Search

Your search keyword '"Belal, Y"' showing total 26 results
Start Over Author "Belal, Y"
26 results on '"Belal, Y"'

2. First report of mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from turkeys in the Gaza Strip, Palestine

Author

Ahmed M. Thabet, Ibrahim M. Alzuheir, Nahed A. Al Laham, Belal Y. Abu Helal, Adnan F. Fayyad, and Nasr H. Jalboush

Subjects
avian pathogenic escherichia coli, colistin, gaza strip, turkey, Animal culture, SF1-1100, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Background and Aim: Colistin is used to treat avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), a microorganism that affects turkey meat production in the Gaza Strip and worldwide. However, the recent emergence of plasmid-borne mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes in pathogenic E. coli strains is a serious antimicrobial resistance (AMR) challenge for both human and animal health. In December 2018, colistin was banned as a veterinary antimicrobial in the Gaza Strip. This study aimed to detect and track the prevalence of colistin-resistant APEC isolated from turkey flocks in the Gaza Strip. Materials and Methods: This study investigated 239 APEC isolates from turkey flocks in the Gaza Strip between October 2018 and December 2021 (at 6-month intervals). The colistin-resistant APEC strains were detected using the broth microdilution method. The mcr-1 gene was identified using a polymerase chain reaction. Results: The overall colistin resistance among the isolated APECs was 32.2% during the study period. The average resistance in the first interval was 37.5%, which significantly decreased to 9.3% in the last interval. Among the 77 phenotypically resistant isolates, 32.4% were positive for mcr-1. The average abundance of mcr-1 in the first interval was 66.6%, which decreased to 25% in the last interval. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the presence of the mcr-1 gene among the APEC isolates from turkeys in the Gaza Strip. Banned veterinary use of colistin significantly decreased the percentage of resistant APEC isolates from turkeys in Gaza Strip. Further studies are needed to investigate other colistin resistance genes and track the emergence of AMR.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. The effect of swirl burner design configuration on combustion and emission characteristics of lean pre-vaporized premixed flames

Author

Gesheng Li, Hesham M. El-Batsh, Ali M.A. Attia, Zunhua Zhang, H. A. Moneib, and Belal Y. Belal

Subjects
Pressure drop, Jet (fluid), Materials science, 020209 energy, Mechanical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, Aerodynamics, Mechanics, Combustion, Pollution, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Adiabatic flame temperature, General Energy, 020401 chemical engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Combustor, Exhaust emission, 0204 chemical engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NOx, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

The present paper experimentally provides a quantitative comparison between the aerodynamic flow field at non-reaction conditions (cold flow) and the combustion and emission characteristics (hot conditions) of two swirl burners having the same swirl number of 0.55 but with two different configurations. The first burner features an annular outer swirler (swirl angle of 40°) and multiple central circular jets, leading to “low swirl combustion”, whereas the second burner has a blocked central passage and an outer swirler (swirl angle of 35°) resulting in “high swirl combustion”; featuring a central recirculation zone. The cold flow study is conducted using a calibrated five-hole probe while the combustion and emission characteristics are obtained via measurements of flame temperatures and the dry volumetric analysis of CO and NOx emissions. Each burner is coaxially mounted to a vertical cylindrical combustor; inside which a lean (equivalence ratio: ϕ = 0.75), pre-vaporized (preheated to a temperature of 523 K) partially premixed mixture of Jet A-1 fuel and air are admitted. The former low swirl combustion burner gives a bulk stable and uniform reaction zone (W-shape) close to the burner exit with a very slight lifting; confirming the concept of “stable lifting” while reducing the pressure drop across the burner exit and eliminating hot spots in the reaction zone. The high swirl combustion burner exhibits a strong central recirculation zone (better flame stability) that is surrounded by an outer V-shape reaction zone having comparatively higher peak levels of temperature, CO and NOx that would lead to greater liability of higher exhaust emission.

Published
2021

15. Effect of waste cooking oil methyl ester – Jet A-1 fuel blends on emissions and combustion characteristics of a swirl-stabilized lean pre-vaporized premixed flame

Author

H. A. Moneib, Belal Y. Belal, Hesham M. El-Batsh, and Ali M.A. Attia

Subjects
Premixed flame, Biodiesel, Jet (fluid), Materials science, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Organic Chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, Jet fuel, Combustion, Fuel Technology, 020401 chemical engineering, Chemical engineering, Biofuel, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Combustor, 0204 chemical engineering, NOx
Abstract

In the current work, Lean Pre-vaporized Premixed (LPP) combustion concept was used to investigate the flame characteristics of blended fuels using 5, 10, 15, and 20% blending ratios of Waste Cooking Oil Methyl Ester (WCOME) with Jet A-1 (symbolized as B5, B10, B15, and B20). Here, WCOME was produced from raw waste cooking oil by transesterification process with the help of ultrasonicator to reduce the production time. The flame was stabilized using a swirl burner characterized by the formation of central recirculation zone with Swirl Number (SN) equal 0.55; commonly called High Swirl Burner (HSB). The incoming air was preheated to a constant temperature of 250 °C and mixed with air at equivalence ratio φ of 0.75 for all tested fuel blends. Comparing to neat Jet A-1 fuel flame, flames of WCOME/Jet A-1 fuel blend revealed great effect of adding biodiesel to Jet A-1 on local and global emission characteristics of LPP combustion with comparable temperature distributions. Results showed a significant reduction in CO and NOx emissions indices for B20 at combustor exit by 41% and 30%, respectively, compared to those for pure Jet A-1 fuel. Aiming to increase the share of biofuel in fuel combustion, it can be concluded that, Jet A-1 fuel can be replaced by B20 without any modifications in the combustor design as they have similar temperature distribution with potential to remarkably reduce emissions.

Published
2020

16. Detection of canine parvovirus type 2c (CPV-2c) in Palestine.

Author

Alzuheir, Ibrahim M., Fayyad, Adnan F., Abu Helal, Belal Y., Atalla, Hatem A., and Jalboush, Nasr H.

Subjects
*CANINE parvovirus, *AMINO acid sequence, *DOMESTICATION of animals, *POLYMERASE chain reaction, *VACCINATION status, *VIRAL proteins
Abstract

Introduction: The objective of the present study was to report, for the first time, the presence of canine parvovirus type 2c (CPV-2c) in domesticated dogs with acute gastroenteritis and to characterize the antigenic variants circulating in Palestine. Methodology: A veterinary clinical-based epidemiological study was carried out between December 2022 and April 2023. Fifty fecal samples were collected from dogs with gastroenteritis and screened for CPV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction. The distribution of positive cases according to various epidemiological factors was studied. Partial sequencing of the viral protein 2 (VP2) gene was performed for the analysis of CPV-2 variants. Results: Most of the investigated samples (60%; n = 50) during the study period were found positive for CPV-2 infection. There was no difference in the distribution of positive cases of CPV-2 infection based on age group, gender, location, and vaccination status. The analysis of nucleotide and amino acid sequences from amplified products, as well as phylogenetic analysis, revealed the presence of CPV-2c clustered with Asian CPV-2c variants. Conclusions: In summary, this study represents the initial genetic analysis of CPV-2 present in Palestinian dogs with gastroenteritis and provides evidence that confirms the existence of the CPV-2c variants. To determine the prevailing CPV-2 variant associated with the infection, it is crucial to conduct further sequence analysis using large populations of both domestic and wild canines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. تصميم طريقة فعالة حديدة لتشفير البيانات باستخدام مفتاحيت

Author

Abusalim, Belal Y and Mikki, Mohammad A

Abstract

Internet security has witnessed an explosive and exciting growth in the past three decades . Under the surface of excitement lies a mine of technical and commercial challenges. Without solving these challenges, secure systems will not reach the expected potential. Security can be achieved via encryption. Encryption uses b“keys” to encrypt and decrypt the information. Without having the cryptographic key, the ciphered information will never be converted into its original text. The selective application of technological and related procedural safeguards is an important responsibility of every organization in providing adequate security to its electronic data systems. Protection of data during transmission or while in storage may be necessary to maintain the confidentiality and integrity of the information represented by the data. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) that uses 128 bit block size as well as 128 bits key size was introduced by NIST. Encryption is a method by which data – digital or otherwise – is converted into an encoded form that can only be decoded and read if the user possesses an appropriate encryption key. It represents one of several techniques that may be applied to protect research data from unauthorized access. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), which is a very popular choice in terrestrial communications, is slowly emerging as the preferred option in the aerospace industry including satellites. AES is a block cipher, which encrypts one block of fixed length data at a time. Symmetric encryption is widely used to enforce data security and provide other cryptographic primitives. This thesis proposed a new efficient approach for data encryption algorithm using two keys. One supplied and generated by the system that's specific to an individual user and one from the user (user key).I hashed the user key with the system key to get a master key which will be used at the end to encrypt data. I used AES as the basis of our approach. AES is symmetric key that uses only one key. So my proposed cryptographic system is symmetric. By two keys method, the new algorithm had several useful properties. First, it is fast, Second, can be easily implemented in hardware. Third, it is highly secure. Similar to DES, when one bit in the data is charged the encryption code will have many bits charged. The length of data block can vary. The encryption mode can be changed easily. The proposed approach may be used by large organizations, governments, banks in addition to individuals.

Published
2015

19. Evaluation report: UNIFEM'sd work on gender-responsive budgeting: Gender-responsive budgeting programme: Morocco

Author

Johnson, K. (Karen), Evers, B. (Barbara), Engelhardt, A. (Achim), Watkins, F. (Francis), Bergh, S.I. (Sylvia), Belal, Y. (Youssef), Johnson, K. (Karen), Evers, B. (Barbara), Engelhardt, A. (Achim), Watkins, F. (Francis), Bergh, S.I. (Sylvia), and Belal, Y. (Youssef)

Abstract

The primary objective of this assessment is “to evaluate progress towards GRB programming outcomes and outputs at country level through a case study of the Global GRB Programme: Phase II”.2 This report also aims to support future GRB programming by consolidating and testing the theories of change that underpin UNIFEM’s work in this thematic area to identify enabling and disabling factors that affect the implementation of GRB programmes and to inform UNIFEM’s learning on effective strategies, models and practices in promoting gender accountability in budgetary policies and practices.3 The Morocco assessment took place at the end of Phase II of the Global GRB Programme, which ran from January 2005 to December 2008. The evaluation criteria used for analysis

Published
2009

25. First report of mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from turkeys in the Gaza Strip, Palestine.

Author

Thabet, Ahmed M., Alzuheir, Ibrahim M., Al Laham, Nahed A., Helal, Belal Y. Abu, Fayyad, Adnan F., Jalboush, Nasr H., and Gharaibeh, Mohammad H.

Subjects
*ESCHERICHIA coli, *COLISTIN, *POLYMERASE chain reaction, *AVIAN influenza A virus, *DRUG resistance in microorganisms, *ANIMAL health, *KLEBSIELLA pneumoniae
Abstract

Background and Aim: Colistin is used to treat avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), a microorganism that affects turkey meat production in the Gaza Strip and worldwide. However, the recent emergence of plasmid-borne mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes in pathogenic E. coli strains is a serious antimicrobial resistance (AMR) challenge for both human and animal health. In December 2018, colistin was banned as a veterinary antimicrobial in the Gaza Strip. This study aimed to detect and track the prevalence of colistin-resistant APEC isolated from turkey flocks in the Gaza Strip. Materials and Methods: This study investigated 239 APEC isolates from turkey flocks in the Gaza Strip between October 2018 and December 2021 (at 6-month intervals). The colistin-resistant APEC strains were detected using the broth microdilution method. The mcr-1 gene was identified using a polymerase chain reaction. Results: The overall colistin resistance among the isolated APECs was 32.2% during the study period. The average resistance in the first interval was 37.5%, which significantly decreased to 9.3% in the last interval. Among the 77 phenotypically resistant isolates, 32.4% were positive for mcr-1. The average abundance of mcr-1 in the first interval was 66.6%, which decreased to 25% in the last interval. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the presence of the mcr-1 gene among the APEC isolates from turkeys in the Gaza Strip. Banned veterinary use of colistin significantly decreased the percentage of resistant APEC isolates from turkeys in Gaza Strip. Further studies are needed to investigate other colistin resistance genes and track the emergence of AMR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Different meanings of a three-point decline in MMSE score in Alzheimer's disease and depressive disorder.

Author

Sejunaite K, Belal Y, Lanza C, and Riepe MW

Abstract

Background: The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a composite scale that is included in diagnostic algorithms and in procedures to assess severity of cognitive impairment and efficacy of therapeutic interventions. It is unclear, however, whether the MMSE provides information about the same deficits in different diseases., Aims: To assess patterns of MMSE scores in patients with confirmed diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease or depressive disorder., Method: We used data from a previously published cross-sectional retrospective observational clinical cohort study. The final analysis included only patients in whom biomarker analysis showed results characteristic of Alzheimer's disease ( n = 167) and patients with depressive disorder in whom Alzheimer's disease had been ruled out by analysis of biomarkers ( n = 69)., Results: A three-point decline in MMSE score from 30 to 27 reflected impairment of memory recall in patients with Alzheimer's disease, whereas it reflected impairments in calculation and memory recall in patients with depressive disorder. A further three-point decline in MMSE score from 27 to 24 predominantly reflected additional calculation impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease., Conclusions: Our results indicate that memory performance is the most important measure of disease severity and the main contributor to the decline in MMSE score at onset of clinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease. In general, this suggests that memory should be the primary measure used in routine clinical care and the primary endpoint in clinical trials involving patients with Alzheimer's disease at onset of clinical manifestation. Changes in other measures of cognition should prompt consideration of possible comorbidities as a cause, rather than the impact of Alzheimer's disease itself.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results