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Based on the theatrical quality of the juego de la sortija (game of the ring) held in the Imperial Villa of Potosi in 1601, this paper studies this tournament as part of the festival in honor of Saint Mary of Guadalupe from Caceres. After addressing the relevance of discussing both this celebration and its colonial account, I explain the general characteristics of the festival as well as of the juego de la sortija. I also review the phenomenon of invencion as the combination of a notion championed by the knight participating in the tournament and the iconographic program that he develops to support such concept. Finally, out of the four invenciones represented at this early seventeenth-century juego de la sortija, I choose to analyze the fourth in order to determine how characters and entities of ancestral religious signifi cance were portrayed to further the cause of Christian conversion of Andean indigenous peoples.