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Objectives: To investigate tear function and ocular surface disease (OSD) findings in patients with glaucoma who received antiglaucoma medication in one eye and trabeculectomy surgery in the other eye., Materials and Methods: The patient group included 38 eyes of 19 patients who had undergone trabeculectomy surgery with mitomycin C (MMC) treatment in one eye at least 6 months prior. These eyes were followed up without medication while the fellow eye continued receiving antiglaucomatous medication. The control group comprised 20 eyes of 20 healthy individuals. Demographic data, follow-up period after trabeculectomy, antiglaucoma medications, number of drops per day, and duration of medication were recorded. Tear break-up time (BUT), corneal and conjunctival fluorescein staining, Schirmer II test, and conjunctival impression cytology were performed., Results: A statistically significant difference was observed in BUT, corneal and conjunctival fluorescein staining, Schirmer II test, and Nelson staging levels in both eyes of patients with glaucoma compared to the control group (p=0.05). Although not statistically significant, BUT, Schirmer II test, punctate staining, and Nelson staging results showed improvement with increasing postoperative time., Conclusion: In our patient group, antiglaucoma medications and trabeculectomy surgery with MMC induced OSD to a similar degree. No superiority was observed between trabeculectomy with MMC and antiglaucoma drops in terms of OSD incidence., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors., (©Copyright 2024 by the Turkish Ophthalmological Association / Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology published by Galenos Publishing House.)

Prcis: In addition to standard automated perimetry tests, contrast sensitivity testing and macular analyses may predict changes in the quality of life in patients at different stages of glaucoma., Purpose: To examine the relationship between functional and structural tests of visual function and the 25-item National Eye Institute-Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) in patients with different stages of glaucoma., Materials and Methods: Standard automated perimetry tests, optical coherence tomography scans, and contrast sensitivity (CS) testing were prospectively performed in 160 patients with glaucoma. The Hoddap-Parrish-Anderson staging system was used for glaucoma staging. Health-related quality of life questionnaires (NEI-VFQ-25, SF-36) were also administered to all patients., Results: The study group comprised 29 patients with suspected glaucoma, 104 with mild glaucoma, 15 with moderate glaucoma, and 12 with severe glaucoma. The mean total score of the NEI-VFQ-25 was 88.8±8.2. The SF-36 did not show a significant correlation with the data on functional and structural tests of visual function, whereas the NEI-VFQ-25 showed a low to moderate correlation (r=0.212--0.492). Vision parameters can explain up to 18.6% of the total score of the NEI-VFQ-25. CS was the only function significantly correlated with glaucoma suspects, while in the early stages, VA was the strongest correlated function with the NEI-VFQ-25 total score (P=0.003 and r=0.551; P=0.001 and r=0.343, respectively). The impact of the visual field on vision-related quality of life increased in the advanced stages (P=0.013, r=0.688). The macular retinal ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer thickness remained associated with NEI-VFQ-25 at all stages of glaucoma (r=0.335-0.802). The NEI-VFQ-25 total score and most of the subscales were correlated with the physical and mental component summary scores of the SF-36 (r=0.159-0.587)., Conclusion: VA correlated the most with quality of life in glaucoma patients, as measured with the NEI-VFQ-25 to assess quality of life in glaucoma. The impact of visual functions on quality of life varies at different stages of glaucoma., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationships among blood parameters, clinical factors, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely premature (EP) infants., Methods: This retrospective study included 153 EP infants who were categorized into two groups based on the presence of inflammatory diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis, neonatal sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, preeclampsia, and premature rupture of membranes. Complete blood count parameters, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic inflammatory index, and platelet mass index were recorded during the first week and first month after birth. The study analyzed the impact of parameters obtained through blood tests during the first week and first month on the development of ROP and the requirement for treatment., Results: In this study, 96 infants were diagnosed with inflammatory diseases. After multivariate regression analyses, the duration of mechanical ventilation (p = 0.010) was found to be the only factor that led to ROP development. Moreover, lower gestational age (GA) (p = 0.006), higher NLR (p = 0.026), and lower PLR (p = 0.019) were observed in infants requiring treatment compared to infants with spontaneous resolution of ROP in this group. 57 infants did not have inflammatory diseases. Although the duration of mechanical ventilation (p = 0.041) and low levels of platelets (PLT) (p = 0.046) measured in the first month postnatally were significantly found to be associated with ROP developement, no parameter affecting the required treatment could be determined., Conclusion: EP infants with longer mechanical ventilation durations and lower PLT counts are vulnerable to ROP development. GA, PLR, and NLR are predictive factors for treatment., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Background/aim: To compare the efficacy of topical 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA) and 0.1% topical cyclosporine A (CsA) over a 6-month period following pterygium surgery, specifically evaluating their effects on postoperative recurrence and clinical parameters., Material and Methods: This clinical study enrolled 245 patients with pterygium who underwent surgery using the conjunctival autograft technique with mitomycin C (MMC) were enrolled. Participants were divided into three groups: Group 1 (0.05% CsA) (n = 80), Group 2 (0.1% CsA) (n = 80), and a control group (n = 85). They were examined at postoperative first day, first week, first month and sixth month. The examination included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), presence of inflammation, and ptergium recurrence, all of which were compared across the groups., Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.22 ± 9.39 years, with 53.3% male and 46.7% female. The three groups were similar in terms of demographic characteristics and pterygium size. Inflammation in surgical area significantly regressed in all groups at 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.05). Inflammation in the first and sixth months was not different between the groups (p = 0.118, p = 0.580, and p = 0.435, respectively). The recurrence rate was not different between groups (p = 0.890). There was no statistically significant difference between groups regarding IOP (p = 0.818). A significant increase in BCVA after surgery was observed in three groups compared to preoperative levels (p < 0.05)., Conclusion: This study showed that there was no difference between the efficacy of 6 month topical 0.05% CsA and 0.1% CsA application after pterygium surgery with the conjunctival autograft technique with MMC on postoperative outcomes. Including postoperative recurrence, IOP changes, BCVA changes and surgical area inflammation., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: The authors have no financial interest to disclose. No grants and/or support have been received from any organization and/or institution., (© TÜBİTAK.)

Background: Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is an increasingly common type of visual disturbance in infants and children. The increased incidence is associated with improved neonatal intensive care services and survival of premature infants, especially in developed countries and our country. For accurate ophthalmological evaluation, it is important to know the behavioral responses to visual stimuli that are unique to CVI such as color preference, need for movement, visual latency, visual field preference, and difficulty in visual complexity., Methods: This review is prepared to draw attention to the subject within the scope of Ankara University Vision, Artificial Vision and Low Vision Rehabilitation training programs., Results: The most common causes are hypoxia and perinatal ischemia. Ocular structures are generally normal or are not sufficient to explain the visual impairment. Diagnosis and habilitation methods differ from visual impairment of ocular origin. As a result, early diagnosis of CVI in infants and toddlers and an effective visual habilitation with a multidisciplinary approach where ophthalmologists and pediatricians lead the team is very valuable., Conclusions: Early diagnosis and early visual habilitation will increase the quality of life of babies and will provide important gains for families and therefore the whole society. Pediatricians should be familiar with this group of disturbances and the available resources, as they are best placed to refer the child for evaluation and rehabilitation and encourage the family for follow-up.