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5. Source mantle heterogeneity and its role in the genesis of Late Archaean--Proterozoic (2.7-1.0 Ga) and Mesozoic (200 and 130 Ma) tholeiitic magmatism in the South American Platform

Author

Iacumin, M., De Min, A., Piccirillo, E.M., and Bellieni G.

Subjects
South America -- Natural history, Magmatism -- Research, Basalt -- Composition, Earth sciences
Abstract

A comparative study of Precambrian and Mesozoic tholeiitic basalt magmatism from the South American Platform reveals that both Late Archaean--Proterozoic and Mesozoic tholeiites are characterized by high Ti[O.sub.2] (>2 wt.%; HTi) and low Ti[O.sub.2] (< 2 wt.%; LTi), and high and low incompatible elements, respectively. The Early Jurassic (ca. 200 Ma) Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) and the Early Cretaceous Parana (ca. 130 Ma) HTi and LTi tholeiites have major and trace element contents and Sr--Nd isotopic compositions similar to their Precambrian analogues, particularly for the tholeiites belonging to the same craton. Both the Precambrian and Mesozoic LTi and HTi tholeiites are characterized by 'depleted' (low LREE/HREE) to 'enriched' (high LREE/HREE) features. The 'enriched' tholeiitic basalts have negative Nb anomaly (relative to K and La), while the 'depleted' ones may show a slight positive Nb spike. Sr and Nd isotopes of both the HTi and LTi Precambrian tholeiites, as well as most of HTi Mesozoic ones, fit the mantle array trend, while the LTi tholeiites of Mesozoic age trend towards EM II. The Precambrian and Mesozoic tholeiites from the South American Platform (SAP) with high Sr and low Nd isotopic compositions cannot be easily explained by AFC and mixing processes between crustal and mantle components if a basaltic major element composition should be preserved. This suggests that the Precambrian and Mesozoic SAP tholeiitic melts reflect a heterogeneous source mantle, including EM I (e.g. fluids, small volume melts) and EM II (e.g. ancient subduction-related metasomatism and/or silicic melt veining) components. All the data indicate that mantle source heterogeneity was well established at least since Late Archaean times, as documented by the Precambrian and Mesozoic SAP tholeiites which have similar compositional features, particularly the tholeiites cropping out on the same craton. The concentration of the Precambrian and Mesozoic SAP tholeiitic magmatism towards craton/mobile belt boundaries suggests that an important role in its genesis was played by upper mantle 'edge drive convection' geodynamics. Keywords: South America Platform; Precambrian and Mesozoic tholeiitic magmatism; Lithospheric source mantle; Edge drive convection

Published
2003

6. Intraplate magmatism at a convergent plate boundary: The case of the Cenozoic northern Adria magmatism

Author

Brombin V.[1], Bonadiman C.[1], Jourdan F.[2], Roghi G.[3], Coltorti M.[1], Webb L.E.[4], Callegaro S.[5], Bellieni G.[6], De Vecchi G.[6], Sede R.[1, and Marzoli A.[3

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, Intraplate magmatism, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Poloidal mantle flow, 01 natural sciences, Mantle (geology), NO, Lithosphere, Convergent boundary, Southeastern Alps, Metasomatism, Veneto Volcanic Province, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Sedimentary basin, Ar, Ar geochronology, Magmatism, Slab window, Intraplate earthquake, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Geology, 39, intraplate magmatism, 40Ar/39Ar geochronology, poloidal manthe flow, southeastern Alps
Abstract

The complex European–Adria geodynamic framework, which led to the formation of the Alpine belt, is considered responsible for the orogenic magmatism that occurred in the Central Alps along the Periadriatic/Insubric Line (late Eocene–early Oligocene) and the anorogenic magmatism that occurred in the Southeastern Alps (late Paleocene–early Miocene). While the subduction-related magmatic activities are, as expected, near convergent margins, the occurrence of the intraplate-related magmatism is still puzzling. Therefore, in this work new geochemical and geochronological data of magmatic products from the Veneto Volcanic Province (VVP, north–east Italy) are provided to constrain the Cenozoic intraplate magmatism of the Southeastern Alps. The VVP is formed by dominant basic–ultrabasic (from nephelinites to tholeiites) magmatic products and by localized acid (latitic, trachytic, and rhyolitic) volcanic and subvolcanic bodies. Trace element patterns and ratios suggest that the mantle source of the alkaline magma types was a garnet lherzolite possibly metasomatised by carbonatitic melts and with residual phlogopite. According to the biostratigraphic records and our new 40Ar/39Ar ages, VVP eruptions occurred in several pulses, reflecting the extensional phases experienced by the Eastern Alpine domain. The volcanism started in the late Paleocene in the western sector of the VVP where activity was widespread also during the Eocene (45.21 ± 0.11 Ma – 38.73 ± 0.44 Ma). In the eastern sector eruptions took place in the early Oligocene (32.35 ± 0.09 Ma – 32.09 ± 0.29 Ma) and in the early Miocene (~23–22 Ma). From the studies so far undertaken, the anorogenic magmatic activity of the VVP was interpreted as resulting from mantle upwellings through slab window(s) following the European slab break-off, which occurred at ~ 35 Ma. However, considering (i) new tomographic images evidencing a continuous subvertical (~ 500 km in depth) slab beneath the Central Alps, and (ii) the onset of magmatic activity in the VVP in the late Paleocene (i.e., before the slab break-off) and its continuation until the Miocene, a better suited geodynamic scenario is required to explain the anorogenic magmatism. The westward rollback of the European slab caused the retreat and steepening of the subducting plate. As a consequence, sub-slab mantle material escaped and upwelled from the front of the slab and created a poloidal mantle flow. The latter induced the breakdown of carbonates in calcareous metasediments and carbonated metabasics within the subducting oceanic slab, providing carbonatitic melts, which could be responsible for the metasomatism of the VVP mantle sources. After that, the poloidal mantle flow also induced (i) the extensional deformation in the overriding Adria microplate, (ii) the decompressional melting of VVP mantle sources, and (iii) the intraplate affinity of the VVP magmatism. During these processes, the Adria microplate also rotated counterclockwise, forming sedimentary basins, and allowing the poloidal mantle flow to affect different portions of the overlying lithosphere, generating syn-estensional magmatism within the VVP.

Published
2019
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12. Proterozoic to Mesozoic evolution of North-West Africa and Peri-Gondwana microplates: Detrital zircon ages from Morocco and Canada

Author

Marzoli, A., Davies, J., Youbi, N., Merle, Renaud, Dal Corso, J., Dunkley, D., Fioretti, A., Bellieni, G., Medina, F., Wotzlaw, J., McHone, G., Font, E., Bensalah, M., Marzoli, A., Davies, J., Youbi, N., Merle, Renaud, Dal Corso, J., Dunkley, D., Fioretti, A., Bellieni, G., Medina, F., Wotzlaw, J., McHone, G., Font, E., and Bensalah, M.

Abstract

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. The complex history of assemblage and disruption of continental plates surrounding the Atlantic Ocean is in part recorded by the distribution of detrital zircon ages entrained in continental sedimentary strata from Morocco (Central High Atlas and Argana basins) and Canada (Grand Manan Island, New Brunswick). Here we investigate detrital zircon from the latest Triassic (ca. 202 Ma) sedimentary strata directly underlying lava flows of the Central Atlantic magmatic province or interlayered within them. SHRIMP (Sensitive High-Resolution Ion MicroProbe) and LA-ICP-MS (Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry) U–Pb ages for zircon range from Paleozoic to Archean with a dominant Neoproterozoic peak, and significant amounts of ca. 2 Ga zircon. These ages suggest a prevailing West African (Gondwanan) provenance at all sampling sites. Notably, the Paleoproterozoic zircon population is particularly abundant in central Morocco, north of the High Atlas chain, suggesting the presence of Eburnean-aged rocks in this part of the country, which is consistent with recent geochronologic data from outcropping rocks. Minor amounts of late Mesoproterozoic and early Neoproterozoic zircon ages (ca. 1.1–0.9 Ga) in Moroccan samples are more difficult to interpret. A provenance from Avalonia or Amazonia, as proposed by previous studies is not supported by the age distributions observed here. An involvement of more distal source regions, possibly located in north-eastern Africa (Arabian Nubian Shield) would instead be possible. Paleozoic zircon ages are abundant in the Canadian sample, pointing to a significant contribution from Hercynian aged source rocks. Such a signal is nearly absent in the Moroccan samples, suggesting that zircon-bearing Hercynian granitic rocks of the Moroccan Meseta block were not yet outcropping at ca. 200 Ma. The only Moroccan samples that yield Paleozoic zircon ages are those interlayered within the CAMP lavas, suggesting an inc

Published
2017

14. Reply to Comment on 'The Jurassic–Cretaceous basaltic magmatism of the Oued El-Abid syncline (High Atlas, Morocco): Physical volcanology, geochemistry and geodynamic implications' by André Michard et al. (2013) [J. Afr. Earth Sci. 88 p.101–105]

Author

Bensalah, M.K., Youbi, N., Mata, J., Madeira, J., Martins, L., Font, E., Medina, F., Marzoli, A., El Hachimi, H., Bertrand, H., Bellieni, G., Doblas, M., Mahmoudi, A., Beraaouz, El H., Miranda, R., Vérati, C., De Min, A., Ben Abbou, M., Zayane, R., Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Centro de Geologia [Lisboa], Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Agdal, Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Universita degli Studi di Padova, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), instituto de geociencias, Instituto De GeociÊncias, Faculty of Sciences de Meknes, Université Moulay Ismail (UMI), Laboratoire de Géologie Appliquée et Géo-Environnement (LAGAGE), Faculté des Sciences Agadir (FSA), Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir]-Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir], Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze [Trieste], Università degli studi di Trieste, geology dept, Geology Dept, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université de Moulay Ismail (UMI), LAGAGE.Faculté des sciences d'Agadir, Faculté des sciences, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia [Marrakech], Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste

Subjects
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract

International audience; We welcome the comment by Michard et al. (2013) as it gives us the opportunity to better discuss the Jurassic–Cretaceous magmatism of the High Atlas (Morocco). In their comment, Michard et al. (2013) focus on three main points which are: (i) the age of the basalts from Naour, (ii) the structural history of the Central High Atlas and (iii) the geodynamic significance of the related Jurassic–Cretaceous magmatism. We will address these questions in the following sections.

Published
2016
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15. Magmatic activity on a montionless plate: the case of East Island, Crozet Archipelago (Indian Ocean)

Author

Meyzen C.[1], Marzoli A.[1, Bellieni G.[1], and Levresse G.[3]

Subjects
magmatism, lithospheric root, lithosphere, Crozet plum, Indian Ocean, Antarctic plate
Abstract

Lying atop the relatively motionless Antarctic plate (velocity 646mm a-1), the Crozet archipelago, midway between Madagascar and Antarctica, is a region of unusually shallow (1543-1756 m) and thickened oceanic crust (10-165 km), high geoid height, and deep low-velocity zone, which may represent the surface expression of a mantle plume. Here, new major and trace element data are presented for Quaternary alkali basalts of the subaerial eruptive stage of East Island, the most easterly and oldest island (9 Ma) of the Crozet archipelago. Crystallization at uppermost mantle depths and phenocryst accumulation have strongly affected the parental magma compositions. Trace element patterns show a large negative K anomaly relative to Ta-La, moderate depletions in Rb and Ba with respect to Th-U, and heavy rare earth element depletions relative to light rare earth elements. These characteristics allow limits to be placed upon the composition and mineralogy of the mantle source of the magmas. The average trace element pattern of the East Island basalts can be matched by 17% melting of a garnet-phlogopite-bearing peridotite source. The stability field of phlogopite restricts melting depths to lithospheric levels. The modelled source composition requires a multistage evolution in which the mantle has been depleted by melt extraction before being metasomatized by alkali-rich plume-derived melts. The depleted mantle component is inferred to be sourced from residual mantle plume remnants that stagnated at the melting locus owing to a weak lateral flow velocity inside the melting region, whose accumulation progressively forms a depleted lithospheric root above the plume core. Low-degree, alkali-rich melts are probably derived from the plume source. Such a mantle source evolution may be general to both terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments in which the lateral component velocity of the mantle flow field is extremely slow.

Published
2016

16. 40Ar/39Ar ages of alkaline and tholeiitic rocks from the northern Deccan Traps: implications for magmatic processes and the K–Pg boundary

Author

Parisio, L., Jourdan, Fred, Marzoli, A., Melluso, L., Sethna, S., Bellieni, G., Parisio, L., Jourdan, Fred, Marzoli, A., Melluso, L., Sethna, S., and Bellieni, G.

Abstract

The Deccan large igneous province in India was emplaced temporally close to the Cretaceous–Palaeogene (K–Pg) boundary and is formed by tholeiitic flood basalts and less abundant alkaline rocks. Definition of the origin of Deccanmagmatism and of its environmental impact relies on precise and accurate geochronological analyses.We present new40Ar/39Ar ages from the northern sector of the province. In this area, tholeiitic and alkaline rocks were contemporaneously emplaced at 66.60 ± 0.35 to 65.25 ± 0.29 Ma in the Phenai Mata area, whereas rocks from Rajpipla and Mount Pavagadh yielded ages ranging from 66.40 ± 2.80 to 64.90 ± 0.80 Ma. The indistinguishable ages for alkaline and tholeiitic magmatism suggest that distinct mantle sources were synchronously active. The new ages are compared with previous ages, which were carefully screened and filtered and then recalculated to be comparable. The entire dataset of geochronological data does not support a time-related migration of the magmatismrelated to the northward Indian platemovement relative to the Reunion mantle plume. The main phase of magmatism, including the newly dated rocks from the northern Deccan, occurred at the K–Pg boundary. This suggests a causal link between the emplacement of the province and the K–Pg mass extinction.

Published
2016

17. Evaluation of ventricular function in fetal age

Author

DI SALVO, Giovanni, CASTALDI B, DI BELLO V, ANTONINI CANTERIN F, LA CARRUBBA S, CARERJ S, BELLIENI G, CALABRÒ R., RUSSO, Maria Giovanna, DI SALVO, Giovanni, Russo, Maria Giovanna, Castaldi, B, DI BELLO, V, ANTONINI CANTERIN, F, LA CARRUBBA, S, Carerj, S, Bellieni, G, and Calabrò, R.

Subjects
Echocardiography, Congenital heart disease, Echocardiography, Fetal arrhythmias, Fetal heart, Heart function, Fetal arrhythmias, Heart function, Congenital heart disease, Fetal heart
Published
2009

18. Carotid intima-media thickness in asymptomatic patients with arterial hypertension without clinical cardiovascular disease: relation with left ventricular geometry and mass and coexisting risk factors

Author

DI BELLO V, CARERJ S, PERTICONE F, BENEDETTO F, PALOMBO C, TALINI E, GIANNINI D, LA CARRUBBA S, ANTONINI CANTERIN F, BELLIENI G, PEZZANO A, ROMANO MF, BALBARINI A, RESEARCH GROUP OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOVASCULAR ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY SIEC, DI SALVO, Giovanni, DI BELLO, V, Carerj, S, Perticone, F, Benedetto, F, Palombo, C, Talini, E, Giannini, D, LA CARRUBBA, S, ANTONINI CANTERIN, F, DI SALVO, Giovanni, Bellieni, G, Pezzano, A, Romano, Mf, Balbarini, A, and RESEARCH GROUP OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOVASCULAR ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Siec

Published
2009

19. Relation of carotid intima-media thickness and aortic valve sclerosis (from the ISMIR study ['Ispessimento Medio Intimale e Rischio Cardiovascolare'] of the Italian Society of Cardiovascular Echography)

Author

ANTONINI CANTERIN F, DI BELLO V, LA CARRUBBA S, BELLIENI G, BENEDETTO F, PERTICONE F, MAIO R, GIANNINI D, BALBARINI A, NICOLOSI GL, PEZZANO, A, CARERJ S, RESEARCH GROUP OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOVASCULAR ECHOGRAPHY, SIEC, DI SALVO, Giovanni, ANTONINI CANTERIN, F, DI BELLO, V, DI SALVO, Giovanni, LA CARRUBBA, S, Bellieni, G, Benedetto, F, Perticone, F, Maio, R, Giannini, D, Balbarini, A, Nicolosi, Gl, Pezzano, A, Carerj, S, RESEARCH GROUP OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOVASCULAR, Echography, and Siec

Published
2009

35. [Heart failure in childhood]

Author

CALABRO', Raffaele, IACONO C, BELLIENI G., Calabro', Raffaele, Iacono, C, and Bellieni, G.

Subjects
Adult, Heart Failure, Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Age Factors, Humans, Infant, Child, Echocardiography, Doppler
Abstract

Heart failure (HF) in pediatric patients shows many differences from adult HF because of biochemical and ultrastructural peculiarity due to contractility modifications for different loading conditions, often resulting from congenital heart diseases. The majority of heart diseases in pediatric patients with symptoms and signs of HF are due to severe heart diseases (such as ventricular septal defect, severe aortic stenosis, aortic coarctation syndrome). There are several reasons for early HF in the natural evolution of congenital and acquired heart diseases. They are of hemodynamic nature (pressure and volume overloading, reduced ventricular compliance), or due to systolic ventricular dysfunction. In order to optimize the medical and/or surgical treatment in these conditions an immediate etiological and pathophysiological evaluation should be done. In this regard the echocardiographic technique allows to reach a rapid and accurate diagnosis and a good therapeutic view in a non-invasive and easily to repeat way.

Published
2000

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