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The article presents information about a study related to examining the reproducibility of recording centric jaw relationship (CJR) in edentulous patients using wax base plates and occlusal rims. CJR is defined as any position of the mandible on its retruded arc of closure. Five wearers of complete dentures with a mean age of 56.4 years were selected for the purpose of the study. The same CJR from one subject was remounted on the articulator five times and photographed on each occasion to determine the reproducibility of the mounting technique.

Several photographs depicting processes of partial dental restoration are presented, including diagnostic occlusal adjustment on the articulator, incisal guidance, and apical crest of the tissue.

A comparison has been made of the effects on the gingivae of occlusally and gingivally approaching clasps. The effect on the gingivae has been assessed by measuring plaque accumulation, crevicular temperature and microbial distribution in patients and students wearing appliances. Habitual and nil oral hygiene regimes have been used to demonstrate changes. It was concluded that the gingivally approaching clasp is potentially damaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A group of forty-five patients took part in a study to assess the effects of wearing partial dentures upon the accumulation of plaque in the mouth in the absence of oral hygiene. The wearing of a partial denture resulted in a significant increase in plaque accumulation and this increase was the result of a significant increase in both buccal and lingual plaque. Furthermore in a group of ten patients a small, but significant, increase in plaque occurred in the opposing arch during the wearing of the dentures. The accumulation of plaque on the buccal aspect of the teeth appeared unrelated to the type of denture worn. However, significantly more plaque accumulated on the lingual aspect of all the teeth in those patients wearing lower plate dentures as opposed to lower bar dentures. In the 3 day study periods only a small increase in plaque occurred on the palatal aspect of the upper anterior teeth not covered by any part of the partial denture and no significant increase occurred on the lingual aspect of the lower anterior teeth not covered by the partial denture. A highly significant increase occurred on the lingual aspect of lower anterior teeth covered by the lingual plate of the partial denture. Overall the wearing of a denture day and night resulted in more plaque accumulation compared with day only wearing of dentures. However considering the denture types this significant increase was not apparent in the lower plate dentures. The results provide further evidence of the potentially adverse effect partial dentures may have upon the supporting structures of the teeth when oral hygiene procedures carried out by the patient are inadequate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A review and evaluation of the literature on mastication has been undertaken. Part I discusses the form of the masticatory cycle in the natural and artificial dentitions, including the controversial question of whether tooth contact occurs during function. Part II reviews the literature concerning the speed of movement of the mandible, rate of chewing, and the forces developed in chewing. Part III describes masticatory efficiency and performance, the effect of food on masticatory function, and incorporates a summary of all these three papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a critique is presented on the speed of movement of the mandible, rate of chewing, forces developed in chewing. The speed of the masticatory movement is the speed developed by the mandible as it approaches or moves away from the maxilla. The rate or chewing is usually expressed as the time taken per chew or as the number of chews carried out in a known period of time usually 1 mm. The forces developed between the teeth are those produced in the normal chewing of foods and those that can be applied when a maximum biting load is applied without food being present.

Recently, the authors realized that an evaluation of the literature on mastication had never been undertaken, and it is hoped that this review presented in three parts, will be of value, not only to the dental clinician, but to other scientists working in associated fields. The first paper discusses the form of the masticatory cycle in the natural and artificial dentitions, including the controversial question of whether tooth contact occurs during function. The second paper reviews the literature concerning the speed of movement of the mandible, rate of chewing, and the forces developed in chewing. The final paper describes masticatory efficiency and performance, the effect of food on masticatory function, and incorporates a summary of all these three papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was made of the effect of wearing partial dentures upon plaque accumulation in a group of 24 partial denture wearers, when oral hygiene procedures were withdrawn. The modifying effect of a 1 % chlorhexidine gluconate gel on this plaque accumulation was measured. Plaque accumulation was measured at the end of four different denture-wearing regimens each 3 days in length. The wearing of a partial denture either day only or day and night, significantly increased plaque accumulation over not wearing a denture. There was no significant difference between plaque accumulation with day wear and day and night wear. The increase in plaque accumulation with day and night wear resulted from an equal and significant increase in both buccal and lingual plaque accumulation. Chlorhexidine gluconate in the form of a gel significantly reduced plaque accumulation during daytime wear. These results tend to confirm that plaque control is a major factor in determining the long-term effects of partial dentures upon the periodontal structures and emphasize the importance of oral hygiene in partial denture Wearers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sample of fifty-three partially dentate subjects who had partial dentures provided in the last 3 years completed a personality questionnaire (Cattell's 16 PFQ). At the same time they completed a clinical questionnaire and were examined by two of the authors. The purpose of this was to assess the patients' satisfaction with their partial dentures. The results of the personality questionnaire showed that this group of partial denture wearers differed from the general population on only two factors. They were less indulgent and more self-sufficient. Interestingly they differed from a similar group of complete denture wearers on a further three factors. The partial denture group were more self-assured, self-sufficient and more relaxed. On the basis of the clinical questonnaire and examination, five partially dentate patients were found to be dissatisfied. Their personality scores were significantly more unstable than the satisfied of partial wearers. Although based on a relatively small group, the results do suggest that personality may have a marked effect on the patients' adaption to partial dentures. When compared to a similar group of edentulous patients, marked differences were found, suggesting that the loss of the natural teeth in some individuals affects behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A survey of the dental condition of geriatric patients in Cardiff Hospitals is reported—252 patients were examined. A dental examination was carried out on each patient, the haemoglobin level noted, height and weight recorded and skinfold thickness measured. The prosthetic status of these patients is discussed. No correlation was evident between the incidence of anaemia and dissatisfaction with dentures, nor could any correlation be detected between the presence of diabetes and oral candida infections. There was no statistical difference in the nutritional status of those with and those without dentures. The survey indicates the large volume of treatment that is required by the elderly and outlines the categories for treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]