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4. Evaluation of force pain thresholds to ensure collision safety in worker-robot collaborative operations.

Author

Han, D., Park, M. Y., Choi, J., Shin, H., Behrens, R., Rhim, S., Legnani, Giovanni, and Ngoc, Hien Nguyen

Subjects
PAIN threshold, INDUSTRIAL robots, COLLISIONS at sea, ROBOTS, PAIN measurement, ROBOTIC exoskeletons, HUMAN-robot interaction, SAFETY
Abstract

With the growing demand for robots in the industrial field, robot-related technologies with various functions have been introduced. One notable development is the implementation of robots that operate in collaboration with human workers to share tasks, without the need of any physical barriers such as safety fences. The realization of such collaborative operations in practice necessitates the assurance of safety if humans and robots collide. Thus, it is important to establish criteria for such collision scenarios to ensure robot safety and prevent injuries. Collision safety must be ensured in both pinching (quasi-static contact) and impact (transient contact) situations. To this end, we measured the force pain thresholds associated with impacts and evaluated the biomechanical limitations. This measurements were obtained through clinical trials involving physical collisions between human subjects and a device designed for generating impacts, and the force pain thresholds associated with transient collisions between humans and robots were analyzed. Specifically, the force pain threshold was measured at two different locations on the bodies of 37 adults aged 19-32 years, using two impactors with different shapes. The force pain threshold was compared with the results of other relevant studies. The results can help identify biomechanical limitations in a precise and reliable manner to ensure the safety of robots in collaborative applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. EURAMET supplementary comparison of personal dose equivalent rate at 0.07 mm and 3 mm depth, H p(0.07) and H p(3), for beta radiation

Author

Behrens, R, primary, Cardoso, João, additional, Pozuelo, Milagros, additional, Finta, Viktória, additional, Botos, Renáta, additional, Persson, Linda, additional, Huikari, Jussi, additional, Lecante, Claire, additional, Li, Dehong, additional, Yi, Chul-Young, additional, Kim, Yun Ho, additional, Chu, Chien-Hau, additional, Kato, Masahiro, additional, Pepenene, Refuoe, additional, Jozela, Sibusiso, additional, Romero, José Trinidad Álvarez, additional, MacLeod, Audrey, additional, Mitch, Michael G, additional, Salas, Gonzalo Walwyn, additional, and Rodriguez, Niurka Gonzalez, additional

Published
2023
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10. Bildgebung

Author

Helmke, K., Junge, C. M., Franzius, C., Löffler, M., Schober, O., Kappler, M., Lang, T., Behrens, R., Denk, H., Rodeck, Burkhard, editor, and Zimmer, Klaus-Peter, editor

Published
2008
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14. PO-1801 Primary standards and measurement methods for X-ray emitting electronic BT devices PRISM-eBT

Author

Schneider, T., primary, Behrens, R., additional, Garcia-Yip, F., additional, Tanderup, K., additional, Kertzscher, G., additional, Johanson, J., additional, Georgi, P., additional, Blideanu, V., additional, Stien, C., additional, Plagnard, J., additional, Solc, J., additional, Sochor, V., additional, Pinto, M., additional, Sander, T., additional, Subiel, A., additional, Gouldstone, C., additional, de Prez, L., additional, Verhaegen, F., additional, Reniers, B., additional, Avilés Lucas, P., additional, Msimang, Z., additional, Eaton, D.J., additional, Weigand, F., additional, and Rivard, M.J., additional

Published
2022
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16. Meteorismus

Author

Behrens, R., Koletzko, B., editor, Reinhardt, D., editor, and Stöckler-Ipsiroglu, Sylvia, editor

Published
2002
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22. DOSIMETRY IN HIGH DOSE RATE PHOTON FIELDS USING THE DOSEPIX DETECTOR

Author

Hufschmidt, P., primary, Schmidt, S., additional, Haag, D., additional, Beisser, F., additional, Eberle, F., additional, Roth, J., additional, Fuhg, C., additional, Behrens, R., additional, Hupe, O., additional, Zutz, H., additional, Ballabriga, R., additional, Campbell, M., additional, Llopart, X., additional, Tlustos, L., additional, Wong, W., additional, and Michel, T., additional

Published
2022
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24. DOSIMETRY IN PULSED PHOTON FIELDS WITH DOSEPIX

Author

Haag, D., primary, Schmidt, S., additional, Hufschmidt, P., additional, Beisser, F., additional, Eberle, F., additional, Roth, J., additional, Fuhg, C., additional, Behrens, R., additional, Hupe, O., additional, Zutz, H., additional, Ballabriga, R., additional, Campbell, M., additional, Llopart, X., additional, Tlustos, L., additional, Wong, W., additional, and Michel, T., additional

Published
2022
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25. Evaluation of the Impact of the New ICRU Operational Quantities and Recommendations for their Practical Application

Author

Gilvin, P., Caresana, M., Bottollier-Depois, J.-F., Chumak, V., Clairand, I., Eakins, J., Ferrari, P., Hupe, O., Olko, P., Röttger, A., Tanner, R.J., Vanhavere, F., Bakhanova, E., Bandalo, V., Ekendahl, D., Hödlmoser, H., Matthiä, D., Reitz, G., Latocha, M., Beck, P., Thomas, D., and Behrens, R.

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract

The International Commissions on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) and on Radiological Protection (ICRP) have published a joint report, as ICRU Report 95, recommending new operational quantities for use in radiological protection. The new quantities have been devised to address known problems with the existing ones, including the need to cover a wider range of radiation types and energies, for example arising from the increasing use of proton therapy in clinical procedures. Also related to changing practices is the increased importance of doses at diagnostic x-ray energies below about 80 keV, where the more frequent use of interventional procedures renders less acceptable the over-estimation given by the existing quantities. The new operational quantities are conceptually different from the existing ones, being defined using the same anthropomorphic voxel phantoms as are used to derive the protection quantities. ICRP have carried out a consultation process and ICRU have revised the report in the light of comments received. As part of its strategic research agenda, EURADOS seeks to contribute to the development and understanding of fundamental dose concepts, such as the topic of operational quantities. Accordingly, we have carried out a project to evaluate the impact of the proposed quantities and to make recommendations for their application. The task group included experts drawn from across the various EURADOS working groups. This report analyses the differences between the new and existing quantities before going on to examine the impact and application in the areas of: radiation protection practice, dosemeter and instrument design, calibration and reference fields, European and national regulation, and current published standards. The new quantities will achieve the benefits of wider radiation type and energy coverage, and of improving representativeness in the diagnostic/ interventional photon energy range. The biggest negative impact will be in the area of dosemeter and instrument design. Here, the changes needed to achieve good responses to the new operational quantities will range from simple re-calibration to radical re-design; and some types of dosemeter may become obsolete. Significant investments are therefore required to achieve the aforementioned benefits. We support the recommendation that the introduction of the new quantities should be phased over tens of years. Not only will this provide time for the costs and benefits to be fully assessed and the necessary research to be carried out, it will also allow for consideration of the parallel development of the planned new recommendations from ICRP.

Published
2022
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33. Green tea extract prevents colorectal adenomas in males, but not in females - results of the MIRACLE trial

Author

Ettrich, TJ, additional, Stingl, J, additional, Menzler, S, additional, Messmann, H, additional, Kleber, G, additional, Zipprich, A, additional, Frank-Gleich, S, additional, Algül, H, additional, Metter, K, additional, Odemar, F, additional, Heuer, T, additional, Hügle, U, additional, Behrens, R, additional, Scholl, C, additional, Schneider, K, additional, Perkhofer, L, additional, Rohlmann, F, additional, Muche, R, additional, and Seufferlein, T, additional

Published
2021
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40. A role for neurokinin 1 receptor expressing neurons in the paratrigeminal nucleus in bradykinin-evoked cough in guinea-pigs

Author

Driessen, AK, McGovern, AE, Behrens, R, Moe, AAK, Farrell, MJ, Mazzone, SB, Driessen, AK, McGovern, AE, Behrens, R, Moe, AAK, Farrell, MJ, and Mazzone, SB

Abstract

KEY POINTS: Airway projecting sensory neurons arising from the jugular vagal ganglia terminate centrally in the brainstem paratrigeminal nucleus, synapsing upon neurons expressing the neurokinin 1 receptor. This study aimed to assess the involvement of paratrigeminal neurokinin 1 receptor neurons in the regulation of cough, breathing and airway defensive responses. Lesioning neurokinin 1 receptor expressing paratrigeminal neurons significantly reduced cough evoked by inhaled bradykinin but not inhaled ATP or tracheal mechanical stimulation. The reduction in bradykinin-evoked cough was not accompanied by changes in baseline or evoked respiratory variables (e.g. frequency, volume or timing), animal avoidance behaviours or the laryngeal apnoea reflex. These findings warrant further investigations into targeting the jugular ganglia and paratrigeminal nucleus as a therapy for treating cough in disease. ABSTRACT: Jugular vagal ganglia sensory neurons innervate the large airways and are thought to mediate cough and associated perceptions of airway irritations to a range of chemical irritants. The central terminals of jugular sensory neurons lie within the brainstem paratrigeminal nucleus, where postsynaptic neurons can be differentiated based on the absence or presence of the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. Therefore, in the present study, we set out to test the hypothesis that NK1 receptor expressing paratrigeminal neurons play a role in cough evoked by inhaled chemical irritants. To test this, we performed selective neurotoxin lesions of NK1 receptor expressing neurons in the paratrigeminal nucleus in guinea-pigs using substance P conjugated to saporin (SSP-SAP). Sham lesion control or SSP-SAP lesion guinea-pigs received nebulised challenges, with the pan-nociceptor stimulant bradykinin or the nodose ganglia specific stimulant adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), in conscious whole-body plethysmography to study cough and associated behaviours. Laryngeal apnoea reflexes and coug

Published
2020

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