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1. Changes to insulin sensitivity in glucose clearance systems and redox following dietary supplementation with a novel cysteine-rich protein: A pilot randomized controlled trial in humans with type-2 diabetes

Author

Peeters, W.M., Gram, M., Dias, G.J., Vissers, M.C.M., Hampton, M.B., Dickerhof, N., Bekhit, A.E., Black, M.J., Oxbøll, J., Bayer, S., Dickens, M., Vitzel, K., Sheard, P.W., Danielson, K.M., Hodges, L.D., Brønd, J.C., Bond, J., Perry, B.G., Stoner, L., Cornwall, J., and Rowlands, D.S.

Published
2023
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4. Practical zero-knowledge protocols based on the discrete logarithm assumption

Author

Bayer, S. G. M., Groth, J., and Desmedt, Y. G.

Subjects
004
Abstract

Zero-knowledge proofs were introduced by Goldwasser, Micali, and Rackoff. A zero-knowledge proof allows a prover to demonstrate knowledge of some information, for example that they know an element which is a member of a list or which is not a member of a list, without disclosing any further information about that element. Existing constructions of zero-knowledge proofs which can be applied to all languages in NP are impractical due to their communication and computational complexity. However, it has been known since Guillou and Quisquater's identification protocol from 1988 and Schnorr's identification protocol from 1991 that practical zero-knowledge protocols for specific problems exist. Because of this, a lot of work was undertaken over the recent decades to find practical zero-knowledge proofs for various other specific problems, and in recent years many protocols were published which have improved communication and computational complexity. Nevertheless, to find more problems which have an efficient and practical zero-knowledge proof system and which can be used as building blocks for other protocols is an ongoing challenge of modern cryptography. This work addresses the challenge, and constructs zero-knowledge arguments with sublinear communication complexity, and achievable computational demands. The security of our protocols is only based on the discrete logarithm assumption. Polynomial evaluation arguments are proposed for univariate polynomials, for multivariate polynomials, and for a batch of univariate polynomials. Furthermore, the polynomial evaluation argument is applied to construct practical membership and non-membership arguments. Finally, an efficient method for proving the correctness of a shuffle is proposed. The proposed protocols have been tested against current state of the art versions in order to verify their practicality in terms of run-time and communication cost. We observe that the performance of our protocols is fast enough to be practical for medium range parameters. Furthermore, all our verifiers have a better asymptotic behavior than earlier verifiers independent of the parameter range, and in real life settings our provers perform better than provers of existing protocols. The analysis of the results shows that the communication cost of our protocols is very small; therefore, our new protocols compare very favorably to the current state of the art.

Published
2014

7. Economic living standard and abdominal pain mediate the association between functional gastrointestinal disorders and depression or anxiety

Author

Simon M. H., Heenan P. E., Frampton C., Bayer S., Keenan J. I., Boer de N. K., Roy N. C., Talley N. J., and Gearry R. B.

Subjects
Male, Diarrhea, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Physiology, Depression, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Gastroenterology, Anxiety, Abdominal Pain, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Socioeconomic Factors, Case-Control Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Female, Constipation
Abstract

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common and cause significant morbidity. Psychiatric comorbidities associated with FGIDs include anxiety and depression. However, little is understood about the factors that modulate this association. The aim of this study was to examine the association between FGIDs and depression and anxiety, and to determine the covariates influencing this association in a New Zealand cohort.The Christchurch IBS cOhort to investigate Mechanisms FOr gut Relief and improved Transit (COMFORT) study is an observational case-control study that recruited FGID cases and healthy controls between 2016 and 2018. In addition to the collection of a wide range of biological samples, participants completed questionnaires concerning socioeconomic status, physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, anxiety, and depression (the latter two measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score [HADS]). A multivariate analysis was performed using the significant covariates from the univariate analyses to test whether their effect was independently significant on anxiety and depression.A total of 315 participants (57 with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D), 30 with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C), 41 with mixed-IBS (IBS-M), 16 with functional diarrhea (FD), 42 with functional constipation (FC), and 129 controls); mean age 53 years (range 18-70 years), 221 (70%) female) completed the questionnaires. Anxiety (odds ratio [OR] 2.85 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.64-4.94, p 0.01) and depression (OR 3.40 [95% CI 1.35-8.55, p = 0.01]) were strongly associated with FGID cases versus controls. Lower economic living status (p 0.01) was an independent covariate associated with depression, while lower economic living status (p 0.005) and abdominal pain (p = 0.005) were both independently associated with anxiety.In addition to the established associations between FGIDs and anxiety and depression, we have shown that the economic standard of living, pain, and IBS phenotype are significant independent covariates. This study demonstrates the range of lifestyle and demographic factors that modulate morbidity associated with FGIDs and may provide targets for intervention.

Published
2022

10. An analytical framework for group simulation model building

Author

Bolt, T, Bayer, S, Kapsali, M, Brailsford, S, Bolt, T, Bayer, S, Kapsali, M, and Brailsford, S

Abstract

© 2020, © Operational Research Society 2020. This paper presents a framework for understanding and improving the process of simulation model building involving a group of domain experts, classifying the different roles the model may play at various stages of its development. The framework consists of four different “object roles”, defined along two dimensions: a functional dimension (boundary object vs. representational object) and a knowledge dimension (epistemic object vs. technical object). A model can take different roles during the development process, e.g. for facilitating communication, for gaining insight into the real-world system, or for experimentation and policy evaluation. The use of the framework is illustrated by two case studies in healthcare. Its relevance and applicability are examined through a survey on model use. The survey was conducted among a group of modelling consultants with experience of using both discrete-event simulation and system dynamics within the NHS, and indicated the potential usefulness of the framework.

Published
2021

13. Mediolateral damping of an overhead body weight support system assists stability during treadmill walking

Author

Bannwart, M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0913-4158, Bayer, S L, König Ignasiak, N, Bolliger, M, Rauter, G, Easthope, C A, Bannwart, M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0913-4158, Bayer, S L, König Ignasiak, N, Bolliger, M, Rauter, G, and Easthope, C A

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Body weight support systems with three or more degrees of freedom (3-DoF) are permissive and safe environments that provide unloading and allow unrestricted movement in any direction. This enables training of walking and balance control at an early stage in rehabilitation. Transparent systems generate a support force vector that is near vertical at all positions in the workspace to only minimally interfere with natural movement patterns. Patients with impaired balance, however, may benefit from additional mediolateral support that can be adjusted according to their capacity. An elegant solution for providing balance support might be by rendering viscous damping along the mediolateral axis via the software controller. Before use with patients, we evaluated if control-rendered mediolateral damping evokes the desired stability enhancement in able-bodied individuals. METHODS: A transparent, cable-driven robotic body weight support system (FLOAT) was used to provide transparent body weight support with and without mediolateral damping to 21 able-bodied volunteers while walking at preferred gait velocity on a treadmill. Stability metrics reflecting resistance to small and large perturbations were derived from walking kinematics and compared between conditions and to free walking. RESULTS: Compared to free walking, the application of body weight support per-se resulted in gait alterations typically associated with body weight support, namely increased step length and swing phase. Frontal plane dynamic stability, measured by kinematic variability and nonlinear dynamics of the center of mass, was increased under body weight support, indicating reduced balance requirements in both damped and undamped support conditions. Adding damping to the body weight support resulted in a greater increase of frontal plane stability. CONCLUSION: Adding mediolateral damping to 3-DoF body weight support systems is an effective method of increasing frontal plane stability during wa

Published
2020

14. Projection of Eye Disease Burden in Singapore

Author

Ansah, J. P., Koh, V., Korne, D. F., Bayer, S., Pan, C., Thiyagarajan, J., David Matchar, Lamoureux, E., Quek, D., and Health Services Management & Organisation (HSMO)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Singapore, Health Care Rationing, Eye Diseases, Age Factors, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Health Planning, Cost of Illness, Risk Factors, Chronic Disease, Ethnicity, Prevalence, Humans, Female, Needs Assessment, Aged
Abstract

Introduction: Singapore’s ageing population is likely to see an increase in chronic eye conditions in the future. This study aimed to estimate the burden of eye diseases among resident Singaporeans stratified for age and ethnicity by 2040. Materials and Methods: Prevalence data on myopia, epiretinal membrane (ERM), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), age macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), cataract, glaucoma and refractive error (RE) by age cohorts and educational attainment from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases (SEED) study were applied to population estimates from the Singapore population model. Results: All eye conditions are projected to increase by 2040. Myopia and RE will remain the most prevalent condition, at 2.393 million (2.32 to 2.41 million) cases, representing a 58% increase from 2015. It is followed by cataract and ERM, with 1.33 million (1.31 to 1.35 million), representing an 81% increase, and 0.54 million (0.53 to 0.549 million) cases representing a 97% increase, respectively. Eye conditions that will see the greatest increase from 2015 to 2040 in the Chinese are: DR (112%), glaucoma (100%) and ERM (91.4%). For Malays, DR (154%), ERM (136%), and cataract (122%) cases are expected to increase the most while for Indians, ERM (112%), AMD (101%), and cataract (87%) are estimated to increase the most in the same period. Conclusion: Results indicate that the burden for all eye diseases is expected to increase significantly into the future, but at different rates. These projections can facilitate the planning efforts of both policymakers and healthcare providers in the development and provision of infrastructure and resources to adequately meet the eye care needs of the population. By stratifying for age and ethnicity, high risk groups may be identified and targeted interventions may be implemented. Key words: Ophthalmology, System dynamics

Published
2018

16. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Los Angeles

Author

Miller, Loren G., Bayer S. Arnold, Perdreau-Remington, Francoise, Tang, Angela W., Tieu O. Phung, Rieg, Gunter, Mehdi, Sheherbano, Spellberg, Brad, and Perlroth, Josh

Subjects
Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Risk factors, Staphylococcus aureus -- Risk factors, Necrotizing fasciitis -- Causes of, Necrotizing fasciitis -- Research
Abstract

A characterization of a newly described syndrome of necrotizing fasciitis caused by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is given. In areas in which this pathogen is endemic, empirical therapy for necrotizing fasciitis should include antibiotics, such as vancomycin, that are reliably active against locally circulating strains of community-associated MRSA.

Published
2005

27. Triaxiality and tilted-bands in heavy osmium nuclei

Author

Wheldon, C., primary, Dracoulis, G. D., additional, Newman, R. T., additional, Walker, P. M., additional, Pearson, C. J., additional, Byrne, A. P., additional, Baxter, A. M., additional, Bayer, S., additional, Kibédi, T., additional, McGoram, T. R., additional, Mullins, S. M., additional, and Xu, F. R., additional

Published
2003
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28. A Rare Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus during Childhood: Chorea

Author

Demirtas, N., Acar, A. H., Bayer, S., Kazancioglu, H. O., Yilmaz, N., Mihmanli, A., and DOĞAN DEMİR, AYŞEGÜL

Subjects
congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, lcsh:R5-920, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, General Engineering, Chorea-, BEZMIALEM SCIENCE, cilt.5, ss.90-92, 2017 [DOĞAN DEMİR A., Kucukkoc M., Goknar N., UYGUR ŞAHİN T., ERENBERK U., -A Rare Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus during Childhood], Chorea, Dermatology, Systemic lupus erythematosus, children, medicine, chorea, Presentation (obstetrics), medicine.symptom, skin and connective tissue diseases, lcsh:Medicine (General), business, Anti-SSA/Ro autoantibodies
Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic, chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease characterized by multi-organ and - system involvement such as the kidneys and hematologic and central nervous systems. The clinical presentation of the disease is extremely variable. Systemic findings, nephritis, neuropsychiatric disease, and cytopenia are more common in children than in adults at presentation. Chorea typically manifests with jerky, involuntary, and purposeless movements, involving the face, four limbs, and neck. In addition, patients suffer from dysarthria, gait disturbance, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Chorea can be the first finding of SLE during childhood. Herein we reported a 13-year female patient who presented with movement and speech disorders and who was diagnosed chorea-related SLE.

Published
2017

31. The Efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid in Postextraction Sockets of Impacted Third Molars: A Pilot Study

Author

Yilmaz, N, Demirtas, N, Kazancioglu, HO, Bayer, S, Acar, AH, and Mihmanli, A

Subjects
Hyaluronic acid, pain, surgery, third molar, A Pilot Study-, NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, cilt.20, ss.1626-1631, 2017 [Yilmaz N., Demirtas N., Kazancioglu H. O. , Bayer S., Acar A. H. , Mihmanli A., -The Efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid in Postextraction Sockets of Impacted Third Molars]
Abstract

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of local hyaluronic acid (HA) administration to surgically remove impacted third molar sockets and measure pain, swelling, and trismus. Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 25 healthy patients aged 18-29 years with asymptomatic bilaterally impacted lower third molars. All cases have been performed under local anesthesia. In the study group, 0.8% HA (Gengigel®) was applied in the postextraction sockets of the right third molars and in the control group nothing was applied to the extraction sockets of the left third molars. Postoperative pain, trismus, and swelling were evaluated on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days. Results: No difference was determined between groups in facial swelling and maximum mouth opening. However, the amount of pain significantly reduced in HA groups according to visual analog scale (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that HA can produce an analgesic action in postextraction sockets after surgical removal of impacted teeth and therefore it has a clinical benefit to reduce usage of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs after dentoalveolar surgery.Keywords: Hyaluronic acid, pain, surgery, third molar

Published
2017

36. Projection of Eye Disease Burden in Singapore

Author

Ansah, JP, Koh, V, de Korne, Dirk, Bayer, S, Pan, C, Thiyagarajan, J, Matchar, DB, Lamoureux, E, Quek, D, Ansah, JP, Koh, V, de Korne, Dirk, Bayer, S, Pan, C, Thiyagarajan, J, Matchar, DB, Lamoureux, E, and Quek, D

Published
2018

38. Micah 1–3 and Cultural Trauma Theory: An Exploration

Author

Bayer Scott P.

Subjects
cultural trauma, micah, hebrew bible, old testament, social theory, shephelah, prophets, Religion (General), BL1-50
Abstract

Trauma studies have seen rapid growth in popularity within the past two decades, moving from a psychological phenomenon to a concept utilized by literary critics, sociologists, and now biblical scholars. Yet, most of the work on trauma theory within biblical studies focuses on psychological aspects of trauma instead of sociological or cultural aspects of trauma. Drawing on Jeffery Alexander’s theory of cultural trauma, a cultural trauma reading of Micah 1–3 reveals how Micah 1–3 as a book transforms Micah’s localized psychological trauma to become a national trauma, explaining why scribes preserved Micah 1–3. Like holocaust testimony that became a cultural trauma, Micah’s testimony to his trauma became a trauma for all of Judea. To create a cultural trauma, Micah 1–3 define the trauma as divine punishment through an Assyrian invasion due to a breakdown of social order seen in the corrupt owners, rulers, and religious leaders. This cultural trauma then becomes one of the early texts to shape later biblical writers’ understanding of divine punishment. This article offers a different perspective of trauma theory and shows how cultural trauma theory explains why Micah 1–3 were preserved.

Published
2022
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44. Comparing health workforce forecasting approaches for healthcare planning: The case for ophthalmologists

Author

Ansah, J.P. (John), Koh, V. (Victoria), Korne, D.F. (Dirk) de, Bayer, S. (Steffen), Pan, C. (Chong), Jayabaskar, T. (Thiyagarajan), Matchar, D.B. (David), Quek, D. (Desmond), Ansah, J.P. (John), Koh, V. (Victoria), Korne, D.F. (Dirk) de, Bayer, S. (Steffen), Pan, C. (Chong), Jayabaskar, T. (Thiyagarajan), Matchar, D.B. (David), and Quek, D. (Desmond)

Abstract

Health workforce planning is essential in the provision of quality healthcare. Several approaches to planning are customarily used and advocated, each with unique underlying assumptions. Thus, a thorough understanding of each assumption is required in order to make an informed decision on the choice of forecasting approach to be used. For illustration, we compare results for eye care requirements in Singapore using three established workforce forecasting approaches – workforce-to-population-ratio, needs based approach, utilization based approach – and a proposed robust integrated approach to discuss the appropriateness of each approach under various scenarios. Four simulation models using the systems modeling methodology of system dynamics were developed for use in each approach. These models were initialized and simulated using the example of eye care workforce planning in Singapore, to project the number of ophthalmologists required up to the year 2040 under the four different approaches. We found that each approach projects a different number of ophthalmologists required over time. The needs based approach tends to project the largest number of required ophthalmologists, followed by integrated, utilization based and workforce-to-population ratio approaches in descending order. The four different approaches vary widely in their forecasted workforce requirements and reinforce the need to be discerning of the fundamental differences of each approach in order to choose the most appropriate one. Further, health workforce planning should also be approached in a comprehensive and integrated manner that accounts for developments in demographic and healthcare systems.

Published
2017

46. Erythromicin degradation by an estearase in enzymatic membrane reactors

Author

Sanchez-Marcano, José, Cazes, M., Belleville, M-P., Petit, E., Salomo, M., Bayer, S., Czaja, R., Gunzburg, J. De, Herrada, Anthony, Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), c-LEcta, Da Volterra, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
wastewater treatment, esterase immobilization, Enzymatic membrane reactor, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ceramic membrane, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, erythromycin degradation
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

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