28 results on '"Bassot S"'
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2. A Review of Possible Origins of the Uranium “Plume” in the Aquifer under the EPIC Site in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone
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Simonucci, C., Roux, C., Salle, C. Le Gal La, Verdoux, P., Ruas, A., Van Meir, N., Courbet, C., Bassot, S., Bugai, D., Levchuk, S., Kashparov, V., and Lancelot, J.
- Published
- 2013
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3. Groundwater residence time downgradient of Trench No. 22 at the Chernobyl Pilot Site: Constraints on hydrogeological aquifer functioning
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Le Gal La Salle, C., Aquilina, L., Fourre, E., Jean-Baptiste, P., Michelot, J.-L., Roux, C., Bugai, D., Labasque, T., Simonucci, C., Van Meir, N., Noret, A., Bassot, S., Dapoigny, A., Baumier, D., Verdoux, P., Stammose, D., and Lancelot, J.
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- 2012
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4. Experimental study of radon production and transport in an analogue for the Martian regolith
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Meslin, P.Y., Sabroux, J.C., Bassot, S., and Chassefière, E.
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- 2011
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5. Mononuclear U(IV) complexes and ningyoite as major uranium species in lake sediments
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Morin, G., primary, Mangeret, A., additional, Othmane, G., additional, Stetten, L., additional, Seder-Colomina, M., additional, Brest, J., additional, Ona-Nguema, G., additional, Bassot, S., additional, Courbet, C., additional, Guillevic, J., additional, Thouvenot, A., additional, Mathon, O., additional, Proux, O., additional, and Bargar, J.R., additional
- Published
- 2016
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6. Identification of geochemical processes in groundwater at the Chernobyl Pilot Site and preliminary contamination characterization with 36Cl/Cl ratios
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Roux, C., Le Gal La Salle, C., Simonucci, C., Bassot, S., Michelot, J.L., Fifield, L.K., Van Meir, N., Bugai, D., Lancelot, J., Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Etude des Transferts dans les Sols et le sous-sol (DEI/SARG/LETS), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dpt of Nuclear Physics, Australian National University (ANU), IGS, National Ukrainian Sciences Academia, Laboratoire de Géochimie Isotopique Environnementale (GIS) / Université de Nîmes (GIS), Université de Nîmes (UNIMES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Stockage géologique des déchets et les transferts dans les Sols (IRSN/DEI/SARG/LR2S)
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[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2011
7. Radium behaviour during ferric oxi-hydroxides ageing
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Bassot, S., primary, Stammose, D., additional, and Benitah, S., additional
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- 2005
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8. Activation of human platelets by C5a-stimulated neutrophils: a role for cathepsin G
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Ferrer-Lopez, P., primary, Renesto, P., additional, Schattner, M., additional, Bassot, S., additional, Laurent, P., additional, and Chignard, M., additional
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- 1990
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9. Immunohistochemical and virological features of HTLV-1-associated myosites: a study of 13 patients from West Indies and Africa
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Martin-Latil Sandra, Bassot Sylviane, Khun Huot, Cumont Marie-Christine, Huerre Michel, Wattel Eric, Mortreux Franck, Morin Anne-Sophie, Texeira Antonio, Chérin Patrick, Haroche Julien, Amoura Zahir, Lacour Arnaud, Papo Thomas, Marcorelles Pascale, Zagnoli Fabien, Penisson-Besnier Isabelle, Mikol Jacqueline, Polivka Marc, Hermine Olivier, Aouba Achille, Desrames Alexandra, Maisonobe Thierry, Cassar Olivier, Desdouits Marion, Taylor Graham, Gessain Antoine, Ozden Simona, and Ceccaldi Pierre-Emmanuel
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Published
- 2011
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10. Epidemiological determinants and PCR results in Central African inhabitants with a new and frequent HTLV indeterminate Western Blot pattern exhibiting mostly p28, p32, p36, and a shifted GD21
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Calattini Sara, Plancoulaine Sabine, Betsem Edouard, Bassot Sylviane, Filippone Claudia, and Gessain Antoine
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Published
- 2011
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11. Modes of transmission and genetic diversity of foamy viruses in a Macaca tonkeana colony
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Saib Ali, Bassot Sylviane, Schmitt Christine, Thierry Bernard, Wanert Fanélie, Calattini Sara, Herrenschmidt Nicolas, and Gessain Antoine
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Abstract Background Foamy viruses are exogenous complex retroviruses that are highly endemic in several animal species, including monkeys and apes, where they cause persistent infection. Simian foamy viral (SFV) infection has been reported in few persons occupationally exposed to non-human primates (NHP) in zoos, primate centers and laboratories, and recently in few hunters from central Africa. Most of the epidemiological works performed among NHP populations concern cross-sectional studies without long-term follow-up. Therefore, the exact timing and the modes of transmission of SFVs remain not well known, although sexual and oral transmissions have been suspected. We have conducted a longitudinal study in a free-breeding colony of Macaca tonkeana in order (1) to determine the prevalence of the infection by foamy viruses, (2) to characterize molecularly the viruses infecting such animals, (3) to study their genetic variability overtime by long-term follow-up of several DNA samples in a series of specific animals, and (4) to get new insights concerning the timing and the modes of SFVs primary infection in these monkeys by combining serology and molecular means, as well as studies of familial structures and long-term behavioral observations. Results/conclusion We first demonstrated that this colony was highly endemic for SFVs, with a clear increase of seroprevalence with age. Only 4.7% of immatures, and 43,7% of sub-adults were found seropositive, while 89.5% of adults exhibited antibodies directed against SFV. We further showed that 6 different strains of foamy viruses (exhibiting a very low intra-strain and overtime genetic variability in the integrase gene) are circulating within this group. This suggests a possible infection by different strains within an animal. Lastly, we provide strong evidence that foamy viruses are mostly acquired through severe bites, mainly in sub-adults or young adults. Most cases of seroconversion occur after 7 years of age; from this age individuals competed for access to sexual partners, thus increasing the likelihood of being wounded. Furthermore, all the serological and molecular data, obtained in this free-breeding colony, argue against a significant transmission of SFVs from mother or father to infants as well as between siblings.
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- 2006
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12. Discovery of a new human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-3) in Central Africa
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Mahieux Renaud, Froment Alain, Bassot Sylviane, Duprez Renan, Chevalier Sébastien, Calattini Sara, and Gessain Antoine
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Abstract Human T-cell Leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) are pathogenic retroviruses that infect humans and cause severe hematological and neurological diseases. Both viruses have simian counterparts (STLV-1 and STLV-2). STLV-3 belongs to a third group of lymphotropic viruses which infect numerous African monkeys species. Among 240 Cameroonian plasma tested for the presence of HTLV-1 and/or HTLV-2 antibodies, 48 scored positive by immunofluorescence. Among those, 27 had indeterminate western-blot pattern. PCR amplification of pol and tax regions, using HTLV-1, -2 and STLV-3 highly conserved primers, demonstrated the presence of a new human retrovirus in one DNA sample. tax (180 bp) and pol (318 bp) phylogenetic analyses demonstrated the strong relationships between the novel human strain (Pyl43) and STLV-3 isolates from Cameroon. The virus, that we tentatively named HTLV-3, originated from a 62 years old Bakola Pygmy living in a remote settlement in the rain forest of Southern Cameroon. The plasma was reactive on MT2 cells but was negative on C19 cells. The HTLV 2.4 western-blot exhibited a strong reactivity to p19 and a faint one to MTA-1. On the INNO-LIA strip, it reacted faintly with the generic p19 (I/II), but strongly to the generic gp46 (I/II) and to the specific HTLV-2 gp46. The molecular relationships between Pyl43 and STLV-3 are thus not paralleled by the serological results, as most of the STLV-3 infected monkeys have an "HTLV-2 like" WB pattern. In the context of the multiple interspecies transmissions which occurred in the past, and led to the present-day distribution of the PTLV-1, it is thus very tempting to speculate that this newly discovered human retrovirus HTLV-3 might be widespread, at least in the African continent.
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- 2005
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13. Silicon isotope ratio measurements by inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry for alteration studies of nuclear waste glasses.
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Gourgiotis A, Ducasse T, Barker E, Jollivet P, Gin S, Bassot S, and Cazala C
- Abstract
High-level, long-lived nuclear waste arising from spent fuel reprocessing is vitrified in silicate glasses for final disposal in deep geologic formations. In order to better understand the mechanisms driving glass dissolution, glass alteration studies, based on silicon isotope ratio monitoring of
29 Si-doped aqueous solutions, were carried out in laboratories. This work explores the capabilities of the new type of quadrupole-based ICP-MS, the Agilent 8800 tandem quadrupole ICP-MS/MS, for accurate silicon isotope ratio determination for alteration studies of nuclear waste glasses. In order to avoid silicon polyatomic interferences, a new analytical method was developed using O2 as the reaction gas in the Octopole Reaction System (ORS), and silicon isotopes were measured in mass-shift mode. A careful analysis of the potential polyatomic interferences on SiO+ and SiO2 + ion species was performed, and we found that SiO+ ion species suffer from important polyatomic interferences coming from the matrix of sample and standard solutions (0.5M HNO3 ). For SiO2 + , no interferences were detected, and thus, these ion species were chosen for silicon isotope ratio determination. A number of key settings for accurate isotope ratio analysis like, detector dead time, integration time, number of sweeps, wait time offset, memory blank and instrumental mass fractionation, were considered and optimized. Particular attention was paid to the optimization of abundance sensitivity of the quadrupole mass filter before the ORS. We showed that poor abundance sensitivity leads to a significant shift of the data away from the Exponential Mass Fractionation Law (EMFL) due to the spectral overlaps of silicon isotopes combined with different oxygen isotopes (i.e.28 Si16 O18 O+ ,30 Si16 O16 O+ ). The developed method was validated by measuring a series of reference solutions with different29 Si enrichment. Isotope ratio trueness, uncertainty and repeatability were found to be <0.2%, <0.5% and <0.6%, respectively. These performances meet the requirements of the studies of nuclear glasses alteration and open up possibilities to use this method for precise determination of silicon content in natural samples by Isotope Dilution., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2017
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14. Estimation of sedimentation rates based on the excess of radium 228 in granitic reservoir sediments.
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Reyss JL, Mangeret A, Courbet C, Bassot S, Alcalde G, Thouvenot A, and Guillevic J
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- Silicon Dioxide, Geologic Sediments chemistry, Models, Chemical, Radium analysis, Water Pollutants, Radioactive analysis
- Abstract
Knowledge of sedimentation rates in lakes is required to understand and quantify the geochemical processes involved in scavenging and remobilization of contaminants at the Sediment-Water Interface (SWI). The well-known
210 Pb excess (210 Pbex ) method cannot be used for quantifying sedimentation rates in uranium-enriched catchments, as large amounts of210 Pb produced by weathering and human activities may dilute the atmospheric210 Pb. As an alternative dating method in these cases, we propose an original method based on232 Th decay series nuclides. This study focuses on an artificial lake located in a granitic catchment downstream from a former uranium mine site. The exponential decay of228 Ra excess (228 Raex ) with depth in two long cores yields sedimentation rates of 2.4 and 5.2 cm yr-1 respectively. These sedimentation rates lead to the attribution of the137 Cs activity peak observed at depth to the Chernobyl fallout event of 1986. The228 Raex method was also applied to two short cores which did not display the137 Cs peak, and mean sedimentation rates of 2.1 and 4.0 cm y-1 were deduced. The proposed method may replace the classical radiochronological methods (210 Pbex ,137 Cs) to determine sedimentation rates in granitic catchments., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2016
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15. A Severe Bite From a Nonhuman Primate Is a Major Risk Factor for HTLV-1 Infection in Hunters From Central Africa.
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Filippone C, Betsem E, Tortevoye P, Cassar O, Bassot S, Froment A, Fontanet A, and Gessain A
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- Adult, Animals, Antibodies, Viral blood, Blotting, Western, Cameroon epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Bites and Stings complications, HTLV-I Infections epidemiology, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Primates
- Abstract
Background: HTLV-1 infection is endemic to Central African populations. The risk factors for HTLV-1 acquisition in humans via the interspecies transmission of STLV-1 (its simian counterpart) remain largely unknown., Methods: We studied 269 individuals (254 men, 15 women) bitten by a nonhuman primate (NHP), mostly during hunting activities. These, Pygmies and Bantus, living in the southern Cameroonian rainforest, were matched for sex, age, and ethnicity with individuals from the same settlements reporting no NHP bites. HTLV-1 serology was performed by Western blot on plasma samples. PCR was carried out for HTLV-1 provirus on buffy-coat DNAs. The amplified products were sequenced and analyzed by phylogenetic analyses., Results: HTLV-1 prevalence was 8.6% (23/269) in individuals with bites, vs 1.5% (4/269) in matched controls (P < .001). Moreover, HTLV-1 infection was linked to bite severity. The 23 HTLV-1-positive bitten individuals reported being bitten by a gorilla (17), chimpanzee (3), or small monkey (3). Thirteen (56%) were coinfected with a simian foamy virus known to be acquired through severe bites. Mother-to-child infection was excluded in 6 HTLV-1-infected bitten individuals. All the HTLV-1-positive hunters bitten by a gorilla or chimpanzee were infected with a subtype B strain similar to that present in apes from the same area. Two hunters bitten by small monkeys (C. agilis in one case) were infected with a HTLV-1 subtype F strain very similar to the STLV-1 strains present in such monkeys., Conclusions: These results strongly suggest ongoing direct zoonotic acquisition of STLV-1 in humans through severe NHP bites during hunting activities., (© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2015
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16. High (36)Cl/Cl ratios in Chernobyl groundwater.
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Roux C, Le Gal La Salle C, Simonucci C, Van Meir N, Fifield LK, Diez O, Bassot S, Simler R, Bugai D, Kashparov V, and Lancelot J
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- Ukraine, Water Movements, Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Chlorine analysis, Groundwater analysis, Radiation Monitoring, Radioisotopes analysis, Soil Pollutants, Radioactive analysis, Water Pollutants, Radioactive analysis
- Abstract
After the explosion of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in April 1986, contaminated material was buried in shallow trenches within the exclusion zone. A (90)Sr plume was evidenced downgradient of one of these trenches, trench T22. Due to its conservative properties, (36)Cl is investigated here as a potential tracer to determine the maximal extent of the contamination plume from the trench in groundwater. (36)Cl/Cl ratios measured in groundwater, trench soil water and leaf leachates are 1-5 orders of magnitude higher than the theoretical natural (36)Cl/Cl ratio. This contamination occurred after the Chernobyl explosion and currently persists. Trench T22 acts as an obvious modern point source of (36)Cl, however other sources have to be involved to explain such contamination. (36)Cl contamination of groundwater can be explained by dilution of trench soil water by uncontaminated water (rainwater or deep groundwater). With a plume extending further than that of (90)Sr, radionuclide which is impacted by retention and decay processes, (36)Cl can be considered as a suitable tracer of contamination from the trench in groundwater provided that modern release processes of (36)Cl from trench soil are better characterized., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2014
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17. A new and frequent human T-cell leukemia virus indeterminate Western blot pattern: epidemiological determinants and PCR results in central African inhabitants.
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Filippone C, Bassot S, Betsem E, Tortevoye P, Guillotte M, Mercereau-Puijalon O, Plancoulaine S, Calattini S, and Gessain A
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- Adolescent, Adult, Africa, Central epidemiology, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Leukemia, T-Cell virology, Male, Middle Aged, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Young Adult, Antibodies, Viral blood, Blotting, Western methods, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 immunology, Human T-lymphotropic virus 2 immunology, Leukemia, T-Cell epidemiology
- Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) indeterminate Western blot (WB) serological patterns are frequently observed in plasma/serum from persons living in intertropical areas. In the framework of ongoing projects on HTLV-1/2 and related viruses in Central Africa, we systematically analyzed plasma from villagers living in South Cameroon by WB. The group included 1,968 individuals (mean age, 44 years; age range, 5 to 90 years; 978 women/990 men), both Bantus (1,165) and Pygmies (803). Plasma samples were tested by WB analysis (MPD HTLV Blot 2.4) and interpreted according to the manufacturer's instructions. Only clear bands were considered in the analysis. Among the 1,968 plasma samples, 38 (1.93%) were HTLV-1, 13 (0.66%) were HTLV-2, and 6 (0.3%) were HTLV WB seropositive. Furthermore, 1,292 (65.65%) samples were WB sero-indeterminate, including 104 (5.28%) with an HTLV-1 Gag-indeterminate pattern (HGIP) and 68 (3.45%) with a peculiar yet unreported pattern exhibiting mostly a strong shifted GD21 and a p28. The other 619 (31.45%) samples were either WB negative or exhibited other patterns, mostly with unique p19 or p24 bands. DNA, extracted from peripheral blood buffy coat, was subjected to PCR using several primer pairs known to detect HTLV-1/2/3/4. Most DNAs from HTLV-1- and HTLV-seropositive individuals were PCR positive. In contrast, all the others, from persons with HTLV-2, HGIP, new WB, and other indeterminate patterns, were PCR negative. Epidemiological determinant analysis of the persons with this new peculiar WB pattern revealed that seroprevalence was independent from age, sex, or ethnicity, thus resembling the indeterminate profile HGIP rather than HTLV-1. Moreover, this new pattern persists over time.
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- 2012
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18. Divergent KSHV/HHV-8 subtype D strains in New Caledonia and Solomon Islands, Melanesia.
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Cassar O, Charavay F, Bassot S, Plancoulaine S, Grangeon JP, Laumond-Barny S, Martin PM, Chanteau S, and Gessain A
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Viral blood, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Viral blood, DNA, Viral chemistry, Female, Herpesviridae Infections epidemiology, Herpesvirus 8, Human classification, Herpesvirus 8, Human genetics, Herpesvirus 8, Human immunology, Humans, Male, Melanesia epidemiology, Middle Aged, Phylogeny, Herpesviridae Infections virology, Herpesvirus 8, Human isolation & purification
- Abstract
Background: KSHV/HHV-8 is the etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma and most multicentric Castleman's disease cases. KSHV exhibits a high genetic variability comprising five genotypes (A-E). Few data are yet available concerning the situation of KSHV, its genetic variability and the associated diseases in Melanesia., Objectives: We performed a study on 626 natives Melanesians from New Caledonia and Vanikoro Island to evaluate KSHV seroprevalence and characterize molecularly the viral strains., Study Design: Plasma from 343 males and 283 females (age range: 15-86 years, mean age: 60) were tested for KSHV latent antibodies by an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using BC-3 cells. DNAs extracted from peripheral blood buffy-coat of KSHV seropositive individuals were amplified to obtain a 737-bp fragment of the ORF-K1 gene. Phylogenetic analyses were then performed., Results: Among 626 samples, 148 were IFA positive (dilution≥1:80). The overall seroprevalence was 23.6% (25.2% in New Caledonia, 17.5% in Vanikoro). Fifteen (8 men and 7 women, mean age 69 years) out of 148 DNA samples were found PCR positive. All ORF-K1 sequences belonged to KSHV genotype D. A geographic clustering according to the island of origin of KSHV infected persons was clearly observed with sequences from New Caledonia clustering with most Vanuatu strains., Conclusions: New Caledonia and Vanikoro are endemic for KSHV with a high diversity of genotype D variants. These strains were probably introduced into New Caledonia during multiple waves of migrations of Melanesian and Polynesian individuals that have colonized this archipelago., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2012
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19. Multiple retroviral infection by HTLV type 1, 2, 3 and simian foamy virus in a family of Pygmies from Cameroon.
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Calattini S, Betsem E, Bassot S, Chevalier SA, Tortevoye P, Njouom R, Mahieux R, Froment A, and Gessain A
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cameroon epidemiology, Child, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Pedigree, Phylogeny, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 1 classification, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 1 genetics, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 2 classification, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 2 genetics, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 3 classification, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 3 genetics, Retroviridae Infections epidemiology, Simian foamy virus classification, Simian foamy virus genetics, Young Adult, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 1 isolation & purification, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 2 isolation & purification, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 3 isolation & purification, Retroviridae Infections transmission, Retroviridae Infections virology, Simian foamy virus isolation & purification
- Abstract
To better understand the origins and modes of transmission of HTLV-3 and to search for other retroviral infections (HTLV-1, HTLV-2, foamy viruses), we studied the family of a HTLV-3-infected individual (Pyl43), from Cameroon. Thirty-five persons were included. All adult men were still actively hunting nonhuman primates (NHP). All women were also butchering and cutting-up animals. Five persons reported a bite by an NHP. While HTLV-3 infection was only found in Pyl43, HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections were found, respectively, in 5 and 9 persons with one being co-infected by both retroviruses. Phylogenetic analysis suggested intra-familial transmission of HTLV-1 subtypes B and D and HTLV-2. One man was infected by a chimpanzee foamy virus, acquired probably 45 years ago, through a bite. Acquisition of retroviral infections still occurs in central Africa involving to various extent not only intra-familial transmission for HTLV-1/HTLV-2 but also direct interspecies transmission from NHP for foamy virus and possibly for HTLV-1 and HTLV-3., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
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20. Human herpesvirus 8, Southern Siberia.
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Cassar O, Bassot S, Plancoulaine S, Quintana-Murci L, Harmant C, Gurtsevitch V, Senyuta NB, Yakovleva LS, de The G, and Gessain A
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Viral blood, Female, Herpesvirus 8, Human classification, Herpesvirus 8, Human immunology, Herpesvirus 8, Human isolation & purification, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Prevalence, Sarcoma, Kaposi virology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Siberia epidemiology, Herpesvirus 8, Human genetics, Molecular Epidemiology, Sarcoma, Kaposi epidemiology
- Published
- 2010
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21. New strain of human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type 3 in a Pygmy from Cameroon with peculiar HTLV serologic results.
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Calattini S, Betsem E, Bassot S, Chevalier SA, Mahieux R, Froment A, and Gessain A
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- Adult, Blotting, Western, Cameroon, Deltaretrovirus immunology, Deltaretrovirus isolation & purification, Deltaretrovirus Infections blood, Ethnicity, Female, HTLV-I Infections virology, HTLV-II Infections virology, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 genetics, Human T-lymphotropic virus 2 genetics, Humans, Immunoassay, Male, Middle Aged, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Retroviridae Proteins blood, Viral Load, Viremia, Deltaretrovirus classification, Deltaretrovirus genetics, Deltaretrovirus Infections virology, Retroviridae Proteins genetics
- Abstract
A search for human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) types 1 and 2 and related viruses was performed by serological and molecular means on samples obtained from 421 adult villagers from the southern Cameroon forest areas. One individual (a 56-year-old Baka Pygmy hunter) was found to be HTLV-3 infected; however, there was a low proviral load in blood cells. Complete sequence analysis of this virus (HTLV-3Lobak18) indicated a close relationship to human HTLV-3Pyl43 and simian STLV-3CTO604 strains. Plasma samples from Lobak18, the HTLV-3 infected individual, exhibited a peculiar "HTLV-2-like" pattern on Western blot analysis and were serologically untypeable by line immunoassay. These results were different from those for the 2 previously reported HTLV-3 strains, raising questions about serological confirmation of infection with such retroviruses.
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- 2009
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22. Novel human herpesvirus 8 subtype D strains in Vanuatu, Melanesia.
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Cassar O, Afonso PV, Bassot S, Plancoulaine S, Duprez R, Capuano C, Abel M, Martin PM, and Gessain A
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Viral blood, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Fluorescent Antibody Technique methods, Genetic Variation genetics, Herpesviridae Infections blood, Herpesviridae Infections epidemiology, Herpesvirus 8, Human genetics, Humans, Infant, Male, Melanesia epidemiology, Middle Aged, Pedigree, Phylogeny, Sarcoma, Kaposi blood, Sarcoma, Kaposi epidemiology, Viral Proteins genetics, Endemic Diseases, Herpesviridae Infections virology, Herpesvirus 8, Human classification, Sarcoma, Kaposi virology
- Abstract
We show human herpesvirus 8 with diverse molecular subtype D variants to be highly endemic among the Ni-Vanuatu population. Most K1 genes were nearly identical to Polynesian strains, although a few clustered with Australian or Taiwanese strains. These results suggest diverse origins of the Ni-Vanuatu population and raise questions about the ancient human population movements in Melanesia.
- Published
- 2007
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23. Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 subtype C melanesian genetic variants of the Vanuatu Archipelago and Solomon Islands share a common ancestor.
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Cassar O, Capuano C, Bassot S, Charavay F, Duprez R, Afonso PV, Abel M, Walter H, Mera W, Martin PM, Chungue E, and Gessain A
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- Adolescent, Adult, Agglutination, Biological Evolution, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Gene Products, env genetics, Genetic Variation, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 classification, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Male, Melanesia epidemiology, Middle Aged, Pedigree, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rural Population, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Species Specificity, Vanuatu epidemiology, HTLV-I Antibodies blood, HTLV-I Infections epidemiology, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 genetics, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 immunology, Molecular Epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Melanesia is endemic for human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) subtype C. In 2005, we identified 4 infected women from Ambae Island, Vanuatu. Subsequently, 4247 Ni-Vanuatu originating from 18 islands were enrolled to define HTLV-1 epidemiological determinants and to characterize the viral strains molecularly., Methods: Plasma from 1074 males and 3173 females were screened for HTLV-1/2 antibodies by particle agglutination (PA) and an immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Positive and/or borderline samples were then tested by a Western blot (WB) confirmatory assay. DNAs were amplified to obtain a 522-bp env gene fragment. Phylogenetic and molecular-clock analyses were performed., Results: Of 4247 samples, 762 were positive and/or borderline by IFA/PA, and 26 of them were confirmed to be HTLV-1 positive by WB. The overall HTLV-1 seroprevalence was 0.62%. Viral transmission was found within families of infected index case patients. A geographic heterogeneity of HTLV-1 seroprevalence was observed among the islands. All 41 of the new env sequences belonged to HTLV-1 subtype C. Phylogenetic and molecular-clock analyses suggested that Ni-Vanuatu and Solomon Islander strains emerged from a common ancestor ~10,000 years ago., Conclusion: The Vanuatu archipelago is endemic for HTLV-1 with a diversity of subtype C variants. These strains were probably introduced into Vanuatu during ancient migration of the original settlers a few thousand years ago.
- Published
- 2007
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24. Cutaneous disseminated endemic Kaposi's sarcoma in a Polynesian man infected with a new divergent human herpesvirus 8 subtype D.
- Author
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Duprez R, Cassar O, Hbid O, Rougier Y, Morisse L, Bassot S, Huerre M, and Gessain A
- Subjects
- Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Viral analysis, Herpesvirus 8, Human immunology, Humans, Male, Phylogeny, Polynesia, Sarcoma, Kaposi immunology, Skin Neoplasms pathology, Herpesvirus 8, Human genetics, Sarcoma, Kaposi pathology, Sarcoma, Kaposi virology, Skin Neoplasms virology
- Published
- 2006
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- View/download PDF
25. Modes of transmission and genetic diversity of foamy viruses in a Macaca tonkeana colony.
- Author
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Calattini S, Wanert F, Thierry B, Schmitt C, Bassot S, Saib A, Herrenschmidt N, and Gessain A
- Subjects
- Animals, Bites and Stings veterinary, Bites and Stings virology, Disease Transmission, Infectious veterinary, Female, Giant Cells cytology, Giant Cells virology, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical veterinary, Integrases genetics, Macaca injuries, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Retroviridae Infections transmission, Retroviridae Infections virology, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Spumavirus classification, Spumavirus pathogenicity, Genes, Viral, Genetic Variation, Macaca virology, Monkey Diseases transmission, Monkey Diseases virology, Retroviridae Infections veterinary, Spumavirus genetics
- Abstract
Background: Foamy viruses are exogenous complex retroviruses that are highly endemic in several animal species, including monkeys and apes, where they cause persistent infection. Simian foamy viral (SFV) infection has been reported in few persons occupationally exposed to non-human primates (NHP) in zoos, primate centers and laboratories, and recently in few hunters from central Africa. Most of the epidemiological works performed among NHP populations concern cross-sectional studies without long-term follow-up. Therefore, the exact timing and the modes of transmission of SFVs remain not well known, although sexual and oral transmissions have been suspected. We have conducted a longitudinal study in a free-breeding colony of Macaca tonkeana in order (1) to determine the prevalence of the infection by foamy viruses, (2) to characterize molecularly the viruses infecting such animals, (3) to study their genetic variability overtime by long-term follow-up of several DNA samples in a series of specific animals, and (4) to get new insights concerning the timing and the modes of SFVs primary infection in these monkeys by combining serology and molecular means, as well as studies of familial structures and long-term behavioral observations., Results/conclusion: We first demonstrated that this colony was highly endemic for SFVs, with a clear increase of seroprevalence with age. Only 4.7% of immatures, and 43,7% of sub-adults were found seropositive, while 89.5% of adults exhibited antibodies directed against SFV. We further showed that 6 different strains of foamy viruses (exhibiting a very low intra-strain and overtime genetic variability in the integrase gene) are circulating within this group. This suggests a possible infection by different strains within an animal. Lastly, we provide strong evidence that foamy viruses are mostly acquired through severe bites, mainly in sub-adults or young adults. Most cases of seroconversion occur after 7 years of age; from this age individuals competed for access to sexual partners, thus increasing the likelihood of being wounded. Furthermore, all the serological and molecular data, obtained in this free-breeding colony, argue against a significant transmission of SFVs from mother or father to infants as well as between siblings.
- Published
- 2006
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26. Discovery of a new human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-3) in Central Africa.
- Author
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Calattini S, Chevalier SA, Duprez R, Bassot S, Froment A, Mahieux R, and Gessain A
- Subjects
- Animals, Blotting, Western, Cameroon, Cell Line, DNA, Viral blood, Deltaretrovirus genetics, Deltaretrovirus Infections virology, Gene Products, pol genetics, Gene Products, tax genetics, Humans, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 3, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Deltaretrovirus classification, Deltaretrovirus isolation & purification
- Abstract
Human T-cell Leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) are pathogenic retroviruses that infect humans and cause severe hematological and neurological diseases. Both viruses have simian counterparts (STLV-1 and STLV-2). STLV-3 belongs to a third group of lymphotropic viruses which infect numerous African monkeys species. Among 240 Cameroonian plasma tested for the presence of HTLV-1 and/or HTLV-2 antibodies, 48 scored positive by immunofluorescence. Among those, 27 had indeterminate western-blot pattern. PCR amplification of pol and tax regions, using HTLV-1, -2 and STLV-3 highly conserved primers, demonstrated the presence of a new human retrovirus in one DNA sample. tax (180 bp) and pol (318 bp) phylogenetic analyses demonstrated the strong relationships between the novel human strain (Pyl43) and STLV-3 isolates from Cameroon. The virus, that we tentatively named HTLV-3, originated from a 62 years old Bakola Pygmy living in a remote settlement in the rain forest of Southern Cameroon. The plasma was reactive on MT2 cells but was negative on C19 cells. The HTLV 2.4 western-blot exhibited a strong reactivity to p19 and a faint one to MTA-1. On the INNO-LIA strip, it reacted faintly with the generic p19 (I/II), but strongly to the generic gp46 (I/II) and to the specific HTLV-2 gp46. The molecular relationships between Pyl43 and STLV-3 are thus not paralleled by the serological results, as most of the STLV-3 infected monkeys have an "HTLV-2 like" WB pattern. In the context of the multiple interspecies transmissions which occurred in the past, and led to the present-day distribution of the PTLV-1, it is thus very tempting to speculate that this newly discovered human retrovirus HTLV-3 might be widespread, at least in the African continent.
- Published
- 2005
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27. Identification of dengue sequences by genomic amplification: rapid diagnosis of dengue virus serotypes in peripheral blood.
- Author
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Deubel V, Laille M, Hugnot JP, Chungue E, Guesdon JL, Drouet MT, Bassot S, and Chevrier D
- Subjects
- Base Sequence, Blotting, Northern methods, Blotting, Southern methods, Dengue blood, Dengue Virus classification, Dengue Virus genetics, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Oligonucleotide Probes, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, RNA, Viral genetics, RNA, Viral isolation & purification, Serotyping, Dengue Virus isolation & purification, Genes, Viral
- Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for the in vitro amplification of dengue virus RNA via cDNA. A fraction of the N-terminus gene of the envelope protein in the four dengue serotypes was amplified using synthetic oligonucleotide primer pairs. Amplified products were cloned and used as dengue type-specific probes in gel electrophoresis and dot-blot hybridization. We detected and characterized dengue virus serotypes in blood samples by the three-step procedure DNA-PAH consisting in cDNA priming (P), DNA amplification (A) and hybridization (H) using specific non-radiolabelled probes. Our findings showed that DNA-PAH was more rapid and sensitive in the identification of the infecting serotype than the mosquito cell cultures. Moreover, the failure of cultures to detect virus particles in sera containing few copies of viral genome or anti-dengue antibodies justified the approach of DNA-PAH to the dengue identification in clinical specimens.
- Published
- 1990
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28. In vivo effects of ovalbumin-conjugated muramyl peptides on the anti-ovalbumin IgE and IgG responses in mice.
- Author
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Prouvost-Danon A, Bahr GM, Chedid L, Ekwalanga M, and Bassot S
- Subjects
- Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine analogs & derivatives, Animals, Antibodies analysis, Antibody Formation drug effects, Cytoplasmic Granules drug effects, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Immunization, Male, Mast Cells ultrastructure, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred DBA, Time Factors, Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine immunology, Immunoglobulin E biosynthesis, Immunoglobulin G biosynthesis, Ovalbumin immunology
- Abstract
The effects of pretreatments of BALB/c mice with several conjugates of MDP and MDP-Lys to ovalbumin before immunization with ovalbumin (OA) were tested on the anti-OA IgE responses. Pretreatment with MDP-Lys-OA, but not with MDP-OA, induced an inhibition of the anti-OA primary and secondary responses, as measured by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) and also by mast cell degranulation. The inhibition by pretreatment with MDP-Lys-OA was obtained whether it was administered in Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) or in saline. This IgE suppression was accompanied by an enhancement of IgG2a and IgG2b anti-OA antibodies, with no change in the specific IgG1 levels. Loss of antigenicity of OA, detected by the lack of degranulation of peritoneal mast cells sensitized by IgE anti-OA, was observed in the MDP-Lys-OA but not in the MDP-OA conjugates. This loss of antigenicity appears to correlate with the ability of the conjugate to induce suppression of the specific IgE response.
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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