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8 results on '"Beck, S.R."'

2. Guessing imagined and live chance events: adults behave like children with live events

Author

Robinson, E.J., Pendle, J.E.C., Rowley, M.G., Beck, S.R., and McColgan, K.L.T.

Subjects
Decision-making -- Demographic aspects, Games of chance (Mathematics) -- Psychological aspects, Children -- Behavior, Children -- Analysis, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Adults prefer to guess before a chance event has happened and not before however when an imaginary die is thrown. However, when a live die is thrown, children and 15-year-olds showed the opposite preference as did 17 adults.

Published
2009

4. Theory of mind deficits in Parkinson's disease: a product of executive dysfunction?

Author

Eddy, C.M., Beck, S.R., Mitchell, I.J., Praamstra, P., Pall, H.S., Eddy, C.M., Beck, S.R., Mitchell, I.J., Praamstra, P., and Pall, H.S.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, OBJECTIVE: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) can perform poorly on tasks involving theory of mind (ToM): the ability to reason about mental states. We investigated whether patients' ToM deficits were independent of executive dysfunction. METHOD: Experiment 1 aimed to establish that ToM deficits were present, and 2 following experiments manipulated the working memory (WM) demands of the ToM task. RESULTS: In Experiment 1, 15 patients with PD performed significantly more poorly than controls on a false belief vignette task but not on a faux pas task. Errors were related to poor verbal fluency. In Experiment 2, 24 patients with PD made fewer errors on shorter false belief vignettes than the original FBT, and errors on the latter were related to WM impairment. In Experiment 3, the FBT was presented as a comic strip visible throughout questioning, reducing WM demands. Patients (n = 24) made memory errors but no false belief errors on the comic strip. They exhibited no verbal fluency or WM impairments, but did exhibit deficits on a black-and-white Stroop task. False belief errors were not correlated with executive performance. CONCLUSIONS: PD patients made very few ToM errors that were independent of errors on memory questions, so in this sample, ToM deficits per se appear unlikely. However, patients still made errors on ToM tasks when associated incidental WM demands were considerably reduced, highlighting the need for future investigations of ToM in PD to account for the role of more general cognitive restrictions exhibited by even some medicated, early stage patients.

Published
2013

7. Quantitative trait loci for abdominal fat and BMI in Hispanic-Americans and African-Americans: the IRAS Family study.

Author

Norris, J.M., Langefeld, C.D., Scherzinger, A.L., Rich, S.S., Bookman, E., Beck, S.R., Saad, M.F., Haffner, S.M., Bergman, R.N., Bowden, D.W., and Wagenknecht, L.E.

Subjects
OBESITY, HEALTH of African Americans, TYPE 2 diabetes, INSULIN resistance, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, ADIPOSE tissues, BLACK people, COMPARATIVE studies, COMPUTED tomography, GENETICS, HISPANIC Americans, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, RESEARCH, PHENOTYPES, EVALUATION research, BODY mass index, CROSS-sectional method, WAIST-hip ratio, GENOTYPES
Abstract

Objective: To conduct linkage analysis for body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), visceral adipose tissue mass (VAT, cm2) and subcutaneous adipose tissue mass (SAT, cm2) using a whole genome scan. Design: Cross-sectional family study. Study Subjects: African-American families from Los Angeles (AA, n=21 extended pedigrees) and Hispanic-American families (HA) from San Antonio, TX (HA-SA, n=33 extended pedigrees) and San Luis Valley, CO (HA-SLV, n=12 extended pedigrees), totaling 1049 individuals in the Insulin Resistance and Atherosclerosis (IRAS) Family Study. Measurements: VAT and SAT were measured using a computed tomography scan obtained at the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae. All phenotypes were adjusted for age, gender, and study center. VAT, SAT, and WHR were analyzed both unadjusted and adjusted for BMI. Results: Significant linkage to BMI was found at D3S2387 (LOD=3.67) in African-Americans, and at D17S1290 in Hispanic-Americans (LOD=2.76). BMI-adjusted WHR was linked to 12q13-21 (D12S297 (LOD=2.67) and D12S1052 (LOD=2.60)) in Hispanic-Americans. The peak LOD score for BMI-adjusted VAT was found at D11S2006 (2.36) in Hispanic families from San Antonio. BMI-adjusted SAT was linked to D5S820 in Hispanic families (LOD=2.64). Evidence supporting linkage of WHR at D11S2006, VAT at D17S1290, and SAT at D1S1609, D3S2387, and D6S1056 was dependent on BMI, such that the LOD scores became nonsignificant after adjustment of these phenotypes for BMI. Conclusions: Our findings both replicate previous linkage regions and suggest novel regions in the genome that may harbor quantitative trait locis contributing to variation in measures of adiposity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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