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This article demonstrates the post-World War II conflict of memory in Serbia, as manifested in the transformation of urban space in the post-war decades. The authors focus foremost on Zemun, a district of Belgrade which, between the mid-nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries, was home to a significant German population. The term 'memoryscape' (Sławomir Kapralski) is used to discuss changes in the urban fabric. Post-war manipulations of space, based on the ideological foundation of brotherhood and unity, and treating members of the German nation as collectively responsible for the war, resulted in the erasure of all traces of German presence in Zemun. The article describes the Zemun conflict of memory using the example of a German cemetery that was liquidated by the authorities after World War II. In the 1950s, a hospital was erected on the site of the former necropolis, and the area functions nowadays as a difficult-to-access 'non-site of memory' (Roma Sendyka). The tombstones from the destroyed cemetery were used to build the stairs leading to Kalwarija Park. For decades, this fact was treated as an urban legend, but its authenticity was confirmed when fragments of grave inscriptions were discovered on the slabs used in the stairs during renovation. Kalwarija Park itself constitutes a remnant of the German Catholic heritage of this area, now dominated by Orthodox residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper chronicles the life of Karl von Krempler, a war criminal who was a Yugoslav “Volksdeutscher”. The emphasis is on the period of the Second World War, when he attained high positions within the structure of SS and police in the occupied Serbia. Besides his pre-war, war and post-war career, the attention is devoted to the analysis of Krempler’s intriguing personality. The paper is prepared on the basis of the archival documentation preserved at: the Archives of Yugoslavia, The State Archives of Serbia, Historical Archives of Belgrade, the Military Archives, Historical Archives “Ras” in Novi Pazar, Historical Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, The Political Archive of the Federal Foreign Office of Germany and Federal Archives in Berlin.

Copyright of Marmara University Journal of Turkology / Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

COVID-19 has severely affected almost every aspect of our everyday lives, especially the use of open greenspace (OGS) in urban settings, which has proven to have a significant role in increasing overall public health and well-being. Hence, the restricted usage of these spaces should be reconsidered. This research aims to analyze the sensitive nature of OGS usage (1) during the pandemic from the perspective of users' perceived safety and (2) after the pandemic to assess the possible long-term effects. Additionally, this research proposed that location-tracking mobile applications could lead to an increased frequency of OGS visits. The methodology contains detailed background research and two surveys. One survey was conducted during the pandemic in 2020 (sample size n = 412) and was repeated post-pandemic in 2024 (sample n = 451). The 2020 questionnaire A includes questions about the duration, frequency, and activities of OGS usage while focusing on the perceived safety and possibilities of monitoring OGS visits using mobile apps. The 2024 survey represents the continuation of the 2020 survey, focusing on the post-pandemic state of OGS. The statistical analysis is separated into a descriptive data analysis, various χ2 independence tests and a machine learning safety prediction. The results indicate how COVID-19 could affect OGS usage and how app-related physical safety enhancements during the pandemic cannot be statistically distinguished from those in the post-pandemic period. Although the interest in location-tracking mobile applications has statistically decreased in 2024, the majority of the total 863 participants stated that applications could increase their feeling of perceived safety. The added value of this research is that it considers age and gender roles in analyzing OGS usage in the context of a pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The finding of the wharf borer, Nacerdes melanura, is the first record of this species from Serbia, as well as from the continental part of the Balkans. The species was recorded in Mirijevo, Belgrade, on June 16th, 2021, during the night.

In post-conflict societies internal demarcation is based on tradition, religion, and heterosexual family values and within this frame sexual citizenship is considered “as ideology” and as a threat to society imposed from outside. At the same time the influence and importance of international norms and changes in the standard of international politics and the emerging culture of human rights cause conflict between inside and outside, national sovereignty and universal human rights. This conflict is not specific only to stabilocracy and hybrid systems, but the omnipresent illogicality of a closed system of citizen-ship. Following the Butler’s observation that “conjuncture of street and media constitutes a very contemporary version of the public sphere” (2011: 9), media textual and visual reports about Pride Parade in Belgrade and Sarajevo were analysed. In the analysis focus is on the borders of citizenship within the patriarchal matrix of nation-state confronted with the present bodies on the streets. The analysed textual and visual media reports confirm a hierarchisation of urban public space formed by national history and its material structures.

In the early 1990s, the Balkans faced some of the most violent military confrontations since the end of the Second World War. As a result of the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the borders have been redesigned on the map of Europe and new states have emerged. Some of these countries have succeeded in becoming members of Euro-Atlantic structures. While Montenegro and North Macedonia became NATO members, and Slovenia and Croatia have integrated into both NATO and the European Union, Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina continue to be affected by frozen conflicts and interethnic tensions. The research aims to analyze the evolution of tourism in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, focusing on the tourist potential of the capitals of these states, Sarajevo and Belgrade, respectively. The novelty of the research is to identify and analyze the potential of dark tourism in Sarajevo and Belgrade. The methodology used implied field research in both countries, in order to identify the tourism potential - with emphasis on dark tourism heritage on both countries. Also, the touristic offer in the two cities was analyzed, focusing on the dark tourism spectrum proposed by Philip R. Stone in 2006.

We develop the concept of "second displacement" to symbolise the renewed forms of uprooting that refugees undergo in arrival cities in the name of urban regeneration. Focusing on the eviction of 2,000 refugees from a self‐organised settlement in Belgrade's old train station in order to redevelop the site as a luxurious "Waterfront" project, we show how the refugees' commoning practices and claims for living space in city centres often come into direct conflict with public and private interests over urban regeneration and with imaginaries over who has the right to the city. Whilst most displacement literature focuses on state policies, we call attention to how the uprooting of refugees is often entangled with urban renewal plans and private investors' interests. In Belgrade, the depiction of the refugees' living spaces as "badlands" by the state, catalysed the formation of the rent gap that facilitated re‐allocation of rights to the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastronomy, as one of the most important segments in tourism, allows tourists to discover the cultural roots of the destination, so it is motives for planning a tourist visit. This paper is a pilot study for Belgrade, and therefore can be used for other destinations in the country and the world. The aim of this paper is to examine the attitudes of employees about the impression of guest tourists on the gastronomic offer of Belgrade. The methodology used in this paper is based on a questionnaire (n = 303), the survey was conducted among employees in the hospitality sector.Based on the obtained results it is proven that the guests are satisfied with the offer of food and drinks, and that traditional cousine and beverage are motives for visiting the restaurant. It can be concluded that when visiting a restaurant, the gastronomic offer is an important segment in the overall experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of human mobility has been a crucial aspect of history, enabling the integration of diverse communities and cultures transcending socio-cultural differences and political boundaries. The focus of this study is the examination of the significance of Zemun and Belgrade in Ottoman mobility during the period of 1772–1826, documented by the Habsburg authorities. The registers entitled “Türkische Untertanen in den Erblanden, mit Listen” (Turkish Subjects in the Hereditary Lands, with Lists) contain information on 6,930 Ottoman subjects, dating back to as early as 1772, and encompassing a vast geographic expanse. This study aims to scrutinize the demographic, socio-economic, and geographical factors associated with Ottoman mobility, emphasizing the pivotal role played by Zemun and Belgrade in facilitating interaction with Europe and the Mediterranean region, particularly through commercial activities. The study provides conclusive evidence and novel data for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Architectural Sciences & Applications (JASA) is the property of Journal of Architectural Sciences & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology is the property of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Personal characteristics have an important role in shaping tourists’ attitudes. The purpose of this study is to examine tourists’ attitudes to elements of the tourist offer of the city of Belgrade, the main urban destination in the Republic of Serbia. The primary research aim is to examine the influence of these personal characteristics on such attitudes. A survey was conducted on a sample of 319 tourists, who visited the city. The collected data were processed in the statistical program SPSS25 while the formed hypotheses were tested using appropriate statistical tests. The research results indicated that tourists highly rated the diversity of the gastronomic offer and the quality of nightlife, while organized tours for visiting tourist attractions and the quality of traffic infrastructure were ranked as elements in which there are opportunities for improvement. Further, the research results showed that origin and education influenced differences in tourists’ attitudes. The theoretical and practical implications as well as research limitations are defined, and recommendations made for the future research based on the theoretical background and research results.

The concept of a Belgrade metro has been present in Serbian urban planning since the interwar period. Despite numerous projects, long discussions, and even the creation of a small part of the necessary infrastructure, the underground rapid transport system remains a solution that has never been implemented. The subject of this article is the metro viewed as a project permanently suspended at the conceptual stage, constantly in a transitional phase, a project whose constitutive feature is “being in progress”. As a result of the endless temporariness of alternative transport solutions, in Serbian culture the metro functions as a symbol of the incompleteness and dysfunctionality of local reality. This phenomenon is confirmed by Filip Vujošević’s drama Halflife, analysed in the article. It is set in the space of the underground station Vukov Monument (Vukov spomenik), designed as a main point of the future metro, but still serving today as a temporary solution and a substitute.

Considering a mummy merely as an objectified human ‘artifact’ is a common misconception that stands in sharp contrast to the proper perception of the mummy as the culturally modified preserved body of a deceased person, an individual, a real human being who was once alive. The National Museum of Serbia holds the mummified remains of a stolist-priest Nesmin (‘The-one-who-belongs-to-Min’), resident in Akhmim around mid-fourth century B.C. Continuous research efforts have resulted in a reconceptualization of the display and presentation of this embalmed ancient Egyptian person, encompassing both scientific and humanizing elements. A number of the Belgrade Nesmin’s disarticulated bones as well as detached fragments of linen bandages covered with a resinous coating are discussed. Some new family members have been added to his genealogy. The name Nesmin was frequent in Akhmim, hence there are several other mummified Nesmin(s) of Akhmim kept in various world museums.

The aim of this paper is to illustrate how a cultural response is shaped by a natural phenomenon. A solar eclipse is, in a sense, a laboratory for humans have no influence on this natural phenomenon and the occurrence of the phenomenon itself, for the most part, has no significant consequences on people. This analysis is focused on two solar eclipses that occurred in Belgrade on February, 15th 1961 and on August, 11th 1999. The behavior of the citizens during these eclipses was entirely different. In 1961, the citizens curiously observed the eclipse through special glasses or darkened glasses whereas in 1999 they withdrew to their homes, avoiding any contact with the outside world. These contradictory behaviors were influenced by the positive propaganda in 1961 and the panic and fear stricken propaganda induced in 1999, both of which were created by the media under the control of the authorities of the time. Through the analysis of these dissimilar behaviors, as well as different contexts in which they occurred, deeper meanings are discerned, considering both the intentions of the authorities and the citizens' reactions to media propaganda related to these eclipses. It is also observed that there is a certain constant, i.e., each eclipse is closely intertwined with politics, even regarding traditional beliefs about the consequences of an eclipse. It may be concluded that the intrusion of politics into shaping the response to an eclipse is a consequence of the fact that the eclipse is socially consequence-free, so as to say an empty sign suitable for inscribing new meanings that holders of power wish to convey.

In urban environments, people's exposure to harmful ambient conditions and noise represents a particular challenge in the modern world. Global climate change and increasing population density, along with the increasing number of vehicles in urban areas, are constantly exacerbating this problem. The idea of this study is to assess the effects of temperature risks and noise pollution in two microlocations. An analysis of the ambient conditions and noise in the urban environment was conducted at two locations in Belgrade, which differed in configuration. Simultaneous measurements of temperature (Ta and Tg), humidity, wind speed, and equivalent noise level were taken during a hot summer day (maximum temperature over 30°C). It was shown that the noise level exceeds the prescribed noise level values for the analyzed acoustic zone. The noise level values differ for the two locations due to the different traffic densities in the environment and different urban characteristics. This study showed that the concept of green space, but also of built-up type in urban planning could has importance impact in regulating thermal and noise conditions and obtained improved urban environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnography of the Serbian Academy of Sciences & Arts / Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU is the property of Institute of Ethnography, SASA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The author suggests that since Jerusalem has become one of the model cities for European consciousness (along with Rome and partly Athens), its legacy manifests itself in the invariable correlation of the systems created by politicians and their cultural protégés with those described in the Old and New Testaments. The model archetypal state was compared not only with Caesar’s Rome and the power of Alexander the Great, but primarily with the Israel of David and Solomon, despite its fragility. This comparison provided a very reliable and longterm perspective for the future. The rulers themselves were forced to focus on these two exemplary monarchs. At the same time, there were no attempts to correlate their state with post-Hasmonean Israel, since Dostoevsky’s question about the relationship of spiritual and secular power was already too acute for many medieval states.

This study was conducted to determine the microbiological status of 390 beef and pork minced meat samples collected over three years from 52 retailers in the territory of Belgrade. The numbers of aerobic colony counts, Escherichia coli, and the presence of Salmonella spp. are prescribed criteria for this group of meat semi-products. Salmonella spp. was confirmed in one sample of minced beef meat (0.8%), while unsatisfactory E. coli counts were only determined in pork meat samples (2.7%). In 2021, all samples complied with the microbiological criteria for minced meat The highest occurrence of positive samples was observed during the III quarter of 2022 (P=0.04) with a frequency of 9.3%. The level of contamination of minced pork with E. coli bacteria in the same quarter was significantly higher compared to the II quarter of 2022 (627±75 vs. 292±9 cfu/g, P=0.009). Improvement of process hygiene and revision of process control, along with permanent education of food staff on the principles of GMP and GHP, are necessary for maintaining food safety and public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raif Ismail Pasha, one of the Ottoman statesmen who lived in the 18th century, was born in Baghdad in 1725-1726 as the son of Ibrahim Pasha from Malatya. After working as his father's chamberlain for a while, he got in hodjas of the imperial council with the rank of small foundation. Afterwards, he served in various state positions such as Gallipoli and Istanbul gunpowder's warden, cavalry and gunsmith clerkship, mint warden, reis effendi, the governorships of Egypt, Crete and Morea, and the guard of Heraklion, Navplion and Belgrade. He was murdered in May 1785 by removing his viziership due to his involvement in the attempts to put Prince Selim on the throne instead of Abdulhamid I. In this direction, this study deals with the life of Raif Ismail Pasha. The reason for this research is to make a contribution, as the life of Raif Ismail Pasha, who was promoted from master to pasha and then killed, could not find a place in modern literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the several decades-old tradition of presenting jazz through festivals firstly in Yugoslavia, and consequently in Serbia, the Jazz in the Garden manifestation was founded in Belgrade in 2021. The name of the new festival apostrophises the location of the event – “Jevremovac” Botanical Garden. With the anthropological analysis of this manifestation, we will strive to demonstrate how the manifestation in development like this one influences the construction process of one part of Belgrade’s identity through its connections with the local jazz scene. We will also consider the influence of the creation of different perceptions and new meanings of the well-known city space like the Botanical Garden “Jevremovac” in which the festival is held. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arhitektura I Urbanizam is the property of Institute of Architecture, Urban & Spatial Planning of Serbia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arhitektura I Urbanizam is the property of Institute of Architecture, Urban & Spatial Planning of Serbia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Veterinarski Glasnik is the property of Veterinarski Glasnik and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines the historical perspective of residential segregation in Belgrade and addresses the contextual factors responsible for the dynamics of this segregation. The article considers the decline in social status from the centre to the periphery as the main feature of citywide segregation in Belgrade, along with perpetuated peripheral informality. It also examines the impact of large-scale socialist estates, which were intended to contribute to an egalitarian society and counteract residential segregation. To examine the long-term patterns of residential segregation in Belgrade, we use a combination of sources and research approaches, due to the incomparability and lack of statistical data. Recent changes in segregation patterns during the first two decades of the post-socialist period were additionally analysed at the census-unit level, using data on the education of the population as a proxy for their social status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Yearbook of the Faculty of Political Sciences / Godisnjak Fakultet Politickih Nauka Beograd is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Political Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnography of the Serbian Academy of Sciences & Arts / Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU is the property of Institute of Ethnography, SASA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnography of the Serbian Academy of Sciences & Arts / Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU is the property of Institute of Ethnography, SASA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnography of the Serbian Academy of Sciences & Arts / Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU is the property of Institute of Ethnography, SASA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnography of the Serbian Academy of Sciences & Arts / Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU is the property of Institute of Ethnography, SASA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnography of the Serbian Academy of Sciences & Arts / Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU is the property of Institute of Ethnography, SASA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper investigates the residential towers of Block 10 in Vojvode Stepe Boulevard, Belgrade, Serbia. The two towers (buildings no. 39 and 40) were initially designed by Branko Aleksić in 1969 and re-designed three years later by Aleksić and his co-author, Stana Aleksić. Taking into account the housing policy of the day, the urban planning of the Boulevard and the role played by the towers’ investor, association ‘INPROS’, the paper approaches architects as intermediaries. The designers are understood as part of a network addressing Belgrade’s housing deficit, themselves navigating a tight creative space determined by forces operating beyond their control. At the same time, their work is recognized as bent on producing a distinct set of subjectivities, with each referring, individually, to a pattern of political organisation, consumer culture, gender, or class. The towers are thus probed for their capacity to act as a medium, both in themselves and as part of a larger whole.

Based on the several decades-old tradition of presenting jazz through festivals firstly in Yugoslavia, and consequently in Serbia, the Jazz in the Garden manifestation was founded in Belgrade in 2021. The name of the new festival apostrophises the location of the event - “Jevremovac” Botanical Garden. With the anthropological analysis of this manifestation, we will strive to demonstrate how the manifestation in development like this one influences the construction process of one part of Belgrade’s identity through its connections with the local jazz scene. We will also consider the influence of the creation of different perceptions and new meanings of the well-known city space like the Botanical Garden “Jevremovac” in which the festival is held.

In the summer of 2020, a fragmentary lower part of a statue base with a Latin inscription carved on its underside was accidentally discovered in Vinča, in the area of the archaeological site of Ošljane. The remains of а Roman building (presumably a villa rustica) were located at the aforementioned site. After the discovery, the monument was stolen, then it was soon recovered and transferred to the National Museum of Serbia. The inscription records the career of a member of the equestrian order.

Micro-spaces - small-scale public city spaces - represent an important element in the structure of the city, both functionally and aesthetically. Due to their small scale, their importance is often overlooked by experts and investors. The paper describes the concept of canopies at public transport stops in Belgrade, which were created in the period from 2007 to the present day. By multiplying the basic type of canopy and its variations, a recognizable element of the city image is built. By upgrading the basic project and introducing additional elements from the repertoire of modern design, such as "green" constructions, "smart" technologies, energy efficiency, etc., this form of urban space would be additionally affirmed and contribute not only to the comfort of users, the creation of the identity of the city and public city transport, but also to general interests such as safety, health and environmental protection

Milutin Jovanović belongs to the generation of architects who significantly contributed to the urban and architectural development of Belgrade between the two world wars. However, since there has been no adequate valorization of his creativity, a complete list of his achievements and basic biographical data have remained completely unknown. By reconstructing Jovanović's works, chronologically systematized data about his movement in the architectural profession was obtained. He began his professional engagement as an assistant at the architectural department of the Belgrade Technical Faculty, and later devoted himself to private practice. During the entire interwar period, Jovanović designed dozens of residential buildings and one hotel, and was also dedicated to other design tasks. He was hired by wealthy representatives of the middle class - merchants, clerks, doctors, entrepreneurs and many others, for whom he designed predominantly representative high-rise residential buildings throughout the central city core. In accordance with the developments on the architectural scene of that time, respecting the requests of the clients, his achievements were in two dominant stylistic directions - academicism and modernism. The discovery of buildings designed in the spirit of modernism is particularly significant, because for a long time it was considered that Jovanović's main style was academicism. Given the lack of personal legacy and complete historiographical sources, the research was based on studying of the fund of the Technical Directorate of the City of Belgrade stored in the Historical Archive of Belgrade. Therefore, this work is the first monographic review of the life and work of the architect Milutin Jovanović.

The activity of Branko Popović is primarily defined in historiography through valorizations of his artistic oeuvre and his role as an art critic, one that he continuously undertook during the first half of the 20th century. Given that Popović's contributions to architectural criticism and the interpretation of contemporary architectural phenomena and problems have often lain outside the main scope of particular research endeavours, instead often being presented in summarial form within monographs and anthologies, there is an acute need for elaboration of this area of his outputs. Popović primarily received his higher education at the Technical Faculty in Belgrade, where he later held the role of professor of history of art and architecture, and during the Second World War he held the position of Dean. The aim of this work is to present, through the review and analysis of articles published in pre-war and inter-war periodicals, another aspect of Popović's interpretations and criticisms, based on perceptions of and participations in contemporary events in the field of architecture, which would complete his contribution to the shaping of artistic thought.

At a time when Belgrade began to regenerate itself after centuries of Ottoman rule, a desire to create national symbols that would restore faith and identity to the tortured Serbian people began to be expressed. The mechanisms by which the state sought to demonstrate its power were often based in the arts. Building a national theatre was one of the most successful - but at the same time one of the most difficult - ways by which to restore the national and patriotic spirit. On the other hand, it was also a means by which to adopt a path of Europeanization, one that the Principality of Serbia took up with much zeal. The aim of this work is to draw attention to the construction of a National Theatre in Belgrade in the 19th century, an undertaking that faced insurmountable challenges. From the study of newspaper sources, among others, new sources of information were obtained in relation to the establishment of the National Theatre. However, these sources also allowed us to reach the conclusion that the construction of the National Theatre in Belgrade in the 19th century led not only to the creation of the first national symbol, but also to a pioneering structure in terms of the dawning of Academicism within Serbian architecture.

Dark tourism, or visits to places marked by death, violence and suffering, is an increasingly important component of the modern tourist experience. Genocide sites, which are witnesses of historical atrocities and tragedies, offer great tourist potential in Belgrade. This paper analyzes the perspectives of the development of dark tourism in such places in Belgrade. Through the analysis of cultural, sociological and economic aspects, the work examines the possibilities of integrating dark tourism into the existing tourist offer, with a special focus on preserving the authenticity of these locations and educating visitors and local residents about historical events and the moral implications of the visit. The paper also discusses the challenges and opportunities for raising awareness about the importance of remembering the victims and promoting sustainable tourism at the genocide sites in Belgrade. Through this analysis, the paper identifies the significant tourism potential of dark tourism in Belgrade and calls for the planned development and preservation of these locations in order to enable visits, education and honoring of the victims, which would contribute to the local and global understanding of historical events.

From a historiographic perspective, Leonid Maksheev is considered a prominent representative of mature and late Modernism. As an emigrant from Russia, Maksheev was a member of the youngest generation of architects to be educated in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. His rich Belgrade opus is primarily composed of residential architecture, but his projects for a number of industrial structures have also been preserved. Although he is regularly mentioned in a broad range of articles, contributions and monographs dedicated to architects who emigrated from Russia, little has been written specifically about his work, and his architectural oeuvre has yet to be fully reviewed, analyzed and valorized. This work therefore aims to provide a comprehensive and detailed insight into the life and work of Leonid Maksheev, with a special emphasis on his Belgrade opus.

In the past decades, Belgrade experienced a significant transformation of its downtown area also with regards to an increasing number of public spaces turned into pedestrian zones, primarily by closing roads for automotive transport, and establishing new pedestrian zones. This trend of pedestrianization of urban cores in Europe (initiated in the mid-20th century), found its strongest expression in Belgrade in the eighties with the complete transformation of Knez Mihailova street and its paving, and later with the expansion of the pedestrian zone to the adjoining streets. With the beginning of the 21st century, a special rise of a commercialized type of “street life” occurred - an increasing number of outdoor restaurant facilities were established. In the last twenty years, the services sector has become one of the most important in the city’s economy, and the tourism and hospitality industry employs a significant number of people; thus, the urban public space is increasingly adapting to the needs of consumers of such services, residents and guests alike. The visible expansion of restaurant facilities on public pedestrian areas in Belgrade raises questions about priorities in the use of public space. This paper will examine questions of space use, pedestrian mobility, and hospitality industries.

This anthropological paper views the urban landscape of Belgrade as a system of signs, consequently discussing the functional aspects of those urban landscape components, which children attributed the status of symbols. In a methodological sense, the work is based on the results of two field surveys – the first one, conducted in March 2021 in the Primary School “Kneginja Milica” in New Belgrade, and the second one, from November 2022, which increased the representativeness of the sample, raised the age limit of the respondents, and expanded the territorial coverage of the home city of the children who participated in the research – providing collectively a sample of 70 children aged 7–14. The aim of the work is to provide an input to the (so far rare) contributions at the intersection of two subdisciplines – urban anthropology and anthropology of children/ childhood, as well as to encourage further research in this area.

This paper deals with the musical street practice of the Roma people on the territory of Belgrade. An attempt shall be made to present this practice in its entirety, with all its particularities, based on data obtained in the field (through interviews with performers), Internet sources (YouTube videos, texts, etc.), and academic literature. The Romani practice is possibly the most common street musical practice on the territory of Belgrade, and while it is undoubtedly diverse, it still possesses numerous characteristics which shape its particular identity. Therefore, the elements of the aforementioned musical practice shall be presented and analyzed, including: 1. forms of musical performance, 2. types of performing ensembles, 3. choice and condition of the instruments used in performing, 4. choice of musical repertoire, 5. the language being sung in, 6. choice of public spaces at which it takes place, 7. events and special occasions during which this musical practice occurs, 8. career development and 9. child exploitation. The aim of the paper is to provide a relevant insight into the special musical identity of the Romani street musical practice in Belgrade by way of analyzing the segments of this street musical practice presented. Moreover, the goal of this research is to construct a model which may serve to conduct further research into the Romani street musical practice in other Serbian cities, as well as enable a comparative analysis and insight into the common, general features of this musical identity.

In the text, we primarily deal with the observation of the latest manifestations of the Orthodox lity procession ritual and ways of sacralising the space on the example of Belgrade. Accordingly, attention is also paid to the symbolism of different spatial landmarks, which is emphasized at the level of several semantic layers. Recent events have once again actualized the importance of the Lity procession ritual - deeply rooted in both folk tradition and religion - as well as its manifestations, both in the Republic of Serbia and in the wider Serbian ethnic area. The basic and most visible function of Lity is the consecration and marking of space, but also of time, with special significance for a certain ethnic-social context, community or place. However, Lity also have a pronounced cohesive and identity function, as was particularly clearly demonstrated in the example of the defense of holy sites, i.e. of basic religious rights, precisely through Lity in Montenegro. Consequently, Lity proved to be one of the most effective weapons against attempts to deconstruct the Serbian identity. In accordance with the relevant indicators, in our work, with a multidisciplinary approach, various structural and semantic dimensions and possibilities of Lity are considered. This primarily refers to the level of the Belgrade area, but in a more general sense it is also directly related to field and other research on related issues, which were carried out in a much wider area during the previous decades.

In this paper we present the results of preliminary research into children’s birthday celebrations in public green spaces in Belgrade during the second decade of the 21st century. This period is characterized by the widespread practice of celebrating children’s birthdays in commercial children’s playrooms. Birthday celebrations “in nature” were very rare in comparison. Thus we decided to focus on birthday celebrations held in public green spaces. This social practice is analyzed in the context of utilizing urban public space, public greens for organizing private events with the intent to consider the reasons for its appearance at a time when children’s birthdays were becoming part of the processes of the institutionalization and commercialization of childhood. The analysis is based on empirical material gathered through informal conversations with parents who organized birthday parties “in the open”, “in nature”. Children’s birthday parties we attended were organized at the Sava quay, in Košutnjak and at Ada Ciganlija. The fieldwork was conducted periodically from 2014 to 2018, and entailed the application of classical fieldwork methods in ethnology and anthropology (participant observation and interviews with the participants of the events).

In the 20th century, specialized printed newspaper editions dedicated to popular culture and rock and roll typically covered events through announcements, news and critical reviews. Alongside their Anglo-Saxon counterparts, these magazines were also highly popular in the SFRY (Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia). The tradition of rock magazines in the Serbian language (Ritam, Džuboks, Rock...) paved the way for the launch of the XZ magazine, edited by Petar Luković. Published monthly in Belgrade from 1996 to 1999, XZ effectively built upon previous experiences related to popular culture, consistently adopting a critical approach in two main directions: the evaluation of artistic products and the criticism of socio-political realities. The core tool of the authors' political struggle against an authoritarian regime in a war environment and an economically troubled state was their incisive social commentaries, often presented in the form of music album reviews. Utilizing media content analysis, this paper aims to confirm the value of the XZ magazine as a successful product of rock journalism, actively engaging in addressing major societal issues in the former SFRY.