1. Cytokine Profiles in Peripheral Blood of Children and Adults With Crohn Disease
- Author
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Pak, Seung, Holland, Nina, Garnett, Elizabeth A, Mileti, Elizabeth, Mahadevan, Uma, Beckert, Rachel, Kanwar, Bittoo, and Heyman, Melvin B
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Immunology ,Inflammatory Bowel Disease ,Crohn's Disease ,Digestive Diseases ,Pediatric ,Clinical Research ,Autoimmune Disease ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Inflammatory and immune system ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Child ,Crohn Disease ,Female ,Flow Cytometry ,Humans ,Interferon-gamma ,Interleukin-4 ,Leukocyte Common Antigens ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Pilot Projects ,Th1 Cells ,Th1-Th2 Balance ,Th2 Cells ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,adults ,children ,flow cytometry ,inflammatory bowel disease ,TH1/TH2 cytokines ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Gastroenterology & Hepatology ,Clinical sciences ,Nutrition and dietetics ,Paediatrics - Abstract
BackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests that cytokine dysregulation in T-helper 1 and T-helper 2 (TH1/TH2) subsets contributes to the pathogenesis of Crohn disease (CD). The present pilot study examines the hypothesis that cytokine profiles differ between pediatric and adult patients with CD.MethodsProduction of TH1 cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and of TH2 cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-6 was analyzed in peripheral blood of patients with CD and healthy controls (n=20) using flow cytometry after in vitro stimulation.ResultsIn both pediatric and adult subjects, frequencies of TNF-α CD4+ T cells were higher in patients with CD than in controls (P=0.009 and P=0.047, respectively). Percentages of cells expressing IL-4 were slightly increased (P=0.036), whereas those for IFN-γ were decreased (P=0.009) in pediatric patients with CD compared with controls. As expected, the overall production of TH1 cytokines was higher in adults compared with pediatric subjects. When memory CD4+CD45RO+ T cells were considered, lower IFN-γ expression was observed in pediatric subjects with CD compared with controls (P=0.009), matching the trend seen in the general CD4+ T cell population. The percentage of CD4+CD45RO+ T cells was increased in adult patients with CD compared with pediatric patients with CD (P=0.016).ConclusionsThe present study describes a peripheral blood TH1/TH2 cytokine imbalance in CD and suggests different immunological mechanisms in children and adults for disease pathogenesis.
- Published
- 2012