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This study empirically investigates the nexus among energy use, agricultural land expansion, deforestation, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Malaysia. Time series data from 1990 to 2019 were utilized using the bounds testing (ARDL) approach followed by the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) method. The DOLS estimate findings show that the energy usage coefficient is positive and significant with CO2 emissions, indicating a 1% increase in energy consumption is related to a 0.91% rise in CO2 emissions. In addition, the coefficient of agricultural land is positive, which indicates that agricultural land expansion by 1% is associated with an increase in CO2 emissions by 0.84% in the long run. Furthermore, the forested area coefficient is negative, which means that decreasing 1% of the wooded area (i.e., deforestation) has a long-term effect of 5.41% increased CO2 emissions. Moreover, the pairwise Granger causality test results show bidirectional causality between deforestation and energy use; and unidirectional causality from energy use to CO2 emissions, agricultural land expansion to CO2 emissions, deforestation to CO2 emissions, agricultural land expansion to energy use, and deforestation to agricultural land expansion in Malaysia. The empirical findings reveal that increased energy use, agricultural land expansion, and deforestation have a negative impact on environmental quality in Malaysia. Thus, the effective implementation of policy measures to promote renewable energy, climate-smart agriculture, and sustainable management of forest ecosystems could be useful for reducing environmental degradation in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural disasters are common worldwide, especially in tropical countries. Floods are one such frequent disaster that occur in the tropical country of Indonesia. Floods cause disasters in many vulnerable societies living in the area. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct risk assessments for flood mitigation. The objective of this research is to support decision-making for flood risk assessment by selecting priority sub-systems. The research was conducted in Surabaya, East Java, and Indonesia. The Surabaya drainage system is divided into five districts consisting of several sub-systems facing inundation problems. This causes challenges for the government in selecting which sub-systems should be prioritized to overcome these problems. Consequently, a rank priority for sub-systems is required. This research validated whether the Analytics Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applicable and appropriate to weight priority factors to select the priority drainage system. It weighs historical flood data by considering several criteria related to floods, consisting of flood hazards, social economics, and the environment. Flood hazard is defined as the severity level of flooding indicated by three indicators: inundation area, inundation depth, and inundation duration. Social-economics is a criterion covering population density and land use types consisting of residential areas, commercial and services areas, public facilities, industrial areas, port areas, and mix used development support areas. Environment is a criteria indicated by green open space, flood-prone areas, watershed catchment areas, and storage areas. The weighting result convinced the decision makers as to the related parameters which should be considered in order to support appropriate and effective flood mitigation. Further, due to budget constraints, the results of the research can be used to assist the municipal government in selecting which drainage system should be prioritized for management. The AHP result reveals that the priority drainage systems are Wonorejo sub system (Jambangan district), Greges sub system (Genteng district), Kedurus sub system (Wiyung district), Kalibokor sub system (Gubeng district), and Tambak Dono sub system (Tandes district). The result was confirmed to several respondents from Department of Public Works, Highways, and Drainage Management involved with the drainage system in Surabaya. It is indicates that the AHP results mostly are applicable to the existing condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to assess the trends of dengue incidence and socio-demographic characteristics of reported dengue cases in Seremban district, Malaysia during the last decade. Secondary data on reported dengue cases during 2003-2011 were collected from the District Health Office, Seremban. Trend analysis was conducted to assess the status of dengue incidence and demographic distribution of the disease in the district. Annual incidence rates of the disease were also calculated and compared. The district experienced a total of 11,936 dengue infections during 2003-2011. It was found that majority of the reported cases were among the Malays (62%), followed by Chinese (17%) and Indians (15%). The age-specific incidence rate was highest in young adult and adult group (15-44 years), followed by middle-age group (45-59 years). The analysis also revealed that majority of the reported cases (on average, 79% per year) came from urban areas of the district which highlights the fact that dengue is still an urban public health problem in Seremban. The study findings provide the critical data and information on trends of dengue incidence and socio-demographic characteristics of reported dengue cases which might assist the public health authorities to achieve dengue mortality and morbidity reduction goals in the district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to assess the trends of dengue incidence and socio-demographic characteristics of reported dengue cases in Seremban district, Malaysiaduring the last decade. Secondary dataon reported dengue cases during 2003-2011 were collected fromthe District Health Office, Seremban. Trend analysis was conducted to assess the status of dengue incidence and demographic distribution of the disease in the district. Annual incidence rates of the disease were also calculated and compared. The district experienceda total of 11,936 dengue infections during 2003-2011. It was found that majority of the reported cases were among the Malays (62%), followed by Chinese (17%) and Indians (15%). The age-specific incidence rate was highest in young adult and adult group (15-44 years), followed by middle-age group (45-59 years). The analysis also revealed that majority of the reported cases (on average, 79% per year) came from urban areas of the district which highlights the fact that dengue is still an urban public health problem in Seremban. The study findings provide the critical data and information on trends of dengue incidence andsocio-demographic characteristics of reported dengue cases which might assistthe public health authorities to achieve dengue mortality and morbidity reduction goals in the district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]