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Recent research has demonstrated the importance of rural settlement in the Iberian culture, although there are still few rural sites explored in depth. `Rural settlement¿ is the term we use to designate the small habitation sites or agricultural structures that became common from the Middle Iberian Period (450¿200 bc) onward; such sites constituted the basis of a hierarchical settlement system characteristic of societies developing towards archaic states. These settlements consist of one or two buildings together with silos and/or artisanal features. The main difficulty in studying such sites is their poor preservation. They are usually located on flat areas suit- able for cultivation, and research has traditionally prioritised the study of larger sites. In this study, we revise the data from previous investigations in the territory of ancient Iberian Cessetania and present the results of recent research, paying particular attention to the Rabassats site. We compare these rural settlements to those in other nearby territories in the Iberian area as well as in the wider Mediterranean context. Detailed analy- ses of the remains of rural sites show a greater complexity than is often assumed and suggest that a variety of small settlements, from an economic and probably also from a social point of view, should be included under the generic heading of `fourth order¿., Field- work at the Rabassats site was funded by Nulles Town Council, the Tarragona Provincial Gov- ernment and the Culture Department of the Catalan Government. This study also benefitted from the support of the Mirades sobre la Medi- terrània a l’Antiguitat. D’Orient a Occident, de la Protohistòria a l’Antiguitat Tardana Research Group (MIRMED-GIAC; ICAC-URV-UAB) (2017 SGR 970) and the ERC-StG ZooMWest (ERC-StG 716298). We would like to thank Moisés Díaz for sharing unpublished informa- tion about the Els Manous site, and Jordi Prin- cipal for his advice on the classification of black gloss ceramics.

The study of fuels related to the use of domestic combustion features in Iron Age contexts in the Western Mediterranean region is commonly based on wood charcoal remains found within the firing installations or within secondary deposits. Although macrobotanical records are common in the study areas, direct microscopic evidence from phytoliths and thin-section micromorphology is still limited. Further, macroscopic combustion remains on hearths and ovens or on the floors around them are commonly scarce in the contexts here analysed, as these structures were cleaned after use, and pavements were also regularly swept. Interdisciplinary analyses such as those above-mentioned are needed in order to obtain more information on the fuels used and, also, to distinguish the components related to that purpose from those that were part of the constructions themselves. Experimental archaeology may provide valuable records that can be used as comparative data in order to identify the combustible materials used as well as the taphonomical processes related to them. This study integrates maco and microscopic records from both archaeological and experimental firing installations in order to better understand fuel use in the Iron Age.

The results of the excavation and study of the Iberian necropolis of Les Esquarterades (Ulldecona, Tarragona) makes possible a reconstruction of the funerary ritual of the Early Iberian period. This site is located in an area where there is relatively abundant data on the funerary world, including several necropolises excavated between the Ebro and Mija-res rivers; however, most of this research was carried out between the 1960s and 1970s, with significant methodological shortcomings, including the total absence of anthropological analyses. In the study of this necropolis, we applied a renewed methodology, with a highly interdisciplinary character. Thanks to it, we have recovered quality data on aspects on which to date there was little information for the area and period, such as the anthropological characterisation of the buried population, the ustrina or the identification of funerary banquets or libations at the time of the funerary deposits., Se presentan los resultados de la excavación y estudio de la necrópolis ibérica de Les Esquarterades (Ulldecona, Tarragona) y la reconstrucción del ritual funerario del período Ibérico Antiguo a partir de los mismos. Este yacimiento se sitúa en una zona donde existen datos relativamente abundantes sobre el mundo funerario, incluyendo varias necrópolis excavadas entre los ríos Ebro y Mijares. Sin embargo, la mayoría de estas investigaciones se realizó entre las décadas de 1960 y 1970, con importantes carencias metodológicas, entre las que destaca la total ausencia de estudios antropológicos. Esta necrópolis se ha estudiado mediante una metodología renovada, con elevado carácter interdisciplinar. Esto ha permitido recuperar información de calidad sobre aspectos hasta ahora poco conocidos para el período y la zona, como la caracterización antropológica de la población enterrada, los ustrina o la identificación de banquetes funerarios o libaciones en el momento de realizar los depósitos funerarios.

The addressed topic is a challenging one at European level. Generally, domestic architecture in the Iron Age in the Western Mediterranean has been approached from different perspectives in the last decades. Most of the studies focus on the architecture itself as well as on the domestic features (hearths, ovens, benches, etc.) that are easily identified in the archaeological record. The analysis of the associations of these items with different kinds of manufactured objects (pottery, metallic tools and utensils, etc.) is at the basis of the interpretation of the use of spaces. However, objects can also have been moved from their original place. Bioarchaeological remains are also usually analyzed in order to complete this picture, particularly macrofaunal bones and macrobotanical remains (seeds, fruits and charcoal). In addition, microscopical analyses (calcitic microfossils, micromorphology, geochemical techniques, organic chemistry, etc.) have been added to the previously mentioned and most traditional methods. The integrated study of all these disciplines allows a more refined approach to the study of daily activities and the management of resources exploited by past societies in order to obtain food, fuels, etc. Some examples of these techniques are presented, particularly applied to the study of the combustion installations and other domestic or artisanal structures in the Iron Age Western Mediterranean. The workshop aims to familiarize students at all levels of vocational training (bachelor¿s, master¿s, doctorate) with the main directions and trends related to multiple investigations of archaeological discoveries with bioarchaeological, archaeometrical, and archaeological disciplines input.

Throughout the first millennium BC (and following a tradition that dates back at least to the Neolithic), combustion structures with similar characteristics are widespread across the Mediterranean, from North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula to the Aegean. This is particularly true when it comes to hearths. These commonly display an earth layer as a firing surface, even though there are different formal possibilities and techniques. Beyond these similarities, a certain diversity has been described according to the construction techniques, and have led to typological classifications applicable to different geographical areas over long periods of time. As for the combustion structures in the eastern Iberian Peninsula and south of France, they have traditionally been analysed through the study of formal aspects as well as the association of these fire installations with archaeological findings. Approaches including microarchaeology as well as the combination of different disciplines are still rare. In this respect, the TRANSCOMB project (Transdisciplinary and experimental study of combustion structures in the western Mediterranean during Protohistory) aims to implement an interdisciplinary methodology that integrates specialities such as thin section micromorphology, archaeobotany (anthracology, phytoliths and other calcitic microfossils), organic residue analysis, as well as experimental archaeology. In this paper, we present the first results of the project.

Firing installations, such as hearths and ovens, are among the most frequent structures documented in settlements of any period. They are mainly associated with cooking but also had other functions such as heating, lighting or transforming raw materials. Their location determines the circulation and use of space, as well as the organisation of daily activities, both individual and collective, and, ultimately, the organisation of the households. Their study can be approached from very different perspectives in order to obtain information on aspects such as fuels, technological level of the societies that built and used them, food, management of natural resources, craft activities or certain ritual practices, among others. The aim of this session is to share the results of studies carried out or underway on combustion structures from different methodological approaches, such as geo-archaeology, bio-archaeology, experimental archaeology or ethno-archaeology, including interdisciplinary analyses. It includes the presentation of both case studies and regional syntheses of the different areas of the Mediterranean arc in recent prehistory (from the Neolithic to the Iron Age).

27th Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologist, The goal of this paper is to present the first phase of experimentation on Iron Age combustion structures in the framework of the TRANSCOMB (Transdisciplinary and experimental study of combustion structures in the western Mediterranean during Protohistory) project. Experimental work is carried out in the "Iberian Citadel of Calafell" (Calafell, Tarragona, Spain), a reconstructed Iron Age site, open to the public since 1995, and also a field of experimental archaeology. The experiment is performed on present-day replicas of archaeological hearths and ovens, located both indoors and outdoors. The structures correspond to a varied typology, based on archaeological documentation from the excavation of Iron Age sites in the western Mediterranean (flat, semi-excavated and elevated hearths, hearths with and without a preparation layer, ovens). Experimental works include the use of various fuel-types (wood, grasses and animal dung), according to the available archaeobotanical records. Variables such as increased heating and time are measured, in order to determine whether variations occur, depending on the fuels used, the type of structure or its location. Liquid boiling and meat cooking tests are also being performed. In this paper, the first results obtained will be discussed. In the medium to long term, these will contribute to a better understanding of the functioning of the combustion structures in the analysed area and period. Information on daily activities such as food or natural resource management is expected to increase, which will ultimately help to improve the knowledge of the household organisation.

We are presenting the first results of an experimental project carried out in the Iberian Citadel of Calafell (Calafell, Tarragona, Spain), a reconstructed Iron Age site that is also a field of experimental archaeology. The aim of this experimentation is to investigate the efficiency of fire installations as well as the range of domestic activities they would have been built for, the fuels employed, and the management of natural resources related to them.This research is integrated within the framework of the TRANSCOMB (Transdisciplinary and experimental study of combustion structures in the western Mediterranean during Protohistory) project, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science. Experimentation works have been performed on present-day replicas of archaeological combustion structures, more precisely six hearths of different types and one oven, located both indoors and outdoors. Various fuel-types (wood, grasses, palm leaves and animal dung) have been used, according to the available archaeobotanical records. Variables such as increased heating and time have been measured, in order to determine whether variations occur, depending on the fuels used, the type of structure, its location or weather conditions. Liquid boiling and meat cooking tests have also been performed. After use, these structures have been sampled for diverse analyses(anthracology, phytoliths and other calcitic microfossils, FTIR, micromorphology, chemical analysis of hearths surfaces), in order to compare the results of the same analyses performed in archaeological Iron Age combustion structures.

L’étude de l’architecture protohistorique du nord-est de la Péninsule Ibérique montre que les techniques de construction ainsi que les formes bâties résultantes possèdent une personnalité propre en même temps qui témoignent des nombreuses influences méditerranéennes reçues durant l’âge du Fer. L’ensemble de données suggère que les rapports et les échanges culturels étaient riches du point de vu des techniques de construction et des formes d’architecture, mais les sociétés indigènes gardent leur propre personnalité en ce qui concerne la construction et l’utilisation de l’espace bâti. The study of the proto-historic architecture of the northeastern Iberian Peninsula shows that building techniques as well as the resulting built forms had their own personality. At the same time, they were the result of several Mediterranean influences received during the Iron Age. The whole of data indicates the richness of the relationships and the cultural exchanges reflected in the use of building techniques as well as in the architectural forms. In any event, indigenous societies kept their own personality regarding the construction and the use of built space.

Le programme de travail qui aboutit à ce livre s’inscrit dans le cadre du réseau d’excellence européen Ramses2, initié par la Maison méditerranéenne des sciences de l’homme. Une demi-douzaine de tables rondes ont réuni entre 2006 et 2008, d’un bout à l’autre de la Méditerranée (à Empúries, Aix-en-Provence, Palerme, Naples, Athènes), quelque soixante-dix chercheurs essentiellement français, italiens et espagnols, mais aussi anglais, grecs, bulgares, roumains, canadiens et russes. Il s’agissait d’étudier les rapports d’acculturation entre colons grecs et populations indigènes, en tenant compte des différences géographiques et chronologiques mais aussi de l’historiographie et des habitudes de recherche des diverses institutions. Les nombreuses communications qui ont jalonné les six tables rondes sont ici la plupart du temps précédées de textes introductifs. Une première partie, consacrée aux approches régionales, permet d’illustrer l’état de la recherche dans quelques régions choisies (autour d’Empuries, d’Himère, de Marseille, de Vélia, en Thrace et en mer Noire). La seconde partie, thématique, aborde un certain nombre de thèmes de recherche dans les régions précédentes, mais aussi dans d’autres régions du monde de la colonisation grecque. Le point de vue adopté dans ce livre est d’abord celui de la culture matérielle ; l’approche en est essentiellement archéologique. On se demandera par exemple quels sont les indices archéologiques qui permettent de dire si un site est habité par des Grecs, par des indigènes ou par une population “mixte”, et comment ces indices ont été appréciés selon les périodes et selon les régions. Beaucoup de communications présentent des synthèses régionales ou thématiques, mais une large place est faite également à des sites inédits, pour lesquels on n’a pas hésité à livrer une abondante documentation (plans, matériel de fouille). C’est en effet par le renouvellement de la documentation archéologique que nous pouvons espérer avancer dans la compréhension des rapports d’acculturation entre les colons grecs et les populations locales.

We present the historical results derived from the first phase of research on this important site, conducted exclusively with non-invasive methods. The data recovered from pedestrian and geophysical prospecting have allowed us to verify the urban condition of the settlement, attested not only by its size, but also by its structural complexity and the nature of the pottery collected, which suggest specialized economic activities and the coexistence of different social sectors. The abandonment of the settlement around 200 BCE confirms the profound impact of the Roman conquest on the settlement patterns of the northern Iberian world. Se presentan los resultados históricos derivados de la primera fase de la investigación sobre este importante yacimiento, realizada exclusivamente a partir de métodos no invasivos. Los datos recuperados a partir de la prospección pedestre y geofísica han permitido verificar la condición urbana del asentamiento, atestiguada tanto por sus dimensiones como por su complejidad estructural y la naturaleza de los materiales muebles recuperados, que sugieren actividades económicas especializadas y la coexistencia de distintos sectores sociales. La desaparición del asentamiento en torno a 200 a. C. confirma el profundo impacto de la conquista romana en los patrones de poblamiento del mundo ibérico septentrional.

This work analyzes the materials recovered from the silo of ‘El Pontarró’, located in La Secuita (Tarragona), filled with debris dated to the end of the 5th century BC or the beginnings of the 4th century BC. Among them, a number of bronze ornaments and about 6,000 glass beads stand out, together with pottery, spindle whorls, querns, as well as faunal, malacological (mainly Cypraea) and archaeobotanical remains. Most elements are rare and related to funerary or ritual practices. This supports the hypothesis that the filling of the silo could correspond to a ritual action, perhaps after the destruction of a necropolis. The accidental discovery of the silo as well as the altered field conditions that for the moment make further archaeological intervention impossible, prevent gaining more information about the context of the deposit. Nevertheless, its contents include the biggest assemblage of glass beads from the Protohistory of the the Iberian Peninsula and are thus. Se presenta el estudio de los materiales recuperados en el silo de El Pontarró, en La Secuita (Tarragona), amortizado a finales del siglo V o inicios del IV a.C. Entre ellos destacan un conjunto de elementos de ornamentación de bronce y unas 6.000 cuentas de collar de vidrio, junto a vasijas cerámicas, fusayolas, molinos, restos de fauna terrestre y malacológica (en su mayoría de Cypraea) y otros arqueobotánicos. Algunos de estos objetos son muy poco frecuentes y, en su mayoría, se vinculan con el mundo funerario o ritual. Ello sugiere que el silo se colmató en un acto ritual, tal vez tras la destrucción de una necrópolis. El carácter fortuito del hallazgo y el estado de arrasamiento del terreno donde, además, es difícil continuar la intervención arqueológica impiden obtener más información sobre el contexto y condiciones del depósito. No obstante este es el mayor conjunto de cuentas de vidrio, descubierto hasta la fecha, lo que le convierte en un unicum en la Protohistoria de la Península Ibérica.

We present the preliminary results of the DIGIBERS project, undertaken in 2017 by three Catalan institutions involved in the study of Archaeology and Heritage: the ICAC, the ICRPC and the IPHES. We began with the aim of drawing up a pilot project for the socialisation of research. Through the use of digital media as dissemination channels, we emphasised the content, preparation and presentation of the materials as key factors in making the knowledge gained from archaeology and heritage research accessible to the public. Our objective was to adapt the language and content of research dissemination to a wider audience, with a particular emphasis on secondary school students and youth, who currently show little interest in accessing the contents of disseminated research, especially in non-digital formats. Cooperation with the educational sector was essential in selecting the content and means of dissemination. The result was a series of audiovisuals entitled ArcheoClips. We Explain Archaeology. In 2017 we made the first episode in the series, a short video focusing on the excavation and study of an Iberian necropolis as an example to demonstrate the interdisciplinary nature of archaeology Presentem els resultats preliminars del projecte DIGIBERS, desenvolupat durant l’any 2017 per tres institucions catalanes dedicades a l’estudi de l’arqueologia i el patrimoni: l’ICAC, l’ICRPC i l’IPHES. L’objectiu inicial del projecte era elaborar un pla pilot de socialització de la recerca on, a través de la utilització d’eines digitals com a canals de difusió, s’incidís en els continguts, preparació i presentació de materials com a elements clau per fer accessibles al públic el coneixement derivat de la recerca en arque­ologia i patrimoni L’objectiu és adaptar la difusió de la recerca, des del punt de vista del llenguatge i els continguts, a un públic ampli, posant l’èmfasi en els joves i alumnes de secundària, que actualment mostren un interès escàs en accedir a continguts de difusió de la recerca, sobretot en formats no digitals La col·laboració amb el sector educatiu ha estat fonamental en la selecció dels continguts i el mitjà de difusió Com a resultat, hem creat una sèrie d’audiovisuals que porta per títol: ArcheoClips T’expli­quem l’arqueologia En el marc d’aquest projecte s’ha desenvolupat el primer episodi, un vídeo de curta durada, centrat en l’excavació i estudi de les necròpolis ibèriques com a exemple per mostrar el caràcter interdisciplinari de l’arqueologia This article and the project presented have received the support of the CERCA Programme/Government of Catalonia and the Cultural Heritage of Catalonia Research Group. Preconsolidated Research Group (GRPRE) (2017 SGR 835)

We present the results of recent research in the Early Iron Age necropolis of Sebes (Flix, Tarragona). They include the delimitation of the necropolis surface and its duration, the analysis of the funerary rituals as well as the social structure of its population through the use of interdisciplinary methods and techniques (anthropology, radiocarbon dating, geophysical surveys,…). The coexistence of tumuli and urns as well as the association of structures in two areas is confirmed. On this basis we aim to improve our knowledge of the cremation necropolis in a territory where different burial traditions were in contact. Unpublished data coming from the anthropological study of cremated bones and from the radiocarbon dating of these remains are presented. These data, considered within all the information gathered from the necropolis, show that it is closer to the tumular necropolis of the Lleida area than to the burial sites of the Low Aragón and Terra Alta regions. Se presentan los resultados de las recientes intervenciones arqueológicas realizadas en la necrópolis del Hierro I de Sebes (Flix, Tarragona). Se ha precisado la extensión de la necrópolis, su duración, los rituales funerarios y la estructura social de la población mediante técnicas y métodos de carácter interdisciplinar (antropología, carbono 14, prospecciones geofísicas…). Se ha constatado la coexistencia de túmulos y urnas y la agrupación de las estructuras en dos áreas. Sobre esta base se pretende mejorar el conocimiento de las necrópolis de cremación en un territorio de contacto entre diferentes tradiciones de enterramiento. Se dan a conocer datos inéditos procedentes del estudio antropológico de los huesos cremados de Sebes y de las dataciones radiocarbónicas de algunos de ellos. Estos datos, considerados en conjunto con los del resto de la necrópolis, permiten relacionarla más con las necrópolis tumulares leridanas que con las del Bajo Aragón - Terra Alta.

Aquest llibre aplega les aportacions al col·loqui internacional «El paisatge periurbà durant la protohistòria i l’antiguitat a la Mediterrània occidental», celebrat a l’ICAC, a Tarragona, del 6 al 8 de maig del 2009. El van organitzar M. Carme Belarte (ICREA-ICAC) i Rosa Plana Mallart (Universitat Paul-Valéry Montpeller 3), editores del volum. Este libro recoge las aportaciones del coloquio internacional "El paisaje periurbano durante la protohistoria i la antigüedad al Mediterráneo occidental", celebrado en el ICAC (Tarragona), del 6 al 8 de mayo de 2009. Lo organizaron M. Carme Belarte (ICREA-ICAC) y Rosa Plana Mallart (Universidad Paul-Valéry Montpeller 3), editoras del volumen.

Esta obra contiene las aportaciones del II Congreso internacional «Íberos del Ebro», celebrado en Alcañiz y Tivisa del 16 al 19 de noviembre del 2011, organizado por el Gobierno de Aragón, la Diputación de Teruel y el Consorcio Patrimonio Ibérico de Aragón, con la colaboración del Ayuntamiento de Alcañiz y el Ayuntamiento de Tivisa, la Universidad de Zaragoza, la Universitat de Barcelona, la Universitat Rovira i Virgili y el Institut Català d’Arqueologia Clàssica. Aquest volum recull les intervencions presentades en el II Congrés Internacional “Iberos del Ebro”, que va tenir lloc a Alcanyís i Tivissa del 16 al 19 de novembre del 2011, organitzat pel Govern d’Aragó, la Diputació de Terol i el Consorci Patrimoni Ibèric d’Aragó, amb la col·laboració de l’Ajuntament d’Alcanyís i l’Ajuntament de Tivissa, la Universitat de Saragossa, la Universitat de Barcelona, la Universitat Rovira i Virgili i l’Institut Català d’Arqueologia Clàssica. Va comptar amb el finançament del Centre d’Estudis de la Ribera d’Ebre, el Taller de Arqueología de Alcañiz, els grups Leader Adibama, Bajo Aragón-Matarraña i Cedemar, i el Fons Europeu Agrícola de Desenvolupament Rural. Aquest congrés va néixer de la necessitat d’analitzar els resultats obtinguts de les intervencions realitzades al territori de la conca de l’Ebre durant els deu anys transcorreguts des de la celebració del congrés de Tivissa “Ibers a l’Ebre”, el novembre de 2001. Els organitzadors van prioritzar obtenir una perspectiva global sobre cada un dels temes tractats per damunt de les visions particulars, i van encarregar ponències conjuntes segons la temàtica i cronologia, que obligaven al diàleg i al consens en cada cas. També es van tenir en compte les particularitats de cada territori. El congrés es va completar amb la presentació

El artículo forma parte de un monográfico de la revista dedicado a museografía didáctica en historia La autora del artículo, profesora de la Universidad de Barcelona mantiene una entrevista con Joan Santacana, arqueólogo y doctor en Padagogía con el que habla de los museos de historia de nueva generación que se estructuran en torno a ideas y conceptos y no en torno a piezas. En este caso los objetos ilustran las ideas y no al revés. Cataluña ESP

Resumen de la autora en catalán La construcción con barro tiene una larga tradicción, que se remonta a la prehistoria, en una buena parte del mundo. Este tipo de construcción presenta muchas ventajas, ya que el material es abundante, económico y para utilizarlo no se requieren grandes conocimientos técnicos. Se propone, como actividad didáctica para alumnado de primaria, trabajar con barro en el patio de la escuela para hacer montones y revestimientos. Cataluña ESP