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1. Achievement of Target Gain Larger than Unity in an Inertial Fusion Experiment

Author

Abu-Shawareb, H, Acree, R, Adams, P, Adams, J, Addis, B, Aden, R, Adrian, P, Afeyan, BB, Aggleton, M, Aghaian, L, Aguirre, A, Aikens, D, Akre, J, Albert, F, Albrecht, M, Albright, BJ, Albritton, J, Alcala, J, Alday, C, Alessi, DA, Alexander, N, Alfonso, J, Alfonso, N, Alger, E, Ali, SJ, Ali, ZA, Allen, A, Alley, WE, Amala, P, Amendt, PA, Amick, P, Ammula, S, Amorin, C, Ampleford, DJ, Anderson, RW, Anklam, T, Antipa, N, Appelbe, B, Aracne-Ruddle, C, Araya, E, Archuleta, TN, Arend, M, Arnold, P, Arnold, T, Arsenlis, A, Asay, J, Atherton, LJ, Atkinson, D, Atkinson, R, Auerbach, JM, Austin, B, Auyang, L, Awwal, AAS, Aybar, N, Ayers, J, Ayers, S, Ayers, T, Azevedo, S, Bachmann, B, Back, CA, Bae, J, Bailey, DS, Bailey, J, Baisden, T, Baker, KL, Baldis, H, Barber, D, Barberis, M, Barker, D, Barnes, A, Barnes, CW, Barrios, MA, Barty, C, Bass, I, Batha, SH, Baxamusa, SH, Bazan, G, Beagle, JK, Beale, R, Beck, BR, Beck, JB, Bedzyk, M, Beeler, RG, Behrendt, W, Belk, L, Bell, P, Belyaev, M, Benage, JF, Bennett, G, Benedetti, LR, Benedict, LX, Berger, RL, Bernat, T, Bernstein, LA, Berry, B, Bertolini, L, Besenbruch, G, Betcher, J, and Bettenhausen, R

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

On December 5, 2022, an indirect drive fusion implosion on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) achieved a target gain G_{target} of 1.5. This is the first laboratory demonstration of exceeding "scientific breakeven" (or G_{target}>1) where 2.05 MJ of 351 nm laser light produced 3.1 MJ of total fusion yield, a result which significantly exceeds the Lawson criterion for fusion ignition as reported in a previous NIF implosion [H. Abu-Shawareb et al. (Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This achievement is the culmination of more than five decades of research and gives proof that laboratory fusion, based on fundamental physics principles, is possible. This Letter reports on the target, laser, design, and experimental advancements that led to this result.

Published
2024

2. Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment

Author

Abu-Shawareb, H, Acree, R, Adams, P, Adams, J, Addis, B, Aden, R, Adrian, P, Afeyan, BB, Aggleton, M, Aghaian, L, Aguirre, A, Aikens, D, Akre, J, Albert, F, Albrecht, M, Albright, BJ, Albritton, J, Alcala, J, Alday, C, Alessi, DA, Alexander, N, Alfonso, J, Alfonso, N, Alger, E, Ali, SJ, Ali, ZA, Alley, WE, Amala, P, Amendt, PA, Amick, P, Ammula, S, Amorin, C, Ampleford, DJ, Anderson, RW, Anklam, T, Antipa, N, Appelbe, B, Aracne-Ruddle, C, Araya, E, Arend, M, Arnold, P, Arnold, T, Asay, J, Atherton, LJ, Atkinson, D, Atkinson, R, Auerbach, JM, Austin, B, Auyang, L, Awwal, AS, Ayers, J, Ayers, S, Ayers, T, Azevedo, S, Bachmann, B, Back, CA, Bae, J, Bailey, DS, Bailey, J, Baisden, T, Baker, KL, Baldis, H, Barber, D, Barberis, M, Barker, D, Barnes, A, Barnes, CW, Barrios, MA, Barty, C, Bass, I, Batha, SH, Baxamusa, SH, Bazan, G, Beagle, JK, Beale, R, Beck, BR, Beck, JB, Bedzyk, M, Beeler, RG, Behrendt, W, Belk, L, Bell, P, Belyaev, M, Benage, JF, Bennett, G, Benedetti, LR, Benedict, LX, Berger, R, Bernat, T, Bernstein, LA, Berry, B, Bertolini, L, Besenbruch, G, Betcher, J, Bettenhausen, R, Betti, R, Bezzerides, B, Bhandarkar, SD, and Bickel, R

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Engineering, Physical Sciences, Affordable and Clean Energy, Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration, Mathematical Sciences, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37 MJ of fusion for 1.92 MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion.

Published
2022

4. Cavity Enhanced Faraday Rotation of Semiconductor Quantum Dots

Author

Steuerman, D. W., Li, Y. Q., Berezovsky, J., Seferos, D S., Bazan, G C., and Awschalom, D. D.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

A dielectric vertical cavity is used to study the spin dynamics of molecularly self-assembled colloidal CdSe quantum dots (QDs). Using this structure, a nearly 30-fold enhancement of Faraday rotation is observed, which scales with the quality factor of the cavity. In this classical nonperturbative regime, the amplified rotation is attributed to optically excited spins interacting with multiple passes of the probe photons in the cavity. By applying this general planar cavity motif to Faraday rotation, dynamical measurements are accessible at extremely low powers on relatively small numbers of quantum confined spins. In CdSe QDs, low power measurements reveal that contributions from exciton and electron spin precession are largely dependent upon the power of excitation. We demonstrate that this scheme is amenable to both soft and hard systems as a means to increase detection sensitivity., Comment: 4 pages

Published
2005

5. Djehuty, a Code for Modeling Stars in Three Dimensions

Author

Bazan, G., Dearborn, D. S. P., Dossa, D. D., Eggleton, P. P., Taylor, A., Castor, J. I., Murray, S., Cook, K. H., Eltgroth, P. G., Cavallo, R. M., Turcotte, S., Keller, S. C., and Pudliner, B. S.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Current practice in stellar evolution is to employ one-dimensional calculations that quantitatively apply only to a minority of the observed stars (single non-rotating stars, or well detached binaries). Even in these systems, astrophysicists are dependent on approximations to handle complex three-dimensional processes like convection. Understanding the structure of binary stars, like those that lead to the Type Ia supernovae used to measure the expansion of the universe, are grossly non-spherical and await a 3D treatment. To approach very large problems like multi-dimensional modeling of stars, the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has invested in massively parallel computers and invested even more in developing the algorithms to utilize them on complex physics problems. We have leveraged skills from across the lab to develop a 3D stellar evolution code, Djehuty (after the Egyptian god for writing and calculation) that operates efficiently on platforms with thousands of nodes, with the best available physical data (opacities, EOS, etc.). Djehuty has incorporated all basic physics for modeling stars including an accurate equation of state, radiation transport by diffusion, thermonuclear reaction rates, and hydrodynamics, and we have begun testing it in a number of applications., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures. Proceedings of the 3D Stellar Evolution workshop held in Livermore, July 22-26 2002. ASP Conf. Series vol. 293

Published
2003

6. Djehuty: A Code for Modeling Whole Stars in Three Dimensions

Author

Turcotte, S., Bazan, G., Castor, J., Cavallo, R., Cohl, H., Cook, K., Dearborn, D. S. P., Dossa, D., Eastman, R., Eggleton, P. P., Eltgroth, P., Keller, S., Murray, S., and Taylor, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The DJEHUTY project is an intensive effort at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to produce a general purpose 3-D stellar structure and evolution code to study dynamic processes in whole stars., Comment: 2 pages, IAU coll. 185

Published
2001

8. New distributional data on Haemogregarina stepanowi (Apicomplexa) and Placobdella costata (Hirudinea) parasitising the Sicilian pond turtle Emys trinacris (Testudines)

Author

Scardino R., Arculeo M., Arizza V., Bazan G., Lo Valvo M., Marrone F., Vecchioni L., Scardino R., Arculeo M., Arizza V., Bazan G., Lo Valvo M., Marrone F., and Vecchioni L.

Subjects
blood parasites, Haemogregarinidae, conservation, Glossiphoniidae, Emydidae
Abstract

The host-parasite system "Emys trinacris - Placobdella costata - Haemogregarina stepanowi"is known for Sicily, but scarce information is available to date about the distribution of the two parasites P. costata and H. stepanowi on the island. Therefore, an extensive sampling effort through visual census and collection and analysis of blood smears of the endemic Sicilian pond turtle E. trinacris was carried out in 46 water bodies scattered throughout mainland Sicily. Our findings revealed that the distribution of both parasites is limited to the Nebrodi area, where the infection of H. stepanowi has shown a high incidence on the local turtle populations. Our data suggest no correlation between the current distribution of the two parasite species and environmental features. The current distribution of H. stepanowi and P. costata seems not to be relictual, but rather the outcome of a recent colonisation process. Considering the possible negative impact of both H. stepanowi and P. costata on their turtle host, their long-term effect on E. trinacris should be investigated.

Published
2022

11. Historical Landscape Ecology of the Favorita Park in Palermo (Sicily)

Author

Bazan G., Castrorao Barba A., Gianguzzi L., Leone M., Schicchi R., and Bazan G., Castrorao Barba A., Gianguzzi L., Leone M., Schicchi R.

Subjects
Historical green, Mediterranean maquis, traditional agroecosystems, Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata
Abstract

Historical Landscape Ecology of the Favorita Park in Palermo

Published
2021

16. Películas fluorescentes azules basadas en derivados de poli-2,7-fluorenofenilideno

Author

Mallavia, R., Martínez-Pérez, D., Chmelka, B. F., and Bazan, G. C.

Subjects
Conjugated polymer, water soluble, Pd (II), mesoporous silica, Polímeros conjugados, solubles en agua, Pd(II), sílice mesoporosa, Clay industries. Ceramics. Glass, TP785-869
Abstract

Quaternization of poly-(9,9-bis(6’-bromohexyl)fluorenephenylene by treatment with trimethylamine gas was used to obtain a water soluble ammonium salt copolymer. The neutral copolymer containing fluorene/phenylene alternating repeating units was obtained by a palladiumcatalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction. This strategy could be applied to prepare water soluble conjugated polymers with the ability to change the charge functionality. The polymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The neutral polymer was stable to over 300ºC, while the cationic polymer begins to degrade at 120ºC with a progressive loss of mass at 290ºC. The optical properties of the polymers were investigated in solution and solid phases by UV/VIS and fluorescent spectroscopy. Mesoporous silica thin films were prepared as a host matrix for the fluorescent copolymers.La cuaternización del poli-(9,9-bis(6’-bromohexilo)fluorenofenileno) por tratamiento de trimetilamina gaseosa se emplea para obtener una sal de amonio del copolímero precursor soluble en agua. El copolímero neutro contiene unidades alternantes repetitivas de fluoreno/ fenilideno obtenidas mediante una acoplamiento de Suzuki con Pd (II). Los polímeros se caracterizaron por cromatografía de permeación (GPC), espectroscopia RMN de 1H y 13C , espectroscopia IR transformada de Fourier y análisis termogravimétrico (ATG). El polímero neutro mantiene la estabilidad hasta los 300ºC, mientras el derivado catiónico comienza a descomponer a 120ºC, con una progresiva perdida de masa hasta los 290ºC. Las propiedades ópticas de los polímeros se estudiaron en disolución y en películas mediante espectroscopias UV/VIS y de fluorescencia. Las películas delgadas de sílice mesoporosa se prepararon como materiales receptores de los copolímeros fluorescentes.

Published
2004

18. The Olea europaea L. var. sylvestris (Mill.) Lehr. forests in the Mediterranean area

Author

Gianguzzi, Lorenzo, Bazan, G., Gianguzzi, Lorenzo, and Bazan, G.

Subjects
Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata, Biogeography, Mediterranean vegetation, phytosociology, synchorology, syntaxonomy
Abstract

This paper examines the forest communities dominated by Olea europaea L. var. sylvestris (Mill.) Lehr. that have been described up until now in the Mediterranean Region (including other isolated extrazonal areas in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula and in Northern Turkey) as more or less evolved aspects of woods, microwoods and high maquis that principally tend to make up climacic and edapho-climacic “series heads”. These forma- tions maintain a significant large-scale distributive potential within the infra- and thermomediterranean bioclimate belts (with a few penetrations into the mesomediterranean) with a dry-subhumid (and sometimes humid) ombrotype; however, they are currently quite rare and fragmented in the wake of large-scale deforestation and the impoverishment of old-growth communities dominated by a species known to live for millennia. The study was conducted through the analysis of phytosociological data taken from the scientific literature and other unpublished data regarding North-Africa (Morocco, Algeria), the Iberian Peninsula, the Balearic Islands as well as other islands from the Tyrrhenian area (Sardinia, Corsica, Sicily and its minor islands), the Italian Peninsula, the Balkan Peninsula, the Aegean region, Turkey and the southern Anatolian coast. A comparison between the different communities has shown a high floristic and physiognomic-structural homogeneity that justifies their categorization in the Quercetea ilicis class. The biogeographic and ecologic vicariance shown by the same formations within the large Mediterranean distribution range makes it pos- sible to subdivide them into the following orders and alliances: 1) Pistacio-Rhamnetalia alaterni [A) all. Tetraclini articulatae-Pistacion atlanticae (suball. Pistacienion atlanticae); B) all. Asparago albi-Rhamnion oleoidis; C) all. Oleo sylvestris-Ceratonion siliquae]; 2) Quercetalia calliprini [D) all. Ceratonio-Pistacion lentisci]; 3) Quercetalia ilicis [E) all. Querco rotundifoliae-Oleion sylvestris; F) all. Fraxino orni-Quercion ilicis; G) all. Erico arboreae-Quercion ilicis; H) all. Arbuto unedonis-Laurion nobilis (suball. Arbuto-Laurenion nobilis)]. Regarding the syntaxonomical aspect: (i) two new associations are described [Hippocrepido emeroidis-Oleetum sylvestris and Junipero foetidissimae-Oleetum sylvestris]; (ii) two new associations [Phillyreo latifoliae-Oleetum sylvestris Barbero, Quézel & Rivas-Martínez ex Gianguzzi & Bazan ass. nova and Calicotomo intermediae-Oleetum sylvestris Quézel, Barbero, Benabid, Loisel & Rivas-Martínez 1988 ex Gianguzzi & Bazan ass. nova] and a new subassocia- tion [Aro neglecti-Oleetum sylvestris Rivas-Martínez & Cantò 2002 corr. Rivas-Martínez & Cantò fraxinetosum angustifoliae Pérez Latorre, Galán de Mera, Deil & Cabezudo ex Gianguzzi & Bazan subass. nova] are leptotypified; (iii) a nomen novum of the association is redefined [Rhamno laderoi-Oleastretum sylvestris (Cantò, Ladero, Perez-Chiscano & Rivas-Martínez 2011) Gianguzzi & Bazan nom. nov.].

Published
2019

21. Materials science under extreme conditions of pressure and strain rate

Author

Remington, B. A., Bazan, G., Belak, J., Bringa, E., Colvin, J. D., Edwards, M. J., Glendinning, S. G., Kalantar, D. H., Kumar, M., Lasinski, B. F., Lorenz, K. T., McNaney, J. M., Pollaine, S. M., Rowley, D., Stölken, J. S., Weber, S. V., Wolfer, W. G., Caturla, M., Ivanov, D. S., Zhigilei, L. V., Kad, B., Meyers, M. A., Schneider, M., Meyerhofer, D. D., Yaakobi, B., and Wark, J. S.

Published
2004
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24. The ‘recent’ forests of Mount Venda (Padua, Italy): when historical cartography and archaeobotany tell quite a different story

Author

Paradis-Grenouillet, S, Bazan, G, Paradis-Grenouillet, S, Aspe, C, Burri, S, and Bazan, G

Subjects
Anthracology, Vegetation history, Vegetation mapping, Archaeology, Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata
Abstract

Forests, like agricultural systems and housing, are an integral part of the human landscapes. They evolve over time, not only in response to environmental factors (e.g. climate change) but also in response to developments in human society. This work on the analysis of forest dynamics in Euganean hills is the result of research carried out as part of the research programmes THISTLE (MSCA Fellowship, grant agreement: 656397) and MEMOLA (EU FP7 Project , grant agreement: 613265). The work is focused on two mountains in particular: Monte Venda and Monte della Madonna. The archaeobotanical investigations reveal the presence of ancient forests (since the 14th century) in these areas , although the entire local community and the forest managers consider these forests to be more recent and the result of spontaneous reforestation linked to the agricultural decline during the latest rural exodus.

Published
2018

25. Archeologia nel territorio dei Monti Sicani (Harvesting Memories project). L’insediamento di lunga durata di Contrada Castro (Corleone, Palermo). Prima campagna di scavo 2017

Author

Castrorao Barba, A, Miccichè, R, Pisciotta, F, Marino, P, Bazan, G, Castrorao Barba, A, Miccichè, R, Pisciotta, F, Marino, P, and Bazan, G

Subjects
Archeology, Harvesting Memories project, Sicilia
Abstract

The “Harvesting Memories” project aims to address diachronic change in landscape and settlement patterns during the long-term in the area of Sicani Mountains in Central-West Sicily (Italy). This area is a sort of palimpsest of Mediterranean inland areas characterized by a long-term occupation of low-lying lands suitable for agriculture and hills for pastoral activi-ties. The settlement dynamics of this inner area are well documented in the archaeological sequence of the hilltop site of Contrada Castro. Recent excavation (spring 2017) showed dry-stone structures related to the Islamic and Norman period (9th-12th c. AD), a Byzantine infant burial (7th-8th c. AD) and evidence (layer of morphology regularization and pottery) con-nected to an archaic indigenous settlement (6th-5th c. BC). The investigation of this new rural site provided relevant insights of longue durée patterns in hilltop settlements of Sicily between Antiquity and Middle Ages.

Published
2018

26. The Harvesting Memories Project: Landscape Archaeology in the Castro/Giardinello Valley and Mt. Barraù (Corleone, Palermo)

Author

Castrorao Barba, A, Rotolo, A, Marino, P, Vassallo, S, Bazan, G, Rosa Maria Carra Bonacasa - Emma Vitale, Castrorao Barba, A, Rotolo, A, Marino, P, Vassallo, S, and Bazan, G

Subjects
Survey, long-term, Landscape Archaeology, Central-Western Sicily, Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata, Settore L-ANT/08 - Archeologia Cristiana E Medievale
Abstract

Il progetto Harvesting Memories è finalizzato allo studio delle interazioni tra dinamiche umane e fattori ecologici che nella lunga durata hanno contribuito alla formazione dei paesaggi rurali. L’area di studio è localizzata tra Corleone e Campofiorito (Palermo) nei pressi delle contrade Castro e Giardinello e lungo le pendici occidentali di Monte Barrù. Questo distretto dell’Alto Belice Corleonese ha rappresentato un asse di collegamento tra la costa meridionale della Sicilia e quella settentrionale fin all’epoca repubblicana con continuità anche nel Medioevo in cui è citato per la prima volta il toponimo Barraù/Barracù, dal nome arabo ra’s e ǧabal bū ‘r-raḫū, nella Jarida di Monreale del 1182. Le indagini archeologiche di superficie hanno confermato la lunga occupazione di questo territorio caratterizzato da siti datati tra eneolitico ed età del bronzo, una fattoria di età classica e una forte colonizzazione degli spazi rurali in epoca medievale (X-XII sec. d. C.) quando si configura la frequentazione presumibilmente coeva di una zona di fondovalle e di un pianoro sopraelevato (Contrada Casto) sotto le falde scoscese di Pizzo Castro/Rocche di Mezzogiorno. Allo stato attuale degli studi, questo tipo di unità rurali di epoca islamica e normanna non sono ben conosciute nella loro fisionomia materiale nella Sicilia occidentale, la loro comparsa in un’area poco o per nulla sfruttata nei secoli precedenti potrebbe indicare nelle nuove strategie di popolamento magari legate all’affermarsi di nuove pratiche agricole connesse ad un maggiore e sistematico sfruttamento delle numerose sorgenti d’acqua presenti a poca distanza dai siti. Il rinvenimento di anfore, ceramiche invetriate da mensa e vetri rappresenta un ulteriore elemento per caratterizzare la natura di questi siti come luoghi di produzione agricola inseriti comunque in reti commerciali tramite le quali avere accesso a merci provenienti dai centri maggiori limitrofi o le città costiere. Nella prospettiva di un approccio diacronico sono state mappate anche i resti di strutture murarie connesse ai recinti (mannare) e rifugi temporanei (pagghiari) relativi alle attività di pastorizia di epoca pre-industriale. La raccolta sul campo dei dati sul popolamento umano rappresenta la base per costruire una narrazione olistica delle dinamiche del paesaggio che includa il dialogo tra diverse fonti materiali e storiche e le caratteristiche ecosistemiche del territorio inteso come la risultante reciproca tra fattori ambientali e attività antropiche. The “Harvesting Memories” project focuses on the study of long-term landscape transformations as a diachronic result of the interaction between human socio-economic patterns and environmental and ecological trends in a rural area in central-western Sicily. It uses an interdisciplinary approach, integrating different sources to reconstruct ecological, settlement and land use history of a specific rural geographic area. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the archaeological survey carried out in the Castro/Giardinello Valley and the Mt. Barraù area (Corleone, Palermo). The fieldwork confirmed the long occupation of this area, characterized by archaeological evidence dating to the Middle Copper Age/Aeneolithic, Bronze Age, Classical period, the Middle Ages and the Late Modern age. The detection of high intensity human presence in this area over time is a fruitful starting point for future investigations aimed at correlating historical land use, ecological factors and settlement patterns.

Published
2018

28. Un nuovo insediamento rurale nel territorio dei Monti Sicani tra epoca bizantina e normanna: dati preliminari sul sito di lunga durata di Contrada Castro (Corleone, PA)

Author

Castrorao Barba, A, Miccichè, R, Pisciotta, F, Marino, P, Bazan, G, Aleo Nero, C, Vassallo, S, Sogliani, F, Gargiulo, F, Annunziata, E, Vitale, V, Castrorao Barba, A, Miccichè, R, Pisciotta, F, Marino, P, Bazan, G, Aleo Nero, C, and Vassallo, S

Subjects
Archeologia del paesaggio, Insediamenti rurali, Paesaggi rurali
Abstract

Negli ultimi anni (2015-2017) sono state avviate delle ricerche archeologiche sulle dinamiche diacroniche dei paesaggi di una porzione di territorio localizzata a sud del comune di Corleone corrispondente alle contrade Castro e Giardinello delimitate a nord dal massiccio promontorio di Pizzo Castro o Rocche di Mezzogiorno e ad est dalle pendici del Monte Barraù. Il progetto Harvesting Memories ha previsto diverse fasi di studio relative alle traiettorie ecologiche e alle trasformazioni del paesaggio (Università di Palermo) e indagini archeologiche (Soprintendenza BB. CC. AA. di Palermo). In questo contributo si presentano i risultati preliminari di una prima campagna di scavo (marzo-maggio 2017) in Contrada Castro (Corleone, Palermo), uno dei siti identificati dalle indagini di superficie

Published
2018

29. Il Reporting ex-Art. 17 degli Habitat di All. I alla Direttiva 92/43/CEE in Italia: metodi, criticità, stato dell'arte e prospettive future

Author

Gigante, D., Selvaggi, A., Acosta, A. T. R., Adorni, M., Allegrezza, M., Angiolini, C., Armiraglio, S., Assini, S., Attorre, F., Bagella, S., Barcella, M., Bazan, G., Bertacchi, A., Bolpagni, R., Bonari, G., Buffa, G., Caccianiga, M., Cacciatori, C., Caria, M. C., Casavecchia, S., Casella, L., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Ciaschetti, G., Ciccarelli, D., Cogoni, A., Cutini, M., De Sanctis, M., De Simone, W., Del Vecchio, S., Di Cecco, V., Di Martino, L., Di Musciano, M., Fantinato, E., Filesi, L., Foggi, B., Forte, L., Frattaroli, A. R., Galdenzi, D., Gangale, C., Gianguzzi, L., Giusso Del Galdo, G., Grignetti, A., Guarino, R., Lasen, C., Maneli, F., Marcenò, C., Mariotti, M. G., Oriolo, G., Paura, B., Perrino, E., Pesaresi, S., Pezzi, G., Pisanu, S., Poponessi, S., Prisco, I., Puglisi, M., Rivieccio, G., Sciandrello, S., Spampinato, G., Stinca, A., Strumia, S., Taffetani, F., Tesei, G., Tomaselli, V., Venanzoni, R., Viciani, D., Villani, M., Wagensommer, R., Zanatta, K., and Angelini, P.

Subjects
Habitat, conservation, Europeand Directive
Published
2019

30. An overview of the Italian forest biodiversity and its conservation level, based on the first outcomes of the 4th Habitat Report ex-Art. 17. Communication IX

Author

Gigante, D., Selvaggi, A., Acosta, A. T. R., Adorni, M., Allegrezza, M., Angiolini, C., Armiraglio, S., Assini, S., Attorre, F., Bagella, S., Barcella, M., Bazan, G., Bertacchi, A., Bolpagni, R., Bonari, G., Buffa, G., Caccianiga, M., Cacciatori, C., Caria, M. C., Casavecchia, S., Casella, L., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Ciaschetti, G., Ciccarelli, D., Cogoni, A., Cutini, M., De Sanctis, M., De Simone, W., Del Vecchio, S., Di Cecco, V., Di Martino, L., Di Musciano, M., Fantinato, E., Filesi, L., Foggi, B., Forte, L., Frattaroli, A. R., Galdenzi, D., Gangale, C., Gianguzzi, L., Giusso Del Galdo, G., Grignetti, A., Guarino, R., Lasen, C., Maneli, F., Marcenò, C., Mariotti, M. G., Oriolo, G., Paura, B., Perrino, E., Pesaresi, S., Pezzi, G., Pisanu, S., Poponessi, S., Prisco, I., Puglisi, M., Rivieccio, G., Sciandrello, S., Spampinato, G., Stinca, A., Strumia, S., Taffetani, F., Tesei, G., Tomaselli, V., Venanzoni, R., Viciani, D., Villani, M., Wagensommer, R., Zanatta, K., and Angelini, P.

Subjects
Habitat, forests, conservation, monitoring, 92/43/EEC
Published
2019

32. BioCultural Landscapes per la rigenerazione innovativa dei territori di montagna

Author

Bazan, G., Baiamonte, G., Cancellieri, A., Schicchi, R., Bazan, G, Baiamonte, G, Cancellieri, A, and Schicchi, R

Subjects
Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata, ecology, rural areas, identity, Biodiversity, irrigation systems, mountainous landscapes, traditional agricultural landscapes
Abstract

Simplification of agricultural systems, farmland abandonment, uncontrolled urbanization, together with global scale drivers, determine fast and unpredictable phenomena of hydrogeological instability, biodiversity decline and identity loss. Men should hence promote socio-economic resilience and place identity, using biocultural landscapes as a resource. These landscapes are the outcome of the historical relationship between man and nature, resulting from complex interactions between biodiversity (at all levels, including species richness, ecosystem and biotope diversity) and cultural diversity, including material and immaterial aspects (architectural heritage, traditions, customs, local traditional agricultural practices, dialectal culture). Traditional water use is one of the main defining factors of traditional agricultural landscapes, characterized by significantly multiplied and enhanced functions and by the highest degree of biocultural diversity. The integrity of traditional agricultural landscapes is an indicator of environmental sustainability, socio-economic growth and habitat resilience. Land management and planning should promote the multi-functionality of biocultural landscapes through new interdisciplinary frameworks and innovative strategies, aimed at landscape conservation, enhancement and creative management.

Published
2017

33. Plant communities and landscape diversity in NW Sicily: The MEMOLA EU FP7 Project case study

Author

Bazan, G., Baiamonte, G., Gianguzzi, L., LO PAPA, G., Bonet García, T., Corselli, R., Schicchi, R., Martín Civantos, J., Bazan, G., Baiamonte, G., Gianguzzi, L., LO PAPA, G., Bonet García, T., Corselli, R., Schicchi, R., and Martín Civantos, J.

Subjects
Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata, Landscape ecology, Landscape archaeology, Traditional agricultural systems, Vegetation series
Abstract

The MEMOLA EU FP7 Project case study” was presented at IV International Plant Science Conference (IPSC) held in Parma (Italy) on September 20-22, 2017. The poster focuses on the contribution of botany in the interdisciplinary debate of Memola Project and underline the role plant communities play in understanding the formative processes of the Mediterranean Landscapes.

Published
2017

35. Long-term human occupation of a rural landscape in central-western Sicily (Castro/Giardinello valley and mt Barraù): Harvesting memoires project case study

Author

Castrorao Barba, A, Rotolo, A, Bazan, G, Marino, P, Vassallo, S., Castrorao Barba, A., Rotolo, A., Bazan, G., Marino, P., and Vassallo, S.

Subjects
Survey, Landscape archaeology, Rural settlements, Sicily
Abstract

The “Harvesting Memories” project focuses on the study of long-term landscape transformations as a diachronic result of the interaction between socio-economic human patterns and environmental and ecological trends in a rural area of Central-Western Sicily. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the archaeological survey carried out in Castro/Giardinello Valley and the Mt. Barraù area (Corleone, Palermo). The fieldwork confirmed the long occupation of this area characterized by archaeological evidences dating to the Middle Copper Age/Eneolithic, Bronze Age, Classical period, Middle Ages and Late Modern age. The detection of the high intensity of human presence in this area across the time represents a fruitful point of start for future investigations aimed to correlate historical land use, ecological factors and settlement patterns.

Published
2017

37. DIVERSITÀ BIOCULTURALE DI ALCUNI PAESAGGI MEDITERRANEI DI MONTAGNA

Author

Bazan, G, Baiamonte, G, Cancellieri, A, Schicchi, R, Martin Civantos, JM, Bazan, G, Baiamonte, G, Cancellieri, A, Schicchi, R, and Martin Civantos, JM

Subjects
Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata, Biodiversity, irrigation systems, mountainous landscapes, traditional agricultural landscapes
Abstract

The work presents a biocultural diversity interpretation of traditional Mediterranean agricultural landscapes. These landscapes are the result of complex interactions between biodiversity (at all levels, including species richness, ecosystem and biotope diversity) and cultural diversity, including material and immaterial aspects (architectural heritage, traditions, customs, local traditional agricultural practices, dialectal culture, etc.). The main theme is the traditional use of water related to traditional hydraulic systems, which in some areas date back to medieval times. Traditional agricultural landscapes grant a variety of ecosystem services and play a key role in biodiversity conservation. They support the persistence of a rich heritage of cultivated plant varieties and, at the same time, determine an ecosystem infrastructure that preserves wild animal and plant biodiversity.

Published
2016

38. Harvesting memories project: ricognizioni archeologiche nelle contrade Castro e Giardinello e nell’area di Monte Barraù (Corleone, Palermo)

Author

CASTRORAO BARBA, A, ROTOLO, A, MARINO, P, VASSALLO, S, BAZAN, G., CASTRORAO BARBA, A., Rotolo, A., Marino, P., Vassallo, S., and Bazan, G.

Subjects
Landscape Archaeology, Landscape Ecology, Sicily
Abstract

The “Harvesting Memories” project (funded by Bona Furtuna LLC) is focused on the long-term Transformation of the cultural landscape in the central part of the Alto Belice Corleonese (Central-Western Sicily). In particular, we surveyed the area of Contrada Giardinello, Castro Valley and the western slopes of Monte Barraù (Corleone, Palermo). The fieldwork led to the identification of 12 sites featuring pottery concentrations spanning from Protohistory (Middle Copper Age/Aeneolithic and Bronze Age), Classic period, Middle Ages/Arab-Norman period to the Late Modern period and 4 areas with dry-stone structures related to the Late Modern Age pastoral activities. This report represents the first step of a research aimed at using a holistic approach to explain the diachronic dynamics of the human occupation and the landscape ecology.

Published
2016

39. Chemical imaging of single 4,7,12,15-tetrakis[2.2]paracyclophane by spatially resolved vibrational spectroscopy.

Author

Liu, N., Silien, C., Ho, W., Maddox, J. B., Mukamel, S., Liu, B., and Bazan, G. C.

Subjects
VIBRATIONAL spectra, SCANNING tunneling microscopy, MOLECULAR spectroscopy, CONDUCTIVITY of electrolytes, PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
Abstract

Single 4,7,12,15-tetrakis[2.2]paracyclophane were deposited on NiAl(110) surface at 11 K. Two adsorbed species with large and small conductivities were detected by the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). Their vibrational properties were investigated by inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) with the STM. Five vibrational modes were observed for the species with the larger conductivity. The spatially resolved vibrational images for the modes show striking differences, depending on the coupling of the vibrations localized on different functional groups within the molecule to the electronic states of the molecule. The vibrational modes are assigned on the basis of ab initio calculations. No IETS signal is resolved from the species with the small conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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40. Tradizioni etnofarmacobotaniche in alcune comunità rurali dei Monti di Trapani (Sicilia occidentale)

Author

Aleo, M, Cambria, S, Bazan, G, Aleo, M, Cambria, S, and Bazan, G

Subjects
Ethnobotanical studies, popular plants uses, medicinal plants, wild food plants, ecosystem services, Sicily, Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata
Abstract

Ethnopharmacobotanical traditions in some rural communities of Trapani Mountains (West-Sicily). – The results refer an ethnopharmacobotanical study carried out in the territories of Valderice, Busto Palizzolo, Custonaci and San Vito Lo Capo, in the Trapani Mountains. There are 155 plants used in etno-medicine. The etnofarmacobotanical use of spontaneous and cultivated taxa represents an ecosystem services provided by biodiversity in the traditional agricultural systems of this area.

Published
2014

41. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY OF SOFT-BOTTOM IN HAIFA BAY (ISRAEL): AMPHIPOD ASSEMBLAGES

Author

Lo Brutto, S., Iaciofano, D., Schimmenti, E., Lubinevsky, H., Galil, B., Bazan, G., S. Lo Brutto, D. Iaciofano, E. Schimmenti, H. Lubinevsky, B.S. Galil, and G. Bazan

Subjects
Eastern Mediterranean Sea, Geographic Information System (GIS), Settore BIO/05 - Zoologia
Abstract

Ecological information concerning amphipods and representation of their spatial distribution through GIS provides an estimate of local environmental quality.

Published
2016

42. New molecular data attest to the absence of cospeciation patterns between Placobdella costata(Fr. Müller, 1846) (Hirudinea) and freshwater turtles (Emysspp.) in Italy

Author

Vecchioni, L., Marrone, F., Liuzzo, M., Seglie, D., Cavalcante, R., Bazan, G., Arizza, V., and Arculeo, M.

Abstract

AbstractThe only Palearctic representative of the leech genus PlacobdellaBlanchard, 1893 is P. costata, an ectoparasite of freshwater turtles. To date, no conclusive evidence about the possible presence of coevolutionary patterns between this leech and its turtle hosts is available due to the paucity of DNA sequence data available for P. costata; moreover, comparative host data is also mostly lacking, making any inferences more difficult. The discovery of new populations of the species in northern Italy and Sicily allowed us to generate novel mitochondrial DNA sequences and to compare the topology of the resulting phylogenetic trees with the phylogeny of the turtle hosts occurring in the study area, i.e., Emys orbicularisand E. trinacris. The branching pattern of the phylogenetic tree for P. costatais not congruent with that of its turtle hosts, thus suggesting the lack of coevolutionary or cospeciation phenomena between these taxa. The lack of a coevolutionary pattern might be ascribed to the different dispersal ability of Placobdella costataand Emysspp. and to the host generality of the leech, as confirmed by the occurrence of P. costataon aquatic turtles belonging to the genus Mauremysin areas where Emysspp. are rare or absent.A single leech cytochrome coxidase subunit 1 haplotype was found in each study region, and the overall nucleotide diversity was very low throughout the investigated distribution. This apparent lack of a clear phylogeographical pattern was unexpected in the P. costatapopulations occurring in the circum-Mediterranean areas, where the occurrence of high haplotype and nucleotide diversity is customary for most terrestrial and freshwater species. Based on the available data, we suggest a recent, post-glacial origin of the studied P. costatapopulations.

Published
2021
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