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4. Assembly of confocal silicon pore optics mirror modules

Author

Barrière, Nicolas M., primary, Babic, Ljubiša, additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Castiglione, Luigi, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Eenkhoorn, Noë, additional, Girou, David, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Jenkins, Yvette, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Mendoza Serano, Gregorio, additional, Thete, Aniket, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Riekerink, Mark O., additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Schurink, Bart, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda, additional, and Burwitz, Vadim, additional

Published
2021
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5. SPO mirror plate production and coating

Author

Landgraf, Boris, primary, Babic, Ljubiša, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Castiglione, Luigi, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Eenkhoorn, Noë, additional, Girou, David, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Jenkins, Yvette, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Serano, Gregorio M., additional, Thete, Aniket, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Riekerink, Mark O., additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Wijnperlé, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, Schurink, Bart, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Hieltjes, Paul, additional, den Herder, Jan-Willem, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Ferreira, Desiree D. M., additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Kailla, Geeta, additional, Phillips, Gavin, additional, Mundon, William, additional, Chequer, Ian, additional, and Ball, Kevin, additional

Published
2021
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6. Silicon pore optics x-ray mirror development for the Athena telescope

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Babic, Ljubiša, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Castiglione, Luigi, additional, Eenkhoorn, Noë, additional, Girou, David, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Jenkins, Yvette, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Mendoza Serrano, Gregorio, additional, Thete, Aniket, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Riekerink, Mark O., additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Wijnperlé, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, Schurink, Bart, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Hieltjes, Paul, additional, den Herder, Jan-Willem, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Ferreira, Desiree D. M., additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Kailla, Geeta, additional, Mundon, William, additional, Philips, Gavin, additional, and Ball, Kevin, additional

Published
2021
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7. Environmental testing of the Athena telescope mirror modules

Author

Girou, David, primary, van Baren, Coen, additional, te Kloeze, Ivar, additional, Castiglione, Luigi, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Babic, Ljubiša, additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Eenkhoorn, Noë, additional, Gunther, Ramses, additional, Jenkins, Yvette, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Thete, Aniket, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Campoli, Gianni, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Marioni, Fabio, additional, and Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2021
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8. SPO mirror plate production and coating

Author

O'Dell, Stephen L., Gaskin, Jessica A., Pareschi, Giovanni, Landgraf, Boris, Babić, Ljubiša, Barrière, Nicolas M., Bayerle, Alex, Castiglione, Luigi, Collon, Maximilien J., Eenkhoorn, Noë, Girou, David, Günther, Ramses, Hauser, Enrico, Jenkins, Yvette, Keek, Laurens, Okma, Ben, Serano, Gregorio M., Thete, Aniket, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ferreira, Ivo, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Riekerink, Mark O., Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperlé, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan Joost, Schurink, Bart, Start, Ronald, Van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, Den Herder, Jan Willem, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, Bradshaw, Miranda, Burwitz, Vadim, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Ferreira, Desirée Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Kailla, Geeta, Phillips, Gavin, Mundon, William, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, O'Dell, Stephen L., Gaskin, Jessica A., Pareschi, Giovanni, Landgraf, Boris, Babić, Ljubiša, Barrière, Nicolas M., Bayerle, Alex, Castiglione, Luigi, Collon, Maximilien J., Eenkhoorn, Noë, Girou, David, Günther, Ramses, Hauser, Enrico, Jenkins, Yvette, Keek, Laurens, Okma, Ben, Serano, Gregorio M., Thete, Aniket, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Ferreira, Ivo, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Riekerink, Mark O., Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperlé, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan Joost, Schurink, Bart, Start, Ronald, Van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, Den Herder, Jan Willem, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, Bradshaw, Miranda, Burwitz, Vadim, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Ferreira, Desirée Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Kailla, Geeta, Phillips, Gavin, Mundon, William, Chequer, Ian, and Ball, Kevin

Abstract

The Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) technology has been established as a new type of X-ray optics and will enable future X-ray observatories such as Athena and Arcus. SPO is being developed at cosine Research B.V. together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and academic as well as industrial partners. For Athena, about 150,000 mirror plates are required. With the technology spin-in from the semiconductor industry, mass production processes can be employed to manufacture rectangular SPO mirror plates in high quality, large quantity and at low cost. Over the last years, several aspects of the SPO mirror plates have been reviewed and undergone further developments in terms of effective area, intrinsic behavior of the mirror plates and mass production capability. The paper will provide an overview of most recent SPO plate designs, mirror plate production status and plan forward including reflective coating process as well as mass production developments.

Published
2021

9. Fundamental spatial resolution of an x-ray pore optic

Author

Mieremet, Arjan L. and Beijersbergen, Marco W.

Subjects
Lenses -- Optical properties, Resolution (Optics) -- Measurement, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

We investigate the fundamental spatial resolution of an x-ray pore optic as a function of the pore dimensions, the photon energy, and the focal length. We achieve this by calculating the shape of the focal spot, using diffraction integrals such that the half-energy width is determined. Quantitative results are presented for the X-Ray Evolving Universe Spectroscopy (XEUS) telescope, showing that a resolution of better than 2 arc sec half-energy width is possible by use of an optic with pore sizes of approximately 0.5 ram. OCIS codes: 340.7470, 110.7440, 050.1940, 350.1260.

Published
2005

10. Status of the silicon pore optics technology

Author

Stephen L. O'Dell, Giovanni Pareschi, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babić, Ljubiša, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David Alain, Okma, Ben, Hauser, Enrico, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, Bradshaw, Miranda, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Christensen, Finn Erland, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Stephen L. O'Dell, Giovanni Pareschi, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babić, Ljubiša, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David Alain, Okma, Ben, Hauser, Enrico, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, Bradshaw, Miranda, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Christensen, Finn Erland, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, and Ball, Kevin

Abstract

Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) uses commercially available monocrystalline double-sided super-polished silicon wafers as a basis to produce mirrors that form lightweight and stiff high-resolution x-ray optics. The technology has been invented by cosine and the European Space Agency (ESA) and developed together with scientific and industrial partners to mass production levels. SPO is an enabling element for large space-based x-ray telescopes such as Athena and ARCUS, operating in the 0.2 to 12 keV band, with angular resolution requirements up to 5 arc seconds. SPO has also shown to be a versatile technology that can be further developed for gamma-ray optics, medical applications and for material research. This paper will summarise the status of the technology and of the mass production capabilities, show latest performance results and discuss the next steps in the development.

Published
2019

11. Development and manufacturing of SPO X-ray mirrors

Author

Stephen L. O'Dell, Giovanni Pareschi, Landgraf, Boris, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriére, Nicolas M., Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babic, Ljubisa, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David, Okma, Ben, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperlé, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Christensen, Finn Erland, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Stephen L. O'Dell, Giovanni Pareschi, Landgraf, Boris, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriére, Nicolas M., Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babic, Ljubisa, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David, Okma, Ben, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperlé, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Christensen, Finn Erland, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, and Ball, Kevin

Abstract

The Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) technology has been established as a new type of X-ray optics enabling future X-ray observatories such as ATHENA. SPO is being developed at cosine together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and academic as well as industrial partners. The SPO modules are lightweight, yet stiff, high-resolution X-ray optics, allowing missions to reach a large effective area of several square meters. These properties of the optics are mainly linked to the mirror plates consisting of mono-crystalline silicon. Silicon is rigid, has a relatively low density, a very good thermal conductivity and excellent surface finish, both in terms of figure and surface roughness. For Athena, a large number of mirror plates is required, around 100,000 for the nominal configuration. With the technology spin-in from the semiconductor industry, mass production processes can be employed to manufacture rectangular shapes SPO mirror plates in high quality, large quantity and at low cost. Within the last years, several aspects of the SPO mirror plate have been reviewed and undergone further developments in terms of effective area, intrinsic behavior of the mirror plates and mass production capability. In view of flight model production, a second source of mirror plates has been added in addition to the first plate supplier. The paper will provide an overview of most recent plate design, metrology and production developments.

Published
2019

12. Silicon pore optics mirror module production and testing

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Guenther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Van Der Hoeven, Roy, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Booysen, Karin, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan Joost, Van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Ferreira, Desirée Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Zuknik, Karl Heinz, Vernani, Dervis, ITA, GBR, DEU, DNK, NLD, CHE, den Herder, Jan-Willem A., Nikzad, Shouleh, and Nakazawa, Kazuhiro

Subjects
Computer science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, wafer, X-ray optics, X-ray telescope, 02 engineering and technology, SPO, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, X-ray astronomy, 010309 optics, Optics, Stack (abstract data type), 0103 physical sciences, Focal length, Angular resolution, Image resolution, X-ray telescopes, business.industry, Antenna aperture, stack, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, silicon, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, ATHENA, pore optics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) has been established as a new type of x-ray optics that enables future x-ray observatories such as Athena. SPO is being developed at cosine with the European Space Agency (ESA) and academic and industrial partners. The optics modules are lightweight, yet stiff, high-resolution x-ray optics, that shall allow missions to reach an unprecedentedly large effective area of several square meters, operating in the 0.2 - 12 keV band with an angular resolution better than 5 arc seconds. In this paper we are going to discuss the latest generation production facilities and we are going to present results of the production of mirror modules for a focal length of 12 m, including x-ray test results.

Published
2018

13. Development and manufacturing of SPO X-ray mirrors

Author

Landgraf, Boris, primary, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Babić, Ljubiša, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Girou, David, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, Wijnperlé, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Hieltjes, Paul J., additional, den Herder, Jan-Willem, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Ferreira, Desirée D. M., additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Oliver, Paul, additional, Chequer, Ian, additional, and Ball, Kevin, additional

Published
2019
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14. Environmental testing of silicon pore optics for Athena

Author

Girou, David, primary, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Bayerle, Alex, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Babić, Ljubiša, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Eigenraam, Alexander, additional, and More, Nikhil, additional

Published
2019
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15. Status of the silicon pore optics technology

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Babić, Ljubiša, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Girou, David, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, Wijnperlé, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Hieltjes, Paul J., additional, den Herder, Jan-Willem, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Bradshaw, Miranda, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Svendsen, Sara, additional, Ferreira, Desirée D. M., additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Oliver, Paul, additional, Chequer, Ian, additional, and Ball, Kevin, additional

Published
2019
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16. Assembly of confocal silicon pore optic mirror modules for Athena

Author

Barrière, Nicolas M., primary, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, additional, Hauser, Enrico, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Keek, Laurens, additional, Okma, Ben, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Girou, David, additional, Babić, Ljubiša, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Start, Ronald, additional, Wijnperlé, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Eigenraam, Alexander, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Handick, Evelyn, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, and Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2019
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17. Silicon pore optics mirror module production and testing

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Voruz, Luc, additional, Verhoex, Sjoerd, additional, Babić, Ljubiša, additional, van der Hoeven, Roy ., additional, van Straeten, Kim, additional, Chatbi, Abdel, additional, Girou, David, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Ferreira, Ivo, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Booysen, Karin, additional, Wijnperle, Maurice, additional, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Eigenraam, Alexander, additional, den Herder, Jan Willem, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional, Oliver, Paul, additional, Chequer, Ian, additional, Ball, Kevin, additional, Zuknik, Karl-Heinz, additional, and Vernani, Dervis, additional

Published
2019
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18. Silicon pore optics mirror module production and testing

Author

den Herder, Jan-Willem A., Nikzad, Shouleh, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Guenther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Van Der Hoeven, Roy, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Booysen, Karin, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan Joost, Van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Ferreira, Desirée Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Zuknik, Karl Heinz, Vernani, Dervis, den Herder, Jan-Willem A., Nikzad, Shouleh, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barriere, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Guenther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Van Der Hoeven, Roy, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Booysen, Karin, Koelewijn, Arenda, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan Joost, Van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Ferreira, Desirée Della Monica, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Zuknik, Karl Heinz, and Vernani, Dervis

Abstract

Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) has been established as a new type of x-ray optics that enables future x-ray observatories such as Athena. SPO is being developed at cosine with the European Space Agency (ESA) and academic and industrial partners. The optics modules are lightweight, yet stiff, high-resolution x-ray optics, that shall allow missions to reach an unprecedentedly large effective area of several square meters, operating in the 0.2 - 12 keV band with an angular resolution better than 5 arc seconds. In this paper we are going to discuss the latest generation production facilities and we are going to present results of the production of mirror modules for a focal length of 12 m, including x-ray test results.

Published
2018

19. Silicon Pore Optics Mirror Module Production and Testing.

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoex, Sjoerd, Babić, Ljubiša, van der Hoeven, Roy, van Straeten, Kim, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, and Haneveld, Jeroen

Published
2019
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20. Status of the Silicon Pore Optics technology.

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babić1, Ljubiša, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David, Okma, Ben, Hauser, Enrico, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, and Haneveld, Jeroen

Published
2019
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21. Assembly of confocal silicon pore optic mirror modules for Athena.

Author

Barrière, Nicolas M., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Hauser, Enrico, Vervest, Mark, Keek, Laurens, Okma, Ben, Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Voruz, Luc, Girou, David, Babić, Ljubiša, Collon, Maximilien J., Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, and Start, Ronald

Published
2019
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22. Development and manufacturing of SPO X-ray mirrors.

Author

Landgraf, Boris, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babić, Ljubiša, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David, Okma, Ben, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, and Koelewijn, Arenda

Published
2019
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24. Development of ATHENA mirror modules

Author

O'Dell, Stephen L., Pareschi, Giovanni, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Van Der Hoeven, Roy, Dekker, Danielle, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David Alain, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Booysen, Karin, Wijnperle, Maurice, Van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn Erland, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Checquer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, Zuknik, Karl Heinz, O'Dell, Stephen L., Pareschi, Giovanni, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Van Der Hoeven, Roy, Dekker, Danielle, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David Alain, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Booysen, Karin, Wijnperle, Maurice, Van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Massahi, Sonny, Christensen, Finn Erland, Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Checquer, Ian, Ball, Kevin, and Zuknik, Karl Heinz

Abstract

Silicon Pore Optics (SPO), developed at cosine with the European Space Agency (ESA) and several academic and industrial partners, provides lightweight, yet stiff, high-resolution X-ray optics. This technology enables ATHENA to reach an unprecedentedly large effective area in the 0.2-12 keV band with an angular resolution better than 5". After developing the technology for 50 m and 20 m focal length, this year has witnessed the first 12 m focal length mirror modules being produced. The technology development is also gaining momentum with three different radii under study: Mirror modules for the inner radii (Rmin = 250 mm), outer radii (Rmax = 1500 mm) and middle radii (Rmid= 737 mm) are being developed in parallel.

Published
2017

25. Environmental testing of the ATHENA mirror modules

Author

Landgraf, Boris, primary, Girou, David, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Barrière, Nicolas M., additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, van der Hoeven, Roy ., additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Fransen, Sebastiaan, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, and Eigenraam, Alexander, additional

Published
2017
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26. Development of Athena mirror modules

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Vacanti, Giuseppe, primary, Barrière, Nicolas M., primary, Landgraf, Boris, primary, Günther, Ramses, primary, Vervest, Mark, primary, van der Hoeven, Roy, primary, Beijersbergen, Marco W., primary, Bavdaz, Marcos, primary, Wille, Eric, primary, Shortt, Brian, primary, Girou, David, primary, Fransen, Sebastiaan, primary, Haneveld, Jeroen, primary, Koelewijn, Arenda, primary, Booysen, Karin, primary, Wijnperle, Maurice, primary, van Baren, Coen, primary, Eigenraam, Alexander, primary, Müller, Peter, primary, Krumrey, Michael, primary, Burwitz, Vadim, primary, Pareschi, Giovanni, primary, Massahi, Sonny, primary, Valsecchi, Giuseppe, primary, Oliver, Paul, primary, Checquer, Ian, primary, Ball, Kevin, primary, Zuknik, Karl-Heinz, primary, Christensen, Finn E., primary, Della Monica Ferreira, Desirée, primary, Dekker, Danielle, primary, Chatbi, Abdel, primary, and Sforzini, Jessica, primary

Published
2017
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27. Silicon pore optics for the ATHENA telescope

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Yanson, Alex, additional, Barriere, Nicolas, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Chatbi, Abdelhakim, additional, van der Hoeven, Roy, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Shortt, Brian, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Eigenraam, Alexander, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Conconi, Paolo, additional, Massahi, Sonny, additional, Christensen, Finn E., additional, and Valsecchi, Giuseppe, additional

Published
2016
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28. Silicon Pore Optics development for ATHENA

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Guenther, Ramses, Yanson, Alex, Barriere, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Vervest, Mark, Chatbi, Abdelhakim, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Leenstra, Anne, Wijnperle, Maurice, van Baren, Coen, Mueller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Conconi, Paolo, Christensen, Finn E., Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Guenther, Ramses, Yanson, Alex, Barriere, Nicolas, Landgraf, Boris, Vervest, Mark, Chatbi, Abdelhakim, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Leenstra, Anne, Wijnperle, Maurice, van Baren, Coen, Mueller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Conconi, Paolo, and Christensen, Finn E.

Abstract

The ATHENA mission, a European large (L) class X-ray observatory to be launched in 2028, will essentially consist of an X-ray lens and two focal plane instruments. The lens, based on a Wolter-I type double reflection grazing incidence angle design, will be very large (similar to 3 m in diameter) to meet the science requirements of large effective area (1-2 m(2) at a few keV) at a focal length of 12 m. To meet the high angular resolution (5 arc seconds) requirement the X-ray lens will also need to be very accurate. Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) technology has been invented to enable building such a lens and thus enabling the ATHENA mission. We will report in this paper on the latest status of the development, including details of X-ray test campaigns.

Published
2015

29. Environmental testing of the ATHENA mirror modules.

Author

Landgraf, Boris, Girou, David, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, van der Hoeven, Roy, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, van Baren, Coen, and Eigenraam, Alexander

Published
2017
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30. Development of Athena mirror modules.

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, van der Hoeven, Roy, Dekker, Danielle, Chatbi, Abdel, Girou, David, Sforzini, Jessica, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Booysen, Karin, and Wijnperle, Maurice

Published
2017
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31. Status of the silicon pore optics technology

Author

O'Dell, Stephen L., Pareschi, Giovanni, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babić, Ljubiša, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David, Okma, Ben, Hauser, Enrico, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Müller, Peter, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, Bradshaw, Miranda, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Svendsen, Sara, Della Monica Ferreira, Desirée, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, and Ball, Kevin

Published
2019
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32. Assembly of confocal silicon pore optic mirror modules for Athena

Author

O'Dell, Stephen L., Pareschi, Giovanni, Barrière, Nicolas M., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Hauser, Enrico, Vervest, Mark, Keek, Laurens, Okma, Ben, Landgraf, Boris, Günther, Ramses, Voruz, Luc, Girou, David, Babić, Ljubiša, Collon, Maximilien J., Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperle, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Eigenraam, Alexander, Müller, Peter, Handick, Evelyn, Krumrey, Michael, and Valsecchi, Giuseppe

Published
2019
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33. Development and manufacturing of SPO X-ray mirrors

Author

O'Dell, Stephen L., Pareschi, Giovanni, Landgraf, Boris, Collon, Maximilien J., Vacanti, Giuseppe, Barrière, Nicolas M., Günther, Ramses, Vervest, Mark, Voruz, Luc, Verhoeckx, Sjoerd, Babić, Ljubiša, Keek, Laurens, Girou, David, Okma, Ben, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wille, Eric, Fransen, Sebastiaan, Shortt, Brian, Ferreira, Ivo, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, Start, Ronald, Wijnperlé, Maurice, Lankwarden, Jan-Joost, van Baren, Coen, Hieltjes, Paul, den Herder, Jan Willem, Burwitz, Vadim, Pareschi, Giovanni, Massahi, Sonny, Della Monica Ferreira, Desirée, Christensen, Finn E., Valsecchi, Giuseppe, Oliver, Paul, Chequer, Ian, and Ball, Kevin

Published
2019
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34. Silicon pore optics development for ATHENA

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Yanson, Alex, additional, Barrière, Nicolas, additional, Landgraf, Boris, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Chatbi, Abdelhakim, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Leenstra, Anne, additional, Wijnperle, Maurice, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Conconi, Paolo, additional, and Christensen, Finn E., additional

Published
2015
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35. Making the ATHENA optics using silicon pore optics

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Ackermann, Marcelo, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Chatbi, Abdelhakim, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Vervest, Mark, additional, Yanson, Alex, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Olde Riekerink, Mark, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Sironi, Giorgia, additional, and Ghigo, Mauro, additional

Published
2014
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36. Design, fabrication, and characterization of silicon pore optics for ATHENA/IXO

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., Günther, Ramses, Ackermann, Marcelo, Partapsing, Rakesh, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wallace, Kotska, Wille, Erik, Olde Riekerink, Mark, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, van Baren, Coen, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Freyberg, Michael, Jakobsen, Anders Clemen, Christensen, Finn Erland, Collon, Maximilien J., Günther, Ramses, Ackermann, Marcelo, Partapsing, Rakesh, Vacanti, Giuseppe, Beijersbergen, Marco W., Bavdaz, Marcos, Wallace, Kotska, Wille, Erik, Olde Riekerink, Mark, Haneveld, Jeroen, Koelewijn, Arenda, van Baren, Coen, Müller, Peter, Krumrey, Michael, Freyberg, Michael, Jakobsen, Anders Clemen, and Christensen, Finn Erland

Abstract

Silicon pore optics is a technology developed to enable future large area X-ray telescopes, such as the International X-ray Observatory (IXO) or the Advanced Telescope for High ENergy Astrophysics (ATHENA), an L-class candidate mission in the ESA Space Science Programme 'Cosmic Visions 2015-2025'. ATHENA/IXO use nested mirrors in Wolter-I configuration to focus grazing incidence X-ray photons on a detector plane. The x-ray optics will have to meet stringent performance requirements including an effective area of a few m2 at 1.25 keV and angular resolution between 5(IXO) and 9(ATHENA) arc seconds. To achieve the collecting area requires a total polished mirror surface area close to 1000 m2 with a surface roughness better than 0.5 nm rms. By using commercial high-quality 12" silicon wafers which are diced, structured, wedged, coated, bent and stacked, the stringent performance requirements can be met without any costly polishing steps. Two of such stacks are then assembled into a co-aligned mirror module, which is a complete X-ray imaging system. Included in the mirror module are the isostatic mounting points, providing a reliable interface to the telescope. Hundreds of such mirror modules are finally integrated into petals, and mounted onto the spacecraft to form an X-ray optic. In this paper we will present the silicon pore optics mass manufacturing process and latest X-ray test results.

Published
2011

38. Aberration-free silicon pore x-ray optics

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Ackermann, Marcelo, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Wallace, Kotska, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Olde Riekerink, Mark, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Sironi, Giorgia, additional, and Ghigo, Mauro, additional

Published
2013
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40. Design, fabrication, and characterization of silicon pore optics for ATHENA/IXO

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Günther, Ramses, additional, Ackermann, Marcelo, additional, Partapsing, Rakesh, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wallace, Kotska, additional, Wille, Erik, additional, Olde Riekerink, Mark, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Freyberg, Michael, additional, Jakobsen, Anders C., additional, and Christensen, Finn, additional

Published
2011
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41. Silicon pore optics for astrophysical missions

Author

Vacanti, Giuseppe, primary, Ackermann, Marcelo, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Freyberg, Michael, additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Haneveld, Jeroen, additional, Koelewijn, Arenda, additional, Maddox, Erik, additional, Olde Riekerink, Mark, additional, and Partapsing, Rakesh, additional

Published
2011
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44. Silicon pore x-ray optics for IXO

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Günther, Ramses, additional, Ackermann, Marcelo, additional, Partapsing, Rakesh, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wille, Eric, additional, Wallace, Kotska, additional, Olde Riekerink, Mark, additional, Lansdorp, Bob, additional, de Vrede, Lennart, additional, van Baren, Coen, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, and Freyberg, Michael, additional

Published
2010
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47. Performance prediction and measurement of silicon pore optics

Author

Ackermann, Marcelo D., primary, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Guenther, Ramses, additional, Partapsing, Rakesh, additional, Vacanti, Giuseppe, additional, Buis, Ernst-Jan, additional, Krumrey, Michael, additional, Müller, Peter, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, and Wallace, Kotska, additional

Published
2009
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48. Silicon pore optics development

Author

Wallace, Kotska, primary, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Gondoin, Philippe, additional, Collon, Maximilien J., additional, Günther, Ramses, additional, Ackermann, Marcelo, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Olde Riekerink, Mark, additional, Blom, Marko, additional, Lansdorp, Bob, additional, and de Vreede, Lennart, additional

Published
2009
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49. Stacking of silicon pore optics for IXO

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Guenther, Ramses, additional, Ackermann, Marcelo, additional, Partapsing, Rakesh, additional, Kelly, Chris, additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wallace, Kotska, additional, Olde Riekerink, Mark, additional, Mueller, Peter, additional, and Krumrey, Michael, additional

Published
2009
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50. Performance of silicon pore optics

Author

Collon, Maximilien J., primary, Günther, Ramses, additional, Ackermann, Marcelo, additional, Buis, E. J., additional, Vacanti, G., additional, Beijersbergen, Marco W., additional, Bavdaz, Marcos, additional, Wallace, Kotska, additional, Freyberg, Michael, additional, and Krumrey, Michael, additional

Published
2008
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