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4,211 results on '"Bell, Richard"'

24. Automated multi-scale computational pathotyping (AMSCP) of inflamed synovial tissue

Author

Bell, Richard D., Brendel, Matthew, Konnaris, Maxwell A., Xiang, Justin, Otero, Miguel, Fontana, Mark A., Bai, Zilong, Krenitsky, Daria M., Meednu, Nida, Rangel-Moreno, Javier, Scheel-Toellner, Dagmar, Carr, Hayley, Nayar, Saba, McMurray, Jack, DiCarlo, Edward, Anolik, Jennifer H., Donlin, Laura T., Orange, Dana E., Kenney, H. Mark, Schwarz, Edward M., Filer, Andrew, Ivashkiv, Lionel B., and Wang, Fei

Published
2024
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31. Deep Learning Object Detection Approaches to Signal Identification

Author

Wood, Luke, Anderson, Kevin, Gerstoft, Peter, Bell, Richard, Subbaraman, Raghab, and Bharadia, Dinesh

Subjects
Computer Science - Sound, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Abstract

Traditionally source identification is solved using threshold based energy detection algorithms. These algorithms frequently sum up the activity in regions, and consider regions above a specific activity threshold to be sources. While these algorithms work for the majority of cases, they often fail to detect signals that occupy small frequency bands, fail to distinguish sources with overlapping frequency bands, and cannot detect any signals under a specified signal to noise ratio. Through the conversion of raw signal data to spectrogram, source identification can be framed as an object detection problem. By leveraging modern advancements in deep learning based object detection, we propose a system that manages to alleviate the failure cases encountered when using traditional source identification algorithms. Our contributions include framing source identification as an object detection problem, the publication of a spectrogram object detection dataset, and evaluation of the RetinaNet and YOLOv5 object detection models trained on the dataset. Our final models achieve Mean Average Precisions of up to 0.906. With such a high Mean Average Precision, these models are sufficiently robust for use in real world applications.

Published
2022

43. Sand and Gravel Subsoils

Author

Scanlan, Craig A., Holmes, Karen W., Bell, Richard Willian, Oliveira, Teogenes Senna de, editor, and Bell, Richard Willian, editor

Published
2022
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47. Data-rich but model-resistant: an evaluation of data-limited methods to manage fisheries with failed age-based stock assessments

Author

Legault, Christopher M., Wiedenmann, John, Deroba, Jonathan J., Fay, Gavin, Miller, Timothy J., Brooks, Elizabeth N., Bell, Richard J., Langan, Joseph A., Cournane, Jamie M., Jones, Andrew W., and Muffley, Brandon

Subjects
Fish populations -- Measurement, Fishery management -- Methods, Earth sciences
Abstract

Age-based stock assessments are sometimes rejected by review panels due to large retrospective patterns. When this occurs, data-limited approaches are often used to set catch advice, under the assumption that these simpler methods will not be impacted by the problems causing retrospective patterns in the age-based assessment. This assumption has never been formally evaluated. Closed-loop simulations were conducted where a known source of error caused a retrospective pattern in an agebased assessment. Twelve data-limited methods, an ensemble of a subset of these methods, and a statistical catch-at-age model with retrospective adjustment were all evaluated to examine their ability to prevent overfishing and rebuild overfished stocks. Overall, none of the methods evaluated performed best across the scenarios. A number of methods performed consistently poorly, resulting in frequent and intense overfishing and low stock sizes. The retrospective adjusted statistical catch-at-age assessment performed better than a number of the alternatives explored. Thus, using a data-limited approach to set catch advice will not necessarily result in better performance than relying on the age-based assessment with a retrospective adjustment. Key words: closed-loop simulation, data-limited methods, management advice, retrospective analysis, Introduction In the US, age-based, integrated, fisheries stock assessment models are frequently used to estimate annual stock abundance (biomass), fishing mortality rates, and management reference points (Maunder and Punt 2013). [...]

Published
2023
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48. Linking knowledge and action for climate-ready fisheries: Emerging best practices across the US

Author

Mason, Julia G., Weisberg, Sarah J., Morano, Janelle L., Bell, Richard J., Fitchett, Mark, Griffis, Roger B., Hazen, Elliott L., Heyman, William D., Holsman, Kirstin, Kleisner, Kristin M., Westfall, Katie, Conrad, Michele K., Daly, Margaret, Golden, Abigail S., Harvey, Chris J., Kerr, Lisa A., Kirchner, Gway, Levine, Arielle, Lewison, Rebecca L., Lucey, Sean M., Morrison, Wendy, Muffley, Brandon, Samhouri, Jameal F., Seeley, Matthew, Shotwell, S. Kalei, and Stram, Diana L.

Published
2023
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50. Are we ready to track climate-driven shifts in marine species across international boundaries? - A global survey of scientific bottom trawl data.

Author

A Maureaud, Aurore, Frelat, Romain, Pécuchet, Laurène, Shackell, Nancy, Mérigot, Bastien, Pinsky, Malin, Amador, Kofi, Anderson, Sean, Arkhipkin, Alexander, Auber, Arnaud, Barri, Iça, Bell, Richard, Belmaker, Jonathan, Beukhof, Esther, Camara, Mohamed, Guevara-Carrasco, Renato, Choi, Junghwa, Christensen, Helle, Conner, Jason, Cubillos, Luis, Diadhiou, Hamet, Edelist, Dori, Emblemsvåg, Margrete, Ernst, Billy, Fairweather, Tracey, Fock, Heino, Friedland, Kevin, Garcia, Camilo, Gascuel, Didier, Gislason, Henrik, Goren, Menachem, Guitton, Jérôme, Jouffre, Didier, Hattab, Tarek, Hidalgo, Manuel, Kathena, Johannes, Knuckey, Ian, Kidé, Saïkou, Koen-Alonso, Mariano, Koopman, Matt, Kulik, Vladimir, León, Jacqueline, Levitt-Barmats, Yaarit, Lindegren, Martin, Llope, Marcos, Massiot-Granier, Félix, Masski, Hicham, McLean, Matthew, Meissa, Beyah, Mérillet, Laurène, Mihneva, Vesselina, Nunoo, Francis, ODriscoll, Richard, OLeary, Cecilia, Petrova, Elitsa, Ramos, Jorge, Refes, Wahid, Román-Marcote, Esther, Siegstad, Helle, Sobrino, Ignacio, Sólmundsson, Jón, Sonin, Oren, Spies, Ingrid, Steingrund, Petur, Stephenson, Fabrice, Stern, Nir, Tserkova, Feriha, Tserpes, Georges, Tzanatos, Evangelos, van Rijn, Itai, van Zwieten, Paul, Vasilakopoulos, Paraskevas, Yepsen, Daniela, Ziegler, Philippe, and T Thorson, James

Subjects
bottom trawl survey, climate change, demersal fish, fisheries policy, global data synthesis, open science, species distribution, transboundary conservation, Animals, Climate Change, Ecosystem, Fisheries, Fishes, Surveys and Questionnaires
Abstract

Marine biota are redistributing at a rapid pace in response to climate change and shifting seascapes. While changes in fish populations and community structure threaten the sustainability of fisheries, our capacity to adapt by tracking and projecting marine species remains a challenge due to data discontinuities in biological observations, lack of data availability, and mismatch between data and real species distributions. To assess the extent of this challenge, we review the global status and accessibility of ongoing scientific bottom trawl surveys. In total, we gathered metadata for 283,925 samples from 95 surveys conducted regularly from 2001 to 2019. We identified that 59% of the metadata collected are not publicly available, highlighting that the availability of data is the most important challenge to assess species redistributions under global climate change. Given that the primary purpose of surveys is to provide independent data to inform stock assessment of commercially important populations, we further highlight that single surveys do not cover the full range of the main commercial demersal fish species. An average of 18 surveys is needed to cover at least 50% of species ranges, demonstrating the importance of combining multiple surveys to evaluate species range shifts. We assess the potential for combining surveys to track transboundary species redistributions and show that differences in sampling schemes and inconsistency in sampling can be overcome with spatio-temporal modeling to follow species density redistributions. In light of our global assessment, we establish a framework for improving the management and conservation of transboundary and migrating marine demersal species. We provide directions to improve data availability and encourage countries to share survey data, to assess species vulnerabilities, and to support management adaptation in a time of climate-driven ocean changes.

Published
2021

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