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1. A photon-interfaced ten qubit quantum network node

Author

Canteri, M., Koong, Z. X., Bate, J., Winkler, A., Krutyanskiy, V., and Lanyon, B. P.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

We entangle each individual matter-qubit in a register of ten to a separate travelling photon. The qubits are encoded in a string of cotrapped atomic ions. By switching the trap confinement, ions are brought one at a time into the waist of an optical cavity and emit a photon via a laser-driven cavity-mediated Raman transition. The result is a train of photonic-qubits, each near-maximally entangled by their polarisation with a different ion-qubit in the string. An average ion-photon Bell state fidelity of 92(1)% is achieved, for an average probability for detecting each single photon of 9.1(8)%. The technique is directly scalable to larger ion-qubit registers and opens up the near-term possibility of entangling distributed networks of trapped-ion quantum processors, sensing arrays and clocks.

Published
2024

2. Entanglement of trapped-ion qubits separated by 230 meters

Author

Krutyanskiy, V., Galli, M., Krcmarsky, V., Baier, S., Fioretto, D. A., Pu, Y., Mazloom, A., Sekatski, P., Canteri, M., Teller, M., Schupp, J., Bate, J., Meraner, M., Sangouard, N., Lanyon, B. P., and Northup, T. E.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

We report on an elementary quantum network of two atomic ions separated by 230 m. The ions are trapped in different buildings and connected with 520(2) m of optical fiber. At each network node, the electronic state of an ion is entangled with the polarization state of a single cavity photon; subsequent to interference of the photons at a beamsplitter, photon detection heralds entanglement between the two ions. Fidelities of up to $(88.2+2.3-6.0)\%$ are achieved with respect to a maximally entangled Bell state, with a success probability of $4 \times 10^{-5}$. We analyze the routes to improve these metrics, paving the way for long-distance networks of entangled quantum processors.

Published
2022
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6. Entanglement of Trapped-Ion Qubits Separated by 230 Meters

Author

Krutyanskiy, V., primary, Galli, M., additional, Krcmarsky, V., additional, Baier, S., additional, Fioretto, D. A., additional, Pu, Y., additional, Mazloom, A., additional, Sekatski, P., additional, Canteri, M., additional, Teller, M., additional, Schupp, J., additional, Bate, J., additional, Meraner, M., additional, Sangouard, N., additional, Lanyon, B. P., additional, and Northup, T. E., additional

Published
2023
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8. Nomogram predicting the probability of spontaneous stone passage in patients presenting with acute ureteric colic

Author

Gao, C, Peters, M, Kurver, P, Anbarasan, T, Jayaraajan, K, Manning, T, Cashman, S, Nambiar, A, Cumberbatch, M, Lamb, BW, Pickard, R, Erotocritou, P, Smith, D, Kasivisvanathan, V, Shah, TT, Abboudi, H, Abdelmoteleb, H, Abu Yousif, M, Acher, P, Adams, R, Ager, M, Ahmed, I, Ajayi, L, Akintimehin, A, Akman, J, Al Hayek, S, Al‐Dhahir, W, Al‐Qassim, Z, Al‐Shakhshir, S, Alberto, M, Ali Abdaal, C, Arya, M, Assaf, N, Ayres, B, Badgery, H, Bateman, K, Bdesha, A, Bedi, N, Begum, R, Belal, M, Biyani, CS, Bolton, D, Bultitude, M, Burge, F, Bycroft, J, Cameron, F, Campbell, A, Cannon, A, Carrie, A, Chappell, B, Chin, AOL, Chow, K, Christidis, D, Clements, J, Coode‐Bate, J, Cronbach, P, Curry, D, Dasgupta, R, Demirel, S, Derbyshire, L, Din, W, Docherty, E, Edison, E, Eldred‐Evans, D, Ellis, G, Evans, S, Foley, R, Frymann, R, Gallagher, M, Gowardhan, B, Graham, J, Graham, S, Gray, S, Grice, P, Gupta, S, Hamad, S, Hann, G, Harris, A, Hatem, E, Hawary, A, Hayat, Z, Hayne, D, Hegazy, M, Henderson, J, Hendry, J, Ho, C, Hughes‐Hallet, A, Hussain, A, Hussain, Z, Ibrahim, H, Irving, S, Ivin, N, Jaffer, A, Jalil, R, Kashora, F, Kavia, R, Kerr, L, Khadouri, S, Khan, A, Khan, M, Khan, S, Koschel, S, Kozan, AA, Kum, F, Kynaston, H, Laird, A, Lavan, L, Lawrentschuk, N, Lee, JCM, Lee, S, Liew, M, Mackenzie, K, Malki, M, Manson‐Bahr, D, Mason, H, Matanhelia, M, Maw, J, Mbuvi, J, Mc Cauley, N, Mc Grath, S, Mc Kay, AC, Mcilhenny, C, Miakhil, I, Miller, M, Mirza, AB, Morrison‐Jones, V, Morrow, J, Mosey, R, Murtagh, K, Natarajan, M, Nehikhare, Y, Ness, D, Ng, A, Ngweso, S, Nkwam, N, Nyandoro, M, Nzenza, T, O’ Brien, J, O’ Rourke, J, Olaniyi, P, Olivier, J, Osman, B, Oyekan, A, Pang, K, Pankhania, R, Parwaiz, I, Parys, B, Patterson, J, Pearce, I, Phipps, S, Premakumar, Y, Probert, JL, Quinlan, D, Ratan, H, Reid, K, Rezacova, M, Rezvani, S, Rodger, F, Rogers, A, Ross, D, Rowbotham, C, Rujancich, P, Ruljancich, P, Sadien, I, Sakthivel, A, Saleemi, A, Samsudin, A, Sandhu, S, Seaward, L, Sharma, A, Sharma, S, Shergill, I, Shetty, A, Shingles, C, Simmons, L, Simpson, R, Simson, N, Singh, H, Sriprasad, S, Stammeijer, R, Steen, C, Stewart, H, Stonier, T, Suraparaj, L, Swallow, D, Symes, A, Symes, R, Tailor, K, Tait, C, Tam, JP, Tay, J, Tay, LJ, Tregunna, R, Tudor, E, Udovichich, C, Umez‐Eronini, N, Wang, L, Ward, A, Weeratunga, G, Withington, J, Wong, C, Wozniak, S, Yassaie, O, and Young, M

Abstract

Objectives\ud \ud To develop a nomogram that could predict spontaneous stone passage (SSP) in patients presenting with acute ureteric colic who are suitable for conservative management.\ud \ud \ud \ud Patients and Methods\ud \ud A 2517 patient dataset was utilised from an international multicentre cohort study (MIMIC, A Multi-centre Cohort Study Evaluating the role of Inflammatory Markers In Patients Presenting with Acute Ureteric Colic) of patients presenting with acute ureteric colic across 71 secondary care hospitals in the UK, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand. Inclusion criteria mandated a non-contrast computed tomography of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. SSP was defined as the ‘absence of the need for intervention’. The model was developed using logistic regression and backwards selection (to achieve lowest Akaike's information criterion) in a subset from 2009–2015 (n = 1728) and temporally validated on a subset from 2016–2017 (n = 789).\ud \ud \ud \ud Results\ud \ud Of the 2517 patients, 1874 had SSP (74.5%). The mean (SD) age was 47 (14.7) years and 1892 were male (75.2%). At the end of the modelling process, gender: male (odds ratio [OR] 0.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64–1.01, P = 0.07), neutrophil count (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00–1.06, P = 0.08), hydronephrosis (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.59–1.05, P = 0.1), hydroureter (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.97–1.75, P = 0.08), stone size >5–7 mm (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.16–0.25, P 7 mm (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.08–0.15, P

Published
2022

10. Corrigendum to The delivery of antimicrobial stewardship competencies in United Kingdom pre-registration nurse education programmes: A national cross-sectional survey [Journal of Hospital Infection 121 (2022) 39 - 48]

Author

Courtenay, M., primary, Castro-Sánchez, E., additional, Gallagher, R., additional, Gould, D., additional, Hawker, C., additional, Hennefer, D., additional, Liptrott, C., additional, Cooper, D., additional, Smith, E.J., additional, Craig, R., additional, Halewood-Muse, G., additional, Aires, P., additional, Hinkin, J., additional, Holmes, A., additional, Ness, V., additional, Merriman, C., additional, Whatley, L., additional, Beresford, S., additional, Bate, J., additional, Jones, T., additional, Morrow, K., additional, Evans, P., additional, McLeod, S., additional, Sevenoaks, J.C., additional, Manning, S., additional, Cooper, R., additional, O'Reilly, S., additional, Ellis, E., additional, Nichols, A., additional, Fallon, D., additional, Okeah, B.O., additional, Huws, J., additional, Hale, A., additional, Underhill, L., additional, Buckley, A., additional, Codona, F., additional, Turner, J., additional, Monks, S., additional, and Salti, F.A., additional

Published
2022
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11. Delivery of antimicrobial stewardship competencies in UK pre-registration nurse education programmes: a national cross-sectional survey

Author

Courtenay, M., primary, Castro-Sánchez, E., additional, Gallagher, R., additional, Gould, D., additional, Hawker, C., additional, Hennefer, D., additional, Liptrott, C., additional, Cooper, D., additional, Smith, E.J., additional, Craig, R., additional, Halewood-Muse, G., additional, Aires, P., additional, Hinkin, J., additional, Holmes, A., additional, Ness, V., additional, Merriman, C., additional, Whatley, L., additional, Beresford, S., additional, Bate, J., additional, Jones, T., additional, Morrow, K., additional, Evans, P., additional, McLeod, S., additional, Sevenoaks, J.C., additional, Manning, S., additional, Cooper, R., additional, O'Reilly, S., additional, Ellis, E., additional, Nichols, A., additional, Fallon, D., additional, Okeah, B.O., additional, Huws, J., additional, Hale, A., additional, Underhill, L., additional, Buckley, A., additional, Codona, F., additional, Turner, J., additional, and Monks, S., additional

Published
2022
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15. Immune reconstitution in children following chemotherapy for acute leukemia

Author

Williams, AP, Bate, J, Brooks, R, Chisholm, J, Clarke, SC, Dixon, E, Faust, SN, Galanopoulou, A, Heath, PT, Maishman, T, Mapstone, S, Patel, SR, Vora, A, Wilding, SA, and Gray, JC

Abstract

Although survival rates for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia are now excellent, this is at the expense of prolonged chemotherapy regimens. We report the long-term immune effects in children treated according to the UK Medical Research Council UKALL 2003 protocol. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin levels were studied in 116 participants, at six time points, during and for 18-month following treatment, with 30-39 patients analyzed at each time point. Total lymphocytes were reduced during maintenance chemotherapy and remained low 18 months following treatment completion. CD4 T cells remained significantly reduced 18 months after treatment, but CD8 cells and natural killer cells recovered to normal values. The fall in naïve B-cell numbers during maintenance was most marked, but numbers recovered rapidly after cessation of treatment. Memory B cells, particularly nonclass-switched memory B cells, remained below normal levels 18 months following treatment. All immunoglobulin subclasses were reduced during treatment compared to normal values, with IgM levels most affected. This study demonstrates that immune reconstitution differs between lymphocyte compartments. Although total B-cell numbers recover rapidly, disruption of memory/naïve balance persists and T-cell compartment persist at 18 months. This highlights the impact of modern chemotherapy regimens on immunity, and thus, infectious susceptibility and response to immunization.

Published
2020

26. Factors associated with spontaneous stone passage in a contemporary cohort of patients presenting with acute ureteric colic: results from the Multi-centre cohort study evaluating the role of Inflammatory Markers In patients presenting with acute ureteric Colic (MIMIC) study

Author

Shah, TT, Gao, C, Peters, M, Manning, T, Cashman, S, Nambiar, A, Cumberbatch, M, Lamb, B, Peacock, A, Van Son, MJ, van Rossum, PSN, Pickard, R, Erotocritou, P, Smith, D, Kasivisvanathan, V, Abboudi, H, Abdelmoteleb, H, Abu Yousif, M, Acher, P, Adams, R, Ager, M, Ahmed, I, Ajayi, L, Akintimehin, A, Akman, J, Al Hayek, S, Al-Dhahir, W, Al-Qassim, Z, Al-Shakhshir, S, Alberto, M, Abdaal, AC, Arya, M, Assaf, N, Ayres, B, Badgery, H, Bateman, K, Bdesha, A, Bedi, N, Begum, R, Belal, M, Biyani, CS, Bolton, D, Bultitude, M, Burge, F, Bycroft, J, Cameron, F, Campbell, A, Cannon, A, Carrie, A, Chappell, B, Chin, AOL, Chow, K, Christidis, D, Clements, J, Coode-Bate, J, Cronbach, P, Curry, D, Dasgupta, R, Demirel, S, Derbyshire, L, Din, W, Docherty, E, Edison, E, Eldred-Evans, D, Ellis, G, Evans, S, Foley, R, Frymann, R, Gallagher, M, Gowardhan, B, Graham, J, Graham, S, Gray, S, Grice, P, Gupta, S, Hamad, S, Hann, GA, Hussain, Z, Ibrahim, H, Irving, S, Ivin, N, Jaffer, A, Jalil, R, Kashora, F, Kavia, R, Kerr, L, Khadouri, S, Khan, A, Khan, M, Khan, S, Koschel, S, Kozan, AA, Kum, F, Kynaston, H, Laird, A, Lavan, L, Lawrentschuk, N, Lee, JCM, Lee, S, Liew, M, Mackenzie, K, Malki, M, Manson-Bahr, D, Mason, H, Matanhelia, M, Maw, J, Mbuvi, J, Mc Cauley, N, McGrath, S, Mc Kay, AC, Mcilhenny, C, Miakhil, I, Miller, M, Mirza, AB, Morrison-Jones, V, Morrow, J, Mosey, R, Murtagh, K, Natarajan, M, Nehikhare, Y, Ness, D, Ng, A, Ngweso, S, Nkwam, N, Nyandoro, M, Nzenza, T, O'Brien, J, O'Rourke, J, Olaniyi, P, Olivier, J, Osman, B, Oyekan, A, Pang, K, Pankhania, R, Parwaiz, I, Parys, B, Patterson, J, Pearce, I, Phipps, S, Premakumar, Y, Probert, JL, Quinlan, D, Ratan, H, Reid, K, Rezacova, M, Rezvani, S, Rodger, F, Rogers, A, Ross, D, Rowbotham, C, Rujancich, P, Ruljancich, P, Sadien, I, Sakthivel, A, Saleemi, A, Samsudin, A, Sandhu, S, Seaward, L, Sharma, A, Sharma, S, Shergill, I, Shetty, A, Shingles, C, Simmons, L, Simpson, R, Simson, N, Singh, H, Sriprasad, S, Stammeijer, R, Steen, C, Stewart, H, Stonier, T, Suraparaj, L, Swallow, D, Symes, A, Symes, R, Tailor, K, Tait, C, Tam, JP, Tay, J, Tay, LJ, Tregunna, R, Tudor, E, Udovicich, C, Umez-Eronini, N, Wang, L, Ward, A, Weeratunga, G, Withington, J, Wong, C, Wozniak, S, Yassaie, O, Young, M, Shah, TT, Gao, C, Peters, M, Manning, T, Cashman, S, Nambiar, A, Cumberbatch, M, Lamb, B, Peacock, A, Van Son, MJ, van Rossum, PSN, Pickard, R, Erotocritou, P, Smith, D, Kasivisvanathan, V, Abboudi, H, Abdelmoteleb, H, Abu Yousif, M, Acher, P, Adams, R, Ager, M, Ahmed, I, Ajayi, L, Akintimehin, A, Akman, J, Al Hayek, S, Al-Dhahir, W, Al-Qassim, Z, Al-Shakhshir, S, Alberto, M, Abdaal, AC, Arya, M, Assaf, N, Ayres, B, Badgery, H, Bateman, K, Bdesha, A, Bedi, N, Begum, R, Belal, M, Biyani, CS, Bolton, D, Bultitude, M, Burge, F, Bycroft, J, Cameron, F, Campbell, A, Cannon, A, Carrie, A, Chappell, B, Chin, AOL, Chow, K, Christidis, D, Clements, J, Coode-Bate, J, Cronbach, P, Curry, D, Dasgupta, R, Demirel, S, Derbyshire, L, Din, W, Docherty, E, Edison, E, Eldred-Evans, D, Ellis, G, Evans, S, Foley, R, Frymann, R, Gallagher, M, Gowardhan, B, Graham, J, Graham, S, Gray, S, Grice, P, Gupta, S, Hamad, S, Hann, GA, Hussain, Z, Ibrahim, H, Irving, S, Ivin, N, Jaffer, A, Jalil, R, Kashora, F, Kavia, R, Kerr, L, Khadouri, S, Khan, A, Khan, M, Khan, S, Koschel, S, Kozan, AA, Kum, F, Kynaston, H, Laird, A, Lavan, L, Lawrentschuk, N, Lee, JCM, Lee, S, Liew, M, Mackenzie, K, Malki, M, Manson-Bahr, D, Mason, H, Matanhelia, M, Maw, J, Mbuvi, J, Mc Cauley, N, McGrath, S, Mc Kay, AC, Mcilhenny, C, Miakhil, I, Miller, M, Mirza, AB, Morrison-Jones, V, Morrow, J, Mosey, R, Murtagh, K, Natarajan, M, Nehikhare, Y, Ness, D, Ng, A, Ngweso, S, Nkwam, N, Nyandoro, M, Nzenza, T, O'Brien, J, O'Rourke, J, Olaniyi, P, Olivier, J, Osman, B, Oyekan, A, Pang, K, Pankhania, R, Parwaiz, I, Parys, B, Patterson, J, Pearce, I, Phipps, S, Premakumar, Y, Probert, JL, Quinlan, D, Ratan, H, Reid, K, Rezacova, M, Rezvani, S, Rodger, F, Rogers, A, Ross, D, Rowbotham, C, Rujancich, P, Ruljancich, P, Sadien, I, Sakthivel, A, Saleemi, A, Samsudin, A, Sandhu, S, Seaward, L, Sharma, A, Sharma, S, Shergill, I, Shetty, A, Shingles, C, Simmons, L, Simpson, R, Simson, N, Singh, H, Sriprasad, S, Stammeijer, R, Steen, C, Stewart, H, Stonier, T, Suraparaj, L, Swallow, D, Symes, A, Symes, R, Tailor, K, Tait, C, Tam, JP, Tay, J, Tay, LJ, Tregunna, R, Tudor, E, Udovicich, C, Umez-Eronini, N, Wang, L, Ward, A, Weeratunga, G, Withington, J, Wong, C, Wozniak, S, Yassaie, O, and Young, M

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship of white blood cell count (WBC) and other routinely collected inflammatory and clinical markers including stone size, stone position, and medical expulsive therapy use (MET), with spontaneous stone passage (SSP) in a large contemporary cohort of patients with acute ureteric colic, as there are conflicting data on the role of WBC and other inflammatory markers in SSP in patients with acute ureteric colic. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Multicentre retrospective cohort study coordinated by the British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST) Research Collaborative at 71 secondary care hospitals across four countries (UK, Republic of Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand). In all, 4170 patients presented with acute ureteric colic and a computed tomography confirmed single ureteric stone. Our primary outcome measure was SSP, as defined by the absence of need for intervention to assist stone passage (SP). Multivariable mixed effects logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between key patient factors and SSP. RESULTS: In all, 2518 patients were discharged with conservative management and had further follow-up with a SSP rate of 74% (n = 1874/2518). Sepsis after discharge with conservative management was reported in 0.6% (n = 16/2518). On multivariable analysis neither WBC, neutrophils count, nor C-reactive protein (CRP) predicted SSP, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.97 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91-1.04, P = 0.38), 1.06 (95% CI 0.99-1.13, P = 0.1) and 1.00 (95% CI 0.99-1.00, P = 0.17), respectively. MET also did not predict SSP (adjusted OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.76-1.61). However, stone size and stone position were significant predictors. SSP for stones <5 mm was 89% (95% CI 87-90) compared to 49% (95% CI 44-53) for stones ≥5-7 mm, and 29% (95% CI 23-36) for stones >7 mm. For stones in the upper ureter the SSP rate was 52% (95% CI 48-56), middle ureter was 70% (95% CI 64-76), and lower ureter was 83% (95% CI 81-85).

Published
2019

28. 637 - Medically expulsive therapy (MET) has no benefit in improving spontaneous stone passage (SSP) in patients presenting with acute ureteric colic: Results from the MIMIC study

Author

Shah, T.T., Gao, C., O’Keefe, A., Manning, T., Peacocke, A., Cashman, S., Nambiar, A., Ben, L., Cumberbatch, M., Ivin, N., Maw, J., Ali Abdaal, C., Al Hayek, S., Christidis, D., Bolton, D., Lawrentschuk, N., Khan, S., Demirel, S., Graham, S., Lee, J.C.M., Evans, S., Koschel, S., Badgery, H., Wang, L., Nzenza, T., Ruljancich, P., Begum, R., Hamad, S., Shetty, A., Swallow, D., Morrow, J., Curry, D., Young, M., Abboudi, H., Jalil, R., Dasgupta, R., Cameron, F., Shingles, C., Ho, C., Parwaiz, I., Henderson, J., Mackenzie, K., Reid, K., Umez-Eronini, N., Assaf, N., Oyekan, A., Sriprasad, S., Hayat, Z., Morrison-Jones, V., Steen, C., Alberto, M., Rujancich, P., Laird, A., Sharma, A., Phipps, S., Harris, A., Rogers, A., Ngweso, S., Nyandoro, M., Hayne, D., Hendry, J., Kerr, L., Mcilhenny, C., Rodger, F., Docherty, E., Ng, A., Seaward, L., Eldred-Evans, D., Bultitude, M., Abdelmoteleb, H., Hawary, A., Tregunna, R., Ibrahim, H., Mc Grath, S., O’Brien, J., Campbell, A., Cronbach, P., Bdesha, A., Suraparaj, L., Gupta, S., Tait, C., Sakthivel, A., Pankhania, R., Al-Qassim, Z., Rezacova, M., Edison, E., Sandhu, S., Foley, R., Akintimehin, A., Khan, A., Nkwam, N., Grice, P., Khan, M., Kashora, F., Manson-Bahr, D., Mc Cauley, N., Nehikhare, Y., Bycroft, J., Tailor, K., Saleemi, A., Al-Dhahir, W., Abu Yousif, M., O’Rourke, J., Chin, A.O.L., Pearce, I., Olivier, J., Tay, J., Cannon, A., Akman, J., Hussain, Z., Coode-Bate, J., Natarajan, M., Irving, S., Murtagh, K., Carrie, A., Miller, M., Malki, M., Burge, F., Ratan, H., Bedi, N., Kavia, R., Stonier, T., Simson, N., Singh, H., Hatem, E., Arya, M., Sadien, I., Miakhil, I., Sharma, S., Olaniyi, P., Stammeijer, R., Mason, H., Symes, A., Lavan, L., Rowbotham, C., Wong, C., Al-Shakhshir, S., Belal, M., Mc Kay, A.C., Graham, J., Simmons, L., Khadouri, S., Withington, J., Ajayi, L., Tay, L.J., Ward, A., Parys, B., Liew, M., Simpson, R., Ross, D., Adams, R., Mirza, A.B., Acher, P., Gallagher, M., Premakumar, Y., Ager, M., Ayres, B., Pang, K., Patterson, J., Kozan, A.A., Jaffer, A., Din, W., Biyani, C.S., Tam, J.P., Tudor, E., Probert, J.L., Matanhelia, M., Hegazy, M., Quinlan, D., Ness, D., Gowardhan, B., Bateman, K., Wozniak, S., Ellis, G., Smith, D., Derbyshire, L., Chow, K., Mosey, R., Osman, B., Kynaston, H., Clements, J., Hann, G., Gray, S., Yassaie, O., Weeratunga, G., Udovichich, C., Mbuvi, J., Stewart, H., Samsudin, A., Hughes-Hallet, A., Kum, F., Symes, R., Frymann, R., Chappell, B., Rezvani, S., Ahmed, I., Shergill, I., Lee, S., Hussain, A., Pickard, R., Erotocritou, P., and Kasivisvanathan, V.

Published
2018
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30. Biliary transporter gene mutations in severe intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: Diagnostic and management implications

Author

Yeap, S, Harley, H, Thompson, R, Williamson, K, Bate, J, Sethna, F, Farrell, G, and Hague, W

Subjects
Adult, Heterozygote, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Membrane Glycoproteins, DNA Mutational Analysis, Homozygote, Cholestasis, Intrahepatic, Twins, Monozygotic, Severity of Illness Index, Bile Acids and Salts, Pregnancy Complications, Phenotype, Treatment Outcome, Pregnancy, Mutation, Humans, Premature Birth, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Prospective Studies, Carrier Proteins, Live Birth, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11
Abstract

Background and Aims Clinical syndromes associated with biallelic mutations of bile acid (BA) transporters usually present in childhood. Subtle mutations may underlie intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and oral contraceptive steroid (OCS) induced cholestasis. In five women with identified genetic mutations of such transporters, with eight observed pregnancies complicated by ICP, we examined relationships between transporter mutations, clinical phenotypes, and treatment outcomes. Methods Gene mutation analysis for BA transporter deficiencies was performed using Next Generation/Sanger sequencing, with analysis for gene deletions/duplications. Results Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy was early‐onset (9–32 weeks gestation) and severe (peak BA 74–370 μmol/L), with premature delivery (28+1–370 weeks gestation) in 7/8 pregnancies, in utero passage of meconium in 4/8, but overall good perinatal outcomes, with no stillbirths. There was generally no response to ursodeoxycholic acid and variable responses to rifampicin and chelation therapies; naso‐biliary drainage appeared effective in 2/2 episodes persisting post‐partum in each of the two sisters. Episodic jaundice occurring spontaneously or provoked by non‐specific infections, and OCS‐induced cholestasis, had previously occurred in 3/5 women. Two cases showed biallelic heterozygosity for several ABCB11 mutations, one was homozygous for an ABCB4 mutation and a fourth case was heterozygous for another ABCB4 mutation. Conclusions Early‐onset or recurrent ICP, especially with previous spontaneous or OCS‐induced episodes of cholestasis and/or familial cholestasis, may be attributable to transporter mutations, including biallelic mutations of one or more transporters. Response to standard therapies for ICP is often incomplete; BA sequestering therapy or naso‐biliary drainage may be effective. Optimized management can produce good outcomes despite premature birth and evidence of fetal compromise.

Published
2018

32. Medically expulsive therapy (MET) has no benefit in improving spontaneous stone passage (SSP) in patients presenting with acute ureteric colic: Results from the MIMIC study

Author

Shah, T.T., primary, Gao, C., additional, O’Keefe, A., additional, Manning, T., additional, Peacocke, A., additional, Cashman, S., additional, Nambiar, A., additional, Ben, L., additional, Cumberbatch, M., additional, Ivin, N., additional, Maw, J., additional, Ali Abdaal, C., additional, Al Hayek, S., additional, Christidis, D., additional, Bolton, D., additional, Lawrentschuk, N., additional, Khan, S., additional, Demirel, S., additional, Graham, S., additional, Lee, J.C.M., additional, Evans, S., additional, Koschel, S., additional, Badgery, H., additional, Wang, L., additional, Nzenza, T., additional, Ruljancich, P., additional, Begum, R., additional, Hamad, S., additional, Shetty, A., additional, Swallow, D., additional, Morrow, J., additional, Curry, D., additional, Young, M., additional, Abboudi, H., additional, Jalil, R., additional, Dasgupta, R., additional, Cameron, F., additional, Shingles, C., additional, Ho, C., additional, Parwaiz, I., additional, Henderson, J., additional, Mackenzie, K., additional, Reid, K., additional, Umez-Eronini, N., additional, Assaf, N., additional, Oyekan, A., additional, Sriprasad, S., additional, Hayat, Z., additional, Morrison-Jones, V., additional, Steen, C., additional, Alberto, M., additional, Rujancich, P., additional, Laird, A., additional, Sharma, A., additional, Phipps, S., additional, Harris, A., additional, Rogers, A., additional, Ngweso, S., additional, Nyandoro, M., additional, Hayne, D., additional, Hendry, J., additional, Kerr, L., additional, Mcilhenny, C., additional, Rodger, F., additional, Docherty, E., additional, Ng, A., additional, Seaward, L., additional, Eldred-Evans, D., additional, Bultitude, M., additional, Abdelmoteleb, H., additional, Hawary, A., additional, Tregunna, R., additional, Ibrahim, H., additional, Mc Grath, S., additional, O’Brien, J., additional, Campbell, A., additional, Cronbach, P., additional, Bdesha, A., additional, Suraparaj, L., additional, Gupta, S., additional, Tait, C., additional, Sakthivel, A., additional, Pankhania, R., additional, Al-Qassim, Z., additional, Rezacova, M., additional, Edison, E., additional, Sandhu, S., additional, Foley, R., additional, Akintimehin, A., additional, Khan, A., additional, Nkwam, N., additional, Grice, P., additional, Khan, M., additional, Kashora, F., additional, Manson-Bahr, D., additional, Mc Cauley, N., additional, Nehikhare, Y., additional, Bycroft, J., additional, Tailor, K., additional, Saleemi, A., additional, Al-Dhahir, W., additional, Abu Yousif, M., additional, O’Rourke, J., additional, Chin, A.O.L., additional, Pearce, I., additional, Olivier, J., additional, Tay, J., additional, Cannon, A., additional, Akman, J., additional, Hussain, Z., additional, Coode-Bate, J., additional, Natarajan, M., additional, Irving, S., additional, Murtagh, K., additional, Carrie, A., additional, Miller, M., additional, Malki, M., additional, Burge, F., additional, Ratan, H., additional, Bedi, N., additional, Kavia, R., additional, Stonier, T., additional, Simson, N., additional, Singh, H., additional, Hatem, E., additional, Arya, M., additional, Sadien, I., additional, Miakhil, I., additional, Sharma, S., additional, Olaniyi, P., additional, Stammeijer, R., additional, Mason, H., additional, Symes, A., additional, Lavan, L., additional, Rowbotham, C., additional, Wong, C., additional, Al-Shakhshir, S., additional, Belal, M., additional, Mc Kay, A.C., additional, Graham, J., additional, Simmons, L., additional, Khadouri, S., additional, Withington, J., additional, Ajayi, L., additional, Tay, L.J., additional, Ward, A., additional, Parys, B., additional, Liew, M., additional, Simpson, R., additional, Ross, D., additional, Adams, R., additional, Mirza, A.B., additional, Acher, P., additional, Gallagher, M., additional, Premakumar, Y., additional, Ager, M., additional, Ayres, B., additional, Pang, K., additional, Patterson, J., additional, Kozan, A.A., additional, Jaffer, A., additional, Din, W., additional, Biyani, C.S., additional, Tam, J.P., additional, Tudor, E., additional, Probert, J.L., additional, Matanhelia, M., additional, Hegazy, M., additional, Quinlan, D., additional, Ness, D., additional, Gowardhan, B., additional, Bateman, K., additional, Wozniak, S., additional, Ellis, G., additional, Smith, D., additional, Derbyshire, L., additional, Chow, K., additional, Mosey, R., additional, Osman, B., additional, Kynaston, H., additional, Clements, J., additional, Hann, G., additional, Gray, S., additional, Yassaie, O., additional, Weeratunga, G., additional, Udovichich, C., additional, Mbuvi, J., additional, Stewart, H., additional, Samsudin, A., additional, Hughes-Hallet, A., additional, Kum, F., additional, Symes, R., additional, Frymann, R., additional, Chappell, B., additional, Rezvani, S., additional, Ahmed, I., additional, Shergill, I., additional, Lee, S., additional, Hussain, A., additional, Pickard, R., additional, Erotocritou, P., additional, and Kasivisvanathan, V., additional

Published
2018
Full Text
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33. Toxicity Of Interferon

Author

Scott, G. M., Secher, D. S., Flowers, D., Bate, J., Cantell, K., and Tyrrell, D. A. J.

Published
1981

34. Shelter

Author

Ramacami, Cuntara, Bate, J. Bernard, and Ramanujan, A. K.

Published
1992
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35. SHELTER

Author

Rāmasāmi, Sundara, Bate, J. Bernard, and Ramanujan, A. K.

Published
1992

38. Outcome of surgically treated octogenarians with breast cancer

Author

Tan, Lhm, Bate, J., McNamara, K., and Carmichael, A.

Subjects
Breast -- Surgery, Breast cancer -- Care and treatment -- Patient outcomes -- Demographic aspects -- Research, Ethnic, cultural, racial issues/studies, Social sciences, Women's issues/gender studies
Abstract

Byline: LHM. Tan, J. Bate, K. McNamara, A. Carmichael Context: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer in women worldwide and its incidence increases with increasing age. In an era of [...]

Published
2014

42. Strategic frontiers: the starting-point for innovative growth

Author

Bate, J. Douglas and Johnson, Robert E., Jr.

Subjects
Business success -- Management, Strategic planning (Business) -- Analysis, Company business management, Business, Business, general
Abstract

The significance of strategic management for chief executive officers, to attain organizational success, is examined.

Published
2005

43. Narrow-band imaging in the evaluation of villous morphology: a feasibility study assessing a simplified classification and observer agreement

Author

Bate J, M. Shetti, Rajvinder Singh, Nam Q. Nguyen, G. Nind, Biju George, Richard H. Holloway, Graeme Tucker, and William Tam

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Biopsy, Video Recording, Magnification, Sensitivity and Specificity, Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal, Medicine, Humans, In patient, Villous atrophy, Aged, Observer Variation, Reproducibility, Narrow-band imaging, medicine.diagnostic_test, Microvilli, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, Endoscopy, Celiac Disease, Feasibility Studies, Female, business, Nuclear medicine, Kappa
Abstract

Background and study aims: To determine the utility of narrow-band imaging with optical magnification (NBI-Z) in the evaluation of villous morphology. Patients and methods: Patients considered at risk of having celiac disease were invited. After standard endoscopy, they underwent further evaluation with NBI-Z which was digitally recorded. Targeted biopsies of each area videoed with NBI-Z were performed and tissue sent for histopathological analysis. Two expert endoscopists then selected the best representative videos (developmental phase). Next, 41 representative images of these videos were classified as follows: villous patterns present (N) or absent (A). Images showing absence of villi were then classified as cerebriform (C) or flat (F), corresponding to partial or total villous atrophy respectively. Three NBI-Z-naive endoscopists then graded the videos. They underwent an interactive training session (learning phase) with video and images from a digital library before embarking on the actual assessment. To test for reproducibility, all videos were randomly reordered and graded again after a week. Results: Forty-one videos (10 celiac disease, 31 normal) from 21 patients (3 celiac disease, 18 normal) were analyzed. The overall sensitivity and specificity in correctly distinguishing the presence or absence of villi were 93.3 % and 97.8 % respectively, with interobserver and intraobserver agreement (kappa, K ) at 0.82 and 0.86. The sensitivity and specificity in differentiating partial from total villous atrophy were 83.3 % and 100 %, κ at 0.73 and 0.68 respectively. Conclusions: Using a simplified classification, we demonstrated the feasibility of using NBI-Z to detect villous atrophy in patients presenting with suspected celiac disease.

Published
2010

46. The recession: problem or opportunity

Author

Bate, J. Douglas

Subjects
Business enterprises -- Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Business enterprises -- Planning, Recessions -- United States, Recessions -- Analysis, Recessions -- Influence, Company business planning, Business, Business, general, Women's issues/gender studies
Abstract

Business organizations' success during a recession is based on how management views the economic situation. The recession may be deemed as a setback or may be visualized as an opportunity that has to be grabbed for the organization. Suggestions on what management should do in the opportunity-creating or proactive approach are also highlighted.

Published
2009

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