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8 results on '"Beheshti, Behzad"'

1. Goodness of Fit of Skills Assessment Approaches: Insights from Patterns of Real vs. Synthetic Data Sets

Author

International Educational Data Mining Society, Beheshti, Behzad, and Desmarais, Michel C.

Abstract

This study investigates the issue of the goodness of fit of different skills assessment models using both synthetic and real data. Synthetic data is generated from the different skills assessment models. The results show wide differences of performances between the skills assessment models over synthetic data sets. The set of relative performances for the different models create a kind of "signature" for each specific data. We conjecture that if this signature is unique, it is a good indicator that the corresponding model is a good fit to the data. [For complete proceedings, see ED560503.]

Published
2015

2. Combining Techniques to Refine Item to Skills Q-Matrices with a Partition Tree

Author

International Educational Data Mining Society, Desmarais, Michel C., Xu, Peng, and Beheshti, Behzad

Abstract

The problem of mapping items to skills is gaining interest with the emergence of recent techniques that can use data for both defining this mapping, and for refining mappings given by experts. We investigate the problem of refining mapping from an expert by combining the output of different techniques. The combination is based on a partition tree that combines the suggested refinements of three known techniques from the literature. Each technique is given as input a Q-matrix, that maps items to skills, and student test outcome data, and outputs a modified Q-matrix that constitutes suggested improvements. We test the accuracy of the partition tree combination techniques over both synthetic and real data. The results over synthetic data show a high improvement over the best single technique with a 86% error reduction on average for four different Q-matrices. For real data, the error reduction is 55%. In addition to the substantial error reduction, the partition tree refinements provide a much more stable performance than any single technique. These results suggest that the partition tree is a valuable refinement combination approach that can effectively take advantage of the complementarity of the Q-matrix refinement techniques. It brings the goal of using a data driven approach to refine the item to skill mapping closer to real applications, although challenges remain and are discussed. [For complete proceedings, see ED560503.]

Published
2015

3. Methods to Find the Number of Latent Skills

Author

International Educational Data Mining Society, Beheshti, Behzad, Desmarais, Michel C., and Naceur, Rhouma

Abstract

Identifying the skills that determine the success or failure to exercises and question items is a difficult task. Multiple skills may be involved at various degree of importance, and skills may overlap and correlate. In an effort towards the goal of finding the skills behind a set of items, we investigate two techniques to determine the number of dominant latent skills. The Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is a known technique to find latent factors. The singular values represent direct evidence of the strength of latent factors. Application of SVD to finding the number of latent skills is explored. We introduce a second technique based on a "wrapper" approach. Linear models with different number of skills are built, and the one that yields the best prediction accuracy through cross validation is considered the most appropriate. The results show that both techniques are effective in identifying the latent factors over synthetic data. An investigation with real data from the fraction algebra domain is also reported. Both the SVD and "wrapper" methods yield results that have no simple interpretation. (Contains 6 figures and 3 footnotes.) [This project was supported by funding from the MATI institute and by Canada's NSERC discovery program. For the complete proceedings, "Proceedings of the International Conference on Educational Data Mining (EDM) (5th, Chania, Greece, June 19-21, 2012)," see ED537074.]

Published
2012

4. Improving Matrix Factorization Techniques of Student Test Data with Partial Order Constraints

Author

Beheshti, Behzad, Desmarais, Michel, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Masthoff, Judith, editor, Mobasher, Bamshad, editor, Desmarais, Michel C., editor, and Nkambou, Roger, editor

Published
2012
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5. Item to Skills Mapping: Deriving a Conjunctive Q-matrix from Data

Author

Desmarais, Michel C., Beheshti, Behzad, Naceur, Rhouma, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Cerri, Stefano A., editor, Clancey, William J., editor, Papadourakis, Giorgos, editor, and Panourgia, Kitty, editor

Published
2012
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8. The Effect of Inhaled Budesonide on the Prevention of Chronic Lung Disease in Premature Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Author

Sadeghnia, Alireza, Beheshti, Behzad Koorang, and Mohammadizadeh, Majid

Subjects
*BUDESONIDE, *BRONCHOPULMONARY dysplasia, *LUNG disease prevention, *STEROID drugs, *NEONATAL diseases, *PREVENTION
Abstract

Background: Considering all the latest achievements in neonatal respiratory care, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is still among the most prevalent morbidity causes in premature infants. Involvement in this process results in longer period of hospitalization for the newborn and in the long run makes the living conditions more difficult. Taking the multifactorial pathogenesis into account, approaches to tackle chronic lung disease (CLD) are mainly focused on interventions and prevention procedures. This study tries to investigate the potential capability of inhaled budesonide in the prevention of BPD in newborns with gestational age of <28 weeks with the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial done on seventy newborns with gestational ages of 23-28 weeks with RDS in Isfahan Shahid Beheshti Educational Hospital from June 2014 to April 2016. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups of intervention with budesonide and control. There were 35 newborns in each group. Upon recording demographic characteristics, the newborns in two groups were compared based on the length of noninvasive ventilation, the need for invasive mechanical ventilation, the number of surfactant administrations, pneumothorax, intraventricular hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), CLD, and death. Results: The length of the need for nasal continuous positive airway pressure showed no statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.54). The number of newborns who needed invasive mechanical ventilation also revealed no meaningful difference (P = 0.14). Similarly, the number of newborns who were characterized as affected by CLD also showed no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.053). Moreover, the number of newborns who experienced pneumothorax was not significantly different for the groups (P = 0.057). The number of newborns who received three administrations of surfactant had also no statistically meaningful difference between the groups (P = 0.69). However, the number of newborns who received two doses of surfactant was statistically lower in budesonide intervention group than the control (P = 0.041). The prevalence of intraventricular hemorrhage with degrees of I, II, and III also showed no statistically meaningful difference between the groups with P = 0.74, 0.32, and 0.49, respectively. The occurrence of PDA had no meaningful difference between the groups (P = 0.66). Relative death cases also revealed no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.53). Conclusions: The current study revealed a decrease in CLD prevalence for newborns in interventional group; however, this decrease was not statistically meaningful. The newborns, in the intervention group, who had received two doses of surfactant (survanta) showed a significant decrease, which can be the basis for further research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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