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Background: Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are the most common vascular tumors of infancy. Nearly 4–10% of infants require systemic treatment due to uncontrolled endothelial cell proliferation. Oral propranolol has been approved for the treatment of IH. Herein, we present our experience about the safety and tolerance of this treatment. Materials and Methods: This was a fourteen-year, prospective study conducted between 2008 and 2022 by the dermatology and pediatrics departments of the Hassan II University Hospital Center, located in Fez, Morocco, involving 215 children with infantile hemangioma with an indication for treatment by oral propranolol. Results: After a median follow-up period of fourteen years, the mean age of onset was six months. We encountered a 19% rate of side effects. Therapy was interrupted due to the occurrence of bronchospasm in two cases. Four patients (2.5%) had episodes of bronchiolitis. Other side effects were digestive disorders in 3%, sleep disorders in 6 cases, and coldness of the extremities in 7 cases. Four patients (8.6%) had a volumetric rebound. However, we noted sequelae, such as residual telangiectasias (39% cases), anetodermal skin in 15%, and unsightly scars in 24%. Conclusion: Our data shows that propranolol was generally well tolerated by young infants. We found side effects to be mostly minor, transient, and manageable, except for two cases of bronchospasm, whose treatment was permanently discontinued. This may be explained by the late age of treatment onset, yet we noted sequelae, such as telangiectasias and anetodermal skin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is an uncommon inflammatory dermatosis affecting the anogenital region. There are two peaks of incidence: one in prepubertal girls and the other in postmenopausal women. Its etiopathogenesis remains unknown. Objective: The objective was to specify the clinical characteristics of VLS in the female pediatric population in order to plan early treatment. Results: A total of 12 pediatric female patients were identified in the study. The mean age of onset was six years. Numerous potential etiological factors for VLS development were identified. Pruritus was the main symptom in a significant proportion of the patients. All patients had a good response to topical therapy with no significant side effects. Conclusion: VLS should be suspected in the presence of chronic vulvar pruritus in order to avoid tragic repercussions in adulthood. Appropriate treatment for each patient is essential as is the prevention of the side effects of applied treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Due to the lack of a large series of benign and malignant vulvar lesions, the features of dermoscopy are not well established. Objective: The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological profile and the clinical and dermoscopic characteristics that may indicate malignancy or benignity in vulvar hyperpigmentation. Materials and Methods: From June 2020 to June 2023, we conducted a retrospective, prospective study involving 42 patients with 59 pigmented lesions. Results: The parallel, homogeneous, and globular patterns were observed in benign lesions (nevi, lentigo, melanosis). The cerebriform pattern was observed in seborrheic keratosis and Bowen's disease (BD). In cases of BD, we also observed white, structureless areas, glomerular vessels, a homogeneous brownishgray area, and brown dots. Conclusion: Good clinico-dermoscopic correlation should guide the diagnosis and management of pigmented vulvar lesions. Dermoscopy may be helpful in distinguishing between a benign lesion and a malignant lesion, yet in cases of doubt, a biopsy may be necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: DRESS syndrome (drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome) is a severe druginduced skin reaction that may be life-threatening, particularly due to its visceral involvement. The liver is the primary organ responsible for the metabolism of most medications. Several reviews and articles have highlighted the liver as the most affected organ in DRESS syndrome, making it intriguing to study this aspect in more detail. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study conducted at the dermatology department in Fez, Morocco, from 2014 to 2023, including all cases presenting with DRESS syndrome diagnosed based on clinical, biological, histological, and chronological arguments, with a RegiSCAR score classified as probable or definite. Hepatic involvement was assessed based on the classification of drug-induced hepatitis using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and the ALT/ALP ratio (R), thus defining three clinical forms: cytolytic (ALT > 2 or R > 5), cholestatic (ALP > 2 or R < 2), and mixed (2 < R < 5). Results: 72 patients were included, with 47.2% experiencing hepatic involvement, including 48.5% with cytolytic, 36.4% with cholestatic, and 15% with mixed forms. Among these, 55.9% had associated renal involvement, 29.9% presented with erythroderma, 55.9% with a maculopapular rash, 8.8% with a morbilliform rash, 5.9% with an erythema multiforme-like eruption, and 79.9% had eosinophilia. Allopurinol was the most implicated drug (50%), followed by neuroleptics (17.6%), Salazopyrin (14.7%), and antibiotics (8.8%). The association between Salazopyrin and hepatic involvement was significant (p < 0.05), while the statistical analysis of other parameters did not reveal such an association. Management involved local care, with 50% of the patients placed on corticosteroid therapy. 8.8% of the patients died, while the others showed normalized liver function tests in 74.19% of cases, with the rest lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Hepatic involvement is common in DRESS syndrome, predominantly manifesting as cytolytic or cholestatic patterns. Maculopapular rash and erythroderma are the most commonly observed cutaneous phenotypes. These patients are more likely to have associated renal involvement and eosinophilia. Allopurinol, neuroleptics, and Salazopyrin are the most frequently implicated drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a form of primary lymphocytic scarring alopecia characterized by a progressive recession of the fronto-temporal hairline. Although the clinical presentation of FFA is very typical, biopsy for histopathological examina­tion is still recommended to confirm the diagnosis. Currently, a growing number of skin and mucosal inflammatory diseases are diagnosed with modern noninvasive techniques such as dermoscopy without the necessity of a biopsy. Objectives: The International Dermoscopy Society (IDS) aimed to test the ability of its members to diagnose classic FFA through clinical and dermoscopic parameters and to compare acquired data to the largest cohort studies published since 1994. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional study describing patient demographics, clinical presentation and diagnostic tools used in a sample of FFA patients collected by IDS members. A literature search was then performed using Pubmed to review studies reporting more than 100 cases. Results: IDS members submitted 188 cases demonstrating a predominant female population (98.4%). In 71.8% of the cases, the clinical presentation and the trichoscopic findings allowed for the diagnosis. Out of 24 revised studies, 13 showed that clinical and trichoscopic features were decisive for the diagnosis in almost all cases. Conclusions: Demographic and clinical data of our cohort were mostly comparable to previous reported data on FFA. The relevant role of the clinical and trichoscopic features in diagnosing FFA was confirmed by our study and the reviewed literature. Trichoscopy could be considered a worldwide-acknowledged non-invasive technique for the diagnosis of FFA.

Mycetomas are pathological processes in which fungal or actinomycotic agents emit seeds. It is a chronic infectious disease, endemic in tropical countries, that affects the soft tissues and the skeleton with sometimes fatal visceral damage. Foot involvement is by far the most common, occurring in 80% of cases. The treatment of mycetomas depends on their etiology, medical or surgical. Herein, we report a rare case of a foot and leg eumycetoma. The purpose of this work was to recall this rare condition, often overlooked by practitioners, remaining a source of therapeutic difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vulvar oedema is swelling of the vulvar tissues as a result of fluid accumulation in the interstitial space. Oedema of the vulva consists of plasma or lymph. It is usually a symptom of another condition, although it can manifest as a distinct entity. Objective: the aim of our study was to report the different cases of vulvar oedema in our vulvar pathology series. Method: From January 2020 to January 2024, we conducted a retrospective study of 70 cases of vulval oedema at the dermatology department of the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez. Results: Vulvar oedema can be a symptom of various systemic pathologies, sometimes revealing an underlying pathology such as Crohn’s disease, or it may be a warning sign of a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency that may be life-threatening, in particular pre-eclampsia in pregnancy. It sometimes requires multidisciplinary management and can affect quality of life if the underlying pathology is chronic. Conclusion: The causes of vulvar edema are many and varied. Identification of underlying and associated conditions is essential for successful management. In cases that appear to be resistant to conventional therapy, consideration should be given to rare connective tissue tumors and neoplasms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scabies, a common skin condition primarily affecting children, was included among neglected tropical diseases by the World Health Organization in 2017, emphasizing the need for global action. Our study presents the findings of an investigation into 15 cases of scabies in children, highlighting clinical and dermoscopic features. We explore treatment, based on benzyl benzoate, along with aspects such as pathophysiology, transmission, and complications. Recommendations for environmental treatment and the effectiveness of certain biocides are also discussed. In conclusion, we emphasize the importance of post-treatment medical follow-up for comprehensive scabies management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers Santé - Médecine Thérapeutique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mycosis fungoides is the most common subtype of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, its evolution is indolent, except in the case of transformation into large T-cell lymphoma. A 63-year-old patient, he has a stage IB mycosis fungoid for 4 years treated by topical corticosteroids associated with methotrexate. Then he had progressed to stage IIb, treated by PUVA (photochemotherapy) and acitretin with complete remission and then relapsed, with the appearance of tumors, and adenopathy, the extension assessment had objectified a transformed CD30 mycosis fungoid, with a lymph node localization of T lymphoma, the patient is classified as stage IIIB. Thoracic-abdomino-pelvic CT had shown a thickening of the sigmoid colon wall, completed by colonoscopy, whose colon biopsy had objectified a colonic adenocarcinoma. The association of colonic adenocarcinoma and a mycosis fongoide is rare, a pathophysiology is poorly understood, suggests a probably genetic predisposition.

Verrucous carcinoma (VC) is an uncommon, distinct type of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in which metastasis is rare. It is locally agressive and often affects deep structures such as tendons, muscles and bone in which invasion remain rare. Verrucous carcinoma is commonly misdiagnosed as a wart or chronic infection for months or years. We report a case of a 85-year-old woman with a verrucous carcinoma developing in an intertriginous area of the foot with bone invasion.

Copyright of Cahiers Santé - Médecine Thérapeutique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and Sdermatomyositis (DM) are two connectivitises with frequent scalp involvement and similar clinical features. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the trichoscopic findings in patients with DM and DLE and to determine the distinctive feature of each pathology that may help in the differential diagnosis. Materials and Methods: We performed an analytical, comparative primary study of trichoscopic images belonging to 32 patients (18 cases of lupus and 14 of dermatomyositis) with a total of seventy lesions over a period of two years. Results: Eighteen cases of discoid lupus and fourteen cases of dermatomyositis were included. Trichoscopic founding revealed that abnormalities of follicular openings, pigment disorders, white structures, and downy hair were more frequent in lupus, and vascular patterns and dystrophic and circular hair were more prominent in dermatomyositis. The analytical study revealed that the absence or reduced number of follicular openings (p = 0.024), the presence of sliding sheaths (p = 0.048) were significant signs in favor of lupus; and the presence of perifollicular erythema (p = 0.0001), linear fine vessels and telangiectasia (p = 0.031), and pseudo-lake structures (p = 0.002) were associated with dermatomyositis. Conclusion: Trichoscopic examination is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of connectivitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon yet serious inflammatory neoplasia that frequently affects children. Skin and bone manifestations are frequent and may be isolated or associated with visceral or systemic disorders. Diagnosis is clinicopathologic, established upon typical clinical findings and immunohistochemical and histological analyses of a biopsy taken from the lesions. Prognosis depends on onset age and the quantity of affected organs. Treatment is often necessary for LCH if systemic involvement exists. Herein, we report a rare case of multifocal LCH of late onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers Santé - Médecine Thérapeutique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cahiers Santé - Médecine Thérapeutique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cahiers Santé - Médecine Thérapeutique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)