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Katerina Zakka,1 Renjian Jiang,2 Olatunji B Alese,1 Walid L Shaib,1 Christina Wu,1 Joel P Wedd,3 Marty T Sellers,4 Madhusmita Behera1,2 Bassel F El-Rayes,1 Mehmet Akce11Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 2Department of Research Informatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 3Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 4Division of General and GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USABackground: HCC variants are rare primary hepatic tumors. The aim of this study is to compare clinical characteristics and outcomes of HCC variants with pure HCC.Methods: Patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2013 with ICD-O-3 8180/3 and 8170/3-8175/3 were identified from the National Cancer Database. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were conducted to analyze the association between histology and overall survival (OS).Results: 80,280 patients were identified; pure HCC 78,461 (97.7%), fibrolamellar (FLHCC) 310 (0.4%), scirrhous 161 (0.2%), spindle cell 72 (0.1%), clear cell 487 (0.6%), pleomorphic 23 (0.0%), and combined HCC and cholangiocarcinoma (mixed HCC) 766 (1.0%). 76.7% were male and 72% Caucasian. Liver transplant was performed in 10.1% of pure HCC, 14.5% of mixed HCC, 16.2% of scirrhous, 6.9% of spindle cell, 8.8% of clear cell, 8.7% of pleomorphic, and 3.2% of FLHCC (p

Madhusmita Behera,1 Manmath Kumar Das2 1Rotary Narayana Nethralaya, Kolkata, India; 2Vitreo-Retina Services, CL Gupta Eye Institute, Moradabad, India Abstract: Choroidal osteoma is a rare, benign tumor, usually diagnosed in healthy adult women in their second or third decade of life. Though its etiology and pathogenesis are unclear, it is usually diagnosed due to its typical clinical features of yellowish-orange colored subretinal lesion at posterior pole and a dense echogenic plaque persisting even in lower gains on B-scan ultrasonography. Mostly unilateral (79%), the median age of diagnosis is 26 years. It is relatively rare in children. We report a case of choroidal osteoma in a 10-year-old boy. Keywords: choroidal osteoma, choroidal osseous choristoma, choroidal tumor

The objective of this study was to explore the higher-order turbulence statistics of flow and turbulent length scales around a complex pier (CP) and compare the results with those for a simple pier (SP). The velocity data were recorded in a laboratory flume using particle image velocimetry (PIV). The PIV data were analysed to estimate the velocity fluctuations of third order, turbulence production and dissipation rates, turbulent length scales and the contributions of burst–sweep events to the total Reynolds shear stress around the piers mounted on a rigid flat surface. The skewness and advection coefficients indicated a more asymmetric distribution of velocity fluctuations for the SP than for the CP. Ejection and sweep events illustrated the dominance of similar strengths for an extended period, downstream of the piers. The upstream turbulent kinetic energy production was similar for both piers, while the upstream dissipation rate was higher for the CP. The length scales were greater at the upstream for the case of the SP while, downstream, they were greater for the CP. The findings of this work demonstrate the importance of a pile cap in restricting downward-moving flow by showing a lower magnitude of scour-inducing turbulence parameters for the CP as compared with the SP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]