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Background: Aorto‐left ventricular tunnel (ALVT) is a paravalvular communication between aorta and left ventricle. It is one of the rare congenital heart diseases which could present with heart failure. Case presentation: A case of ALVT was diagnosed in infancy. Preliminary assessment was possible using conventional echocardiography; however, functional assessment and accurate anatomy of ALVT were further verified via variable imaging modalities starting from speckle tracking and three‐dimensional echocardiography to cardiac CT angiogram. The tunnel was successfully repaired with uneventful recovery. Conclusions: Multimodality imaging can accurately assess cardiac function and demonstrate the anatomy of ALVT noninvasively to plan for successful intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of optic pathway in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Patients and Methods: This study included 41 IIH patients and 22 controls. They underwent DTI of the optic nerve (ON) and optic radiation (OR). Their fractional anostrophy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were calculated by two reviewers and correlated with papilledema grade. Results: The optic nerve mean FA and MD of patients for reviewer-1 were 0.21 ± 0.047 and 2.189 ± 0.52 ×10−3 mm2/s and for reviewer-2 were 0.216 ± 0.047 and 2.17 ± 0.54 ×10−3 mm2/s. The mean ON FA and MD of controls for reviewer-1 were 0.33 ± 0.048 and 1.29 ± 0.26 ×10−3 mm2/s and for reviewer-2 were 0.34 ± 0.05 and 1.3 ± 0.26 ×10−3 mm2/s. There was significant difference in FA and MD between patients and controls (p < 0.00001). The OR mean FA and MD of patients for reviewer-1 were 0.61 ± 0.03 and 2.26 ± 0.55 ×10−3 mm2/s and for reviewer-2 were 0.6 ± 0.03 and 2.24 ± 0.57 ×10−3 mm2/s The mean OR FA and MD of controls for reviewer-1 were 0.6 ± 0.03 and 2.19 ± 0.49 ×10−3 mm2/s and for reviewer-2 were 0.6 ± 0.03 and 2.18 ± 0.49 ×10−3 mm2/s. There was no significant difference in FA and MD obtained in patients and controls. Both the FA and the MD of the ON showed strong correlation with the papilledema grade (r = −0.8 and 0.951, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that, IIH is associated mainly with pre-chiasmatic or ON involvement rather than post-chiasmatic parenchymal or OR involvement. DTI MD and FA parameters of the ON may be a reliable imaging biomarker for diagnosis of IIH and well correlated with papilledema grades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thyroid nodules (TNs) are commonly encountered in clinical settings. Many professional organizations have adopted and published ultrasound-based risk stratification systems (RSSs) as a tool for standardized reporting and evaluation. The American College of Radiology-Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR-TIRADS) Committee in 2017 proposed a white paper with a novel risk stratification system that classifies TNs into 5 morphologic categories on the basis of their ultrasonographic features (echogenicity, composition, margin, shape, and echogenic foci). These features are described and assigned points to obtain a total score that determines the thyroid nodule's TR risk levels (from TR1 to TR5). Objective: The aim of the current study was to assess the value of the ACR Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR-TIRADS) Lexicon in predicting the nature of different thyroid nodules. Patients and methods: A total of 102 subjects (90 female and 12 males; age between 18 and 77 years) with 130 thyroid nodules with a definitive cytopathologic diagnosis on the basis of US-guided FNAB and/or surgery results were enrolled. The mean age was 41.03 (SD 13.09) years, with ages ranging between 18 and 77 years. Our study was carried out between November 2020 and October 2022. Result: The ACR-TIRADS US lexicon's predictive ability in thyroid nodules' risk stratification was assessed. The overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV were 83.08%, 94.34%, 75.32%, 95.08% and 72.46%, respectively. Conclusions: In everyday practice, ACR-TIRADS classification is a non-invasive, safe, reliable, and applicable tool for evaluating thyroid nodules, standardizing report structure, and reducing inconsistencies with thyroid nodules' interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Assess reproducibility of detection, staging, and grading of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) using wholebody diffusion-weighted imaging with background body signal suppression (WB-DWIBS). Material and methods: Thirty NHL patients underwent WB-DWIBS, divided into 2 groups according to staging and grading. Image analysis and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement of the largest lymph node in each group were performed by 2 observers. Inter-observer agreement was performed. Results: Overall inter-observer agreement for detection of NHL was excellent (k = 0.843; 92.05%) with excellent inter-observer agreement of nodal disease (cervical, thoracic and abdominal) (k = 0.783, 0.769, and 0.856; 96.67%, 90.0%, and 93.3% respectively), extra-nodal disease (k = 1; 100%), and splenic involvement (k = 0.67; 83.3%). The overall inter-observer agreement of DWIBS in staging of NHL was excellent (k = 0.90; 94.9%) with excellent inter-observer agreement for stage I (k = 0.93; 96.4%), stage II (k = 0.90; 94.8%), stage III (k = 0.89; 94.6%), and stage IV (k = 0.88; 94.0%). There was significant difference between ADC in stage I, II (0.77 ± 0.13, 0.85 ± 0.09 × 10-3 mm²/s), and stage III, IV (0.63 ± 0.08, 0.64 ± 0.11 × 10-3 mm²/s, p < 0.002, < 0.001). Interclass correlation showed almost perfect agreement for ADC measurement in staging and grading groups (r = 0.96 and r = 0.85, respectively, p < 0.001). There was significant difference between ADC in aggressive lymphoma (0.65 ± 0.1, 0.67 ± 0.13 × 10-3 mm²/s) and indolent lymphoma (0.76 ± 0.14, 0.84 ± 0.09 × 10-3 mm²/s, p < 0.028, < 0.001). Conclusion: DWIBS is reproducible for detection and staging of nodal and extra-nodal involvement in patients with NHL. ADC can quantitatively participate in the staging and grading of NHL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the extremely rare systemic venous anomalies is double left brachiocephalic veins (LBVs). In the current work, a rare association of double LBVs with a vascular ring and normal intracardiac anatomy is described in fetal life with postnatal confirmation using echocardiography and computed tomography. The prenatal diagnosis of such an infrequent lesion is feasible using fetal echocardiography. Despite the smooth prenatal and postnatal course, potential risk during certain interventions or surgeries should be highlighted in parent counseling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 62-year-old man presented complaining of atrial fibrillation. Plain chest radiography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a large fusiform aneurysmal dilatation of the upper segment of the superior vena cava (SVC) without evidence of rupture, thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism. It was decided to treat the patient conservatively with follow-up imaging recommended., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest None declared., (Copyright © 2023 Medinews (Cardiology) Limited.)