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Background and Objectives: As a major public health concern worldwide, osteoporosis causes increased risks of bone fractures and decreases in bone mineral density. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effect of whey protein and milk basic protein on bone health parameters. Materials and Methods: In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials study was carried out. Online databases of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched up to 20 march 2023, using controlled terms (e.g., MESH) and text words for milk protein or whey and bone-health outcomes, including lumbar-bone mineral density, hip-bone mineral density, urinary N-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen, serum C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen, osteocalcin and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels. Results: Outcomes were pooled as standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in a Randomeffect meta-analysis model. Nine randomized clinical trials met the eligibility criteria and were selected for the final analysis. Analysis indicated significant decreases in N-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen [SMD, -0.89 nmol/mmol; CI, -1.69 to -0.10 %; p = 0.028] following supplementation with milk basic protein compared to the placebo group. Whey supplementation resulted in significant increases in insulin-like growth factor 1 [SMD, 3.55 nmol/l; 95% CI, 3.12 to 3.98%; P = 0.001; I² = 58.1%; p = 0.092]. However, no significant mean differences were seen in lumbar-bone mineral density, hip-bone mineral density, serum C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen and osteocalcin between the two groups. Conclusions: Whey or milk basic protein supplementation may decrease N-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen and increase insulin-like growth factor 1, particularly when adults are supplemented for 12 w or longer; however, findings on lumbar-bone mineral density, hip-bone mineral density, serum C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen and osteocalcin are inconclusive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is an increased interest in the potential health benefits of nutraceutical therapies, such as Anethum graveolens (dill). Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of Anethum graveolens supplementation on lipid profiles and glycemic indices in adults. A systematic search was performed for literature published through November 2020 via PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Embase to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of oral supplementation with A. graveolens on lipid profile and measures of glycemic control in adults. The random-effects model was applied to establish the weighted mean difference (WMD) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI). Seven RCTs with a total number of 330 subjects were included in the final analysis. Pooled results indicated that A. graveolens supplementation significantly decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) concentration (WMD: −15.64 mg/dL; 95% CI: −24.55 to −6.73; P = 0.001), serum insulin (WMD: −2.28 μU/ml; 95% CI: −3.62 to −0.93; P = 0.001), and HOMA-IR (WMD: −1.06; 95% CI: −1.91 to −0.20; P = 0.01). However, there was no significant effect on serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and fasting blood glucose (FBS). Subgroup analysis suggested that using A. graveolens in higher doses and long-term duration had beneficial effects on lipid profiles. Dose-response analysis also showed a significant reduction in FBS at doses of 1500 mg/d. The present meta-analysis indicated that Anethum graveolens could exert favorable effects on insulin resistance and serum LDL. Further research is necessary to confirm our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background:The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, caused by the pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, is exponentially spreading across the globe. Methods: The current systematic review was performed utilising the following electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE. We searched for the keywords "COVID-19 AND "pregnancy" between January 1, 2020 until December 31, 2020. Results: Out of 4005 records which were identified, 36 original studies were included in this systematic review. Pooled prevalence of vertical transmission was 10%, 95% CI: 4-17%. Pooled prevalence of neonatal mortality was 7%, 95% CI: 0-21%. Conclusion: The contemporary evidence suggests that the incubation period of COVID-19 is 2-14 days, and this infection could be transmitted even from the infected asymptomatic individuals. It is found that the clinical presentation of pregnant women with COVID-19 infection is comparable with the infected non-pregnant females, and the frequent symptoms were fever, cough, myalgia, sore throat and malaise. Some cases have severe maternal morbidity and perinatal deaths secondary to COVID-19 infection. Under these circumstances, pregnant women should focus on maintaining personal hygiene, proper nutrition and extreme social distancing to reduce the risk of COVID-19. Therefore, systematic data reporting for evidence based clinical assessment, management and pregnancy outcomes is essential for preventing of COVID-19 infection among pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]