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7. The Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on Solar Orbiter

Author

Solanki, S. K., Iniesta, J. C. del Toro, Woch, J., Gandorfer, A., Hirzberger, J., Alvarez-Herrero, A., Appourchaux, T., Pillet, V. Martínez, Pérez-Grande, I., Kilders, E. Sanchis, Schmidt, W., Cama, J. M. Gómez, Michalik, H., Deutsch, W., Fernandez-Rico, G., Grauf, B., Gizon, L., Heerlein, K., Kolleck, M., Lagg, A., Meller, R., Müller, R., Schühle, U., Staub, J., Albert, K., Copano, M. Alvarez, Beckmann, U., Bischoff, J., Busse, D., Enge, R., Frahm, S., Germerott, D., Guerrero, L., Löptien, B., Meierdierks, T., Oberdorfer, D., Papagiannaki, I., Ramanath, S., Schou, J., Werner, S., Yang, D., Zerr, A., Bergmann, M., Bochmann, J., Heinrichs, J., Meyer, S., Monecke, M., Müller, M. -F., Sperling, M., a, D. Álvarez Garcí, Aparicio, B., Jiménez, M. Balaguer, Rubio, L. R. Bellot, Carracosa, J. P. Cobos, Girela, F., Expósito, D. Hernández, Herranz, M., Labrousse, P., Jiménez, A. López, Suárez, D. Orozco, Ramos, J. L., Barandiarán, J., Bastide, L., Campuzano, C., Cebollero, M., Dávila, B., Fernández-Medina, A., Parejo, P. García, Garranzo-García, D., Laguna, H., Martín, J. A., Navarro, R., Peral, A. Núñez, Royo, M., Sánchez, A., Silva-López, M., Vera, I., Villanueva, J., Fourmond, J. -J., de Galarreta, C. Ruiz, Bouzit, M., Hervier, V., Clec'h, J. C. Le, Szwec, N., Chaigneau, M., Buttice, V., Dominguez-Tagle, C., Philippon, A., Boumier, P., Cocguen, R. Le, Baranjuk, G., Bell, A., Berkefeld, Th., Baumgartner, J., Heidecke, F., Maue, T., Nakai, E., Scheiffelen, T., Sigwarth, M., Soltau, D., Volkmer, R., Rodríguez, J. Blanco, Domingo, V., Sabater, A. Ferreres, Blesa, J. L. Gasent, Martínez, P. Rodríguez, Caudel, D. Osorno, Bosch, J., Casas, A., Carmona, M., Herms, A., Roma, D., Alonso, G., omez-Sanjuan, A. G\', Piqueras, J., Torralbo, I., Fiethe, B., Guan, Y., Lange, T., Michel, H., Bonet, J. A., Fahmy, S., Müller, D., and Zouganelis, I.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

This paper describes the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on the Solar Orbiter mission (SO/PHI), the first magnetograph and helioseismology instrument to observe the Sun from outside the Sun-Earth line. It is the key instrument meant to address the top-level science question: How does the solar dynamo work and drive connections between the Sun and the heliosphere? SO/PHI will also play an important role in answering the other top-level science questions of Solar Orbiter, as well as hosting the potential of a rich return in further science. SO/PHI measures the Zeeman effect and the Doppler shift in the FeI 617.3nm spectral line. To this end, the instrument carries out narrow-band imaging spectro-polarimetry using a tunable LiNbO_3 Fabry-Perot etalon, while the polarisation modulation is done with liquid crystal variable retarders (LCVRs). The line and the nearby continuum are sampled at six wavelength points and the data are recorded by a 2kx2k CMOS detector. To save valuable telemetry, the raw data are reduced on board, including being inverted under the assumption of a Milne-Eddington atmosphere, although simpler reduction methods are also available on board. SO/PHI is composed of two telescopes; one, the Full Disc Telescope (FDT), covers the full solar disc at all phases of the orbit, while the other, the High Resolution Telescope (HRT), can resolve structures as small as 200km on the Sun at closest perihelion. The high heat load generated through proximity to the Sun is greatly reduced by the multilayer-coated entrance windows to the two telescopes that allow less than 4% of the total sunlight to enter the instrument, most of it in a narrow wavelength band around the chosen spectral line., Comment: 36 pages, 41 figures

Published
2019
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10. Mechanisms, Detection, and Relevance of Protein Acetylation in Prokaryotes.

Author

Christensen, D, Baumgartner, J, Xie, X, Jew, K, Basisty, N, Schilling, B, Kuhn, M, and Wolfe, A

Subjects
acetylation, acetylome, bacteria, lysine acetyltransferase, mass spectrometry, proteomics, Acetylation, Archaea, Archaeal Proteins, Bacteria, Bacterial Proteins, Biomedical Research, Lysine, Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Abstract

Posttranslational modification of a protein, either alone or in combination with other modifications, can control properties of that protein, such as enzymatic activity, localization, stability, or interactions with other molecules. N-ε-Lysine acetylation is one such modification that has gained attention in recent years, with a prevalence and significance that rival those of phosphorylation. This review will discuss the current state of the field in bacteria and some of the work in archaea, focusing on both mechanisms of N-ε-lysine acetylation and methods to identify, quantify, and characterize specific acetyllysines. Bacterial N-ε-lysine acetylation depends on both enzymatic and nonenzymatic mechanisms of acetylation, and recent work has shed light into the regulation of both mechanisms. Technological advances in mass spectrometry have allowed researchers to gain insight with greater biological context by both (i) analyzing samples either with stable isotope labeling workflows or using label-free protocols and (ii) determining the true extent of acetylation on a protein population through stoichiometry measurements. Identification of acetylated lysines through these methods has led to studies that probe the biological significance of acetylation. General and diverse approaches used to determine the effect of acetylation on a specific lysine will be covered.

Published
2019

16. Gold Standard for Epilepsy/Tumor Surgery Coupled with Deep Learning Offers Independence to a Promising Functional Mapping Modality

Author

Korostenskaja, M., Raviprakash, H., Bagci, U., Lee, K. H., Chen, P. C., Kapeller, C., Salinas, C., Westerveld, M., Ralescu, A., Xiang, J., Baumgartner, J., Elsayed, M., Castillo, E., Gan, Woon-Seng, Series Editor, Kuo, C.-C. Jay, Series Editor, Zheng, Thomas Fang, Series Editor, Barni, Mauro, Series Editor, Guger, Christoph, editor, Mrachacz-Kersting, Natalie, editor, and Allison, Brendan Z., editor

Published
2019
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24. Extensions of the Erd\H{o}s-Rado Theorem

Author

Baumgartner, J. and Todorcevic, A. Hajnal. S.

Subjects
Mathematics - Logic
Abstract

We establish a variety of extensions to the Erdos-Rado Theorem, particularly involving ordinal numbers, and always involving ordinary partition relations. Most of the results can be regarded as consequences of the Ramification Principle, interpreted appropriately. Some of these problems have been open for a long time. There is a detailed summary at the beginning of the paper. The paper is scheduled to appear as part of the proceedings of the Banff meeting held in 1991.

Published
1993

25. Anaemia, iron and vitamin A status among South African school-aged children living with and without HIV

Author

Goosen, C, Baumgartner, J, Mikulic, N, Barnabas, S L, Cotton, M F, Zimmermann, M B, and Blaauw, R

Subjects
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Abstract

Background. Data on iron and vitamin A deficiency are scarce in school-aged children living with HIV (HIV+) compared with children without HIV (HIV–). Both deficiencies can contribute to anaemia. Objective. To assess anaemia, iron and vitamin A status in a sample of HIV+ and HIV– school-aged children in South Africa. Methods. In this comparative cross-sectional study, biomarkers for anaemia (haemoglobin), iron (plasma ferritin (PF), soluble transferrin receptor), vitamin A (retinol-binding protein (RBP)) and inflammatory status (C-reactive protein, α-1-acid glycoprotein) were measured in 8 - 13-year-old children from Cape Town living with (n=143) and without HIV (n=148). Measurements of PF and RBP were adjusted for inflammation using a regression-correction approach. Results. HIV+ children had higher prevalences of anaemia (29% v. 14%; odds ratio (OR) = 2.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4 - 4.9; p=0.002), iron-deficient erythropoiesis (20% v. 9%; OR=2.5; 95% CI 1.2 - 5.0; p=0.013) and iron deficiency anaemia (11% v. 4%; OR=2.9; 95% CI 1.1 - 7.7; p=0.035) than HIV– children. Marginal vitamin A deficiency was noted in 52% of HIV+ and 57% of HIV– children (p=0.711). Subclinical inflammation was more prevalent in HIV+ than HIV– children (p=0.012). Conclusion. Anaemia, iron-deficient erythropoiesis and iron deficiency anaemia were more prevalent in HIV+ than HIV– children. Prevalence of marginal vitamin A deficiency was high in both groups. Efforts to improve micronutrient status and mitigate nutritional determinants of anaemia in HIV+ children from resource-limited settings should be prioritised.

Published
2022

26. Effects of Smoking and Air Pollution on Tuberculosis Development and Treatment Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author

Carroll, S., primary, Escobar Guzman, B.H., additional, Baumgartner, J., additional, Cohen, A.J., additional, Salazar, D.M., additional, Meng, Q., additional, Ohman-Strickland, P.A., additional, Wackowski, O.A., additional, Ibironke, O., additional, Seth, B., additional, Gordon, S.B., additional, Van Zyl Smit, R.N., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, and Schwander, S., additional

Published
2023
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30. The Cost Implications in Ontario, Alberta, and British Columbia of Early Versus Delayed External Cephalic Version in the Early External Cephalic Version 2 (EECV2) Trial

Author

Hutton, E.K., Barrett, J., Carson, G.D., Delisle, M.F., Dunn, M., Edwards, S., Fernandez, A., Gafni, A., Hannah, M.E., Hewson, S., Natale, R., Ohlsson, A., Ross, S.J., Willan, A.R., Windrim, R., Pollard, J.K., Schweitzer, Sylvestre, G., Turtle, P., Bracken, M., Crowley, P., Donner, A., Duley, L., Ehrenkranz, R., Curioni, M., Abalos Gorostiaga, R., Becker, C., Elizabeth, P.A., Errandonea, L., Palermo, M., Ramos, C.A., Trabucco, M., Montes Varela, D., Bertin, M.S., Castaldi, J.L., Mohedano de Duhalde, M., Messina, A., Baumgartner, J., Kovacs, G., Malcolm, B., Neil, J.R., Mahomed, K., Green, A., Child, A., DeVries, B., Phipps, H., Welsh, A., Davis, G.K., Roberts, L., Watts, N.P., Cybulski, M., Gibson, D., Tucker, S., McCahon, I., Sheehan, P., Umstad, M., Milligan, J., Morris, J., Rickard, K., Gardener, G., Jenkins-Manning, S., Boniface, C., Edmondson, M., Watson, D., Ayub, A., Soanes, S., Jordan, A., Fanning, C., Parish, B., Watson, M.A., Reid, D., Scheufler, P., Malott, A.M., Reitsma, A., Haslauer, K.A., Lipp, M., Farquharson, D., Gray, K., Demianczuk, N., Penttinen, E., Herer, E., McLean, K., Aghajafari, F., Williams, S., Moravac, C., Yudin, M., Pollard, J., Miller, L., Anderson, R.B., Good, M., Walker, M.C., Kulkarni, R., Scarfone, R., Cameron, C., Peel, T., Carrillo, J., Cruces, A., Gonzalez, Y., Figueroa Poblete, J., Lama Hormazabal, L., Saez, J., Oyarzun, E., Rioseco, A., Illanes, S., Kottmann, C., Parra, M., Quezada, S., Quiroz, L., Hvidman, L., Mogensen, I.M., Mouritzen, A., Ostberg, B., Abdel-Samad, S.N.M., Al-Hussaini, T., El-Nashar, I., Kirss, F., Rull, K., Ustav, E., Vaas, P., Brink-Spalink, V., Weizsaecker, K., Major, T., Poka, R., Daly, S., Kaneti, H., Rosen, D., Schachter, B., Chayen, B., Harel, L., Hiaeb, Z., Malinger, G., Dukler, D., Lunenfeld, E., AlFaris, L., El-Zibdeh, M., Domzalska-Popadiuk, I., Kobiela, P., Pankrac, Z., Preis, J., Preis, K., Swiatkowska-Freund, M., Cravo, J., Theron, A.M., Theron, G.B., Cronje, H.S., du Plessis, J.M., Munoz, M., Khan, G., Khan, S., Goossens, S., Pieters, M., Roumen, F.J.M.E., ten Cate, F., Smits, F., Heres, M., Krabbendam, E., Airey, R., Farrar, D., Tuffnell, D.J., Heyes, V., Melvin, C., Schram, C., Galimberti, A., Stewart, P., Cresswell, J., McCormick, C., Andrews, J., Fleener, D., Coonrod, D., Jimenez, B.F., Brown, S., Gregg, A., Pitchford, C., Seubert, D., Ahmed, Rashid J., Gafni, Amiram, and Hutton, Eileen K.

Published
2016
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33. Household air pollution from solid fuel use as a dose-dependent risk factor for cognitive impairment in northern China

Author

Tseng, T-WJ, Carter, E, Yan, L, Chan, Q, Elliott, P, Ezzati, M, Kelly, F, Schauer, JJ, Wu, Y, Yang, X, Zhao, L, Baumgartner, J, and Wellcome Trust

Subjects
China, Multidisciplinary, Risk Factors, Air Pollution, Air Pollution, Indoor, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, Cooking, Environmental Exposure, Prospective Studies, Aged
Abstract

The relationship between exposure to household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel use and cognition remains poorly understood. Among 401 older adults in peri-urban northern China enrolled in the INTERMAP-China Prospective Study, we estimated the associations between exposure to HAP and z-standardized domain-specific and overall cognitive scores from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Interquartile range increases in exposures to fine particulate matter (53.2-µg/m3) and black carbon (0.9-µg/m3) were linearly associated with lower overall cognition [− 0.13 (95% confidence interval: − 0.22, − 0.04) and − 0.10 (− 0.19, − 0.01), respectively]. Using solid fuel indoors and greater intensity of its use were also associated with lower overall cognition (range of point estimates: − 0.13 to − 0.03), though confidence intervals included zero. Among individual cognitive domains, attention had the largest associations with most exposure measures. Our findings indicate that exposure to HAP may be a dose-dependent risk factor for cognitive impairment. As exposure to HAP remains pervasive in China and worldwide, reducing exposure through the promotion of less-polluting stoves and fuels may be a population-wide intervention strategy to lessen the burden of cognitive impairment.

Published
2022

34. Trajectories of psychosocial symptoms and wellbeing in asylum seekers and refugees exposed to traumatic events and resettled in Western Europe, Turkey, and Uganda.

Author

Purgato, M, Tedeschi, F, Turrini, G, Acartürk, C, Anttila, M, Augustinavicious, J, Baumgartner, J, Bryant, R, Churchill, R, Ilkkursun, Z, Karyotaki, E, Klein, T, Koesters, M, Lantta, T, Leku, MR, Nosè, M, Ostuzzi, G, Popa, M, Prina, E, Sijbrandij, M, Uygun, E, Välimäki, M, Walker, L, Wancata, J, White, RG, Cuijpers, P, Tol, W, Barbui, C, Purgato, M, Tedeschi, F, Turrini, G, Acartürk, C, Anttila, M, Augustinavicious, J, Baumgartner, J, Bryant, R, Churchill, R, Ilkkursun, Z, Karyotaki, E, Klein, T, Koesters, M, Lantta, T, Leku, MR, Nosè, M, Ostuzzi, G, Popa, M, Prina, E, Sijbrandij, M, Uygun, E, Välimäki, M, Walker, L, Wancata, J, White, RG, Cuijpers, P, Tol, W, and Barbui, C

Abstract

Background: Longitudinal studies examining mental health trajectories in refugees and asylum seekers are scarce. Objectives: To investigate trajectories of psychological symptoms and wellbeing in refugees and asylum seekers, and identify factors associated with these trajectories. Method: 912 asylum seekers and refugees from the control arm of three trials in Europe (n = 229), Turkey (n = 320), and Uganda (n = 363) were included. We described trajectories of psychological symptoms and wellbeing, and used trauma exposure, age, marital status, education, and individual trial as predictors. Then, we assessed the bidirectional interactions between wellbeing and psychological symptoms, and the effect of each predictor on each outcome controlling for baseline values. Results: Symptom improvement was identified in all trials, and for wellbeing in 64.7% of participants in Europe and Turkey, versus 31.5% in Uganda. In Europe and Turkey domestic violence predicted increased symptoms at post-intervention (ß = 1.36, 95% CI 0.17-2.56), whilst murder of family members at 6-month follow-up (ß = 1.23, 95% CI 0.27-2.19). Lower wellbeing was predicted by murder of family member (ß = -1.69, 95% CI -3.06 to -0.32), having been kidnapped (ß = -1.67, 95% CI -3.19 to -0.15), close to death (ß = -1.38, 95% CI -2.70 to -0.06), and being in the host country ≥2 years (ß = -1.60, 95% CI -3.05 to -0.14). In Uganda at post-intervention, having been kidnapped predicted increased symptoms (ß = 2.11, 95% CI 0.58-3.65), and lack of shelter (ß = -2.51, 95% CI -4.44 to -0.58) and domestic violence predicted lower wellbeing (ß = -1.36, 95% CI -2.67 to -0.05). Conclusion: Many participants adapt to adversity, but contextual factors play a critical role in determining mental health trajectories.

Published
2022

35. Effectiveness of a WHO self-help psychological intervention for preventing mental disorders among Syrian refugees in Turkey: a randomized controlled trial

Author

Acarturk, C, Uygun, E, Ilkkursun, Z, Carswell, K, Tedeschi, F, Batu, M, Eskici, S, Kurt, G, Anttila, M, Au, T, Baumgartner, J, Churchill, R, Cuijpers, P, Becker, T, Koesters, M, Lantta, T, Nosè, M, Ostuzzi, G, Popa, M, Purgato, M, Sijbrandij, M, Turrini, G, Välimäki, M, Walker, L, Wancata, J, Zanini, E, White, RG, van Ommeren, M, Barbui, C, Acarturk, C, Uygun, E, Ilkkursun, Z, Carswell, K, Tedeschi, F, Batu, M, Eskici, S, Kurt, G, Anttila, M, Au, T, Baumgartner, J, Churchill, R, Cuijpers, P, Becker, T, Koesters, M, Lantta, T, Nosè, M, Ostuzzi, G, Popa, M, Purgato, M, Sijbrandij, M, Turrini, G, Välimäki, M, Walker, L, Wancata, J, Zanini, E, White, RG, van Ommeren, M, and Barbui, C

Abstract

Refugees are at high risk of developing mental disorders. There is no evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that psychological interventions can prevent the onset of mental disorders in this group. We assessed the effectiveness of a self-help psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization, called Self-Help Plus, in preventing the development of mental disorders among Syrian refugees experiencing psychological distress in Turkey. A two-arm, assessor-masked RCT was conducted in two Turkish areas. Eligible participants were adult Syrian refugees experiencing psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire ≥3), but without a diagnosis of mental disorder. They were randomly assigned either to the Self-Help Plus arm (consisting of Self-Help Plus combined with Enhanced Care as Usual, ECAU) or to ECAU only in a 1:1 ratio. Self-Help Plus was delivered in a group format by two facilitators over five sessions. The primary outcome measure was the presence of any mental disorder assessed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview at six-month follow-up. Secondary outcome measures were the presence of mental disorders at post-intervention, and psychological distress, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, personally identified psychological outcomes, functional impairment, subjective well-being, and quality of life at post-intervention and six-month follow-up. Between October 1, 2018 and November 30, 2019, 1,186 refugees were assessed for inclusion. Five hundred forty-four people were ineligible, and 642 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to either Self-Help Plus (N=322) or ECAU (N=320). Self-Help Plus participants were significantly less likely to have any mental disorders at six-month follow-up compared to the ECAU group (21.69% vs. 40.73%; Cramer's V = 0.205, p<0.001, risk ratio: 0.533, 95% CI: 0.408-0.696). Analysis of secondary outcomes suggested that Self-Help Plus was not effective immediat

Published
2022

36. Effectiveness of a WHO self-help psychological intervention for preventing mental disorders among Syrian refugees in Turkey: a randomized controlled trial

Author

Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Eskici, Sevde; Kurt, Gülşah, Uygun, E.; Carswell, K.; Tedeschi, F.; Batu, M.; Anttila, M.; Au, T.; Baumgartner, J.; Churchill, R.; Cuijpers, P.; Becker, T.; Koesters, M.; Lantta, T.; Nosè, M.; Ostuzzi, G.; Popa, M.; Purgato, M.; Sijbrandij, M.; Turrini, G.; Välimäki, M.; Walker, L.; Wancata, J.; Zanini, E.; White, R.G.; van Ommeren, M.; Barbui C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Acartürk, Zeynep Ceren (ORCID 0000-0001-7093-1554 & YÖK ID 39271); İlkkurşun, Zeynep; Eskici, Sevde; Kurt, Gülşah, Uygun, E.; Carswell, K.; Tedeschi, F.; Batu, M.; Anttila, M.; Au, T.; Baumgartner, J.; Churchill, R.; Cuijpers, P.; Becker, T.; Koesters, M.; Lantta, T.; Nosè, M.; Ostuzzi, G.; Popa, M.; Purgato, M.; Sijbrandij, M.; Turrini, G.; Välimäki, M.; Walker, L.; Wancata, J.; Zanini, E.; White, R.G.; van Ommeren, M.; Barbui C., College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology

Abstract

Refugees are at high risk of developing mental disorders. There is no evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that psychological interventions can prevent the onset of mental disorders in this group. We assessed the effectiveness of a self-help psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization, called Self-Help Plus, in preventing the development of mental disorders among Syrian refugees experiencing psychological distress in Turkey. A two-arm, assessor-masked RCT was conducted in two Turkish areas. Eligible participants were adult Syrian refugees experiencing psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire ?3), but without a diagnosis of mental disorder. They were randomly assigned either to the Self-Help Plus arm (consisting of Self-Help Plus combined with Enhanced Care as Usual, ECAU) or to ECAU only in a 1:1 ratio. Self-Help Plus was delivered in a group format by two facilitators over five sessions. The primary outcome measure was the presence of any mental disorder assessed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview at six-month follow-up. Secondary outcome measures were the presence of mental disorders at post-intervention, and psychological distress, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, personally identified psychological outcomes, functional impairment, subjective well-being, and quality of life at post-intervention and six-month follow-up. Between October 1, 2018 and November 30, 2019, 1,186 refugees were assessed for inclusion. Five hundred forty-four people were ineligible, and 642 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to either Self-Help Plus (N=322) or ECAU (N=320). Self-Help Plus participants were significantly less likely to have any mental disorders at six-month follow-up compared to the ECAU group (21.69% vs. 40.73%; Cramer's V = 0.205, p<0.001, risk ratio: 0.533, 95% CI: 0.408-0.696). Analysis of secondary outcomes suggested that Self-Help Plus was not effective immediat, European Commission

Published
2022

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