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29 results on '"Belanger, Jocelyn J."'

1. Perception, performance, and detectability of conversational artificial intelligence across 32 university courses

Author

Ibrahim, Hazem, Liu, Fengyuan, Asim, Rohail, Battu, Balaraju, Benabderrahmane, Sidahmed, Alhafni, Bashar, Adnan, Wifag, Alhanai, Tuka, AlShebli, Bedoor, Baghdadi, Riyadh, Bélanger, Jocelyn J., Beretta, Elena, Celik, Kemal, Chaqfeh, Moumena, Daqaq, Mohammed F., Bernoussi, Zaynab El, Fougnie, Daryl, de Soto, Borja Garcia, Gandolfi, Alberto, Gyorgy, Andras, Habash, Nizar, Harris, J. Andrew, Kaufman, Aaron, Kirousis, Lefteris, Kocak, Korhan, Lee, Kangsan, Lee, Seungah S., Malik, Samreen, Maniatakos, Michail, Melcher, David, Mourad, Azzam, Park, Minsu, Rasras, Mahmoud, Reuben, Alicja, Zantout, Dania, Gleason, Nancy W., Makovi, Kinga, Rahwan, Talal, and Zaki, Yasir

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

The emergence of large language models has led to the development of powerful tools such as ChatGPT that can produce text indistinguishable from human-generated work. With the increasing accessibility of such technology, students across the globe may utilize it to help with their school work -- a possibility that has sparked discussions on the integrity of student evaluations in the age of artificial intelligence (AI). To date, it is unclear how such tools perform compared to students on university-level courses. Further, students' perspectives regarding the use of such tools, and educators' perspectives on treating their use as plagiarism, remain unknown. Here, we compare the performance of ChatGPT against students on 32 university-level courses. We also assess the degree to which its use can be detected by two classifiers designed specifically for this purpose. Additionally, we conduct a survey across five countries, as well as a more in-depth survey at the authors' institution, to discern students' and educators' perceptions of ChatGPT's use. We find that ChatGPT's performance is comparable, if not superior, to that of students in many courses. Moreover, current AI-text classifiers cannot reliably detect ChatGPT's use in school work, due to their propensity to classify human-written answers as AI-generated, as well as the ease with which AI-generated text can be edited to evade detection. Finally, we find an emerging consensus among students to use the tool, and among educators to treat this as plagiarism. Our findings offer insights that could guide policy discussions addressing the integration of AI into educational frameworks., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023
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5. COVID-19 stressors and health behaviors: A multilevel longitudinal study across 86 countries

Author

Keng, Shian-Ling, Stanton, Michael V., Haskins, LeeAnn B., Almenara, Carlos A., Ickovics, Jeannette, Jones, Antwan, Grigsby-Toussaint, Diana, Agostini, Maximilian, Bélanger, Jocelyn J., Gützkow, Ben, Kreienkamp, Jannis, Lemay, Edward P., Jr., vanDellen, Michelle R., Abakoumkin, Georgios, Abdul Khaiyom, Jamilah Hanum, Ahmedi, Vjollca, Akkas, Handan, Atta, Mohsin, Bagci, Sabahat Cigdem, Basel, Sima, Berisha Kida, Edona, Bernardo, Allan B.I., Buttrick, Nicholas R., Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choi, Hoon–Seok, Cristea, Mioara, Csaba, Sára, Damnjanovic, Kaja, Danyliuk, Ivan, Dash, Arobindu, Di Santo, Daniela, Douglas, Karen M., Enea, Violeta, Faller, Daiane G., Fitzsimons, Gavan, Gheorghiu, Alexandra, Gómez, Ángel, Hamaidia, Ali, Han, Qing, Helmy, Mai, Hudiyana, Joevarian, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Jiang, Ding–Yu, Jovanović, Veljko, Kamenov, Željka, Kende, Anna, Kieu, Tra Thi Thanh, Koc, Yasin, Kovyazina, Kamila, Kozytska, Inna, Krause, Joshua, Kruglanski, Arie W., Kurapov, Anton, Kutlaca, Maja, Lantos, Nóra Anna, Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya, Louis, Winnifred R., Lueders, Adrian, Maj, Marta, Malik, Najma Iqbal, Martinez, Anton, McCabe, Kira O., Mehulić, Jasmina, Milla, Mirra Noor, Mohammed, Idris, Molinario, Erica, Moyano, Manuel, Muhammad, Hayat, Mula, Silvana, Muluk, Hamdi, Myroniuk, Solomiia, Najafi, Reza, Nisa, Claudia F., Nyúl, Boglárka, O'Keefe, Paul A., Osuna, Jose Javier Olivas, Osin, Evgeny N., Park, Joonha, Pica, Gennaro, Pierro, Antonio, Rees, Jonas, Reitsema, Anne Margit, Resta, Elena, Rullo, Marika, Ryan, Michelle K., Samekin, Adil, Santtila, Pekka, Sasin, Edyta M., Schumpe, Birga M., Selim, Heyla A., Stroebe, Wolfgang, Sultana, Samiah, Sutton, Robbie M., Tseliou, Eleftheria, Utsugi, Akira, van Breen, Jolien Anne, Van Lissa, Caspar J., Van Veen, Kees, Vázquez, Alexandra, Wollast, Robin, Yeung, Victoria Wai–lan, Zand, Somayeh, Žeželj, Iris Lav, Zheng, Bang, Zick, Andreas, Zúñiga, Claudia, and Leander, N. Pontus

Published
2022
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6. Using machine learning to identify important predictors of COVID-19 infection prevention behaviors during the early phase of the pandemic

Author

Van Lissa, Caspar J., Stroebe, Wolfgang, vanDellen, Michelle R., Leander, N. Pontus, Agostini, Maximilian, Draws, Tim, Grygoryshyn, Andrii, Gützgow, Ben, Kreienkamp, Jannis, Vetter, Clara S., Abakoumkin, Georgios, Abdul Khaiyom, Jamilah Hanum, Ahmedi, Vjolica, Akkas, Handan, Almenara, Carlos A., Atta, Mohsin, Bagci, Sabahat Cigdem, Basel, Sima, Kida, Edona Berisha, Bernardo, Allan B.I., Buttrick, Nicholas R., Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choi, Hoon-Seok, Cristea, Mioara, Csaba, Sára, Damnjanović, Kaja, Danyliuk, Ivan, Dash, Arobindu, Di Santo, Daniela, Douglas, Karen M., Enea, Violeta, Faller, Daiane Gracieli, Fitzsimons, Gavan J., Gheorghiu, Alexandra, Gómez, Ángel, Hamaidia, Ali, Han, Qing, Helmy, Mai, Hudiyana, Joevarian, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Jiang, Ding-Yu, Jovanović, Veljko, Kamenov, Željka, Kende, Anna, Keng, Shian-Ling, Thanh Kieu, Tra Thi, Koc, Yasin, Kovyazina, Kamila, Kozytska, Inna, Krause, Joshua, Kruglanksi, Arie W., Kurapov, Anton, Kutlaca, Maja, Lantos, Nóra Anna, Lemay, Edward P., Jr., Jaya Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus, Louis, Winnifred R., Lueders, Adrian, Malik, Najma Iqbal, Martinez, Anton P., McCabe, Kira O., Mehulić, Jasmina, Milla, Mirra Noor, Mohammed, Idris, Molinario, Erica, Moyano, Manuel, Muhammad, Hayat, Mula, Silvana, Muluk, Hamdi, Myroniuk, Solomiia, Najafi, Reza, Nisa, Claudia F., Nyúl, Boglárka, O’Keefe, Paul A., Olivas Osuna, Jose Javier, Osin, Evgeny N., Park, Joonha, Pica, Gennaro, Pierro, Antonio, Rees, Jonas H., Reitsema, Anne Margit, Resta, Elena, Rullo, Marika, Ryan, Michelle K., Samekin, Adil, Santtila, Pekka, Sasin, Edyta M., Schumpe, Birga M., Selim, Heyla A., Stanton, Michael Vicente, Sultana, Samiah, Sutton, Robbie M., Tseliou, Eleftheria, Utsugi, Akira, Anne van Breen, Jolien, Van Veen, Kees, Vázquez, Alexandra, Wollast, Robin, Wai-Lan Yeung, Victoria, Zand, Somayeh, Žeželj, Iris Lav, Zheng, Bang, Zick, Andreas, Zúñiga, Claudia, and Bélanger, Jocelyn J.

Published
2022
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7. Concern with COVID-19 pandemic threat and attitudes towards immigrants: The mediating effect of the desire for tightness

Author

Mula, Silvana, Di Santo, Daniela, Resta, Elena, Bakhtiari, Farin, Baldner, Conrad, Molinario, Erica, Pierro, Antonio, Gelfand, Michele J., Denison, Emmy, Agostini, Maximilian, Bélanger, Jocelyn J., Gützkow, Ben, Kreienkamp, Jannis, Abakoumkin, Georgios, Abdul Khaiyom, Jamilah Hanum, Ahmedi, Vjollca, Akkas, Handan, Almenara, Carlos A., Atta, Mohsin, Bagci, Sabahat Cigdem, Basel, Sima, Kida, Edona Berisha, Bernardo, Allan B.I., Buttrick, Nicholas R., Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choi, Hoon-Seok, Cristea, Mioara, Csaba, Sára, Damnjanovic, Kaja, Danyliuk, Ivan, Dash, Arobindu, Douglas, Karen M., Enea, Violeta, Faller, Daiane Gracieli, Fitzsimons, Gavan J., Gheorghiu, Alexandra, Gómez, Ángel, Hamaidia, Ali, Han, Qing, Helmy, Mai, Hudiyana, Joevarian, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Jiang, Ding-Yu, Jovanović, Veljko, Kamenov, Željka, Kende, Anna, Keng, Shian-Ling, Kieu, Tra Thi Thanh, Koc, Yasin, Kovyazina, Kamila, Kozytska, Inna, Krause, Joshua, Kruglanski, Arie W., Kurapov, Anton, Kutlaca, Maja, Lantos, Nóra Anna, Lemay, Edward P., Jr, Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya, Louis, Winnifred R., Lueders, Adrian, Malik, Najma Iqbal, Martinez, Anton, McCabe, Kira O., Mehulić, Jasmina, Milla, Mirra Noor, Mohammed, Idris, Moyano, Manuel, Muhammad, Hayat, Muluk, Hamdi, Myroniuk, Solomiia, Najafi, Reza, Nisa, Claudia F., Nyúl, Boglárka, O'Keefe, Paul A., Olivas Osuna, Jose Javier, Osin, Evgeny N., Park, Joonha, Pica, Gennaro, Rees, Jonas H., Reitsema, Anne Margit, Rullo, Marika, Ryan, Michelle K., Samekin, Adil, Santtila, Pekka, Sasin, Edyta, Schumpe, Birga Mareen, Selim, Heyla A., Stanton, Michael Vicente, Stroebe, Wolfgang, Sultana, Samiah, Sutton, Robbie M., Tseliou, Eleftheria, Utsugi, Akira, van Breen, Jolien Anne, van Lissa, Caspar J., Van Veen, Kees, vanDellen, Michelle R., Vázquez, Alexandra, Wollast, Robin, Yeung, Victoria Wai-lan, Zand, Somayeh, Žeželj, Iris Lav, Zheng, Bang, Zick, Andreas, Zúñiga, Claudia, and Leander, N. Pontus

Published
2022
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9. Intergenerational conflicts of interest and prosocial behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Abakoumkin, Georgios, Khaiyom, Jamilah Hanum Abdul, Ahmedi, Vjollca, Akkas, Handan, Almenara, Carlos A., Kurapov, Anton, Atta, Mohsin, Bagci, Sabahat Cigdem, Basel, Sima, Kida, Edona Berisha, Buttrick, Nicholas R., Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choi, Hoon-Seok, Cristea, Mioara, Csaba, Sára, Damnjanovic, Kaja, Danyliuk, Ivan, Dash, Arobindu, Di Santo, Daniela, Douglas, Karen M., Enea, Violeta, Faller, Daiane Gracieli, Fitzsimons, Gavan, Gheorghiu, Alexandra, Gómez, Ángel, Han, Qing, Helmy, Mai, Hudiyana, Joevarian, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Jiang, Ding-Yu, Jovanović, Veljko, Kamenov, Željka, Kende, Anna, Keng, Shian-Ling, Kieu, Tra Thi Thanh, Koc, Yasin, Kovyazina, Kamila, Kozytska, Inna, Krause, Joshua, Kruglanski, Arie W., Kutlaca, Maja, Lantos, Nóra Anna, Lemay, Edward P., Jr., Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya, Louis, Winnifred R., Lueders, Adrian, Malik, Najma, Martinez, Anton, McCabe, Kira O., Mehulić, Jasmina, Milla, Mirra Noor, Mohammed, Idris, Molinario, Erica, Moyano, Manuel, Muhammad, Hayat, Mula, Silvana, Muluk, Hamdi, Myroniuk, Solomiia, Najafi, Reza, Nisa, Claudia F., Nyúl, Boglárka, O'Keefe, Paul A., Osuna, Jose Javier Olivas, Osin, Evgeny N., Park, Joonha, Pica, Gennaro, Pierro, Antonio, Rees, Jonas, Reitsema, Anne Margit, Resta, Elena, Rullo, Marika, Ryan, Michelle K., Samekin, Adil, Santtila, Pekka, Sasin, Edyta, Schumpe, Birga Mareen, Selim, Heyla A., Stanton, Michael Vicente, Stroebe, Wolfgang, Sultana, Samiah, Sutton, Robbie M., Tseliou, Eleftheria, Utsugi, Akira, van Breen, Jolien Anne, Van Veen, Kees, van Dellen, Michelle R., Vázquez, Alexandra, Wollast, Robin, Yeung, Victoria Wai-lan, Zand, Somayeh, Žeželj, Iris Lav, Zheng, Bang, Zick, Andreas, Zúñiga, Claudia, Jin, Shuxian, Balliet, Daniel, Romano, Angelo, Spadaro, Giuliana, van Lissa, Caspar J., Agostini, Maximilian, Bélanger, Jocelyn J., Gützkow, Ben, Kreienkamp, Jannis, and Leander, N. Pontus

Published
2021
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11. Deradicalizing Detained Terrorists

Author

Webber, David, Chernikova, Marina, Kruglanski, Arie W., Gelfand, Michele J., Hettiarachchi, Malkanthi, Gunaratna, Rohan, Lafreniere, Marc-Andre, and Belanger, Jocelyn J.

Published
2018

13. Intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19: The role of prosociality and conspiracy beliefs across 20 countries

Author

Enea, Violeta, Eisenbeck, Nikolett, Carreno, David F., Douglas, Karen M., Sutton, Robbie M., Agostini, Maximilian, Belanger, Jocelyn J., Gutzkow, Ben, Kreienkamp, Jannis, Abakoumkin, Georgios, Khaiyom, Jamilah Hanum Abdul, Ahmedi, Vjollca, Akkas, Handan, Almenara, Carlos A., Atta, Mohsin, Bagci, Sabahat Cigdem, Basel, Sima, Kida, Edona Berisha, Bernardo, Allan B., Buttrick, Nicholas R., Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choi, Hoon-Seok, Cristea, Mioara, Csaba, Sara, Damnjanovic, Kaja, Danyliuk, Ivan, Dash, Arobindu, Di Santo, Daniela, Faller, Daiane Gracieli, Fitzsimons, Gavan, Gheorghiu, Alexandra, Gomez, Angel, Grzymala-Moszczynska, Joanna, Hamaidia, Ali, Han, Qing, Helmy, Mai, Hudiyana, Joevarian, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Jiang, Ding-Yu, Jovanovic, Veljko, Kamenov, Zeljka, Kende, Anna, Keng, Shian-Ling, Kieu, Tra Thi Thanh, Koc, Yasin, Kovyazina, Kamila, Kozytska, Inna, Krause, Joshua, Kruglanski, Arie W., Kurapov, Anton, Kutlaca, Maja, Lantos, Nora Anna, Lemay, Edward P., Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya, Louis, Winnifred R., Lueders, Adrian, Malik, Najma Iqbal, Martinez, Anton, McCabe, Kira O., Mehulic, Jasmina, Milla, Mirra Noor, Mohammed, Idris, Molinario, Erica, Moyano, Manuel, Muhammad, Hayat, Mula, Silvana, Muluk, Hamdi, Myroniuk, Solomiia, Najafi, Reza, Nisa, Claudia F., Nyul, Boglarka, O'Keefe, Paul A., Olivas Osuna, Jose Javier, Osin, Evgeny N., Park, Joonha, Pica, Gennaro, Pierro, Antonio, Rees, Jonas, Reitsema, Anne Margit, Resta, Elena, Rullo, Marika, Ryan, Michelle K., Samekin, Adil, Santtila, Pekka, Sasin, Edyta, Schumpe, Birga M., Selim, Heyla A., Stanton, Michael Vicente, Sultana, Samiah, Tseliou, Eleftheria, Utsugi, Akira, van Breen, Jolien Anne, Van Lissa, Caspar J., Van Veen, Kees, vanDellen, Michelle R., Vazquez, Alexandra, Wollast, Robin, Yeung, Victoria Wai-Lan, Zand, Somayeh, Zezelj, Iris Lav, Zheng, Bang, Zick, Andreas, Zuniga, Claudia, Leander, N. Pontus, Enea, Violeta, Eisenbeck, Nikolett, Carreno, David F., Douglas, Karen M., Sutton, Robbie M., Agostini, Maximilian, Belanger, Jocelyn J., Gutzkow, Ben, Kreienkamp, Jannis, Abakoumkin, Georgios, Khaiyom, Jamilah Hanum Abdul, Ahmedi, Vjollca, Akkas, Handan, Almenara, Carlos A., Atta, Mohsin, Bagci, Sabahat Cigdem, Basel, Sima, Kida, Edona Berisha, Bernardo, Allan B., Buttrick, Nicholas R., Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choi, Hoon-Seok, Cristea, Mioara, Csaba, Sara, Damnjanovic, Kaja, Danyliuk, Ivan, Dash, Arobindu, Di Santo, Daniela, Faller, Daiane Gracieli, Fitzsimons, Gavan, Gheorghiu, Alexandra, Gomez, Angel, Grzymala-Moszczynska, Joanna, Hamaidia, Ali, Han, Qing, Helmy, Mai, Hudiyana, Joevarian, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Jiang, Ding-Yu, Jovanovic, Veljko, Kamenov, Zeljka, Kende, Anna, Keng, Shian-Ling, Kieu, Tra Thi Thanh, Koc, Yasin, Kovyazina, Kamila, Kozytska, Inna, Krause, Joshua, Kruglanski, Arie W., Kurapov, Anton, Kutlaca, Maja, Lantos, Nora Anna, Lemay, Edward P., Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya, Louis, Winnifred R., Lueders, Adrian, Malik, Najma Iqbal, Martinez, Anton, McCabe, Kira O., Mehulic, Jasmina, Milla, Mirra Noor, Mohammed, Idris, Molinario, Erica, Moyano, Manuel, Muhammad, Hayat, Mula, Silvana, Muluk, Hamdi, Myroniuk, Solomiia, Najafi, Reza, Nisa, Claudia F., Nyul, Boglarka, O'Keefe, Paul A., Olivas Osuna, Jose Javier, Osin, Evgeny N., Park, Joonha, Pica, Gennaro, Pierro, Antonio, Rees, Jonas, Reitsema, Anne Margit, Resta, Elena, Rullo, Marika, Ryan, Michelle K., Samekin, Adil, Santtila, Pekka, Sasin, Edyta, Schumpe, Birga M., Selim, Heyla A., Stanton, Michael Vicente, Sultana, Samiah, Tseliou, Eleftheria, Utsugi, Akira, van Breen, Jolien Anne, Van Lissa, Caspar J., Van Veen, Kees, vanDellen, Michelle R., Vazquez, Alexandra, Wollast, Robin, Yeung, Victoria Wai-Lan, Zand, Somayeh, Zezelj, Iris Lav, Zheng, Bang, Zick, Andreas, Zuniga, Claudia, and Leander, N. Pontus

Abstract

Understanding the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake is important to inform policy decisions and plan vaccination campaigns. The aims of this research were to: (1) explore the individual- and country-level determinants of intentions to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, and (2) examine worldwide variation in vaccination intentions. This cross-sectional online survey was conducted during the first wave of the pandemic, involving 6697 respondents across 20 countries. Results showed that 72.9% of participants reported positive intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19, whereas 16.8% were undecided, and 10.3% reported they would not be vaccinated. At the individual level, prosociality was a significant positive predictor of vaccination intentions, whereas generic beliefs in conspiracy theories and religiosity were negative predictors. Country-level determinants, including cultural dimensions of individualism/collectivism and power distance, were not significant predictors of vaccination intentions. Altogether, this study identifies individual-level predictors that are common across multiple countries, provides further evidence on the importance of combating conspiracy theories, involving religious institutions in vaccination campaigns, and stimulating prosocial motives to encourage vaccine uptake.

Published
2023

14. Identifying important individual- and country-level predictors of conspiracy theorizing: A machine learning analysis

Author

Douglas, Karen M., Sutton, Robbie M., Van Lissa, Caspar J., Stroebe, Wolfgang, Kreienkamp, Jannis, Agostini, Maximilian, Belanger, Jocelyn J., Guetzkow, Ben, Abakoumkin, Georgios, Khaiyom, Jamilah Hanum Abdul, Ahmedi, Vjollca, Akkaş, Handan, Almenara, Carlos A., Atta, Mohsin, Bagci, Sabahat Cigdem, Basel, Sima, Berisha Kida, Edona, Bernardo, Allan B. I., Buttrick, Nicholas R., Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choi, Hoon-Seok, Cristea, Mioara, Csaba, Sara, Damnjanovic, Kaja, Danyliuk, Ivan, Dash, Arobindu, Di Santo, Daniela, Enea, Violeta, Faller, Daiane Gracieli, Fitzsimons, Gavan, Gheorghiu, Alexandra, Gomez, Angel, Hamaidia, Ali, Han, Qing, Helmy, Mai, Hudiyana, Joevarian, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Yu Jiang, Ding, Jovanovic, Veljko, Kamenov, Zeljka, Kende, Anna, Keng, Shian-Ling, Kieu, Tra Thi Thanh, Koc, Yasin, Kovyazina, Kamila, Kozytska, Inna, Krause, Joshua, Kruglanski, Arie W., Kurapov, Anton, Kutlaca, Maja, Lantos, Nora Anna, Lemay, Edward P., Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya, Louis, Winnifred R., Lueders, Adrian, Malik, Najma Iqbal, Martinez, Anton, McCabe, Kira O., Mehulic, Jasmina, Milla, Mirra Noor, Mohammed, Idris, Molinario, Erica, Moyano, Manuel, Muhammad, Hayat, Mula, Silvana, Muluk, Hamdi, Myroniuk, Solomiia, Najafi, Reza, Nisa, Claudia F., Nyul, Boglarka, O'Keefe, Paul A., Olivas Osuna, Jose Javier, Osin, Evgeny N., Park, Joonha, Pica, Gennaro, Pierro, Antonio, Rees, Jonas, Reitsema, Anne Margit, Resta, Elena, Rullo, Marika, Ryan, Michelle K., Samekin, Adil, Santtila, Pekka, Sasin, Edyta, Schumpe, Birga M., Selim, Heyla A., Stanton, Michael Vicente, Sultana, Samiah, Tseliou, Eleftheria, Utsugi, Akira, van Breen, Jolien Anne, Van Veen, Kees, vanDellen, Michelle R., Vazquez, Alexandra, Wollast, Robin, Yeung, Victoria Wai-Lan, Zand, Somayeh, Zezelj, Iris L., Zheng, Bang, Zick, Andreas, Zuniga, Claudia, Leander, N. Pontus, Douglas, Karen M., Sutton, Robbie M., Van Lissa, Caspar J., Stroebe, Wolfgang, Kreienkamp, Jannis, Agostini, Maximilian, Belanger, Jocelyn J., Guetzkow, Ben, Abakoumkin, Georgios, Khaiyom, Jamilah Hanum Abdul, Ahmedi, Vjollca, Akkaş, Handan, Almenara, Carlos A., Atta, Mohsin, Bagci, Sabahat Cigdem, Basel, Sima, Berisha Kida, Edona, Bernardo, Allan B. I., Buttrick, Nicholas R., Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choi, Hoon-Seok, Cristea, Mioara, Csaba, Sara, Damnjanovic, Kaja, Danyliuk, Ivan, Dash, Arobindu, Di Santo, Daniela, Enea, Violeta, Faller, Daiane Gracieli, Fitzsimons, Gavan, Gheorghiu, Alexandra, Gomez, Angel, Hamaidia, Ali, Han, Qing, Helmy, Mai, Hudiyana, Joevarian, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Yu Jiang, Ding, Jovanovic, Veljko, Kamenov, Zeljka, Kende, Anna, Keng, Shian-Ling, Kieu, Tra Thi Thanh, Koc, Yasin, Kovyazina, Kamila, Kozytska, Inna, Krause, Joshua, Kruglanski, Arie W., Kurapov, Anton, Kutlaca, Maja, Lantos, Nora Anna, Lemay, Edward P., Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya, Louis, Winnifred R., Lueders, Adrian, Malik, Najma Iqbal, Martinez, Anton, McCabe, Kira O., Mehulic, Jasmina, Milla, Mirra Noor, Mohammed, Idris, Molinario, Erica, Moyano, Manuel, Muhammad, Hayat, Mula, Silvana, Muluk, Hamdi, Myroniuk, Solomiia, Najafi, Reza, Nisa, Claudia F., Nyul, Boglarka, O'Keefe, Paul A., Olivas Osuna, Jose Javier, Osin, Evgeny N., Park, Joonha, Pica, Gennaro, Pierro, Antonio, Rees, Jonas, Reitsema, Anne Margit, Resta, Elena, Rullo, Marika, Ryan, Michelle K., Samekin, Adil, Santtila, Pekka, Sasin, Edyta, Schumpe, Birga M., Selim, Heyla A., Stanton, Michael Vicente, Sultana, Samiah, Tseliou, Eleftheria, Utsugi, Akira, van Breen, Jolien Anne, Van Veen, Kees, vanDellen, Michelle R., Vazquez, Alexandra, Wollast, Robin, Yeung, Victoria Wai-Lan, Zand, Somayeh, Zezelj, Iris L., Zheng, Bang, Zick, Andreas, Zuniga, Claudia, and Leander, N. Pontus

Abstract

Psychological research on the predictors of conspiracy theorizing-explaining important social and political events or circumstances as secret plots by malevolent groups-has flourished in recent years. However, research has typically examined only a small number of predictors in one, or a small number of, national contexts. Such approaches make it difficult to examine the relative importance of predictors, and risk overlooking some potentially relevant variables altogether. To overcome this limitation, the present study used machine learning to rank-order the importance of 115 individual- and country-level variables in predicting conspiracy theorizing. Data were collected from 56,072 respondents across 28 countries during the early weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic. Echoing previous findings, important predictors at the individual level included societal discontent, paranoia, and personal struggle. Contrary to prior research, important country-level predictors included indicators of political stability and effective government COVID response, which suggests that conspiracy theorizing may thrive in relatively well-functioning democracies.

Published
2023

18. Pandemic Boredom: Little Evidence That Lockdown-Related Boredom Affects Risky Public Health Behaviors Across 116 Countries

Author

Westgate, Erin C., Buttrick, Nicholas R., Lin, Yijun, El Helou, Gaelle, Agostini, Maximilian, Belanger, Jocelyn J., Gützkow, Ben, Kreienkamp, Jannis, Abakoumkin, Georgios, Abdul Khaiyom, Jamilah Hanum, Ahmedi, Vjollca, Akkas, Handan, Almenara, Carlos A., Atta, Mohsin, Bagci, Sabahat Cigdem, Basel, Sima, Berisha Kida, Edona, Bernardo, Allan B. I., Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choi, Hoon-Seok, Cristea, Mioara, Csaba, Sara, Damnjanovic, Kaja, Danyliuk, Ivan, Dash, Arobindu, Di Santo, Daniela, Douglas, Karen M., Enea, Violeta, Faller, Daiane Gracieli, Fitzsimons, Gavan, Gheorghiu, Alexandra, Gomez, Angel, Hamaidia, Ali, Han, Qing, Helmy, Mai, Hudiyana, Joevarian, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Jiang, Ding-Yu, Jovanovic, Veljko, Kamenov, Zeljka, Kende, Anna, Keng, Shian-Ling, Kieu, Tra Thi Thanh, Koc, Yasin, Kovyazina, Kamila, Kozytska, Inna, Krause, Joshua, Kruglanski, Arie W., Kurapov, Anton, Kutlaca, Maja, Lantos, Nora Anna, Lemay, Edward P., Lesmana, Cokorda Bagus Jaya, Louis, Winnifred R., Lueders, Adrian, Maj, Marta, Malik, Najma Iqbal, Martinez, Anton, McCabe, Kira O., Mehulic, Jasmina, Milla, Mirra Noor, Mohammed, Idris, Molinario, Erica, Moyano, Manuel, Muhammad, Hayat, Mula, Silvana, Muluk, Hamdi, Myroniuk, Solomiia, Najafi, Reza, Nisa, Claudia F., Nyul, Boglarka, O'Keefe, Paul A., Olivas Osuna, Jose Javier, Osin, Evgeny N., Park, Joonha, Pica, Gennaro, Pierro, Antonio, Rees, Jonas, Reitsema, Anne Margit, Resta, Elena, Rullo, Marika, Ryan, Michelle K., Samekin, Adil, Santtila, Pekka, Sasin, Edyta, Schumpe, Birga M., Selim, Heyla A., Stanton, Michael Vicente, Stroebe, Wolfgang, Sutton, Robbie M., Tseliou, Eleftheria, Utsugi, Akira, van Breen, Jolien Anne, Van Lissa, Caspar J., Van Veen, Kees, vanDellen, Michelle R., Vazquez, Alexandra, Wollast, Robin, Yeung, Victoria Wai-lan, Zand, Somayeh, Zezelj, Iris Lav, Zheng, Bang, Zick, Andreas, Zuniga, Claudia, and Leander, N. Pontus

Subjects
self-regulation, Simpson's paradox, public health, emotion, COVID-19, General Psychology
Abstract

Some public officials have expressed concern that policies mandating collective public health behaviors (e.g., national/regional "lockdown ") may result in behavioral fatigue that ultimately renders such policies ineffective. Boredom, specifically, has been singled out as one potential risk factor for noncompliance. We examined whether there was empirical evidence to support this concern during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large cross-national sample of 63,336 community respondents from 116 countries. Although boredom was higher in countries with more COVID-19 cases and in countries that instituted more stringent lockdowns, such boredom did not predict longitudinal within-person decreases in social distancing behavior (or vice versa; n = 8,031) in early spring and summer of 2020. Overall, we found little evidence that changes in boredom predict individual public health behaviors (handwashing, staying home, self-quarantining, and avoiding crowds) over time, or that such behaviors had any reliable longitudinal effects on boredom itself. In summary, contrary to concerns, we found little evidence that boredom posed a public health risk during lockdown and quarantine.

Published
2023

20. Terrorism--A (Self) Love Story: Redirecting the Significance Quest Can End Violence

Author

Kruglanski, Arie W., Belanger, Jocelyn J., and Gelfand, Michele

Abstract

Jean-Jacques Rousseau's concepts of self-love ("amour propre") and love of self ("amour de soi meme") are applied to the psychology of terrorism. Self-love is concern with one's image in the eyes of respected others, members of one's group. It denotes one's feeling of personal significance, the sense that one's life has meaning in accordance with the values of one's society. Love of self, in contrast, is individualistic concern with self-preservation, comfort, safety, and the survival of self and loved ones. We suggest that self-love defines a motivational force that when awakened arouses the goal of a significance quest. When a group perceives itself in conflict with dangerous detractors, its ideology may prescribe violence and terrorism against the enemy as a means of significance gain that gratifies self-love concerns. This may involve sacrificing one's self-preservation goals, encapsulated in Rousseau's concept of love of self. The foregoing notions afford the integration of diverse quantitative and qualitative findings on individuals' road to terrorism and back. Understanding the significance quest and the conditions of its constructive fulfillment may be crucial to reversing the current tide of global terrorism.

Published
2013
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21. The Energetics of Motivated Cognition: A Force-Field Analysis

Author

Kruglanski, Arie W., Belanger, Jocelyn J., and Chen, Xiaoyan

Abstract

A force-field theory of motivated cognition is presented and applied to a broad variety of phenomena in social judgment and self-regulation. Purposeful cognitive activity is assumed to be propelled by a "driving force" and opposed by a "restraining force". "Potential" driving force represents the maximal amount of energy an individual is prepared to invest in a cognitive activity. "Effective" driving force corresponds to the amount of energy he or she actually invests in attempt to match the restraining force. Magnitude of the potential driving force derives from a combination of goal importance and the pool of available mental resources, whereas magnitude of the restraining force derives from an individual's inclination to conserve resources, current task demands, and competing goals. The present analysis has implications for choice of means to achieve one's cognitive goals as well as for successful goal attainment under specific force-field constellations. Empirical evidence for these effects is considered, and the underlying theory's integrative potential is highlighted. (Contains 11 footnotes, 1 table, and 2 figures.)

Published
2012
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22. Towards a Globally Collaborative Behavioral Science: An Organizational Approach from Pandemic Psychology

Author

Leander, N. Pontus, Lemay, Edward, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Keller, Anita C., Agostini, Max, Belanger, Jocelyn J., Kreienkamp, Jannis, Kutlaca, Maja, Reitsema, Anne Margit, van Breen, Jolien, van Lissa, Caspar J., vanDellen, Michelle, Stroebe, Wolfgang, Myroniuk Myroniuk, Solomiia, Koc, Yasin, Krause, Joshua, van Veen, Kees, Abakoumkin, Georgios, Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Jamilah, Ahmedi, Vjollca, Akkas, Handan, Almenara, Carlos A, Kurapov, Anton, Atta, Mohsin, Bagci, S. Cigdem, Basel, Sima, Kida, Berisha, Bertolini, Anna, Buttrick, Nicholas, Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choi, Hoon-Seok, Cristea, Mioara, Csaba, Sara, Damnjanovic, Kaja, Danyliuk, Ivan, Dash, Arobindu, Di Santo, Daniela, Douglas, Karen M., Enea, Violeta, Faller, Daiane, Fitzsimons, Gavan J., Gelfand, M.J., Gheorghiu, Alexandra, Gómez, Ángel, Han, Qing, Helmy, Mai, Organizational Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Social Psychology, and Research programme GEM

Subjects
Coronavirus, Pandemic, Science, Psychology, Covid-19, PsyCorona
Abstract

The PsyCorona collaboration is a research project to examine processes involved in the COVID-19 pandemic, such as behavior that curbs virus transmission, which may implicate social norms, cooperation, and self-regulation. The study also examines psychosocial consequences of physical distancing strategies and societal lockdown, such as frustration of psychological and social needs, economic stressors, relationship strains, prejudice, psychological stress, and deteriorating mental health (e.g., Brooks et al., 2020). Related consequences were observed in past epidemics such as the 1918 flu pandemic (Dolan, 2020; Honigsbaum, 2019; Jeronimus, 2020). A global collaboration allows us to study the role of culture, and to make generalizable predictions on societal responses to virus infections.

Published
2020

24. Deradicalizing Detained Terrorists

Author

Webber, David, primary, Chernikova, Marina, additional, Kruglanski, Arie W., additional, Gelfand, Michele J., additional, Hettiarachchi, Malkanthi, additional, Gunaratna, Rohan, additional, Lafreniere, Marc‐Andre, additional, and Belanger, Jocelyn J., additional

Published
2017
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25. Thinking about Arabs and Muslims makes Americans shoot faster: Effects of category accessibility on aggressive responses in a shooter paradigm

Author

Mange, Jessica, Chun, W.Y., Sharvit, Keren, Belanger, Jocelyn J., Normandie Innovation Marché Entreprise Consommation (NIMEC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société (IRIHS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Chungnam National University (CNU), University of Haifa [Haifa], University of Maryland [Baltimore County] (UMBC), University of Maryland System, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), and Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN)

Subjects
[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, social sciences
Abstract

International audience; Is the same person perceived as more dangerous if the perceiver is induced to think about Arab and Muslim categories versus no category? Using the shooter paradigm, this study investigated the effects of the accessibility of ethnic (Arab) versus religious (Muslim) categories versus no category on spontaneous aggressive responses toward a target with an ambiguous appearance. Results demonstrated that shooting reactions toward armed targets were faster than non-shooting reactions toward unarmed targets, especially if the target was a man. Despite these main effects, participants made faster decisions to shoot an ambiguous armed target if primed with the category Arab or Muslim (versus no category priming). The findings indicate that the mere priming of these social categories is sufficient to facilitate aggressive responses, even if the targets themselves are ambiguous.

Published
2012

27. PsyCorona: A World of Reactions to COVID-19

Author

Jannis Kreienkamp, Maximilian Agostini, Joshua Krause, Pontus Leander, PsyCorona Collaboration, Belanger, Jocelyn J., Ben Gützkow, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Keller, Anita C., Maja Kutlaca, Edward Lemay, Wolfgang Stroebe, Jolien van Breen, Lissa, Caspar J., Dellen, Michelle R., Georgios Abakoumkin, Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Jamilah H. B., Vjollca Ahmedi, Handan Akkas, Almenara, Carlos A., Anton Kurapov, Mohsin Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Sima Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Buttrick, Nicholas R., Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok Choi, Mioara Cristea, Sara Csaba, Kaja Damnjanovic, Ivan Danyliuk, Arobindu Dash, Daniela Di Santo, Douglas, Karen M., Elissa El Khawli, Violeta Enea, Daiane Gracieli Faller, Gavan Fitzsimons, Gelfand, Michele J., Alexandra Gheorghiu, Ángel Gómez, Qing Han, Mai Helmy, Ding-Yu Jiang, Veljko Jovanovic, Željka Kamenov, Anna Kendec, Shian-Ling Keng, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin Koc, Catalina Kopetz, Kamila Kovyazina, Inna Kozytska, Kruglanski, Arie W., Nora Anna Lantos, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Louis, Winnifred R., Adrian Lueders, Najma Iqbal Malik, Anton Martinez, Mccabe, Kira O., Mirra Noor Milla, Idris Mohammed, Erica Molinario, Manuel Moyano, Hayat Muhammad, Silvana Mula, Hamdi Muluk, Solomiia Myroniuk, Reza Najafi, Nisa, Claudia F., Boglárka Nyúl, O’keefe, Paul A., Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Osin, Evgeny N., Joonha Park, Gennaro Pica, Antonio Pierro, Jonas Rees, Anne Margit Reitsema, Elena Resta, Marika Rullo, Ryan, Michelle K., and Adil Samekin

28. Towards a Globally Collaborative Behavioral Science

Author

Pontus Leander, Edward Lemay, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Keller, Anita C., Maximilian Agostini, Belanger, Jocelyn J., Jannis Kreienkamp, Maja Kutlaca, Anne Margit Reitsema, Jolien van Breen, Lissa, Caspar J., Michelle vanDellen, Wolfgang Stroebe, Solomiia Myroniuk, Yasin Koc, Joshua Krause, Kees van Veen, Georgios Abakoumkin, Jamilah Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Vjollca Ahmedi, Handan Akkas, Almenara, Carlos A., Anton Kurapov, Mohsin Atta, Cigdem Bagci, S., Sima Basel, Berisha Kida, Anna Bertolini, Nicholas Buttrick, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok Choi, Mioara Cristea, Sara Csaba, Kaja Damnjanovic, Ivan Danyliuk, Arobindu Dash, Daniela Di Santo, Douglas, Karen M., Violeta Enea, Daiane Faller, Fitzsimons, Gavan J., Gelfand, M. J., Alexandra Gheorghiu, Ángel Gómez, Qing Han, and Mai Helmy

29. Mapping the Moods of COVID-19

Author

Pontus Leander, Jannis Kreienkamp, Maximilian Agostini, PsyCorona Collaboration, Belanger, Jocelyn J., Ben Gützkow, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Anita Keller, Maja Kutlaca, Edward Lemay, Wolfgang Stroebe, Jolien van Breen, Lissa, Caspar J., Dellen, Michelle R., Georgios Abakoumkin, Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Jamilah H. B., Vjollca Ahmedi, Handan Akkas, Almenara, Carlos A., Anton Kurapov, Mohsin Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Sima Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Buttrick, Nicholas R., Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok Choi, Mioara Cristea, Sara Csaba, Kaja Damnjanovic, Ivan Danyliuk, Arobindu Dash, Daniela Di Santo, Douglas, Karen M., Elissa El Khawli, Violeta Enea, Daiane Gracieli Faller, Gavan Fitzsimons, Gelfand, Michele J., Alexandra Gheorghiu, Ángel Gómez, Qing Han, Mai Helmy, Ding-Yu Jiang, Veljko Jovanovic, Željka Kamenov, Anna Kendec, Shian-Ling Keng, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin Koc, Catalina Kopetz, Kamila Kovyazina, Inna Kozytska, Joshua Krause, Kruglanski, Arie W., Nora Anna Lantos, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Louis, Winnifred R., Adrian Lueders, Najma Iqbal Malik, Anton Martinez, Mccabe, Kira O., Mirra Noor Milla, Idris Mohammed, Erica Molinario, Manuel Moyano, Hayat Muhammad, Silvana Mula, Hamdi Muluk, Solomiia Myroniuk, Reza Najafi, Nisa, Claudia F., Boglárka Nyúl, O’keefe, Paul A., Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Osin, Evgeny N., Joonha Park, Gennaro Pica, Antonio Pierro, Jonas Rees, Anne Margit Reitsema, Elena Resta, Marika Rullo, Ryan, Michelle K., and Adil Samekin

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