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2. Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Motivation as Drivers for Early Engagement in Research by Medical Students

Author

Alamri Y, Monasterio E, Beckert L, and Wilkinson TJ

Subjects
motivation, medical education and training, statistical & research methods., Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Yassar Alamri,1,2 Erik Monasterio,3 Lutz Beckert,2 Tim J Wilkinson2,4 1Department of General Medicine, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand; 2Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand; 3Department of Psychological Medicine, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand; 4Medical Education Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch, New ZealandCorrespondence: Yassar AlamriCanterbury District Health Board, 2 Riccarton Avenue, Christchurch, 8011, New ZealandTel +6421750015Fax +6433786080Email yassar.alamri@nzbri.orgBackground: A student’s motivation is a key factor in their success in undertaking an education endeavour. However, how this relates to involvement in research by medical students is unclear.Methods: An electronic questionnaire was sent to all medical students at our institution. To ascertain students’ motivation to undertake research, they were asked an open-ended question to describe the single major factor that would encourage them to get involved in research as a medical student. A framework of self-determination theory was used to deductively code the responses as intrinsic motivation (“IM”; e.g., interest/passion) or extrinsic motivation (“EM”; e.g. improving CV). The two groups were then contrasted in relation to their research engagement.Results: A total of 348 students were included in the survey, of whom 204 were coded as IM responses, and 144 were coded as EM responses. Students who engaged in extra-curricular research activities were more likely to report an underlying EM (48% vs 36%, p = 0.03). They were also older (23.7 ± 3.5 vs 21.9 ± 3.7, p = 0.005), and more likely to have completed a prior research degree (15% vs 3%, p = 0.01).Conclusion: In this study, EM was a bigger influencer on research involvement by medical students than IM. Future studies should explore promoters of IM, and include longitudinal data in order to assess whether EM students continue to be involved in research long-term.Keywords: motivation, medical education and training, statistical and research methods

Published
2021

3. Publication rates of, and attitudes toward, summer research projects: 10-year experience from a single institution in New Zealand

Author

Alamri Y, Currie W, Magner K, Al-Busaidi IS, Wilkinson TJ, and Beckert L

Subjects
Medical education, medical student, research, career development, publication, training, supervisor, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Yassar Alamri,1 William Currie,2 Kate Magner,1 Ibrahim Saleh Al-Busaidi,1 Tim J Wilkinson,3 Lutz Beckert41Department of Medicine, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand; 2Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; 3Medical Education Unit, Christchurch School of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand; 4Department of Medicine, Christchurch School of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New ZealandBackground: Research is increasingly being emphasized from an early stage in medical students’ careers. Medical student involvement in research and authorship of peer-reviewed manuscripts have been shown to enhance their academic performance—both in the short term and long term. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes and motivations of the summer studentship research program at our institution, using Vroom’s expectancy theory as a conceptual framework.Methods: We utilized a mixed-methods approach to our study. Two databases (PubMed™ and Google Scholar™) were searched for publication data. In addition, students and supervisors of the program at the University of Otago were invited to provide comments on the program. Qualitative data were analyzed using an inductive, pragmatic approach which involved coding responses and grouping codes into common themes.Results: Between 2007 and 2016, 1,345 projects were completed, of which 326 (24.2%) resulted in a peer-reviewed publication. Students made up 48.1% of the first-authors. Three themes each emerged from the students and the supervisors’ survey. Student themes included: motives for undertaking a summer studentship, administrative benefits and barriers, and perceived outcomes of the program. Supervisor themes included: motivations for engaging in the summer studentship program, administrative benefits and barriers, and expectations placed on the student. These themes are consistent with Vroom’s expectancy theory where motivation is related to expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.Conclusion: A dedicated program to foster an interest in research by medical students has great value as judged by an overall publication rate of 24.2%. In addition, it provides opportunities to explore areas of interest in depth, acquire research skills, pilot new avenues of research, and create professional networks. Student research program needs to be well founded and well supported including administrative and statistical support.Keywords: medical education, medical student, research, career development, publication, training, supervisor

Published
2019

4. Ziritaxestat, a novel autotaxin inhibitor, and lung function in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Author

Maher, TM, Ford, P, Brown, KK, Costabel, U, Cottin, V, Danoff, SK, Groenveld, I, Helmer, E, Jenkins, RG, Milner, J, Molenberghs, G, Penninckx, B, Randall, MJ, Van Den Blink, B, Fieuw, A, Vandenrijn, C, Rocak, S, Seghers, I, Shao, L, Taneja, A, Jentsch, G, Watkins, TR, Wuyts, WA, Kreuter, M, Verbruggen, N, Prasad, N, Wijsenbeek, MS, Chambers, D, Chia, M, Corte, T, Glaspole, I, Goh, N, Holmes, M, Malouf, M, Thien, F, Veitch, E, Bondue, B, Dahlqvist, C, Froidure, A, Slabbynck, H, Wuyts, W, Cartagena Salinas, C, Feijoó Seoane, R, Martínez, V, Maturana, R, Pavie Gallegos, J, Rosenblut, A, Silva, R, Undurraga Pereira, A, Doubkova, M, Pauk, N, Plackova, M, Sterclova, M, Bendstrup, E, Shaker, SB, Titlestad, I, Budweiser, S, Grohé, C, Koschel, D, Prasse, A, Weber, M, Wirtz, H, Antoniou, K, Daniil, Z, Gaga, M, Papakosta, D, Izumi, S, Okamoto, M, Guerreros Benavides, A, Iberico Barrera, C, Peña Villalobos, AM, Campo Ezquibela, A, Cifrian Martinez, JM, Fernandez Fabrellas, E, Leiro, V, Molina-Molina, M, Nieto Barbero, A, Sellares Torres, J, Valenzuela, C, Cheng, S-L, Kuo, P-H, Lee, K-Y, Sheu, C-C, Gunen, H, Mogulkoc Bishop, N, Nayci, S, Adamali, H, Bianchi, S, Chaudhuri, N, Gibbons, M, Hart, S, Molyneaux, P, Parfrey, H, Saini, G, Spencer, LG, Wiscombe, S, Antin-Ozerkis, D, Bascom, R, Belperio, J, Britt, E, Fitzgerald, J, Gomez Manjarres, D, Gotfried, M, Gupta, N, Hotchkin, D, Kaye, M, Kreider, M, Kureishy, S, Lacamera, P, Lancaster, L, Lasky, J, Lorch, D, Mannem, H, Morrow, L, Moua, T, Nambiar, A, Raghu, G, Raj, R, Ramaswamy, M, Reddy, R, Russell, T, Scholand, MB, Shea, B, Suliman, S, Swigris, J, Thavarajah, K, Tolle, L, Tomic, R, Warshoff, N, Wesselius, L, Yung, G, Bergna, M, De Salvo, M, Fernandez Acquier, M, Rodriguez, A, Saez Scherbovsky, P, Assayag, D, Dhar, A, Khalil, N, Morisset, J, Provencher, S, Ryerson, C, Shapera, S, Bourdin, A, Crestani, B, Lebargy, F, Reynaud-Gaubert, M, Bonella, FT, Claussen, M, Hammerl, P, Karagiannidis, C, Keller, C, Randerath, W, Stubbe, B, Csánky, E, Medgyasszay, B, Muller, V, Adir, Y, Bar-Shai, A, Berkman, N, Fink, G, Kramer, M, Shitrit, D, Bargagli, E, Gasparini, S, Harari, S, Ravaglia, C, Richeldi, L, Vancheri, C, Ebina, M, Fujita, M, Ichikado, K, Inoue, Y, Ishikawa, N, Kato, M, Kawamura, T, Kondoh, Y, Nishioka, Y, Ogura, T, Owan, I, Saito, T, Sakamoto, N, Sakamoto, K, Shirai, M, Suda, T, Tomii, K, Chung, MP, Jeong, SH, Park, CS, Park, JS, Song, JW, Uh, S-T, Chavarria Martinez, U, Montano Gonzalez, E, Ramirez, A, Selman Lama, ME, Bresser, P, Kramer, H, Mostard, R, Nossent, E, Veltkamp, M, Wijsenbeek, M, Beckert, L, Chang, CL, Veale, A, Wilsher, M, Bednarek, M, Gasior, G, Jasieniak-Pinis, G, Jassem, E, Mroz, R, Piotrowski, W, Abdullah, I, Ambaram, A, Irusen, E, Van der Linden, M, Van Zyl-Smit, R, Williams, P, Allen, J, Averill, F, Belloli, E, Brown, A, Case, A, Chaudhary, S, Criner, G, DeBoer, K, Dilling, D, Dorf, J, Enelow, R, Ettinger, N, Feldman, J, Gibson, K, Golden, J, Hamblin, M, Hunninghake, G, Karunakara, R, Kim, H, Luckhardt, T, Menon, P, Morrison, L, Oldham, J, Patel, N, Schmidt, S, Strek, M, Summer, R, Sussman, R, Tita, J, Veeraraghavan, S, Whelan, T, and Zibrak, J

Abstract

Importance There is a major need for effective, well-tolerated treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of the autotaxin inhibitor ziritaxestat in patients with IPF. Design, Setting, and Participants The 2 identically designed, phase 3, randomized clinical trials, ISABELA 1 and ISABELA 2, were conducted in Africa, Asia-Pacific region, Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, and North America (26 countries). A total of 1306 patients with IPF were randomized (525 patients at 106 sites in ISABELA 1 and 781 patients at 121 sites in ISABELA 2). Enrollment began in November 2018 in both trials and follow-up was completed early due to study termination on April 12, 2021, for ISABELA 1 and on March 30, 2021, for ISABELA 2. Interventions Patients were randomized 1:1:1 to receive 600 mg of oral ziritaxestat, 200 mg of ziritaxestat, or placebo once daily in addition to local standard of care (pirfenidone, nintedanib, or neither) for at least 52 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the annual rate of decline for forced vital capacity (FVC) at week 52. The key secondary outcomes were disease progression, time to first respiratory-related hospitalization, and change from baseline in St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire total score (range, 0 to 100; higher scores indicate poorer health-related quality of life). Results At the time of study termination, 525 patients were randomized in ISABELA 1 and 781 patients in ISABELA 2 (mean age: 70.0 [SD, 7.2] years in ISABELA 1 and 69.8 [SD, 7.1] years in ISABELA 2; male: 82.4% and 81.2%, respectively). The trials were terminated early after an independent data and safety monitoring committee concluded that the benefit to risk profile of ziritaxestat no longer supported their continuation. Ziritaxestat did not improve the annual rate of FVC decline vs placebo in either study. In ISABELA 1, the least-squares mean annual rate of FVC decline was –124.6 mL (95% CI, −178.0 to −71.2 mL) with 600 mg of ziritaxestat vs –147.3 mL (95% CI, −199.8 to −94.7 mL) with placebo (between-group difference, 22.7 mL [95% CI, −52.3 to 97.6 mL]), and –173.9 mL (95% CI, −225.7 to −122.2 mL) with 200 mg of ziritaxestat (between-group difference vs placebo, −26.7 mL [95% CI, −100.5 to 47.1 mL]). In ISABELA 2, the least-squares mean annual rate of FVC decline was –173.8 mL (95% CI, −209.2 to −138.4 mL) with 600 mg of ziritaxestat vs –176.6 mL (95% CI, −211.4 to −141.8 mL) with placebo (between-group difference, 2.8 mL [95% CI, −46.9 to 52.4 mL]) and –174.9 mL (95% CI, −209.5 to −140.2 mL) with 200 mg of ziritaxestat (between-group difference vs placebo, 1.7 mL [95% CI, −47.4 to 50.8 mL]). There was no benefit with ziritaxestat vs placebo for the key secondary outcomes. In ISABELA 1, all-cause mortality was 8.0% with 600 mg of ziritaxestat, 4.6% with 200 mg of ziritaxestat, and 6.3% with placebo; in ISABELA 2, it was 9.3% with 600 mg of ziritaxestat, 8.5% with 200 mg of ziritaxestat, and 4.7% with placebo. Conclusions and Relevance Ziritaxestat did not improve clinical outcomes compared with placebo in patients with IPF receiving standard of care treatment with pirfenidone or nintedanib or in those not receiving standard of care treatment. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT03711162 and NCT03733444

Published
2023

6. Poster abstracts

Author

Ferrie, J., Shipley, M., Cappuccio, F., Brunner, E., Miller, M., Kumari, M., Marmot, M., Coenen, A., Castillo, J. L., Araya, F., Bustamante, G., Montecino, L., Torres, C., Oporto, S., Gronli, J., Fiske, E., Murison, R., Bjorvatn, B., Sorensen, E., Ursin, R., Portas, C. M., Rajaraman, S., Gribok, A., Wesensten, N., Balkin, T., Reifman, J., Dursunoglu, N., Ozkurt, S., Baser, S., Delen, O., Sarikaya, S., Sadler, P., Mitchell, P., Françon, D., Decobert, M., Herve, B., Richard, A., Griebel, G., Avenet, P., Scatton, B., Fur, G. L., Eckert, D., Jordan, A., Wellman, A., Smith, S., Malhotra, A., White, D., Bruck, D., Thomas, I., Kritikos, A., Oertel, W., Stiasny-Kolster, K., Garcia-Borreguero, D., Poewe, W., Hoegl, B., Kohnen, R., Schollmayer, E., Keffel, J., Trenkwalder, C., Valle, A., Roizenblatt, S., Fregni, F., Boggio, P., Tufik, S., Ward, K., Robertson, L., Palmer, L., Eastwood, P., Hillman, D., Lee, J., Mukherjee, S., de Padova, V., Barbato, G., Ficca, G., Zilli, I., Salzarulo, P., Veldi, M., Hion, T., Vasar, V., Kull, M., Nowak, L., Davis, J., Latzer, Y., Tzischinsky, O., Crowley, S., Carskadon, M., Anca-Herschkovitsch, M., Frey, D., Ortega, J., Wiseman, C., Farley, C., Wright, K., Campbell, A., Neill, A., Spiegel, K., Leproult, R., Tasali, E., Scherberg, N., van Cauter, E., Noradina, A. T., Karim, N. A., Norlinah, I., Raymond, A. A., Sahathevan, R., Hamidon, B., Werth, E., Poryazova, R., Khatami, R., Bassetti, C., Beran, R. G., Ainley, L., Holand, G., Duncan, J., Kinney, H., Davis, B., Hood, B., Frey, S., Schmidt, C., Hofstetter, M., Peigneux, P., Cajochen, C., Hu, W.-P., Li, J.-D., Zhang, C., Boehmer, L., Siegel, J., Zhou, Q.-Y., Sagawa, Y., Kondo, H., Takemura, T., Kanayama, H., Kaneko, Y., Sato, M., Kanbayashi, T., Hishikawa, Y., Shimizu, T., Viola, A., James, L., Schlangen, L., Dijk, D.-J., Andretic, R., Kim, Y.-C., Han, K.-A., Jones, F., Greenspan, R., Sanford, L., Yang, L., Tang, X., Dieter, K., Uta, E., Sven, H., Richard, M., Oyane, N., Pallesen, S., Holsten, F., Inoue, Y., Fujita, M., Emura, N., Kuroda, K., Uchimura, N., Johnston, A., Astbury, J., Kennedy, G., Hoedlmoser, K., Schabus, M., Pecherstorfer, T., Moser, S., Gruber, G., Anderer, P., Klimesch, W., Naidoo, N., Ferber, M., Pack, A., Neu, D., Mairesse, O., Hoffmann, G., Dris, A., Lambrecht, L., Linkowski, P., Verbanck, P., Le Bon, O., Matsuura, N., Yamao, M., Adachi, N., Aritomi, R., Komada, Y., Tanaka, H., Shirakawa, S., Kondoh, H., Takemura, F., Ohnuma, S., Suzuki, M., Uemura, S., Iskra-Golec, I., Smith, L., Thanh, D.-V., Boly, M., Phillips, C., Steven, L., Luxen, A., Maquet, M., Jay, S., Dawson, D., Lamond, N., Basner, M., Fomberstein, K., Dinges, D., Ogawa, K., Nittono, H., Yamazaki, K., Hori, T., Glamann, C., Hornung, O., Hansen, M.-L, Danker-Hopfe, H., Jung, C., Kecklund, G., Anund, A., Peters, B., Åkerstedt, T., Verster, J., Roehrs, T., Mets, M., de Senerpont Domis, L., Olivier, B., Volkerts, E., Knutson, K., Lauderdale, D., Rathouz, P., Christie, M., Chen, L., Bolortuya, Y., Lee, E., Mckenna, J., Mccarley, R., Strecker, R., Tamaki, M., Matsuoka, T., Aritake, S., Suzuki, H., Kuriyama, K., Ozaki, A., Abe, Y., Enomoto, M., Tagaya, H., Mishima, K., Matsuura, M., Uchiyama, M., Lima-Pacheco, E., Davis, K., Sabourin, C., Lortie-Lussier, M., de Koninck, J., van Der Werf, Y., van Der Helm, E., Schoonheim, M., van Someren, E., Tokley, M., Ball, M., Sato, T., Ghilardi, M. F., Moisello, C., Bove, M., Busi, M., Pelosin, E., Tononi, G., Eguchi, N., Sakata, M., Urade, Y., Doe, N., Yoshihara, K., Abe, K., Manabe, Y., Iwatsuki, K., Hayashi, T., Shoji, M., Kamiya, T., Gooley, J., Brainard, G., Rajaratnam, S., Kronauer, R., Czeisler, C., Lockley, S., Phillips, A., Robinson, P., Burgess, H., Revell, V., Eastman, C., Bihari, S., Ramakrishnan, N., Camerino, D., Conway, P. M., Costa, G., Vandewalle, G., Albouy, G., Sterpenich, V., Darsaud, A., Rauchs, G., Berken, P.-Y, Balteau, E., Maquet, P., Tendero, J. A., Domenech, M. P., Isern, F. S., Martínez, C., Roure, N., Sancho, E. E., Moreno, C. R., Silva, M., Marqueze, E. C., Waage, S., Bobko, N., Chernyuk, V., Yavorskiy, Y., Saxvig, I., Sørensen, E., de Mello, M. T., Esteves, A., Teixeira, C., Bittencourt, L. R., Silva, R., Pires, M. L., Mottram, V., Middelton, B., Arendt, J., Amaral, O., Rodrigues, M., Pereira, C., Tavares, I., Baba, K., Honma, S., Honma, K.-I., Yamanaka, Y., Hashimoto, S., Tanahashi, Y., Nishide, S.-Y, Honma, K.-I, Sletten, T., Middleton, B., Lederle, K., Skene, D., Roth, T., Walsh, J., Hogben, A., Ellis, J., Archer, S., von Schantz, M., Chen, N.-H., Wang, P.-C., Chen, C.-W., Lin, Y., Shih, T.-S., Armstrong, S., Redman, J., Stephan, E., David, M., Delanaud, S., Chardon, K., Libert, J.-P., Bach, V., Telliez, F., Reid, K., Jaksa, A., Eisengart, J., Kane, P., Naylor, E., Zee, P., Viola, A. U., de Valck, E., Hofmans, J., Theuns, P., Cluydts, R., Alexander, G., Karel, M., Christina, R., Sohn, I.-K., Cho, I. H., Kim, S. J., Yu, S.-H., Kim, H., Yoo, S. Y., Koh, S.-H., Cho, S.-J., Rotenberg, L., Silva-Costa, A., Griep, R. H., Amely, T., Kennedy, G. A., Pavlis, A., Thompson, B., Pierce, R., Howard, M., Briellmann, R., Venkateswaran, S., Blunden, S., Krawczyk, E., Blake, J., Gururajan, R., Kerr, D., Matuisi, T., Iwasaki, M., Yamasita, N., Iemura, A., Ohya, T., Yanagawa, T., Misa, R., Coleman, G., Conduit, R., Duce, B., Hukins, C., Nyandaiti, Y. W., Bamaki, S., Mohammed, A., Kwajarfa, S., Veeramachaneni, S. P., Murthy, A., Wilson, A., Maul, J., Hall, G., Stick, S., Moseley, L., Gradisar, M., Kurihara, T., Yamamoto, M., Yamamoto, S., Kuranari, M., Sparks, C. B., Bartle, A., Beckert, L., Latham-Smith, F. B., Hilton, J., Whitehead, B., Gulliver, T., Salvini, A., Grahame, S., Swift, M., Laybutt, N., Sharon, D., Mack, C., Hymell, B., Perrine, B., Ideshita, K., Taira, M., Matuo, A., Furutani, M., van Dongen, H., Mott, C., Huang, J.-K., Mollicone, D. J., Mckenzie, F., Dinges, David, Barnes, M., Rochford, P., Churchward, T., O’Donoghue, F., Penzel, T., Fietze, I., Canisius, S., Bekiaris, E., Terrill, P. I., Wilson, S., Suresh, S., Cooper, D., Suzuki, T., Ouchi, K., Moriya, A., Kameyama, K., Takahashi, M., Büttner, A., Rühle, K.-H., Wang, D., Wong, K., Dungan, II, G., Grunstein, R., Davidson, P., Jones, R., Gergely, V., Mashima, K., Miyazaki, S., Tanaka, T., Okawa, M., Yamada, N., Wyner, A., Raizen, D., Galante, R., Ng, A. K., Koh, T. S., Lim, L. L., Puvanendran, K., Peiris, M., Bones, P., Roebuck, T., Ho, S., Szollosi, I., Naughton, M., Williams, G., Parsley, C., Harris, M.-A., Thornton, A., Ruehland, W., Banks, S., Arroyo, S., Carroll, K., Pilmore, J., Stewart, C., Hamilton, G., van Acker, F., Cvetkovic, D., Holland, G., Cosic, I., Tolson, J., Worsnop, C., Cresswell, P., Hart, I., Bouarab, M., Delechelle, E., Drouot, X., Acebo, C., Singh, P., Lakey, T., Schachter, L., Rand, J., Collin, H., Snyder, E., Ma, J., Svetnick, V., Deacon, S., Dana, B., Konstanze, D., Uwe, M., Ingo, F., Thomas, P., Ivar, R., Mackiewicz, M., Shockley, K., Romer, M., Zimmerman, J., Baldwin, D., Jensen, S., Churchill, G., Paigen, B., Imeri, L., Ferrari, L., Bianchi, S., Dossena, S., Garofoli, A., Mangieri, M., Tagliavini, F., Forloni, G., Chiesa, R., Pedrazzoli, M., Pereira, D., Veauny, M., Bodenmann, S., Hohoff, C., Freitag, C., Deckert, J., Rétey, J., Landolt, H.-P., Strohl, K., Price, E., Yamauchi, M., Dostal, J., Feng, P., Han, F., Havekes, R., Novati, A., Hagewoud, R., Barf, P., van Der Borght, K., van Der Zee, E., Meerlo, P., Ruby, P., Caclin, A., Boulet, S., Delpuech, C., Morlet, D., Veasey, S., Aton, S., Jha, S., Coleman, T., Seibt, J., Frank, M., Lack, L., Churches, O., Feng, S. Y. S., Cassaglia, P., Yu, V. Y. H., Walker, A. M., Kohler, M., Kennedy, D., Martin, J., van Den Heuvel, C., Lushington, K., Herron, K., Khurana, C., Sterr, A., Olivadoti, M., Toth, L., Opp, M., Dang-Vu, T., Degueldre, C., Gais, S., Dang-Vu, T. T., Desseilles, M., Philips, C., Chijavadze, E., Babilodze, M., Chkhartishvili, E., Nachkebia, N., Mchedlidze, O., Dzadzamia, S., Griffiths, R., Walker, A., Horovitz, S., Fukunaga, M., Carr, W., Picchioni, D., de Zwart, J., van Gelderen, P., Braun, A., Duyn, J., Hanlon, E. H., Faraguna, U., Vyazovskiy, V., Cirelli, C., Ocampo-Garcés, A., Ibáñez, F., López, S., Vivaldi, E., Torrealba, F., Romanowski, C. P. N., Fenzl, T., Flachskamm, C., Deussing, J., Kimura, M., Tarokh, L., van Reen, E., Dorn, H., Velluti, R., Qu, W.-M., Huang, Z.-L., Hayaishi, O., Pedemonte, M., Drexler, D., Pol-Fernández, D., Bernhardt, V., Lopez, C., Rodriguez-Servetti, Z., Romanowski, C., Polta, S., Yassouridis, A., Abe, T., Takahashi, K., Koyama, Y., Kayama, Y., Lin, J.-S., Sakai, K., Gulia, K., Karashima, A., Shimazaki, M., Katayama, N., Nakao, M., Winsky-Sommerer, R., Knapman, A., Tobler, I., Altena, E., Sanz-Arigita, E., Chang, F.-C., Lu, C.-Y., Yi, P.-L., Hsiao, Y.-Z., Lowden, A., Nilsson, J., Hillert, L., Wiholm, C., Kuster, N., Arnetz, B., Szameitat, A., Shen, S., Daurat, A., Tiberge, M., Sok, N., D’Ortho, M. P. I. A., Karasinsky, P., Kohlmeier, K., Wess, J., Leonard, C., Kristensen, M., Kalinchuk, A., Porkka-Heiskanen, T., Mccarley, R. W., Basheer, R., Aizawa, R., Sunahara, H., Abe, S.-I., Iwaki, S., Houjyou, M., Satoh, M., Suda, H., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Gozal, D., Walker, P., Noa, A., O’Driscoll, D., Ng, M., Yang, J., Davey, M., Anderson, V., Trinder, J., Horne, R., Sands, S., Kelly, V., Sia, K., Edwards, B., Skuza, E., Davidson, M., Berger, P. H. I. L. I. P., Wilkinson, M., Sánchez-Narváez, F., Gutiérrez, R., Camacho, L., Anaya, E., García-Campos, E., Labra, A., Domínguez, G., García-Polo, L., Haro, R., Verginis, N., Nixon, G., Baumert, M., Pamula, Y., Mihai, R., Wawurszak, M., Smith, N., Yiallourou, S., Andrew Ramsden, C., Williamson, B., Blecher, G., Teng, A., Dakin, C. Y. N., Yuil, M., Harris, M., Sadasivam, S., Bennison, J., Galland, B., Dawes, P., Taylor, B., Norman, M., Edwards, N., Harrison, H., Kol, C., Sullivan, C., Valladares, E., Macey, P., Kumar, R., Woo, M., Harper, R., Alger, J., Mcnamara, D., Tang, J., Goh, A., Teoh, O. H., Chiang, W. C., Chay, O. 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Published
2007
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7. Electronic cigarettes: A position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand*.

Author

See H.V., Thompson B.R., Ween M.P., Peters M.J., Chapman D.G., Dobler C.C., Foster J.M., Hamor P., Hodge S., Holmes P.W., Larcombe A.N., Marshall H.M., McCallum G.B., Miller A., Pattemore P., Roseby R., Stone E., McDonald C.F., Jones S., Beckert L., Bonevski B., Buchanan T., Bozier J., Carson-Chahhoud K.V., See H.V., Thompson B.R., Ween M.P., Peters M.J., Chapman D.G., Dobler C.C., Foster J.M., Hamor P., Hodge S., Holmes P.W., Larcombe A.N., Marshall H.M., McCallum G.B., Miller A., Pattemore P., Roseby R., Stone E., McDonald C.F., Jones S., Beckert L., Bonevski B., Buchanan T., Bozier J., and Carson-Chahhoud K.V.

Abstract

The TSANZ develops position statements where insufficient data exist to write formal clinical guidelines. In 2018, the TSANZ addressed the question of potential benefits and health impacts of electronic cigarettes (EC). The working party included groups focused on health impacts, smoking cessation, youth issues and priority populations. The 2018 report on the Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes from the United States NASEM was accepted as reflective of evidence to mid-2017. A search for papers subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals was conducted in August 2018. A small number of robust and important papers published until March 2019 were also identified and included. Groups identified studies that extended, modified or contradicted the NASEM report. A total of 3793 papers were identified and reviewed, with summaries and draft position statements developed and presented to TSANZ membership in April 2019. After feedback from members and external reviewers, a collection of position statements was finalized in December 2019. EC have adverse lung effects and harmful effects of long-term use are unknown. EC are unsuitable consumer products for recreational use, part-substitution for smoking or long-term exclusive use by former smokers. Smokers who require support to quit smoking should be directed towards approved medication in conjunction with behavioural support as having the strongest evidence for efficacy and safety. No specific EC product can be recommended as effective and safe for smoking cessation. Smoking cessation claims in relation to EC should be assessed by established regulators.Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Respirology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.

Published
2020

8. Electronic cigarettes: A position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand*

Author

McDonald, CF, Jones, S, Beckert, L, Bonevski, B, Buchanan, T, Bozier, J, Carson-Chahhoud, K, Chapman, DG, Dobler, CC, Foster, JM, Hamor, P, Hodge, S, Holmes, PW, Larcombe, AN, Marshall, HM, McCallum, GB, Miller, A, Pattemore, P, Roseby, R, See, H, Stone, E, Thompson, BR, Ween, MP, Peters, MJ, McDonald, CF, Jones, S, Beckert, L, Bonevski, B, Buchanan, T, Bozier, J, Carson-Chahhoud, K, Chapman, DG, Dobler, CC, Foster, JM, Hamor, P, Hodge, S, Holmes, PW, Larcombe, AN, Marshall, HM, McCallum, GB, Miller, A, Pattemore, P, Roseby, R, See, H, Stone, E, Thompson, BR, Ween, MP, and Peters, MJ

Abstract

The TSANZ develops position statements where insufficient data exist to write formal clinical guidelines. In 2018, the TSANZ addressed the question of potential benefits and health impacts of electronic cigarettes (EC). The working party included groups focused on health impacts, smoking cessation, youth issues and priority populations. The 2018 report on the Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes from the United States NASEM was accepted as reflective of evidence to mid-2017. A search for papers subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals was conducted in August 2018. A small number of robust and important papers published until March 2019 were also identified and included. Groups identified studies that extended, modified or contradicted the NASEM report. A total of 3793 papers were identified and reviewed, with summaries and draft position statements developed and presented to TSANZ membership in April 2019. After feedback from members and external reviewers, a collection of position statements was finalized in December 2019. EC have adverse lung effects and harmful effects of long-term use are unknown. EC are unsuitable consumer products for recreational use, part-substitution for smoking or long-term exclusive use by former smokers. Smokers who require support to quit smoking should be directed towards approved medication in conjunction with behavioural support as having the strongest evidence for efficacy and safety. No specific EC product can be recommended as effective and safe for smoking cessation. Smoking cessation claims in relation to EC should be assessed by established regulators.

Published
2020

9. Electronic cigarettes: A position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand.

Author

McDonald CF, Jones S, Beckert L, Bonevski B, Buchanan T, Bozier J, Carson-Chahhoud KV, Chapman DG, Dobler CC, Foster JM, Hamor P, Hodge S, Holmes PW, Larcombe AN, Marshall HM, McCallum GB, Miller A, Pattemore P, Roseby R, See HV, Stone E, Thompson BR, Ween MP, Peters MJ, McDonald CF, Jones S, Beckert L, Bonevski B, Buchanan T, Bozier J, Carson-Chahhoud KV, Chapman DG, Dobler CC, Foster JM, Hamor P, Hodge S, Holmes PW, Larcombe AN, Marshall HM, McCallum GB, Miller A, Pattemore P, Roseby R, See HV, Stone E, Thompson BR, Ween MP, and Peters MJ

Abstract

The TSANZ develops position statements where insufficient data exist to write formal clinical guidelines. In 2018, the TSANZ addressed the question of potential benefits and health impacts of electronic cigarettes (EC). The working party included groups focused on health impacts, smoking cessation, youth issues and priority populations. The 2018 report on the Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes from the United States NASEM was accepted as reflective of evidence to mid-2017. A search for papers subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals was conducted in August 2018. A small number of robust and important papers published until March 2019 were also identified and included. Groups identified studies that extended, modified or contradicted the NASEM report. A total of 3793 papers were identified and reviewed, with summaries and draft position statements developed and presented to TSANZ membership in April 2019. After feedback from members and external reviewers, a collection of position statements was finalized in December 2019. EC have adverse lung effects and harmful effects of long-term use are unknown. EC are unsuitable consumer products for recreational use, part-substitution for smoking or long-term exclusive use by former smokers. Smokers who require support to quit smoking should be directed towards approved medication in conjunction with behavioural support as having the strongest evidence for efficacy and safety. No specific EC product can be recommended as effective and safe for smoking cessation. Smoking cessation claims in relation to EC should be assessed by established regulators.

Published
2020

10. Electronic cigarettes: A position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand*

Author

McDonald, C.F., Jones, S., Beckert, L., Bonevski, B., Buchanan, T., Bozier, J., Carson-Chahhoud, K.V., Chapman, D.G., Dobler, C.C., Foster, J.M., Hamor, P., Hodge, S., Holmes, P.W., Larcombe, Alexander, Marshall, H.M., McCallum, G.B., Miller, A., Pattemore, P., Roseby, R., See, H.V., Stone, E., Thompson, B.R., Ween, M.P., Peters, M.J., McDonald, C.F., Jones, S., Beckert, L., Bonevski, B., Buchanan, T., Bozier, J., Carson-Chahhoud, K.V., Chapman, D.G., Dobler, C.C., Foster, J.M., Hamor, P., Hodge, S., Holmes, P.W., Larcombe, Alexander, Marshall, H.M., McCallum, G.B., Miller, A., Pattemore, P., Roseby, R., See, H.V., Stone, E., Thompson, B.R., Ween, M.P., and Peters, M.J.

Abstract

The TSANZ develops position statements where insufficient data exist to write formal clinical guidelines. In 2018, the TSANZ addressed the question of potential benefits and health impacts of electronic cigarettes (EC). The working party included groups focused on health impacts, smoking cessation, youth issues and priority populations. The 2018 report on the Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes from the United States NASEM was accepted as reflective of evidence to mid-2017. A search for papers subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals was conducted in August 2018. A small number of robust and important papers published until March 2019 were also identified and included. Groups identified studies that extended, modified or contradicted the NASEM report. A total of 3793 papers were identified and reviewed, with summaries and draft position statements developed and presented to TSANZ membership in April 2019. After feedback from members and external reviewers, a collection of position statements was finalized in December 2019. EC have adverse lung effects and harmful effects of long-term use are unknown. EC are unsuitable consumer products for recreational use, part-substitution for smoking or long-term exclusive use by former smokers. Smokers who require support to quit smoking should be directed towards approved medication in conjunction with behavioural support as having the strongest evidence for efficacy and safety. No specific EC product can be recommended as effective and safe for smoking cessation. Smoking cessation claims in relation to EC should be assessed by established regulators.

Published
2020

12. Diagnostic accuracy of a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an international case-cohort study

Author

Walsh S. L. F., Maher T. M., Kolb M., Poletti V., Nusser R., Richeldi L., Vancheri C., Wilsher M. L., Antoniou K. M., Behr J., Bendstrup E., Brown K., Calandriello L., Corte T. J., Cottin V., Crestani B., Flaherty K., Glaspole I., Grutters J., Inoue Y., Kokosi M., Kondoh Y., Kouranos V., Kreuter M., Johannson K., Judge E., Ley B., Margaritopoulos G., Martinez F. J., Molina-Molina M., Morais A., Nunes H., Raghu G., Ryerson C. J., Selman M., Spagnolo P., Taniguchi H., Tomassetti S., Valeyre D., Wijsenbeek M., Wuyts W., Hansell D., Wells A., Zhu P. S., Yuan Y., Yoshito Fukuda C., Yoshimatsu Y., Xaubet A., Wong A. M., White P., Westney G., West A., Wessendorf T., Waseda Y., Wang C., Vienna J. M., Videnovic Ivanov J., Vicens Zygmunt V., Venero Caceres M. C., Velasquez Pinto G., Veitch E., Vasakova M., Varone F., Varela B. E., Van Hal P., Van De Ven M., Van Der Lee I., Van Den Toorn L., Urrutia Gajate A., Urban J., Ugarte Fornell L. G., Tzouvelekis A., Twohig K., Turner A., Trujillo S., Triani A., Traila D., Torres V., Tomioka H., Tomii K., Tomic R., Toma C., Tokgoz Akyil F., Tobino K., Tobar R., Tiwari A., Tibana R., Tian X., Thillai M., Tham W., Teo F., Tekavec Trkanjec J., Teixeira P., Tarpey D., Tapias L., Tanizawa K., Tanino Y., Takada T., Tabaj G., Szolnoki E., Swarnakar R., Strambu I., Sterclova M., Spinks K., Soo C. I., Soltani A., Solanki S., Sobh E., Soares M. R., Smith J., Smith B., Slocum P., Slabbynck H., Sivokozov I., Shifren A., Shen S. M., Sharp C., Shanmuganathan A., Sebastiani A., Scarlata S., Savas R., Sasaki S., Santeliz J., Santana ANC., Sanchez R., Salinas M., Saito S., Ryan F., Royo Prats J. A., Rosi E., Rokadia H., Robles Perez A., Rivera Ortega P., Rio Ramirez M., Righetti S., Reichner C., Ravaglia C., Ratanawatkul P., Ramalingam V., Rajasekaran A., Radzikowska E., Ra S. W., Quadrelli S., Precerutti J., Prasad J., Popa D., Pizzalato S., Piotrowski W., Pineiro A., Piloni D., Peros Golubicic T., Perez R., Pereira C., Pereira B., Perch M., Patel N., Patel D., Papanikolaou I., Papakosta D., Panselinas E., Pang Y. K., Pandya P., Padrao E., Ozdemir Kumbasar O., Overbeek M. J., Otto Minasian A., O'Riordan D., Ora J., Oldham J., Okutan O., Ohshimo S., Oguzulgen I. K., Ogura T., O'Donnell T., O'Dochartaigh C., O'Beirne S., Novikova L., Novelli L., Noth I., Nogueira Mendes Neto N., Niroumand M., Nieto A., Neves A., Nambiar A., Nair S., Nadama R., Murtagh E., Mura M., Muller Quernheim J., Mukhopadhyay A., Mukherjee S., Morisset J., Moran O., Mooney J., Moller J., Mogulkoc N., Miyamoto A., Milenkovic B., Mette S., Mejia M., Mei F., Mazzei M., Matsuda T., Mason C., Martinez Frances M., Mannarino S., Mancuzo E., Malli F., Malhotra P., Maillo M., Maia J., Mahdavian M., Madsen F., Luckhardt T., Lucht W., Low S. Y., Lopez Miguel C. P., Lipchik R., Levy S., Levin K., Lee K. L., Lederer D., Lammi M. R., Kwan H. Y., Kukreja S., Kruavit A., Kotecki M., Kolilekas L., Knoop H., Kiyan E., Kishaba T., King Biggs M., Khor Y. H., Khan A., Khalil N., Kedia R., Kebba N., Kawano Dourado L., Kapitan K., Kan C. D., Kalyoncu A. F., Kalluri M., Kabasakal Y., Jyothula S., Juretschke M. A., Jovanovic D., Jonkers R., Jo H., Izumi S., Ishii H., Ikeda S., Ibrahim A., Hyldgaard C., Hunninghake G., Huie T., Hufton A., Hu X., Hseih W. C., Hoyos R., Hoyles R., Holguin Rodriguez O., Hogan M. P., Hodgson U., Hilkin Sogoloff H., Herrera E., Henry B. M., Hellemons M., Hecimovic A., Hayashi R., Hart S., Harari S., Haney S., Hambly N., Hakkim R., Gutierrez M., Gripaldo R., Gomez A., Goh N., Godoy R., Gilbert C., Giannarakis I., Gasparini S., Garcha P., Furtado S., Fois A., Flood Page P., Fletcher S., Fiss E., Figueroa Casas J., Figueroa Casas M., Fiddler C. A., Ferrara G., Fernandez Casares M., Felton C., Faverio P., Fabro A. T., Estrada A., Errhalt P., Enomoto N., Enghelmayer J. I., El Kersh K., Eiger G., Dubaniewicz A., Drakopanagiotakis F., Disayabutr S., Dijkstra A., Diaz Patino J. C., Diaz Castanon J. J., Dhooria S., Dhasmana D. J., De Rosa M., De Luca S., Delobbe A., Delgado D., Delgado C., De La Fuente I., De Kruif M., De Gier M., De Andrade J., Davidsen J. R., Daoud B., Dalhoff K., Cotera Solano J. V., Costa A. N., Coronel S., Confalonieri M., Conemans L., Comellas A., Colella S., Clemente S., Clark J., Ciuffreda M., Chung C. L., Chong S. G., Chirita D., Chen P. L., Chaudhuri N., Chambers D., Chalmers G., Chairman D., Chai G. T., Chacon Chaves R., Cetinsu V., Ceruti M., Ceballos Zuniga C. O., Castillo D., Carbone R. G., Caminati A., Callejas Gonzalez F. J., Butler M., Bustos C., Bukowczan M., Buendia I., Brunetti G., Brockway B., Bresser P., Breseghello J., Bouros D., Botero Zaccour J. A., Borzone G., Borie R., Blum H. C., Blank J., Biswas A., Bennett D., Benjamin M., Belaconi I. N., Beirne P., Beckert L., Bastiampillai S., Bascom R., Bartholmai B., Barros M., Ban AYL., Balestro E., Baldi B., Baddini Martinez J., Baburao A., Babu S., Averyanov A., Avdeev S., Athanazio R., Atahan E., Asuquo B., Assayag D., Antuni J., Antillon S., Anderson K. C., Anderson A., Alwani F., Altinisik G., Alsouofi N., Allam J. S., Al Jahdali H., Al Farttoosi A., Alfaro T., Al Busaidi N., Alavi Foumani A., Agreda Vedia M. G., Agarwal A., Afridi F., Adeyeye O. O., Adegunsoye A., Adamali H., Abedini A., Walsh, S. L. F., Maher, T. M., Kolb, M., Poletti, V., Nusser, R., Richeldi, L., Vancheri, C., Wilsher, M. L., Antoniou, K. M., Behr, J., Bendstrup, E., Brown, K., Calandriello, L., Corte, T. J., Cottin, V., Crestani, B., Flaherty, K., Glaspole, I., Grutters, J., Inoue, Y., Kokosi, M., Kondoh, Y., Kouranos, V., Kreuter, M., Johannson, K., Judge, E., Ley, B., Margaritopoulos, G., Martinez, F. J., Molina-Molina, M., Morais, A., Nunes, H., Raghu, G., Ryerson, C. J., Selman, M., Spagnolo, P., Taniguchi, H., Tomassetti, S., Valeyre, D., Wijsenbeek, M., Wuyts, W., Hansell, D., Wells, A., Zhu, P. S., Yuan, Y., Yoshito Fukuda, C., Yoshimatsu, Y., Xaubet, A., Wong, A. M., White, P., Westney, G., West, A., Wessendorf, T., Waseda, Y., Wang, C., Vienna, J. M., Videnovic Ivanov, J., Vicens Zygmunt, V., Venero Caceres, M. C., Velasquez Pinto, G., Veitch, E., Vasakova, M., Varone, F., Varela, B. E., Van Hal, P., Van De Ven, M., Van Der Lee, I., Van Den Toorn, L., Urrutia Gajate, A., Urban, J., Ugarte Fornell, L. G., Tzouvelekis, A., Twohig, K., Turner, A., Trujillo, S., Triani, A., Traila, D., Torres, V., Tomioka, H., Tomii, K., Tomic, R., Toma, C., Tokgoz Akyil, F., Tobino, K., Tobar, R., Tiwari, A., Tibana, R., Tian, X., Thillai, M., Tham, W., Teo, F., Tekavec Trkanjec, J., Teixeira, P., Tarpey, D., Tapias, L., Tanizawa, K., Tanino, Y., Takada, T., Tabaj, G., Szolnoki, E., Swarnakar, R., Strambu, I., Sterclova, M., Spinks, K., Soo, C. I., Soltani, A., Solanki, S., Sobh, E., Soares, M. R., Smith, J., Smith, B., Slocum, P., Slabbynck, H., Sivokozov, I., Shifren, A., Shen, S. M., Sharp, C., Shanmuganathan, A., Sebastiani, A., Scarlata, S., Savas, R., Sasaki, S., Santeliz, J., Santana, Anc., Sanchez, R., Salinas, M., Saito, S., Ryan, F., Royo Prats, J. A., Rosi, E., Rokadia, H., Robles Perez, A., Rivera Ortega, P., Rio Ramirez, M., Righetti, S., Reichner, C., Ravaglia, C., Ratanawatkul, P., Ramalingam, V., Rajasekaran, A., Radzikowska, E., Ra, S. W., Quadrelli, S., Precerutti, J., Prasad, J., Popa, D., Pizzalato, S., Piotrowski, W., Pineiro, A., Piloni, D., Peros Golubicic, T., Perez, R., Pereira, C., Pereira, B., Perch, M., Patel, N., Patel, D., Papanikolaou, I., Papakosta, D., Panselinas, E., Pang, Y. K., Pandya, P., Padrao, E., Ozdemir Kumbasar, O., Overbeek, M. J., Otto Minasian, A., O'Riordan, D., Ora, J., Oldham, J., Okutan, O., Ohshimo, S., Oguzulgen, I. K., Ogura, T., O'Donnell, T., O'Dochartaigh, C., O'Beirne, S., Novikova, L., Novelli, L., Noth, I., Nogueira Mendes Neto, N., Niroumand, M., Nieto, A., Neves, A., Nambiar, A., Nair, S., Nadama, R., Murtagh, E., Mura, M., Muller Quernheim, J., Mukhopadhyay, A., Mukherjee, S., Morisset, J., Moran, O., Mooney, J., Moller, J., Mogulkoc, N., Miyamoto, A., Milenkovic, B., Mette, S., Mejia, M., Mei, F., Mazzei, M., Matsuda, T., Mason, C., Martinez Frances, M., Mannarino, S., Mancuzo, E., Malli, F., Malhotra, P., Maillo, M., Maia, J., Mahdavian, M., Madsen, F., Luckhardt, T., Lucht, W., Low, S. Y., Lopez Miguel, C. P., Lipchik, R., Levy, S., Levin, K., Lee, K. L., Lederer, D., Lammi, M. R., Kwan, H. Y., Kukreja, S., Kruavit, A., Kotecki, M., Kolilekas, L., Knoop, H., Kiyan, E., Kishaba, T., King Biggs, M., Khor, Y. H., Khan, A., Khalil, N., Kedia, R., Kebba, N., Kawano Dourado, L., Kapitan, K., Kan, C. D., Kalyoncu, A. F., Kalluri, M., Kabasakal, Y., Jyothula, S., Juretschke, M. A., Jovanovic, D., Jonkers, R., Jo, H., Izumi, S., Ishii, H., Ikeda, S., Ibrahim, A., Hyldgaard, C., Hunninghake, G., Huie, T., Hufton, A., Hu, X., Hseih, W. C., Hoyos, R., Hoyles, R., Holguin Rodriguez, O., Hogan, M. P., Hodgson, U., Hilkin Sogoloff, H., Herrera, E., Henry, B. M., Hellemons, M., Hecimovic, A., Hayashi, R., Hart, S., Harari, S., Haney, S., Hambly, N., Hakkim, R., Gutierrez, M., Gripaldo, R., Gomez, A., Goh, N., Godoy, R., Gilbert, C., Giannarakis, I., Gasparini, S., Garcha, P., Furtado, S., Fois, A., Flood Page, P., Fletcher, S., Fiss, E., Figueroa Casas, J., Figueroa Casas, M., Fiddler, C. A., Ferrara, G., Fernandez Casares, M., Felton, C., Faverio, P., Fabro, A. T., Estrada, A., Errhalt, P., Enomoto, N., Enghelmayer, J. I., El Kersh, K., Eiger, G., Dubaniewicz, A., Drakopanagiotakis, F., Disayabutr, S., Dijkstra, A., Diaz Patino, J. C., Diaz Castanon, J. J., Dhooria, S., Dhasmana, D. J., De Rosa, M., De Luca, S., Delobbe, A., Delgado, D., Delgado, C., De La Fuente, I., De Kruif, M., De Gier, M., De Andrade, J., Davidsen, J. R., Daoud, B., Dalhoff, K., Cotera Solano, J. V., Costa, A. N., Coronel, S., Confalonieri, M., Conemans, L., Comellas, A., Colella, S., Clemente, S., Clark, J., Ciuffreda, M., Chung, C. L., Chong, S. G., Chirita, D., Chen, P. L., Chaudhuri, N., Chambers, D., Chalmers, G., Chairman, D., Chai, G. T., Chacon Chaves, R., Cetinsu, V., Ceruti, M., Ceballos Zuniga, C. O., Castillo, D., Carbone, R. G., Caminati, A., Callejas Gonzalez, F. J., Butler, M., Bustos, C., Bukowczan, M., Buendia, I., Brunetti, G., Brockway, B., Bresser, P., Breseghello, J., Bouros, D., Botero Zaccour, J. A., Borzone, G., Borie, R., Blum, H. C., Blank, J., Biswas, A., Bennett, D., Benjamin, M., Belaconi, I. N., Beirne, P., Beckert, L., Bastiampillai, S., Bascom, R., Bartholmai, B., Barros, M., Ban, Ayl., Balestro, E., Baldi, B., Baddini Martinez, J., Baburao, A., Babu, S., Averyanov, A., Avdeev, S., Athanazio, R., Atahan, E., Asuquo, B., Assayag, D., Antuni, J., Antillon, S., Anderson, K. C., Anderson, A., Alwani, F., Altinisik, G., Alsouofi, N., Allam, J. S., Al Jahdali, H., Al Farttoosi, A., Alfaro, T., Al Busaidi, N., Alavi Foumani, A., Agreda Vedia, M. G., Agarwal, A., Afridi, F., Adeyeye, O. O., Adegunsoye, A., Adamali, H., Abedini, A., National Institute for Health Research, British Lung Foundation, Walsh, S, Maher, T, Kolb, M, Poletti, V, Nusser, R, Richeldi, L, Vancheri, C, Wilsher, M, Antoniou, K, Behr, J, Bendstrup, E, Brown, K, Calandriello, L, Corte, T, Cottin, V, Crestani, B, Flaherty, K, Glaspole, I, Grutters, J, Inoue, Y, Kokosi, M, Kondoh, Y, Kouranos, V, Kreuter, M, Johannson, K, Judge, E, Ley, B, Margaritopoulos, G, Martinez, F, Molina-Molina, M, Morais, A, Nunes, H, Raghu, G, Ryerson, C, Selman, M, Spagnolo, P, Taniguchi, H, Tomassetti, S, Valeyre, D, Wijsenbeek, M, Wuyts, W, Hansell, D, Wells, A, Zhu, P, Yuan, Y, Yoshito Fukuda, C, Yoshimatsu, Y, Xaubet, A, Wong, A, White, P, Westney, G, West, A, Wessendorf, T, Waseda, Y, Wang, C, Vienna, J, Videnovic Ivanov, J, Vicens Zygmunt, V, Venero Caceres, M, Velasquez Pinto, G, Veitch, E, Vasakova, M, Varone, F, Varela, B, Van Hal, P, Van De Ven, M, Van Der Lee, I, Van Den Toorn, L, Urrutia Gajate, A, Urban, J, Ugarte Fornell, L, Tzouvelekis, A, Twohig, K, Turner, A, Trujillo, S, Triani, A, Traila, D, Torres, V, Tomioka, H, Tomii, K, Tomic, R, Toma, C, Tokgoz Akyil, F, Tobino, K, Tobar, R, Tiwari, A, Tibana, R, Tian, X, Thillai, M, Tham, W, Teo, F, Tekavec Trkanjec, J, Teixeira, P, Tarpey, D, Tapias, L, Tanizawa, K, Tanino, Y, Takada, T, Tabaj, G, Szolnoki, E, Swarnakar, R, Strambu, I, Sterclova, M, Spinks, K, Soo, C, Soltani, A, Solanki, S, Sobh, E, Soares, M, Smith, J, Smith, B, Slocum, P, Slabbynck, H, Sivokozov, I, Shifren, A, Shen, S, Sharp, C, Shanmuganathan, A, Sebastiani, A, Scarlata, S, Savas, R, Sasaki, S, Santeliz, J, Santana, A, Sanchez, R, Salinas, M, Saito, S, Ryan, F, Royo Prats, J, Rosi, E, Rokadia, H, Robles Perez, A, Rivera Ortega, P, Rio Ramirez, M, Righetti, S, Reichner, C, Ravaglia, C, Ratanawatkul, P, Ramalingam, V, Rajasekaran, A, Radzikowska, E, Ra, S, Quadrelli, S, Precerutti, J, Prasad, J, Popa, D, Pizzalato, S, Piotrowski, W, Pineiro, A, Piloni, D, Peros Golubicic, T, Perez, R, Pereira, C, Pereira, B, Perch, M, Patel, N, Patel, D, Papanikolaou, I, Papakosta, D, Panselinas, E, Pang, Y, Pandya, P, Padrao, E, Ozdemir Kumbasar, O, Overbeek, M, Otto Minasian, A, O'Riordan, D, Ora, J, Oldham, J, Okutan, O, Ohshimo, S, Oguzulgen, I, Ogura, T, O'Donnell, T, O'Dochartaigh, C, O'Beirne, S, Novikova, L, Novelli, L, Noth, I, Nogueira Mendes Neto, N, Niroumand, M, Nieto, A, Neves, A, Nambiar, A, Nair, S, Nadama, R, Murtagh, E, Mura, M, Muller Quernheim, J, Mukhopadhyay, A, Mukherjee, S, Morisset, J, Moran, O, Mooney, J, Moller, J, Mogulkoc, N, Miyamoto, A, Milenkovic, B, Mette, S, Mejia, M, Mei, F, Mazzei, M, Matsuda, T, Mason, C, Martinez Frances, M, Mannarino, S, Mancuzo, E, Malli, F, Malhotra, P, Maillo, M, Maia, J, Mahdavian, M, Madsen, F, Luckhardt, T, Lucht, W, Low, S, Lopez Miguel, C, Lipchik, R, Levy, S, Levin, K, Lee, K, Lederer, D, Lammi, M, Kwan, H, Kukreja, S, Kruavit, A, Kotecki, M, Kolilekas, L, Knoop, H, Kiyan, E, Kishaba, T, King Biggs, M, Khor, Y, Khan, A, Khalil, N, Kedia, R, Kebba, N, Kawano Dourado, L, Kapitan, K, Kan, C, Kalyoncu, A, Kalluri, M, Kabasakal, Y, Jyothula, S, Juretschke, M, Jovanovic, D, Jonkers, R, Jo, H, Izumi, S, Ishii, H, Ikeda, S, Ibrahim, A, Hyldgaard, C, Hunninghake, G, Huie, T, Hufton, A, Hu, X, Hseih, W, Hoyos, R, Hoyles, R, Holguin Rodriguez, O, Hogan, M, Hodgson, U, Hilkin Sogoloff, H, Herrera, E, Henry, B, Hellemons, M, Hecimovic, A, Hayashi, R, Hart, S, Harari, S, Haney, S, Hambly, N, Hakkim, R, Gutierrez, M, Gripaldo, R, Gomez, A, Goh, N, Godoy, R, Gilbert, C, Giannarakis, I, Gasparini, S, Garcha, P, Furtado, S, Fois, A, Flood Page, P, Fletcher, S, Fiss, E, Figueroa Casas, J, Figueroa Casas, M, Fiddler, C, Ferrara, G, Fernandez Casares, M, Felton, C, Faverio, P, Fabro, A, Estrada, A, Errhalt, P, Enomoto, N, Enghelmayer, J, El Kersh, K, Eiger, G, Dubaniewicz, A, Drakopanagiotakis, F, Disayabutr, S, Dijkstra, A, Diaz Patino, J, Diaz Castanon, J, Dhooria, S, Dhasmana, D, De Rosa, M, De Luca, S, Delobbe, A, Delgado, D, Delgado, C, De La Fuente, I, De Kruif, M, De Gier, M, De Andrade, J, Davidsen, J, Daoud, B, Dalhoff, K, Cotera Solano, J, Costa, A, Coronel, S, Confalonieri, M, Conemans, L, Comellas, A, Colella, S, Clemente, S, Clark, J, Ciuffreda, M, Chung, C, Chong, S, Chirita, D, Chen, P, Chaudhuri, N, Chambers, D, Chalmers, G, Chairman, D, Chai, G, Chacon Chaves, R, Cetinsu, V, Ceruti, M, Ceballos Zuniga, C, Castillo, D, Carbone, R, Caminati, A, Callejas Gonzalez, F, Butler, M, Bustos, C, Bukowczan, M, Buendia, I, Brunetti, G, Brockway, B, Bresser, P, Breseghello, J, Bouros, D, Botero Zaccour, J, Borzone, G, Borie, R, Blum, H, Blank, J, Biswas, A, Bennett, D, Benjamin, M, Belaconi, I, Beirne, P, Beckert, L, Bastiampillai, S, Bascom, R, Bartholmai, B, Barros, M, Ban, A, Balestro, E, Baldi, B, Baddini Martinez, J, Baburao, A, Babu, S, Averyanov, A, Avdeev, S, Athanazio, R, Atahan, E, Asuquo, B, Assayag, D, Antuni, J, Antillon, S, Anderson, K, Anderson, A, Alwani, F, Altinisik, G, Alsouofi, N, Allam, J, Al Jahdali, H, Al Farttoosi, A, Alfaro, T, Al Busaidi, N, Alavi Foumani, A, Agreda Vedia, M, Agarwal, A, Afridi, F, Adeyeye, O, Adegunsoye, A, Adamali, H, Abedini, A, and Pulmonary Medicine

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, International Cooperation, Respiratory System, Hospitals, University, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 0302 clinical medicine, Cohen's kappa, Diagnosis, UK, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medical diagnosis, Referral and Consultation, Pulmonologists, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosi, Interstitial lung disease, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, Middle Aged, respiratory system, Prognosis, Hospitals, humanities, Dimensional Measurement Accuracy, Clinical Competence, Diagnosis, Differential, Diagnostic Techniques, Respiratory System, Female, Humans, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Quality of Health Care, Reproducibility of Results, Human, Cohort study, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Prognosi, education, MEDLINE, Reproducibility of Result, INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA, Interstitial Lung Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, PARENCHYMAL LUNG-DISEASE, MANAGEMENT, medicine, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, diagnosis, Pulmonologist, University, business.industry, MORTALITY, Original Articles, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, Diagnostic Techniques, IPF Project Consortium, 030228 respiratory system, Differential, INTEROBSERVER AGREEMENT, UPDATE, COOPERAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL, Differential diagnosis, business
Abstract

We conducted an international study of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diagnosis among a large group of physicians and compared their diagnostic performance to a panel of IPF experts. A total of 1141 respiratory physicians and 34 IPF experts participated. Participants evaluated 60 cases of interstitial lung disease (ILD) without interdisciplinary consultation. Diagnostic agreement was measured using the weighted kappa coefficient (κw). Prognostic discrimination between IPF and other ILDs was used to validate diagnostic accuracy for first-choice diagnoses of IPF and were compared using the C-index. A total of 404 physicians completed the study. Agreement for IPF diagnosis was higher among expert physicians (κw=0.65, IQR 0.53–0.72, p20 years of experience (C-index=0.72, IQR 0.0–0.73, p=0.229) and non-university hospital physicians with more than 20 years of experience, attending weekly MDT meetings (C-index=0.72, IQR 0.70–0.72, p=0.052), did not differ significantly (p=0.229 and p=0.052 respectively) from the expert panel (C-index=0.74 IQR 0.72–0.75). Experienced respiratory physicians at university-based institutions diagnose IPF with similar prognostic accuracy to IPF experts. Regular MDT meeting attendance improves the prognostic accuracy of experienced non-university practitioners to levels achieved by IPF experts., Academic status, access to MDT meetings and clinician experience predict accuracy of a clinical diagnosis of IPF http://ow.ly/k43W30cTMg1

Published
2017

19. Consolidated criteria for strengthening reporting of health research involving indigenous peoples: the CONSIDER statement

Author

Huria, T, Palmer, SC, Pitama, S, Beckert, L, Lacey, C, Ewen, S, Smith, LT, Huria, T, Palmer, SC, Pitama, S, Beckert, L, Lacey, C, Ewen, S, and Smith, LT

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Research reporting guidelines are increasingly commonplace and shown to improve the quality of published health research and health outcomes. Despite severe health inequities among Indigenous Peoples and the potential for research to address the causes, there is an extended legacy of health research exploiting Indigenous Peoples. This paper describes the development of the CONSolIDated critERtia for strengthening the reporting of health research involving Indigenous Peoples (CONSIDER) statement. METHODS: A collaborative prioritization process was conducted based on national and international statements and guidelines about Indigenous health research from the following nations (Peoples): Australia (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders), Canada (First Nations Peoples, Métis), Hawaii (Native Hawaiian), New Zealand (Māori), Taiwan (Taiwan Indigenous Tribes), United States of America (First Nations Peoples) and Northern Scandinavian countries (Sami). A review of seven research guidelines was completed, and meta-synthesis was used to construct a reporting guideline checklist for transparent and comprehensive reporting of research involving Indigenous Peoples. RESULTS: A list of 88 possible checklist items was generated, reconciled, and categorized. Eight research domains and 17 criteria for the reporting of research involving Indigenous Peoples were identified. The research reporting domains were: (i) governance; (ii) relationships; (iii) prioritization; (iv) methodologies; (v) participation; (vi) capacity; (vii) analysis and findings; and (viii) dissemination. CONCLUSIONS: The CONSIDER statement is a collaborative synthesis and prioritization of national and international research statements and guidelines. The CONSIDER statement provides a checklist for the reporting of health research involving Indigenous peoples to strengthen research praxis and advance Indigenous health outcomes.

Published
2019

20. Riociguat for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension

Author

Ghofrani, Ha, Galiè, N, Grimminger, F, Grünig, E, Humbert, M, Jing, Zc, Keogh, Am, Langleben, D, Kilama, Mo, Fritsch, A, Neuser, D, Rubin, Lj, 1 Study Group including Bortman G, Patent, Keogh, A, Kermeen, F, Feenstra, J, Williams, T, Reeves, G, Kilpatrick, D, Lang, I, Kahler, C, Mascherbauer Steringer, R, Vachiery, Jl, Delcroix, M, Meyer, G, Arakaki, J, Santana, M, Waetge, D, Granton, J, Helmersen, D, He, J, Jing, Z, Zhou, D, Huang, Y, Wang, C, Jansa, P, Neilsen Kudsk JE, Hachulla, E, De Groote, P, Frachon, I, Bourdin, A, Pison, C, Bauer, F, Dromer, C, Marquette, Ch, Degano, B, Neurohr, C, Wilkens, H, Hoffken, G, Hoeper, M, Ghofrani, A, Wirtz, H, Rosenkranz, S, Ewert, R, Orfanos, S, Kramer, M, Ben Gal, T, Scelsi, L, Vizza, C, Harari, S, Confalonieri, M, Albera, Carlo, Fukumoto, Y, Sano, M, Hatano, M, Saji, T, Tanaka, S, Takeda, Y, Takehara, K, Matsubara, H, Kihara, Y, Shiohira, Y, Kawai, H, Homma, S, Satoh, T, Tokunaga, T, Ishizaki, T, Diaz, C, Zamudio, T, De Los Rios, M, Estupian, S, Cacho, Jr, Gamba, M, Beckert, L, Torbicki, A, Castro, G, Reis, A, Agapito, A, Martins, S, Kim, H, Lee, S, Chang, H, Song, Y, Chazova, I, Moiseeva, O, Lim, S, Yip, J, Barbera, J, Roman, A, Palma Jdel, C, Reitan, O, Soderberg, S, Jansson, K, Speich, R, Hsu, Hh, Lin, Hy, Cheng, Cc, Phrommintikul, A, Jaimchariyatam, N, Sayin, T, Kultursay, H, Ongen, G, Pepke Zaba, J, Coghlan, G, Peacock, A, Gibbs, J, Wagoner, L, Badesch, D, Frost, A, Hill, N, Allen, R, Waxman, A, Sood, N, Torres, F, Minai, O, Shapiro, S, Klinger, J, Engel, P, Garcia, H, Schuller, D, Poch, D, Rosenzweig, E, Mcconnell, J, Rischard, F, Olschewski, H, Haverkamp, W, Lehmacher, W, Hoischen, S, Collamati, S, Dehay, J, Hallmann, M, Menezes, F., Ghofrani HA, Galiè N, Grimminger F, Grünig E, Humbert M, Jing ZC, Keogh AM, Langleben D, Kilama MO, Fritsch A, Neuser D, Rubin LJ, and PATENT-1 Study Group

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, General Medicine, Placebo, medicine.disease, Pulmonary hypertension, Riociguat, law.invention, Surgery, Clinical trial, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.anatomical_structure, Randomized controlled trial, chemistry, DRUG THERAPY, law, Anesthesia, riociguat, pulmonary arterial hypertension, Clinical endpoint, Vascular resistance, Medicine, business, Macitentan, medicine.drug
Abstract

Riociguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, has been shown in a phase 2 trial to be beneficial in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. METHODS: In this phase 3, double-blind study, we randomly assigned 443 patients with symptomatic pulmonary arterial hypertension to receive placebo, riociguat in individually adjusted doses of up to 2.5 mg three times daily (2.5 mg-maximum group), or riociguat in individually adjusted doses that were capped at 1.5 mg three times daily (1.5 mg-maximum group). The 1.5 mg-maximum group was included for exploratory purposes, and the data from that group were analyzed descriptively. Patients who were receiving no other treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension and patients who were receiving endothelin-receptor antagonists or (nonintravenous) prostanoids were eligible. The primary end point was the change from baseline to the end of week 12 in the distance walked in 6 minutes. Secondary end points included the change in pulmonary vascular resistance, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, World Health Organization (WHO) functional class, time to clinical worsening, score on the Borg dyspnea scale, quality-of-life variables, and safety. RESULTS: By week 12, the 6-minute walk distance had increased by a mean of 30 m in the 2.5 mg-maximum group and had decreased by a mean of 6 m in the placebo group (least-squares mean difference, 36 m; 95% confidence interval, 20 to 52; P

Published
2013

21. Clinical use of pulse oximetry: Official guidelines from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand.

Author

Roebuck T., Hamilton G., Beckert L., Pretto J.J., Roebuck T., Hamilton G., Beckert L., and Pretto J.J.

Abstract

Pulse oximetry provides a simple, non-invasive approximation of arterial oxygenation in a wide variety of clinical settings including emergency and critical-care medicine, hospital-based and ambulatory care, perioperative monitoring, inpatient and outpatient settings, and for specific diagnostic applications. Pulse oximetry is of utility in perinatal, paediatric, adult and geriatric populations but may require use of age-specific sensors in these groups. It plays a role in the monitoring and treatment of respiratory dysfunction by detecting hypoxaemia and is effective in guiding oxygen therapy in both adult and paediatric populations. Pulse oximetry does not provide information about the adequacy of ventilation or about precise arterial oxygenation, particularly when arterial oxygen levels are very high or very low. Arterial blood gas analysis is the gold standard in these settings. Pulse oximetry may be inaccurate as a marker of oxygenation in the presence of dyshaemoglobinaemias such as carbon monoxide poisoning or methaemoglobinaemia where arterial oxygen saturation values will be overestimated. Technical considerations such as sensor position, signal averaging time and data sampling rates may influence clinical interpretation of pulse oximetry readings. © 2013 The Authors. Respirology © 2013 Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.

Published
2014

24. The impact of dysphagia on quality of life in ageing and Parkinson's disease as measured by the swallowing quality of life (SWAL-QOL) questionnaire.

Author

Leow LP, Huckabee M, Anderson T, Beckert L, Leow, Li Pyn, Huckabee, Maggie-Lee, Anderson, Tim, and Beckert, Lutz

Abstract

This prospective, cross-sectional study evaluated the impact of dysphagia on quality of life in healthy ageing and in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD) using the Swallowing Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL) questionnaire. Sixteen healthy young adults (8 males, mean age = 25.1 years) and 16 healthy elders (8 males, mean age = 72.8 years) were recruited. Thirty-two subjects with idiopathic PD (mean age = 68.5 years) were recruited from a movement disorders clinic. The severity of PD was staged using the Hoehn and Yahr scale. Results revealed that elders experienced symptoms of dysphagia more frequently than young adults but the overall SWAL-QOL scores were not significantly different. Subjects with PD who experienced dysphagia reported greatly reduced QOL, and significant differences were found in all but one subsection of the SWAL-QOL. Disease progression detrimentally impacts QOL, with subjects in later-stage PD experiencing further reduction in the desire to eat, difficulty with food selection, and prolonged eating duration. These features, which increase with disease severity, are likely to impact negatively upon nutritional status, which is already under threat from PD-related dysphagia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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26. Air travel hypoxemia vs. the hypoxia inhalation test in passengers with COPD.

Author

Kelly PT, Swanney MP, Seccombe LM, Frampton C, Peters MJ, Beckert L, Kelly, Paul T, Swanney, Maureen P, Seccombe, Leigh M, Frampton, Chris, Peters, Matthew J, and Beckert, Lutz

Abstract

Background: Limited data are available comparing air travel with the hypoxia inhalation test (HIT) in passengers with COPD. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive capability of the HIT to in-flight hypoxemia in passengers with COPD. Methods: Thirteen passengers (seven female passengers) with COPD (mean [+/- SD], FEV(1)/FVC ratio, 44 +/- 17%) volunteered for this study. Respiratory function tests were performed preflight. Pulse oximetry, cabin pressure, and dyspnea were recorded in flight. The HIT and a 6-min walk test were performed postflight. The in-flight oxygenation response was compared to the HIT results and respiratory function parameters. Results: All subjects flew without the use of oxygen, and no adverse events were recorded in-flight (mean cabin altitude, 2,165 m; altitude range, 1,892 to 2,365 m). Air travel caused significant desaturation (mean preflight oxygen saturation, 95 +/- 1%; mean in-flight oxygen saturation, 86 +/- 4%), which was worsened by activity (nadir pulse oximetric saturation [Spo(2)], 78 +/- 6%). The HIT caused mean desaturation that was comparable to that of air travel (84 +/- 4%). The mean in-flight partial pressure of inspired oxygen (Pio(2)) was higher than the HIT Pio(2) (113 +/- 3 mm Hg vs 107 +/- 1 mm Hg, respectively; p < 0.001). The HIT Spo(2) showed the strongest correlation with in-flight Spo(2) (r = 0.84; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Significant in-flight desaturation can be expected in passengers with COPD. The HIT results compared favorably with the air travel data, with differences explainable by Pio(2) and physical activity. The HIT is the best widely available laboratory test to predict in-flight hypoxemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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34. Proposed new industry code on unhealthy food marketing to children and young people: will it make a difference?

Author

Swinburn, B., Vandevijvere, S., Woodward, A., Hornblow, A., Richardson, A., Burlingame, B., Borman, B., Taylor, B., Breier, B., Arroll, B., Drummond, B., Grant, C., Bullen, C., Wall, C., Mhurchu, C. N., Cameron-Smith, D., Menkes, D., Murdoch, D., Mangin, D., Lennon, D., Sarfati, D., Sellman, D., Rush, E., Sopoaga, F., Thomson, G., Devlin, G., Abel, G., White, H., Coad, J., Hoek, J., Connor, J., Krebs, J., Douwes, J., Mann, J., Mccall, J., Broughton, J., Potter, J. D., Toop, L., Mccowan, L., Signal, L., Beckert, L., Elwood, M., Kruger, M., Mauro Farella, Baker, M., Keall, M., Skeaff, M., Thomson, M., Wilson, N., Chandler, N., Reid, P., Priest, P., Brunton, P., Crampton, P., Davis, P., Gendall, P., Howden-Chapman, P., Taylor, R., Edwards, R., Beaglehole, R., Doughty, R., Scragg, R., Gauld, R., Mcgee, R., Jackson, R., Hughes, R., Mulder, R., Bonita, R., Kruger, R., Casswell, S., Derrett, S., Ameratunga, S., Denny, S., Hales, S., Pullon, S., Wells, S., Cundy, T., Blakely, T., Swinburn, B., Vandevijvere, S., Woodward, A., Hornblow, A., Richardson, A., Burlingame, B., Borman, B., Taylor, B., Breier, B., Arroll, B., Drummond, B., Grant, C., Bullen, C., Wall, C., Mhurchu, C. N., Cameron-Smith, D., Menkes, D., Murdoch, D., Mangin, D., Lennon, D., Sarfati, D., Sellman, D., Rush, E., Sopoaga, F., Thomson, G., Devlin, G., Abel, G., White, H., Coad, J., Hoek, J., Connor, J., Krebs, J., Douwes, J., Mann, J., Mccall, J., Broughton, J., Potter, J. D., Toop, L., Mccowan, L., Signal, L., Beckert, L., Elwood, M., Kruger, M., Farella, M., Baker, M., Keall, M., Skeaff, M., Thomson, M., Wilson, N., Chandler, N., Reid, P., Priest, P., Brunton, P., Crampton, P., Davis, P., Gendall, P., Howden-Chapman, P., Taylor, R., Edwards, R., Beaglehole, R., Doughty, R., Scragg, R., Gauld, R., Mcgee, R., Jackson, R., Hughes, R., Mulder, R., Bonita, R., Kruger, R., Casswell, S., Derrett, S., Ameratunga, S., Denny, S., Hales, S., Pullon, S., Wells, S., Cundy, T., and Blakely, T.

Subjects
Marketing, Pediatric Obesity, Adolescent, Codes of Ethics, Food Industry, Humans, Diet, Healthy, Child, New Zealand
Abstract

Reducing the exposure of children and young people to the marketing of unhealthy foods is a core strategy for reducing the high overweight and obesity prevalence in this population. The Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) has recently reviewed its self-regulatory codes and proposed a revised single code on advertising to children. This article evaluates the proposed code against eight criteria for an effective code, which were included in a submission to the ASA review process from over 70 New Zealand health professors. The evaluation found that the proposed code largely represents no change or uncertain change from the existing codes, and cannot be expected to provide substantial protection for children and young people from the marketing of unhealthy foods. Government regulations will be needed to achieve this important outcome.

50. Policy, system and service design influence on healthcare inequities for people with end-of-life chronic obstructive airways disease, their support people and health professionals.

Author

Landers A, Pitama SG, Green SC, and Beckert L

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Health Policy, Middle Aged, Aged, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive therapy, Focus Groups, Terminal Care, Qualitative Research, Health Personnel psychology, Healthcare Disparities
Abstract

Background: People with end-of-life chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience debilitating physical limitations, with a high mortality rate. Our research has shown health system design and delivery leads to inequitable outcomes. Enabling people with end-of-life COPD, their support people, and health professionals to partner in setting the agenda for resource allocation may inform health service improvement., Design: Qualitative methodology utilising focus groups including patients, family, friends, informal support people, health care workers and professionals., Methods: The analysis, utilising critical theory and Actor-Network theory, positioned people with severe COPD, their support people and health professionals as experts in end-of-life care. Analyses triangulated these perspectives, and were reviewed by the research investigators and an expert reference group., Results: Participants (n=74) in seven focus groups reported their experiences of inequity within the healthcare system. Equity was an overarching phenomenon identified by participants, with three specific themes being described: policy design, system design, and service design., Conclusion: Experiences of patients, their support people and health professionals as experts in end-of-life COPD care can inform health systems and health service design to address current inequities in funding and delivery of care for end-of-life COPD., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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