the posttests, the difference in the anxiety level of children between groups was significant (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: In present study, family centered art intervention significantly reduced the anxiety among children in intervention group as compared to control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perovskites with ABX3 structure is commonly known as halide perovskites if X anion is a halide(X = Cl, Br, I). The lead free halide perovskite of CsTiBr3 is a stable and wide bandgap semiconductor. In the present work all-inorganic perovskite of pure and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) doped CsTiBr3 is synthesized by solvothermal method. The XRD analysis confirms the formation of CsTiBr3. The Raman spectrum shows that the doping agent GO exist as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in the doped sample. Each grains of the sample are formed by spherical balls of closely packed nanorods. Structural modification could achieve through rGO doping. The scattered nanorods of CsTiBr3 which are not participating in spherical ball formation are wrapped up by the sheets of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in the doped sample. The two dimensional sheet like structure and the semiconducting nature of rGO enhances the electrical properties of CsTiBr3. The conductivity of the CsTiBr3 has been improved and the activation energy dropped from 3.1 kJ/mol to 2.06 kJ/mol by 0.5% rGO doping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of the study is to assess parents' experiences and associate demographic characteristics of parents and children with temper tantrum behavior characteristics of preschool children. Methods: A descriptive survey approach was used to conduct this study. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was adopted to recruit 121 parents of children aged between 3-6 years visiting a selected tertiary care hospital in India. All parents completed the parents' experience of temper tantrums in the children's questionnaire. The analysis of results was carried out on IBM SPSS Software version 23.0. Results: A moderate level of temper tantrums showed on the mother's age, education, occupation, marital status, program attendance, and medical and mental illness in the family, whereas a family's monthly income above 50,000 indicated a severe level of temper tantrums, and half of the children experienced tantrum behavior to get the attention of their parents, hungry and tired. The most frequently reported tantrum behavior was throwing things and hitting parents and siblings, and most tantrums occurred in public places and in vehicles. The majority of the parents adopted strategies to distract their child's attention by helping the child talk about the causes of anger. A significant association was found between temper tantrum behavior and demographic characteristics of the marital status of parents (x2 = 15.340, p = 0.002) and the awareness program attended regarding temper tantrums in children (x2 = 4.491, p = 0.034). Conclusion: As temper tantrums peak in the toddler age group, the present study found that parental involvement is a necessity to manage temper tantrums in preschoolers as well. The main parent's strategies to control the tantrum were distraction of child attention and helped them to talk about the causes of tantrum. Therefore, the study emphasizes the necessity of the involvement of parents and family members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Child rearing is a generic term that refers to the upbringing of children by providing them with food, shelter, and clothing and encircled with socialization, shaping their personality, character, talents, cultural and moral values as well as their physical and emotional well-being. Research studies in India indicate that fathers are participating in children's lives in many ways, and are far from being uninvolved., Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among school-going children aged between 11-15 years at a selected school, Mangaluru in January 2022. Ninety-six study participants were recruited using a disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-structured four-point Likert scale under six domains. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics., Results: The study results revealed that 84.6% had poor perception and 16.4% had good perception regarding paternal involvement in child-rearing. There was a significant association found between the educational status of the father and the type of family with perception score, at P < 0.05 level of significance., Conclusion: This study concluded that, even though fathers are more contributing, the children of the newer generation could not understand their father's involvement in their lives., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Education and Health Promotion.)