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Given the increasing damage effect of climate change, the Canadian government has taken a further step to ensure that carbon pricing is implemented in all provinces to reduce its GHGs emissions as a means of addressing climate change. Thus, this paper examines the effect of carbon pricing on energy consumption which is the main source of CO2 emission to enhance our understanding beyond carbon-pricing effects on households and revenue recycling in the prior research. Our study analyzes the energy efficiency of Canada using the province-level data between 2000 and 2021, by developing an SFA production model to understand the drivers of energy consumption and then compute the total factor energy efficiency index while controlling for the role of carbon pricing. Our empirical results reveal that increased labor input, as well as output, mitigate the rising capital-induced energy consumption, while carbon pricing policy plays no significant role in influencing energy consumption. However, the effectiveness of carbon pricing is found in reducing province-level energy efficiency. This striking evidence suggests that policymakers should consider a labor-oriented energy saving scheme and conduct a comprehensive review of the current carbon pricing policy in order to align with energy efficiency interventions toward the achievement of Canada's Paris Agreement targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper relates the philosophical concept of ‘vital force,’ translated and globalized from the book Bantu Philosophy by Belgian missionary Placide Tempels, to the Bantu and Yorùbá concepts of ntu and àsẹ as conceptual ancestors, arguing that (i) although Tempels in his book did not claim anything other than to understand the philosophy of Bantu peoples, (ii) intercultural connections/crossovers with the philosophy of other African peoples can still be established. Thus, we respond to debates around the concept’s generalizing potential and colonial burden, showing lines of conceptual descent in which living structures of meaning become interconnected with abstracted translations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article concerns the idea that film philosophy and adaptation share a root in divinity and orality that is unraveled through the mysteries of Òrúnmìlà (the Yorùbá god of divination, knowledge, and wisdom). In this essay, I discuss film philosophy, in the Nigerian context, by examining Half of a Yellow Sun (dir. Biyi Bandele, 2013, Nigeria and United Kingdom), a film adaptation of Chimamanda Adichie's novel of the same title, through the philosophical lens of Òrúnmìlà epistemic reproduction. In the film, I argue that the knowledge of Yorùbá/Òrúnmìlà representational philosophy in Bandele's consciousness is employed in advancing a national agenda and thus deviates from Adichie's emphasis on Igbo cause in her novel. Given the example of Bandele, a Yoruba writer and filmmaker, this article argues that some art creators are inspired by their worldview. It develops a new take on film philosophy and adaptation via orality and divinity and establishes the ancient Òrúnmìlà epistemic reproduction as an alternative framework for film philosophy and adaptation in Africa and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]