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2. A ‘slow pace of life’ in Australian old-endemic passerine birds is not accompanied by low basal metabolic rates

Author

Bech, Claus, Chappell, Mark A, Astheimer, Lee B, Londoño, Gustavo A, and Buttemer, William A

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Aging, Good Health and Well Being, Animals, Australia, Basal Metabolism, Birds, Clutch Size, Longevity, Seasons, Sympatry, Tropical Climate, Australian passerines, Basal metabolic rate, Pace-of-life, Life history, Tropical vs. temperate, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Physiology, Zoology
Abstract

Life history theory suggests that species experiencing high extrinsic mortality rates allocate more resources toward reproduction relative to self-maintenance and reach maturity earlier ('fast pace of life') than those having greater life expectancy and reproducing at a lower rate ('slow pace of life'). Among birds, many studies have shown that tropical species have a slower pace of life than temperate-breeding species. The pace of life has been hypothesized to affect metabolism and, as predicted, tropical birds have lower basal metabolic rates (BMR) than temperate-breeding birds. However, many temperate-breeding Australian passerines belong to lineages that evolved in Australia and share 'slow' life-history traits that are typical of tropical birds. We obtained BMR from 30 of these 'old-endemics' and ten sympatric species of more recently arrived passerine lineages (derived from Afro-Asian origins or introduced by Europeans) with 'faster' life histories. The BMR of 'slow' temperate-breeding old-endemics was indistinguishable from that of new-arrivals and was not lower than the BMR of 'fast' temperate-breeding non-Australian passerines. Old-endemics had substantially smaller clutches and longer maximal life spans in the wild than new arrivals, but neither clutch size nor maximum life span was correlated with BMR. Our results suggest that low BMR in tropical birds is not functionally linked to their 'slow pace of life' and instead may be a consequence of differences in annual thermal conditions experienced by tropical versus temperate species.

Published
2016

8. Global phenological insensitivity to shifting ocean temperatures among seabirds

Author

Keogan, Katharine, Daunt, Francis, Wanless, Sarah, Phillips, Richard A., Walling, Craig A., Agnew, Philippa, Ainley, David G., Anker-Nilssen, Tycho, Ballard, Grant, Barrett, Robert T., Barton, Kerry J., Bech, Claus, Becker, Peter, Berglund, Per-Arvid, Bollache, Loïc, Bond, Alexander L., Bouwhuis, Sandra, Bradley, Russell W., Burr, Zofia M., Camphuysen, Kees, Catry, Paulo, Chiaradia, Andre, Christensen-Dalsgaard, Signe, Cuthbert, Richard, Dehnhard, Nina, Descamps, Sébastien, Diamond, Tony, Divoky, George, Drummond, Hugh, Dugger, Katie M., Dunn, Michael J., Emmerson, Louise, Erikstad, Kjell Einar, Fort, Jérôme, Fraser, William, Genovart, Meritxell, Gilg, Olivier, González-Solís, Jacob, Granadeiro, José Pedro, Grémillet, David, Hansen, Jannik, Hanssen, Sveinn A., Harris, Mike, Hedd, April, Hinke, Jefferson, Igual, José Manuel, Jahncke, Jaime, Jones, Ian, Kappes, Peter J., Lang, Johannes, Langset, Magdalene, Lescroël, Amélie, Lorentsen, Svein-Håkon, Lyver, Phil O’B., Mallory, Mark, Moe, Børge, Montevecchi, William A., Monticelli, David, Mostello, Carolyn, Newell, Mark, Nicholson, Lisa, Nisbet, Ian, Olsson, Olof, Oro, Daniel, Pattison, Vivian, Poisbleau, Maud, Pyk, Tanya, Quintana, Flavio, Ramos, Jaime A., Ramos, Raül, Reiertsen, Tone Kirstin, Rodríguez, Cristina, Ryan, Peter, Sanz-Aguilar, Ana, Schmidt, Niels M., Shannon, Paula, Sittler, Benoit, Southwell, Colin, Surman, Christopher, Svagelj, Walter S., Trivelpiece, Wayne, Warzybok, Pete, Watanuki, Yutaka, Weimerskirch, Henri, Wilson, Peter R., Wood, Andrew G., Phillimore, Albert B., and Lewis, Sue

Published
2018
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17. Variation and correlation in the timing of breeding of North Atlantic seabirds across multiple scales

Author

Keogan, Katharine, primary, Daunt, Francis, additional, Wanless, Sarah, additional, Phillips, Richard A., additional, Alvarez, David, additional, Anker‐Nilssen, Tycho, additional, Barrett, Robert T., additional, Bech, Claus, additional, Becker, Peter H., additional, Berglund, Per‐Arvid, additional, Bouwhuis, Sandra, additional, Burr, Zofia M., additional, Chastel, Olivier, additional, Christensen‐Dalsgaard, Signe, additional, Descamps, Sebastien, additional, Diamond, Tony, additional, Elliott, Kyle, additional, Erikstad, Kjell‐Einar, additional, Harris, Mike, additional, Hentati‐Sundberg, Jonas, additional, Heubeck, Martin, additional, Kress, Stephen W., additional, Langset, Magdalene, additional, Lorentsen, Svein‐Håkon, additional, Major, Heather L., additional, Mallory, Mark, additional, Mellor, Mick, additional, Miles, Will T. S., additional, Moe, Børge, additional, Mostello, Carolyn, additional, Newell, Mark, additional, Nisbet, Ian, additional, Reiertsen, Tone Kirstin, additional, Rock, Jennifer, additional, Shannon, Paula, additional, Varpe, Øystein, additional, Lewis, Sue, additional, and Phillimore, Albert B., additional

Published
2022
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19. Variation and correlation in the timing of breeding of North Atlantic seabirds across multiple scales

Author

Keogan, Katharine, Daunt, Francis, Wanless, Sarah, Phillips, Richard A., Alvarez, David, Anker‐Nilssen, Tycho, Barrett, Robert T., Bech, Claus, Becker, Peter H., Berglund, Per‐Arvid, Bouwhuis, Sandra, Burr, Zofia M., Chastel, Olivier, Christensen‐Dalsgaard, Signe, Descamps, Sebastien, Diamond, Tony, Elliott, Kyle, Erikstad, Kjell‐Einar, Harris, Mike, Hentati‐Sundberg, Jonas, Heubeck, Martin, Kress, Stephen W., Langset, Magdalene, Lorentsen, Svein‐Håkon, Major, Heather L., Mallory, Mark, Mellor, Mick, Miles, Will T.S., Moe, Børge, Mostello, Carolyn, Newell, Mark, Nisbet, Ian, Reiertsen, Tone Kirstin, Rock, Jennifer, Shannon, Paula, Varpe, Øystein, Lewis, Sue, Phillimore, Albert B., Keogan, Katharine, Daunt, Francis, Wanless, Sarah, Phillips, Richard A., Alvarez, David, Anker‐Nilssen, Tycho, Barrett, Robert T., Bech, Claus, Becker, Peter H., Berglund, Per‐Arvid, Bouwhuis, Sandra, Burr, Zofia M., Chastel, Olivier, Christensen‐Dalsgaard, Signe, Descamps, Sebastien, Diamond, Tony, Elliott, Kyle, Erikstad, Kjell‐Einar, Harris, Mike, Hentati‐Sundberg, Jonas, Heubeck, Martin, Kress, Stephen W., Langset, Magdalene, Lorentsen, Svein‐Håkon, Major, Heather L., Mallory, Mark, Mellor, Mick, Miles, Will T.S., Moe, Børge, Mostello, Carolyn, Newell, Mark, Nisbet, Ian, Reiertsen, Tone Kirstin, Rock, Jennifer, Shannon, Paula, Varpe, Øystein, Lewis, Sue, and Phillimore, Albert B.

Abstract

1. Timing of breeding, an important driver of fitness in many populations, is widely studied in the context of global change, yet despite considerable efforts to identify environmental drivers of seabird nesting phenology, for most populations we lack evidence of strong drivers. Here we adopt an alternative approach, examining the degree to which different populations positively covary in their annual phenology to infer whether phenological responses to environmental drivers are likely to be (i) shared across species at a range of spatial scales, (ii) shared across populations of a species, or (iii) idiosyncratic to populations. 2. We combined 51 long-term datasets on breeding phenology spanning 50 years from nine seabird species across 29 North Atlantic sites and examined the extent to which different populations share early versus late breeding seasons depending on a hierarchy of spatial scales comprising breeding site, small-scale region, large-scale region and the whole North Atlantic. 3. In about a third of cases we found laying dates of populations of different species sharing the same breeding site or small-scale breeding region were positively correlated, which is consistent with the hypothesis that they share phenological responses to the same environmental conditions. In comparison we found no evidence for positive phenological covariation among populations across species aggregated at larger spatial scales. 4. In general we found little evidence for positive phenological covariation between populations of a single species, and in many instances the inter-year variation specific to a population was substantial, consistent with each population responding idiosyncratically to local environmental conditions. Black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) was the exception, with populations exhibiting positive covariation in laying dates that decayed with the distance between breeding sites, suggesting that populations may be responding to a similar driver. 5. Our

Published
2022

21. A U-Turn for Mercury Concentrations over 20 Years: How Do Environmental Conditions Affect Exposure in Arctic Seabirds?

Author

Tartu, Sabrina, primary, Blévin, Pierre, additional, Bustamante, Paco, additional, Angelier, Frédéric, additional, Bech, Claus, additional, Bustnes, Jan Ove, additional, Chierici, Melissa, additional, Fransson, Agneta, additional, Gabrielsen, Geir W., additional, Goutte, Aurélie, additional, Moe, Børge, additional, Sauser, Christophe, additional, Sire, Julien, additional, Barbraud, Christophe, additional, and Chastel, Olivier, additional

Published
2022
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22. Tyngdens regnbue

Author

Pynchon, Thomas, Bech, Claus, and Andersen, Tore Rye

Abstract

Oversættelse af Thomas Pynchons roman Gravity’s Rainbow (1973) - jeg har redigeret oversættelsen

Published
2022

24. Variation and correlation in the timing of breeding of North Atlantic seabirds across multiple scales

Author

Keogan, Katharine, Daunt, Francis, Wanless, Sarah, Phillips, Richard A, Alvarez, David, Anker-Nilssen, Tycho, Barrett, Robert T., Bech, Claus, Becker, Peter H., Berglund, Per-Arvid, Bouwhuis, Sandra, Burr, Zofia M., Chastel, Olivier, Christensen-Dalsgaard, Signe, Descamps, Sébastien, Diamond, Tony, Elliott, Kyle, Erikstad, Kjell Einar, Harris, Mike P., Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, Heubeck, Martin, Kress, Stephen W., Langset, Magdalene, Lorensten, Svein-Håkon, Major, Heather L, Whalley, Heather, Mallory, Mark, Mellor, Mick, Miles, Will T S, Moe, Børge, Mostello, Carolyn, Newell, Mark A., Nisbet, Ian, Reiertsen, Tone Kirstin, Rock, Jennifer, Shannon, Paula, Varpe, Øystein, Lewis, Sue, Phillimore, Albert (Ally) B, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute, and University of St Andrews. School of Biology

Subjects
Breeding time, GC, Multispecies, QH301 Biology, Climate Change, Zoology and botany: 480 [VDP], DAS, QH301, Charadriiformes, Phenology, MCP, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Climate change, Animals, Animal Science and Zoology, GC Oceanography, Seasons, Macroecology, Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 [VDP], Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

The authors also thank funding sources: the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC; UK National Capability award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UKSCaPE programme); Joint Nature Conservatio Committee (JNCC); Environment and Climate Change Canada; Natural Resources Canada; New Bedford Harbor Trustee Council; The Norwegian Environment Agency (and its predecessors), the SEAPOP programme (www.seapop.no) and its key institutions: The Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, The Norwegian Polar Institute and Tromsø University Museum and the French Polar Institute. 1. Timing of breeding, an important driver of fitness in many populations, is widely studied in the context of global change, yet despite considerable efforts to identify environmental drivers of seabird nesting phenology, for most populations we lack evidence of strong drivers. Here we adopt an alternative approach, examining the degree to which different populations positively covary in their annual phenology to infer whether phenological responses to environmental drivers are likely to be (i) shared across species at a range of spatial scales, (ii) shared across populations of a species, or (iii) idiosyncratic to populations. 2. We combined 51 long-term datasets on breeding phenology spanning 50 years from nine seabird species across 29 North Atlantic sites and examined the extent to which different populations share early versus late breeding seasons depending on a hierarchy of spatial scales comprising breeding site, small-scale region, large-scale region and the whole North Atlantic. 3. In about a third of cases we found laying dates of populations of different species sharing the same breeding site or small-scale breeding region were positively correlated, which is consistent with the hypothesis that they share phenological responses to the same environmental conditions. In comparison we found no evidence for positive phenological covariation among populations across species aggregated at larger spatial scales. 4. In general we found little evidence for positive phenological covariation between populations of a single species, and in many instances the inter-year variation specific to a population was substantial, consistent with each population responding idiosyncratically to local environmental conditions. Black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) was the exception, with populations exhibiting positive covariation in laying dates that decayed with the distance between breeding sites, suggesting that populations may be responding to a similar driver. 5. Our approach sheds light on the potential factors that may drive phenology in our study species, thus furthering our understanding of the scales at which different seabirds interact with interannual variation in their environment. We also identify additional systems and phenological questions to which our inferential approach could be applied. Postprint

Published
2021

38. Corticosterone levels in relation to change of mate in Black-legged Kittiwakes/ Concentracion de corticosterona en relacion con los cambios de pareja en Rissa tridactyla

Author

Angelier, Frederic, Moe, Borge, Clement-Chastel, Celine, Bech, Claus, and Chastel, Olivier

Subjects
Birds -- Research, Birds -- Sexual behavior, Corticosterone -- Analysis, Courtship of animals -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

In birds, changing mates generally results in decreased breeding success. Although costs and benefits of pair break-up have been well studied, endocrine mechanisms associated with mate change are poorly known. We measured baseline and stress-induced corticosterone levels in relation to mate change in Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla). Baseline corticosterone levels were higher in kittiwakes breeding with a new mate than in kittiwakes that did not change mate. Stress-induced corticosterone levels were not influenced by change of mate. Elevated baseline corticosterone levels in birds breeding with a new mate could result from the social stress associated with pair break-up or mirror a higher energetic demand resulting from a lack of coordination between new pair members. Our results emphasize the usefulness of corticosterone levels in elucidating the effects of mate change on the energetic demands of reproduction in free-living birds. Key words: Black-legged Kittiwake, corticosterone, mate change, Rissa tridactyla, seabird. Los cambios de pareja generalmente inducen una disminucion del exito reproductivo en las aves. Aunque los costos y beneficios de la ruptura de pareja han sido bien estudiados, los mecanismos endocrinos asociados con el cambio de pareja permanecen poco conocidos. En este estudio se midieron las concentraciones de base e inducidas por estres de la corticosterona en relacion con el cambio de pareja en Rissa tridactyla. La concentracion basal de corticosterona de los individuos que formaron una nueva pareja fue superior a la de aquellos que mantuvieron la misma pareja del ano precedente. La concentracion de corticosterona luego de una induccion de estres no estuvo influenciada por el cambio de pareja. Una elevada concentracion de corticosterona en los individuos con nueva pareja podria reflejar el estres social asociado con la ruptura de la pareja o indicar una fuerte demanda energetica inducida por la falta de coordinacion entre los miembros de la nueva pareja. Nuestros resultados destacan la importancia de los niveles de concentracion de corticosterona para dilucidar las consecuencias del cambio de pareja en las demandas energetieas de la reproduccion en las aves que viven en libertad.

Published
2007

43. General Physiological Principles

Author

Bicudo, J. Eduardo P. W., primary, Buttemer, William A., additional, Chappell, Mark A., additional, Pearson, James T., additional, and Bech, Claus, additional

Published
2010
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47. Adaptations: Neural and Sensory

Author

Bicudo, J. Eduardo P. W., primary, Buttemer, William A., additional, Chappell, Mark A., additional, Pearson, James T., additional, and Bech, Claus, additional

Published
2010
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48. Approaches and Techniques

Author

Bicudo, J. Eduardo P. W., primary, Buttemer, William A., additional, Chappell, Mark A., additional, Pearson, James T., additional, and Bech, Claus, additional

Published
2010
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