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This community service aims to transfer the technology of making Liquid Organic Fertilizer (POC) based on Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB) for the Eran Batu Farmer Group in Pekalobean Village, Enrekang Regency. The method of implementing this community service uses Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). This program consists of several stages: (1) Socialization and training, (2) Practice of making POC, (3) Implementation of a demonstration plot for planting yard vegetables, (4) Counseling on product effectiveness, (5) Assistance in product marketing, and (6) Monitoring and evaluation of the program. The results of the community service showed a significant increase in participant knowledge and skills. Pre-test and post-test analysis showed an increase in understanding of 42.59%, with an average score increasing from 68.73 to 98.00. The practice of making POC achieved a success rate of 90%, with 95% of participants reporting a significant increase in independent production capabilities. The implementation of the demonstration plot showed an increase in crop productivity of 22% compared to conventional methods, accompanied by improvements in soil health and plant resistance to pests and diseases. This community service program has succeeded in transferring PSB-based POC technology and encouraging sustainable agricultural practices among farmers of the Eran Batu Farmers Group.

The study aims to design and develop a more efficient measurement monitoring system based on influential parameters for the performance of hybrid PV and TEG modules using IoT with the Thingspeak application. The parameters measured include the PV top and bottom surface temperatures and output current and voltage, the surface temperatures of the TEG's hot and cold sides, their respective current and voltage outputs, air humidity, and solar intensity. This IoT-based monitoring system experimental method utilizes two types of PV, polycrystalline and monocrystalline, each rated at 50 Wp, in a hybrid configuration with 5 TEG modules attached to the back of the solar panel. The monitoring design results indicate that sensor measurements were accurate and data readings were reliable. The temperature difference between the two sides of the TEG was measured up to 21.7°C, and the hybrid efficiency of the monocrystalline PV with TEG showed better results compared to the polycrystalline setup, achieving optimum efficiency above 6%, with the PV surface temperature maintained at an average of 50°C. Additionally, IoT monitoring revealed the effect of air humidity on TEG performance: lower air humidity resulted in a larger ?T, peaking at 21.7°C with humidity at 39.1%. Therefore, this study recommends using IoT technology for observational data collection on system performance, particularly for PV and TEG, with sensor component modifications tailored to the characteristics of the targeted sensor object.

Background: Endodontic sealers limit bacteria growth and clean the smear layer of the root canal. Biocompatible irrigants silver citrate and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) have a chelating agent that increases sealer penetration in dentinal tubules. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the final irrigation difference in epoxy resin and bioceramic sealer penetration into dentinal tubules at the apical third. Methods: A total of 30 extracted mandibular premolars were split into six groups; three received epoxy resin sealer and three received bioceramic resin with aquadest, silver citrate (BioAKT) or EDTA 17% irrigation. A confocal laser scanning microscope estimated sealer penetration in dentinal tubules. For quantitative data analysis, Olympus Fluoview ver.4.2a was used. Results: Silver citrate final irrigation with bioceramic resin sealer had the highest dentinal tubular penetration (24%; 1,431 µm), followed by EDTA 17% (20%; 1,202 µm), aquadest (16.3%; 969 µm), EDTA 17% with epoxy resin (15.8%; 938 µm, 14%; 803 µm), and distilled water (10%; 584 µm). Significant differences existed in all groups (p = 0.001). Epoxy resin sealer penetration into dentinal tubules was similar between final irrigants (p = 0.257) and bioceramic resin groups (p = 0.658). Conclusion: Silver citrate (BioAKT), a bioceramic resin sealer-based final irrigation solution, penetrates dentinal tubules better for endodontic therapy.

Background: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) causes dental caries. S. mutans biofilms are inhibited by the antibacterial properties of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam (Z. mauritiana Lam). Purpose: Evaluating the potential of Z. mauritiana Lam in inhibiting the growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans ATCC 25175 in vitro. Methods: This study used the ethanolic extract of Z. mauritiana Lam as the test material and S. mutans as the research subject. Spectrophotometry (620 nm) was used to assess the growth of S. mutans, the inhibition of S. mutans biofilm using a 1% crystal violet staining was measured by spectrophotometry (520 nm), and the visualization of the biofilm mass was conducted with an electric microscope (200x). Results: At all concentrations, Z. mauritiana Lam displayed excellent growth inhibition of S. mutans 0.04–0.09 (< 300 CFU/mL) and was able to inhibit the formation of S. mutans biofilm with a strong scale of optical density (OD) 0.4 at 24 hours incubation time. At the same time, the incubation time of 48 and 72 hours tended to have moderate-scale biofilm inhibition (OD 0.2–3.9). At a concentration of 25%, the biofilm mass decreased by a relatively small size, the same as the positive control group. At 50%, 12.5%, and 6.25%, it was seen that the S. mutans biofilm mass experienced a dominant loss. Conclusion: Z. mauritiana Lam can be bacteriostatic against the growth of S. mutans and can inhibit the formation of biofilms by degrading the structure and mass of S. mutans biofilms.

The principal etiological agent responsible for dental caries is Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). The Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) possesses antioxidant and antibacterial properties that function through the response to oxidative stress, which affects bacterial cell metabolism. This research examined M. oleifera impact on S. mutans growth, toxicity, glucan-binding protein (GBP) expression, and nucleic acid structure. Methods included spectrophotometry for growth analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for GBP quantification, the (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) MTT assay for cytotoxicity, Fourier transform infrared for nucleic acid changes, and docking simulation for ligand-receptor affinity. Results showed that M. oleifera significantly inhibited S. mutans growth at all concentrations over 24 and 48 h (optical density

AbstractThis present article aims to discover the factors driving the transformation of the Teungku Dayahs’ learning model in Aceh. This article argues that Teungku Dayahs in Islamic educational institutions have renewed their teaching perspective. A qualitative approach was taken. Interviews, observation, and online sources were used for data collection. We utilized a snowball sampling method to select our participants. Thematic analysis was employed to identify, categorize, and analyze the key patterns and themes. To conduct our study with the utmost ethical standards, we began by obtaining consent from all participants and ensuring that their confidentiality was safeguarded. To ensure the reliability of our results, we utilized various data sources and cross-verified our findings with the participants to confirm the appropriateness of our collected data. The findings showed three main factors leading to the learning model transformation by the Teungku Dayahs: A paradigm shift, a shifting perception of media use, and a changing view of the learning environment. The study reveals the importance of technological integration into the learning model. The study suggests the need for a firm government policy to support, provide, and enhance technological skills and competencies among educators to help them integrate technology into their teaching.

The 8th Albanian Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ACTES 2024) was a dynamic platform for exchanging cutting-edge knowledge, clinical expertise, and innovative trauma and emergency surgery research. This prestigious event will convene leading professionals from Albania and the international medical community, including surgeons, researchers, and healthcare providers. The congress aims to address contemporary challenges and advancements in trauma care, emergency surgical techniques, and interdisciplinary approaches to patient management. Key themes include the role of minimally invasive surgery in trauma, advancements in hemostatic techniques, damage control marks a pivotal event in the medical community, providing a dynamic platform for knowledge exchange, professional collaboration, and advancements in surgical science in Albania. This congress brings together experts, scholars, practitioners, and enthusiasts from trauma and emergency surgery, creating an opportunity for meaningful dialogue and innovation. Hosted in the vibrant city of Tirana, ACTES 2024 features a comprehensive program that addresses a broad spectrum of topics, including abdominal and chest injuries, vascular trauma, emergency surgical procedures, and the evolving challenges in nursing services for the modern era. The congress theme, "Trauma and emergency surgery and not only…” underscores a commitment to innovation, evidence-based practices, and groundbreaking discoveries. The event includes plenary sessions with renowned experts, scientific presentations, panel discussions, poster awards, networking opportunities, industry exhibitions, cultural activities, and Continuing Medical Education (CME) credits. Primary Content: Participants can expect an enriching professional experience complemented by opportunities for personal growth. The congress promotes collaboration, fosters international partnerships, and highlights the vital role of each attendee in advancing surgical knowledge and improving patient care. The ACTES 2024 is a dynamic platform for exchanging cutting-edge knowledge, clinical expertise, and innovative trauma and emergency surgery research. This prestigious event will convene leading professionals from Albania and the international medical community, including surgeons, researchers, and healthcare providers. The congress aims to address contemporary challenges and advancements in trauma care, emergency surgical techniques, and interdisciplinary approaches to patient management. Key themes include the role of minimally invasive surgery in trauma, advancements in hemostatic techniques, damage control resuscitation, the integration of trauma registries, and strategies for improving outcomes in mass casualty incidents. ACTES 2024 also emphasizes the importance of education and collaboration, featuring interactive workshops, live demonstrations, and case-based discussions. These sessions aim to enhance participants' practical skills and foster partnerships among institutions across the region and beyond. Through its comprehensive scientific program, ACTES 2024 underscores its commitment to elevating trauma and emergency surgical care standards, supporting evidence-based practice, and advocating for policy improvements in healthcare systems. This congress represents a unique opportunity to share insights, build networks, and shape the future of trauma and emergency surgery in Albania and the global healthcare community. Conclusion: ACTES 2024 is not just a gathering; it is a movement toward transforming the future of trauma and emergency surgery. Through active participation, the event aims to inspire innovation, encourage global collaboration, and make a lasting impact on surgical care worldwide. The 8th Albanian Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery is committed to continuously improving trauma and emergency care standards in Albania and beyond. By creating a space for learning, collaboration, and knowledge exchange, this congress strengthens the foundation for innovation and evidence-based practice. As healthcare professionals unite to share their expertise and insights, ACTES 2024 will undoubtedly impact trauma and emergency surgery trajectories, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Keywords: Trauma care; Emergency surgery; Damage control surgery; Minimally invasive techniquesMinimally invasive techniques; Multidisciplinary care; Acute care medicine; Hemostasis techniques; Mass casualty management; Surgical innovation; Trauma registries; Evidence-based practice; Healthcare systems improvement; Patient outcomes; Surgical education; Regional collaboration; ATLS, Trauma management; trauma education; BAT, PAT, abdominal injury, pelvic injury, acute care surgery, abdomen acute, oncologic surgery, cardiac surgery, AI, bariatric surgery, sleeve resection, chest trauma, lung cancer, vascular surgery, hernia surgery, colorectal cancer, pain, lung diseases, MVC, car accident, emergency medicine; Trauma care, emergency surgery, abdominal injuries, chest trauma, vascular injuries, nursing challenges, surgical innovation, CME credits, international collaboration, evidence-based practices.

Installation of advertisements and campaign props on trees in West Aceh Regency has begun because the 2024 election campaign. It is suspected to be done because the wider community can easily see them and not require expensive promotional costs. West Aceh Regency Qanun has regulated the provisions prohibiting the installation of symbols, flags, banners, and other attributes in certain places. This study aims to find out and explain the suitability of West Aceh Regency Qanun Number 3 of 2021 with the concept of environmental ethics, find out the basis for exceptions to the installation of advertisements and campaign props on trees can be done with the permission of the Regent and find out how law enforcement against violations of the use of trees as a place to install advertisements and campaign props in West Aceh Regency. This study is an empirical juridical study with a prescriptive method that uses library research as secondary data and field study conducted to obtain primary data through interviews and FGDs with informants. The results show that Article 15, paragraphs (1) and (2) of West Aceh Qanun Number 3 of 2021 still need to follow environmental ethics. Hence, it creates a biased interpretation of whether or not the installation of advertisements and campaign props on tree media certainly impacts the emergence of inconsistencies.

Multicultural learning has occupied a key position in modern education, serving as an important foundation for strengthening tolerance and deepening cross-cultural understanding among students. The aim of this research is to determine the application of multicultural learning as a step in cultivating technology-based values of tolerance. This research is quantitative. This research data was processed using the JASP (Jeffrey's Amazing Statistics Program) program. This research uses primary data, with a total of 60 respondents from schools in Indonesia. Various factors are considered to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the education systems across participating countries. The following are some of the main variants or criteria that are usually assessed for elementary schools consisting of 10 private schools and 50 public schools in the 2018 PISA sample: school resources, educational practices, learning environment, educational outcomes, and technology integration.The research results show that the technology variable T1 Number of digital devices shows significant positive results, T2 also has a significant impact on Teachers' pedagogical skills in integrating digital tools, and T3 Effective Online Learning Platform also shows significant results in improving multicultural learning. Meanwhile, the variable M1 Study the culture of various countries did not show significant results, but M2 M2: Study cultural differences had a significant positive effect, and M3 Organizing multicultural learning also had a significant positive effect on increasing multicultural learning because the probability value was below the significance value

Indonesian is part of the Austronesian language family and has a unique script system known as Lontara. Although Indonesian is more dominant, the Bugis language still plays an important role in maintaining the cultural identity and traditions of the Bugis people. This study was conducted to find differences in Bugis speech between students from Southeast Sulawesi in Yogyakarta and their home regions. The object of this research is 22 Southeast Sulawesi students who live in a student dormitory in Yogyakarta. A qualitative-descriptive approach based on Lev Vygotsky's theory was used in this study. The results show that dialectal variations, different ethnic backgrounds, historical and cultural factors, the use of Arabic letters in Bugis writing, the level of formality of use, and the development of Bugis language literature cause the differences in language speech. The findings highlight the importance of Bugis language preservation by Sulawesi students and the strengthening of the community's cultural identity, provide a new contribution to the development of literature on Bugis language development, especially in the Yogyakarta area, and provide new insights into efforts to preserve Indonesian culture.

The study aims to generate and characterize a bio-nanocomposite film derived from sweet potato starch and Moringa oleifera leaf extract and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) derived from Arabica coffee grounds employing the solvent casting method. The effect of various concentrations of CQDs (0–400 ppm) was investigated on the physicochemical properties, UV-barrier, antioxidant properties, and biodegradability of the bionanocomposite (BNC) films. The morphological surface of the bio-nanocomposite was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed to evaluate the thermal stability of the samples. Mechanical properties, including tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EB), were also assessed. The results show that the incorporation of CQDs with starch-based biofilms had a remarkable impact on the properties of BNC. SEM images confirm the homogeneous structure of the films with slight granulations. Colorimetric analysis indicates the increase in color difference of BNCs as the concentration of CQDs varied. The BNC100 formulation confirmed batter opacity, transparency, and UV-barrier properties while BNC50 possessed significant improvement in tensile, elongation as well as a substantial increase in the melting point. FTIR and XRD analysis confirmed proper chemical interactions among the components within the polymeric structure of the BNC film. In addition, CQD integration has also steadily enhanced the antioxidant properties and biodegradability of BNC films. The fabricated films with CQDs have demonstrated a better quality in terms of optical properties, physical properties, thermomechanical properties, biodegradation rate, and antioxidant behavior that suggest the film's application in food packaging or other relevant fields.

Introduction: Prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) are essential to emergency medical care. They provide emergency assessment and treatment for seriously ill or injured patients and transport them by ambulance to an emergency department. Adopting triage methods for systematically prioritizing patients according to how urgent patients need care, including Triage of requests for acute medical treatment, is a promising development in our healthcare system. In Kosovo, there is a gap between the effects of prehospital triage systems and the impact of using the same triage system in two or more EMS settings. In this quality improvement study, implementing the TT app intervention was associated with higher rates of inefficient Triage in prehospital settings. However, supporting EMS professionals in their decision-making by calculating the probability of an individual patient needing specialized care at the scene of injury is a new and promising approach to optimize Triage in the field. If we can fully realize the potential of this approach, it could significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of our emergency medical care, leading to better patient outcomes. Standards and most health professionals need to be educated and trained in this critical component of EMS. Education, education, and training for the three levels of health care should be an obligatory component to enhance the quality of emergency medical care for children and adults at risk. It is high time to develop and test a conceptual triage scheme or model that will rely on a triage system that responds to the conditions of our health system. Develop clinical guidelines, algorithms, and triage protocols at the three levels of health care. All healthcare professionals must be educated and trained in ongoing coaching, communication courses, BLS AED, Pediatric, PHTLS, Adult Advanced Life Support, ATLS, and International Trauma Life Support. Conclusion: Triage is vital in optimizing patient outcomes in the high-pressure EMS world. It is the process of rapidly assessing a patient's condition to determine the urgency of care and the most appropriate destination for definitive treatment. Done effectively, prehospital Triage ensures that patients receive the right level of care at the right time, maximizing their chances of survival and minimizing long-term complications.

Introduction: Emergency medicine is a dynamic specialty that offers various medical cases and situations. Emergency medicine doctors treat patients from all age groups and with a large spectrum of physical and mental disorders. Emergency medicine is the specialty of treating illnesses or injuries requiring immediate medical attention. Emergency medicine doctors assess and treat patients in the emergency department, regardless of their illness or injury type. Their main focus is to stabilize patients as quickly as possible and determine the best next step in treating many patients simultaneously, with life-threatening conditions being the main priority. Emergency physicians treat all medical conditions of all age groups, such as cardiology, neurological, pulmonological, nephrological, endocrinological, hematological, gastrointestinal, orthopedic, gynecological-obstetrical, dermatological, psychiatric, traumatological, and accidental conditions. Efforts should be made to reduce the accumulation of ED with a solid organizational culture; rather than adopting “generic” approaches, interventions should be selected and implemented to address the unique challenges of each hospital ED. Emergency medicine can potentially improve patient care and outcomes; however, establishing evidence-based protocols and a multidisciplinary approach to patient management are essential. Creating long-term health policies to regulate the referral system through the national plan and document would regulate the three levels of health care to stop the overcrowding of the hospital's ED.

Background: Sudden cardiac arrest is the third leading cause of death in Europe. A significant number of out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrests are associated with acute myocardial infarction. Cardiac arrest is a complication of an acute myocardial infarction caused by malignant rhythm disorder, in most cases ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. They result in sudden death in 25%-50% of patients with prior acute myocardial infarction. Sudden cardiac arrest in these patients occurs during the first hours after the onset of symptoms. Aim: show from the total number of out-of-hospital reanimations in the given period in canton Sarajevo the number of successful reanimations (return of spontaneous circulation – ROSC) and the number of successful reanimations in patients that went in to sudden cardiac arrest with prior acute myocardial infarction. Show the out-of-hospital management of these patients. Material and Methods: retrospective descriptive study that includes all out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest in the period from 1 January 2019 to the 31 December 2021 in canton Sarajevo that are associated with acute myocardial infarction in which there was the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). All patients from above-mentioned period were included in the study, without exclusion criteria related to their age, gender. Data was extracted from data registry of the Centre for education of the Emergency Medical Center of canton Sarajevo. Conclusion: Acute myocardial infarction still stays associated with a high level of mortality and represents one of the leading public health problems. Despite all advances in the field of diagnostics and treatment of patients with AMI that resulted in significant reduction of mortality in time.

Higher education’s independent curriculum and mainstreaming are studied using mixed techniques. This qualitative and quantitative study examines how social mainstreaming in curriculum construction affects educational outcomes and social involvement. Focus groups and in-depth interviews with curriculum developers, educators, and students comprised qualitative research. Understanding social mainstreaming perspectives, experiences, and curriculum design was the goal. Using survey and institu-tional data, we measured independent curricular social mainstreaming frequency and impacts. Social mainstreaming promotes inclusive, equitable, and socially conscious learning. Integration improves student progress and societal responsibility. Research demonstrates variable social mainstreaming effects in independent curricular development, requiring a focused approach. Resource restrictions, change unwillingness, and mainstreaming ignorance complicate implementation. Higher education institutions, policymakers, and educators seeking socially meaningful and effective programs are affected by this study. The recommendations to promote higher education social mainstreaming showed that curriculum influences students' social attitudes, promoting social transformation.

BackgroundSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that often leads to significant impairments in physical function, leading to disability and mental health disorders. Hence, understanding the prevalence of SCI and the relationship between physical activity and mental health in individuals with SCI is crucial for informing rehabilitation strategies and optimizing outcomes. ObjectiveThis study aims to comprehensively analyze existing research on the link between physical activity and mental health and identify the level of physical activity and mental health status, the barriers to physical activity, and SCI’s impacts on psychological well-being in individuals with SCI. MethodsAn electronic search strategy will be used to identify prevalence studies published since 1993 in health-related databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, COCHRANE Library, and Wiley Library using the following query: “Spinal Cord Injury” OR “Paraplegia” OR “Tetraplegia” AND “Physical Activity” OR “Exercise” AND “Mental Health” OR “Mental Illness” OR “Mental Disorder.” Bibliographies of primary studies and review articles meeting the inclusion criteria will be searched manually to identify further eligible studies. The risk of bias in the included studies will be appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for prevalence studies by 2 review authors. Any disagreement will be resolved by reaching a consensus. ResultsFunding was received in October 2023, data collection will commence in July 2024, and the results are expected by 2025. We will summarize the selection of the eligible studies using a flowchart. The data from the studies will be extracted and tabulated. This scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal in accordance with PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. ConclusionsThis scoping review underscores the complex relationship between physical activity and mental health among individuals with SCI, highlighting the level of physical activity and mental health status, barriers to physical activity engagement, and psychological implications. Understanding these dynamics is crucial in devising tailored interventions aimed at enhancing mental well-being. This synthesis of evidence emphasizes the need for personalized strategies to promote physical activity, addressing unique challenges faced by this population to foster improved mental health outcomes and overall quality of life. Trial RegistrationOpen Science Framework osf.io/ugx7d; https://osf.io/ugx7d/ International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/56081

Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini dilaksanakan di Desa Kunyi, Kecamatan Anreapi, Kabupaten Polewali Mandar yang merupakan salah satu desa yang menjadi lokasi kegiatan KKN-T Institut Agama Islam DDI Polewali Mandar Tahun 2022. Pilihan lokasi ini sangat baik karena desa ini berada di lokasi pegunungan, namun pegunungannya tidak terlalu tinggi dan jaraknya tidak terlalu jauh dari ibukota kabupaten Polewali Mandar, sehingga dapat diakses dengan mobil. Kegiatan PKM ini dilaksanakan selama 48 hari selama Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) dengan pendekatan berbagi yang efektif, cepat diterima oleh masyarakat setempat, dan program-programnya yang dilaksanakan mendapat dukungan dari masyarakat setempat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa Pendekatan Berbagi dengan masyarakat menghasilkan tingkat penerimaan masyarakat yang lebih cepat terhadap mahasiswa Kuliah Kerja Nyata dan program tersebut dapat terwujud dengan baik karena mendapat dukungan dari masyarakat.

Traditional milk desserts are one of the most essential dessert groups that Turkish society consumes. Due to foaming activity, it was aimed to investigate the feasibility of the ohmic heating system to produce a semolina dessert with milk. Hence, an ohmic heating treatment was used to heat the milk, semolina, and sugar mix from 20°C to 100°C using three different voltage gradients (15, 17.5, and 20 V/cm) and then boil for two minutes. It was found that the current value escalated from 20°C to approximately 86°C but decreased after 86°C due to foaming. Since the total consumed energy during the ohmic cooking treatment was inversely proportional to the treatment time, the total consumed energy values decreased based on the rising voltage gradient. As a result, the feasibility of the ohmic heating treatment for making a traditional semolina dessert with milk was determined in this study.

Intercoronary communication (ICC) is a very rare coronary artery anomaly that connects directly 2 coronary arteries. This anastomosis is found between 2 nonobstructed coronary arteries with unidirectional or bidirectional blood flow. We report a case of a large ICC between the right coronary artery and the left circumflex artery in a patient with late stent thrombosis. The electrocardiogram showed ST-segment elevation in the anterior leads. The echocardiography investigation revealed hypokinesis in the proximal, medial and apical segments of the interventricular septum and anterior wall as well as the apex. During invasive coronary examination a large ICC between the left circumflex artery (LCx) and the right coronary artery (RCA) was found. Furthermore, coronary angiography demonstrated proximal occlusion (stent thrombosis) of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), prompting the utilization of percutaneous intervention with a drug-eluting stent. The presence of a large intercoronary communication is an exceedingly uncommon anomaly of the coronary arteries, which has the potential to induce myocardial ischemia. In individuals with obstructive coronary artery disease, this anomaly can further worsen the existing condition.

Realizing religious moderation has become a medium-term program of the President for the 2020-2024 period. This program has been entrusted to the Ministry of Religious Affairs. Through a moderation team, the Ministry of Religion has formulated indicators of religious moderation, one of which is tolerance. According to the Ministry of Religion, tolerance is defined as having an open, broad-minded, voluntary, and gentle attitude towards accepting differences. Tolerance is always accompanied by respect, accepting those who are different as part of ourselves, and thinking positively. This tolerance is further divided into two categories: inter-religious and intra-religious. The hope of inter-religious tolerance is the emergence of an attitude towards followers of other religions that involves willingness to engage in dialogue, cooperation, support for the establishment of places of worship, and interacting with followers of other religions. On the other hand, Hamka is one of the prominent Muslim scholars in Indonesia known for his remarkable exegesis work that is widely studied in Asia, particularly in Indonesia. Hamka, who lived during a period of political upheaval both domestically and internationally, had a significant impact on his thinking concepts, which were later reflected in his works. This article aims to explore Hamka's views on other religions, particularly Judaism, delve deeper into the existence or absence of Jewish/Zionist conspiracies, and analyze Hamka's acceptance of other religions. The research methodology employed is literature review with a descriptive-analytic analysis as a guide in this article. The findings show that Hamka's exegesis contradicts the concept of religious moderation presented by the Ministry of Religion. In Hamka's exegesis, there are many suspicions towards Jews, although discussions on the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, according to observers, are considered conspiracies, fictional, and lack valid evidence. Additionally, Hamka falls into the category of exclusive Islam that does not accept any religion other than Muhammadanism.

Background: Oral microbiome biofilms can appear on all surfaces of the oral cavity as well as restorative materials such as Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC). GIC is considered superior because it has the ability to produce fluoride, which has a cariostatic effect, but the fluoride produced is inadequate to inhibit the growth of biofilms, so modifications were made by adding hydroxyapatite from eggshell. Purpose: To evaluate the levels of hydroxyapatite contained in chicken eggshells and to assess the description of oral microbiome biofilm density on the surface of hydroxyapatite-modified GIC from chicken eggshell synthesis. Methods: The research group was divided into a control group, namely GIC without the addition of hydroxyapatite, and a treatment group, namely GIC with the addition of 5% hydroxyapatite. The oral microbiome biofilm obtained from the voluntary dental plaque swab was cultured on the specimen surface at a time span of 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. Biofilm density was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy and analyzed using ImageJ software. Results: The average density of biofilm on GIC without the addition of hydroxyapatite at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours, respectively, was 2,640.02 p/μm, 1,130.08 p/μm, 16,797.33 p/μm. Meanwhile, the GIC with the addition of hydroxyapatite was 1,921.52 p/μm, 1.029 p/μm, and 5,764.50 p/m. Conclusion: Statistical analysis performed showed that time affected the density value of the oral microbiome formed, and the two groups of materials had different effects in reducing biofilm density descriptively but statistically did not have a significant difference.

The concurrent effects of customer predispositions, customer engagement behaviour (CEB) and self-brand connections (SBC) on loyalty are less understood. This article will examine how relationship quality and consumer predispositions (self-concept, brand communal focus) affect loyalty, with customer engagement behaviour and self-brand connection acting as mediating factors. A cross-sectional survey with a quantitative study design was used to gather information from 380 users of FinTech apps in the Indian state of Karnataka. The main findings indicate that self-concept does not generate loyalty by itself but rather fosters loyalty through the mediation of SBC and CEBs. Similarly, a trusted and satisfied customer remains brand loyal. A sense of communal focus among consumers results in self-brand connections only if they are positively engaged with the brand. Customer interactions and engagement in social media can have a significant impact on the development of digital self-brand relationships. Contrary to the literature, we found that positive engagement fosters loyalty only if it leads to brand connection. Repeat patronage and willingness to buy new products or price insensitivity depend on strong emotional brand connections and CEBs. Hence, FinTech companies should match their experiences, offerings, and brand messages to the way that consumers view themselves. To engage customers in new ways and establish a connection with them, they should also offer stimulating and compelling virtual experiences on their platforms. Therefore, FinTech consumers can maintain brand loyalty through self-brand connections and brand engagement through self-concepts.

Jailolo, the capital of West Halmahera Regency, faces earthquake risks due to its proximity to a Jailolo volcano and a double subduction zone in Eastern Indonesia. This study is aimed at investigating the seismic hazard characteristics in Jailolo through the analysis of statistic and signal parameters. Analyzing seismic hazard characteristics in this region is crucial for assessing earthquake risks and understanding how local soil conditions influence ground shaking. Earthquake catalogs from several databases spanning from 1970 to 2018 were utilized. Additionally, 40 locations around Jailolo were surveyed using a short-period seismometer to gather microtremor data. The earthquake catalogs underwent b value analysis using the maximum likelihood method, while microtremor data were examined for f0 and A0 using the horizontal-to-vertical spectrum ratio (HVSR) method. VS30 profiles were derived using the H/V curve inversion method. The b value characterizes earthquake size distribution, HVSR evaluates ground properties, especially the shallow subsurface, and VS30 represents the time-averaged shear wave velocity in the upper 30 m of the Earth’s surface. The findings revealed the average b value around Jailolo is 1.36 with a 15% deviation, categorizing the area as earthquake prone and volcanic. The values of f0 and A0 ranged from 0.536 to 2.44 Hz and 8.97 to 21.2, respectively. The results of f0 and A0 suggested that the Jailolo area is predominantly characterized by thick sediment. The H/V curve analysis provided a VS30 profile ranging from 109 to 460 m/s, indicating that the area is dominated by sediment consisting of stiff soil, very dense soil, and soft rock. In conclusion, Jailolo is highly prone to earthquakes due to its seismic and volcanic activity, supported by soil characteristics that can amplify seismic waves and increase ground shaking intensity during earthquakes. These findings stress the need for long-term seismic monitoring and community involvement to mitigate seismic risks.

Stroke is a significant global health concern, ranking among the top causes of death and disability. Timely poststroke recovery hinges on structured upper limb rehabilitation within the first 24–48 hr. Although virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation is promising, its accessibility is complex and cost-limited, especially in less developed regions. In this study, we developed and assessed nonimmersive VR rehabilitation games using the Kinect Xbox One and UNITY game engine, targeting upper limb movement sequences vital for poststroke recovery. The developed games involved simple to progressively challenging movements, engaging the deltoid, biceps, and triceps muscles and aligning with poststroke rehabilitation criteria. We used peak-to-peak electromyography signal detection with a 20% threshold and three distinct feature extractions to represent muscle contractions during gameplay. Our cosine similarity analysis revealed the efficacy of games in meeting movement sequence criteria, benefiting mostly the shoulder motor and deltoid muscles (93% improvement) with more moderate improvements in the biceps (73%) and triceps (47%). Our results suggest that these games could contribute to upper limb stroke rehabilitation, particularly that of the deltoid muscle. This study highlights the potential of VR-based rehabilitation games in poststroke upper limb recovery, emphasizing muscle engagement, target distances, and rehabilitation criteria in game design. Although healthy participants were involved here, future research involving poststroke patients and the exploration of more immersive, multiplanar movements hold the potential for a more comprehensive rehabilitation experience. Our study contributes to advancing the common knowledge related to VR-based stroke rehabilitation, focusing on upper limb movement sequences with implications for therapeutic engagement and recovery.

The harvesting of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) from whole blood based on cell density is a standard procedure that is currently applied to commercially available PRP kits. Leukocytes and erythrocytes, which are closer in density, contaminate a significant amount of PRP products, mostly commercial PRP kits. In this study, we tested membrane filters and PRP products from our prototype PRP kit. We did this by putting a membrane filter with pores of 2 μm in the middle of the tube, which is a new way to separate things based on the cell dimension method (CDM). The evaluations were performed for membrane filter use, hematology analysis, blood smears, viability and cytotoxicity assays, and fibrin structure by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Compared to the density method (DM), the CDM enables the elimination of a significant number of leukocytes and erythrocytes from the PRPs (CDM-PRP) and a significant increase in the number of platelets compared to the whole blood and DM-PRP. Furthermore, both DM-PRP and CDM-PRP increased the cell viability in L929 cells by adding them at 5% in the culture medium. In addition to CDM-PRP having the lowest cytotoxicity based on the LDH assay, the fibrin structure of CDM-PRP blood clots is characterized by thickness and firmness with a network structure. Thus, we believe that the PRP from the prototype PRP kit meets the requirements as a biomaterial for medical treatments.

Introduction: Injuries in construction are not a rare occurrence and cause a strain on the health care service. By having education on workplace hazards, trained first aiders, and an effective accident emergency response system, the occurrence of illness/injuries will reduce and hence the number of fatalities. The purpose of this research is the evaluation, epidemiology, management, diagnosis, treatment, systematization, and the results obtained about the construction industry for injury in life-threatening cases with trauma, reducing morbidity, disability, and mortality while increasing survival. Solving problems for severe traumas in the health system of Kosovo, such as with professional staff, doctors and nurses, dedicated spaces, medical equipment, drugs, consumables, poor diagnostics, non-decisional consultations, as well as their timely and timely delivery. seeks political health solutions to solve this problem. Material and Methods; In this retrospective study, we researched and analyzed the data of patients with construction-related injuries in ED treated from January-December 2021 Results; During the study period, we analyzed 75,899 ED patients. Of these, 420 cases, or 0.06% were injured. In the research, 420 cases of injuries were investigated, investigating all age groups arising from construction-related activities for 2021. Conclusion; To reduce workplace injuries an organization must carry out regular risk assessments, conduct physical assessments for demanding roles, provide safety and wellness training regularly, train and appoint first aid marshals, hire qualified workers, hire enough workers, keep workspaces clean and walkways clear, post proper signage, Provide adequate lighting, education and training on staff emergency response systems via courses BLS-D BTLS, PHTLS ATLS.

Introduction: Patients with life-threatening injuries are a significant concern in the emergency department (ED). These injured people require timely care, as their lives depend on it, and a longer wait can result in organ failure, irreversible damage, and poor survival outcomes. The purpose of this research is the evaluation, epidemiology, management, diagnosis, treatment, systematization, and the results obtained for the injured in life-threatening cases with trauma, reducing morbidity, disability, and mortality while increasing survival. Material and Methods. In this retrospective study, we researched and analyzed the data of patients with critical traumatic injuries in DE treated from January-December 2021 Results. During the study period, we analyzed 75,899 ED patients. Of these, 627 cases, or 0.83%, were severely injured and traumatically admitted as a life-threatening traumatic medical emergency in the resuscitation room. Attacked age were males 507 cases or 80.87% and females 120 cases 19.13% and over 16 were 46 cases or 6.67%. The main problem in the admission of the sick was the injured with disorders of consciousness, shock, cardiac, and respiratory failure, as well as issues at the systemic level. Conclusion. During the study period, we analyzed 75,899 ED patients. Of these, 627 cases, or 0.83%, were severely injured and traumatically admitted as a life-threatening traumatic medical emergency in the resuscitation room. Attacked age were males 507 cases or 80.87% and females 120 cases 19.13% and over 16 were 46 cases or 6.67%. The main problem in the admission of the sick was the injured with disorders of consciousness, shock, cardiac, and respiratory failure, as well as issues at the systemic level. Also, these critically injured require structured and well-organized care in the DE in the resuscitation room, with educated medical staff, nurses, and support staff trained with the mandatory BLS, BTLS, PHTLS, and ATLS courses, implementing and developing the algorithms standardized for structured care of the critically injured. Keywords: DE, traumatic, life-threatening medical emergency, CPR. monitoring, management,

This article discusses the existence of Islamic education in Indonesia which was born from the treasures of civilization and the development of Islam in the archipelago. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach based on library research. The results of analysis show that traditional Islamic educational institutions such as dayah in Aceh, surau in Minangkabau, langgar in Madura, and pesantren throughout the archipelago are an integral part of Islamic education in Indonesia. On the other hand, the influence of modern culture brought by the Dutch colonial government also had a significant impact on the dynamics of the development of Islamic educational institutions. The awareness of the Indonesian Muslim community on the importance of the development of modern education brings transformation and adaptation in Islamic educational institutions. The emergence of elite Islamic schools is part of the dynamic development of contemporary Islamic education in Indonesia. These elite Islamic schools reflect changes in the landscape of Islamic education, where Islamic education previously represented by traditional educational institutions such as surau, madrasah, and pesantren is experiencing modernization implications.

The potential business the cattle in Bangka Belitung Islands are continuously developing. The need for beef depends upon the external supply from other provinces. The endeavor on the competency of the livestock farmers in feed management has been applied by utilizing the technology of Probio_FM. The objective of the study is to analyze the economic efficiency of the use of Probio_FM technology on feed. The case study was implemented on the business development of the Bali cattle in CV. Dua Agri Mandiri (DAM). Microsoft Excel was used to process the data. Input-output ratio analysis was employed to compare the cost of feed use and the value of produced product using the indicator of body weight gain of livestock times with the livestock price. The study discovered that the use of input on Probio_FM on the feed was economically efficient with 0.55 on average, 0.85 as the highest, and 0.22 as the lowest. The use feed of CV. Dua Agri Mandiri was considered optimal, and the provided feed has fulfilled the quality and quantity.

This study analyzes the direct and indirect effects of leadership capability, motivation, and learning orientation through strategic changes as the mediating variable on performance. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to 275 directors or chairs, lecturers, and educational staff at the private maritime higher education institutions (Perguruan Tinggi Maritim Swasta – PTMS) in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) employing AMOS 23. Findings confirm that leadership capability has a direct negative effect on performance due to policy dualism on the recruitment of lecturers and education staff; however, leadership capability has an indirect positive effect on performance through strategic changes. This is different from motivation and learning orientation, which have a direct positive effect on organizational performance. Strategic changes have been able to mediate the effect of leadership capability, motivation, and learning orientation to affect performance positively. Findings also show that motivation must be academically increased, and lecturing must be well presented because motivation can affect and has the most significant role in organizational performance through strategic changes.

The research aimed to evaluate the film membrane of Nano Chitosan Resveratrol (NCHR) for biological, physicochemical, and antibacterial properties. Psychochemically, the functional groups of chitosan compounds were examined by FTIR, chemical compounds by GCMS, and the morphology of chitosan and chemical elements by SEM-EDS. Biologically, the characteristics of NCHR were examined by solubility, swelling, permeability, and biodegradation tests. Meanwhile, the antibacterial properties were examined for inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) ATCC 33277 by Minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) and growth assessment by spectrophotometry. Nano Chitosan (NCH) has appeared at 1033.85 cm-1 as a sharp peak indicating the P=O group and contains anti-toxicity compounds (Ethane, 1,1-diethoxy- (CAS) 1,1-Diethoxye) is 81.06% and antioxidant compounds Limonene is (1.28%). In addition, NCH has chemical elements, Oxygen Weight (69.4%), calcium (19.7%), magnesium (6.6%), and phosphorus (4.3%). NaCl 0.9%, PBS, and Aquades. In addition, it has an excellent index of water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) in all solvents (R2³ 0.95). The NCHR membrane film is bacteriostatic (≤ 300 CFU/mL) with each value of Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) >15 mm. The Nano chitosan contains antitoxic, antioxidant, and antibacterial compounds with high oxygen elements. The film membrane of nano chitosan resveratrol can maintain the stability of changes in pH with a very high solubility index, swelling index, and WVTR index, as well as good biodegradation and antibacterial properties. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-03-012 Full Text: PDF

This article examines the institutional transformation of dayah in Post-Conflict Aceh referring to the leaders of four Islamic boarding schools’ (dayah) view points: the principal of Dayah Malikussaleh Aceh Utara, Dayah MUDI Mesra, Samalanga Bireun, Dayah Darul Munawwarah, Pidie Jaya and Dayah Darussalam Labuhan Haji, South Aceh; personnels in the Department of Dayah Education Affairs and members of the DPRA (members of Aceh House of Representative), our study found that the institutional transformation of the dayah began with changes in the government’s policies through the emergence of various regulations such as the Aceh Qanun (Aceh’ made law) and the Province of Aceh Governor's regulations. Furthermore, the transformation of funding sources, curriculum, facilities and infrastructure, human resource development, quality assurance and development of dayah, and cooperation and development of the dayah financial resource. This study concludes that the institutional transformation of the dayah has had an impact on increasing the functionality of the dayah in the midst of the times, changes in educational politics in Aceh and increasingly showing the modernization of the dayah while still maintaining a religious atmosphere in the Dayah environment.

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and laboratory changes of ischemia and reperfusion injury in the remnant livers of donors with and without Pringle maneuver. Furthermore, we evaluated the recipients who have been transplanted with liver grafts from these donors. Methods and Materials: A total of 108 patients (54 living liver donors and 54 liver recipients) who underwent donor hepatectomy and recipients who living donor liver transplantation, were included in this randomized double-blind study between February 2021 and June 2021. The donors were divided into two groups: Pringle maneuver applied (n = 27) and Pringle maneuver not applied (n = 27). Similarly, recipients with implanted liver obtained from these donors were divided into two groups as the Pringle maneuver was performed (n = 27) and not performed (n = 27). Blood samples from donors and recipients were obtained on pre-operative, post-operative 0 h day (day of surgery), post-operative 1st day, post-operative 2nd day, post-operative 3rd day, post-operative 4th day, post-operative 5th day, and liver tissue was taken from the graft during the back table procedures. Liver function tests and complete blood count, coagulation tests, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and β-galactosidase measurements, and histopathological findings were examined. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the parameters of biochemical analyses for ischemia-reperfusion injury at all periods in the donors with and without the Pringle maneuver. Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference between in the recipients in who received liver grafts harvested with and without the Pringle maneuver. There was no statistically significant difference between the two recipient groups in terms of perioperative bleeding and early bile duct complications (p = 0.685). In the histopathological examinations, hepatocyte damage was significantly higher in the Pringle maneuver group (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Although the histological scoring of hepatocyte damage was found to be higher in the Pringle maneuver group, the Pringle maneuver did not augment ischemia-reperfusion injury in donors and recipients that was evaluated by clinical and laboratory analyses.

The 30th Albanian Conference of Surgery (ACS 2023) and the 7th Albanian Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ACTES 2023) represent significant milestones in the medical community. These concurrent events provide a platform for the exchange of knowledge, collaboration, and the advancement of surgical science in Albania. ACS 2023 & ACTES 2023 gather experts, scholars, practitioners, and enthusiasts from the field of surgery, both in traumatic and non-traumatic areas, in the vibrant city of Tirana. The comprehensive program encompasses a diverse range of surgical topics, from abdominal and chest injuries to vascular injuries, emergency surgery, and the challenge of nurse services in the new millennium. The theme of this year's events, "Surgery and not only...," reflects the commitment to innovation, best practices, and groundbreaking discoveries. The programs include plenary sessions with renowned experts, scientific presentations, panel discussions, networking opportunities, an industry exhibition, poster awards, cultural and social activities, and Continuing Medical Education (CME) credits. Participants can expect a professionally enriching experience that also offers personal rewards. ACS 2023 & ACTES 2023 value the role of each attendee in contributing to the advancement of surgical knowledge and patient care. The events promise to chart new horizons in the field of surgery and foster international collaboration. The Event is poised to create lasting memories, and their success hinges on the active participation of every attendee. It is an opportunity to inspire, collaborate, and make a lasting impact on surgical care worldwide.

Kekerasan seksual terhadap anak dianggap sebagai kejahatan yang sangat serius di Indonesia, pemerintah memberlakukan hukuman mati bagi pelaku kejahatan semacam itu. Namun, meskipun penerapan hukuman mati, jumlah kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak belum sepenuhnya mengalami penurunan. Oleh karena itu, faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak harus dikaji secara mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi perbandingan penerapan hukuman mati di Indonesia dengan negara-negara yang tidak menerapkannya dalam kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak dan untuk menemukan faktor-faktor penyebab kejahatan tersebut dengan menggunakan teori asosiasi diferensial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan perbandingan. Objek penelitian adalah studi perbandingan mengenai hukuman mati terhadap kekerasan seksual terhadap anak dan faktor-faktor penyebab kekerasan seksual yang dilihat dari teori asosiasi diferensial. Sementara itu, data sekunder diperoleh dari buku, jurnal, dan studi kasus hukum. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa hukuman mati untuk kekerasan seksual terhadap anak di Indonesia telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 dan pelaksanaannya juga telah dilakukan di beberapa negara seperti India dan China. Namun, ada negara-negara seperti Norwegia, Belanda, dan Kanada yang tidak memberlakukan hukuman mati. Adanya kebutuhan akan kepastian hukum terhadap hukuman mati muncul dari peningkatan tindakan kejahatan seksual yang dilakukan terhadap anak-anak. Sexual violence against children is considered a very serious crime in Indonesia, the government imposes the death penalty for perpetrators of such crimes. However, despite the implementation of the death penalty, the number of cases of sexual violence against children has not fully decreased. Therefore, the factors causing sexual violence against children must be studied in depth. This research aims to explore the comparison of the application of the death penalty in Indonesia with countries that do not apply it in cases of sexual violence against children and to find the factors causing such crimes using the differential association theory. The research method used is normative research with a statute and comparative approach. The object of research is a comparative study of the death penalty for sexual violence against children and the factors causing sexual violence viewed from the differential association theory. While secondary data comes from books, journals, and legal case studies. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive qualitative methods. The findings show that the death penalty for sexual violence against children in Indonesia has been regulated in Law Number 1 of 2023 and its implementation has also been carried out in several countries such as India, and China. However, there are countries such as Norway, the Netherlands, and Canada that did not impose the death penalty. The need for legal certainty toward the death penalty emerges from an increase in sexual offenses committed against minors.

Tujuan dilaksanakannya program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat di Desa Arjosari ini adalah untuk memperkuat kegiatan ekonomi masyarakat melalui Program Sentra Produk UMKM, dengan olahan kerupuk makanan dan berbagai jenis olahan kue. Hasil observasi awal menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan umum tentang UMKM masih sangat minim dengan pemahaman manajemen yang kurang. Hasil observasi selanjutnya digunakan untuk merancang konsep usaha dan manajemen usaha, pendampingan perencanaan usaha dan keuangan, peningkatan kapasitas badan usaha desa, dan pengembangan sistem promosi. Luaran program tersebut selain menambah pengetahuan dan kemampuan mitra, juga menghasilkan produk e-commerce yang dapat digunakan sebagai media promosi dan penjualan produk.

There are 1641 companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India. It is undoubtedly infeasible for a retail investor to invest in all the stocks. It is a well-known fact that the portfolio’s return is an average return of all its constituent stocks, and risk will be less than or equal to the maximum risk of all the portfolio components. This paper is unique as it elaborates on the entire portfolio selection, optimization, and management process. Portfolio selection is accomplished through the K-Means algorithm. Optimization is achieved utilizing the genetic algorithm, and a sliding window is applied for portfolio management. Four different ways of portfolio calculation, namely, equally-weighted portfolio, global minimum variance portfolio, market cap-weighted portfolio, and maximum Sharpe ratio portfolio, are applied. The results depict that all three optimized portfolios outperform the Nifty index. The dataset for the study is obtained from globaldatafeeds.in.

Context: Candida albicans is a pathological agent that triggers oral candidiasis because C. albicans can adapt to changes to increase growth and adhesion through biofilm formation mechanisms. Moringa oleifera Lam. has been reported to have fungistatic properties and increases the metabolism change of C. albicans. Aims: To evaluate the fungistatic effect of M. oleifera leaves ethanolic extract (MOLE) on the metabolism changes of C. albicans cells associated with growth and biofilm formation. Methods: The assessment of metabolism changes (stress response and metabolic alterations) of C. albicans by the action of MOLE was performed by mean of FTIR, growth assessment by spectrophotometry, biofilm formation with 1% crystal violet, also read by spectrophotometry, and observation of biofilm mass with a microscope. Results: MOLE showed substantial absorption values based on topological polar surface area (0.4), and moderate scale at 72 h (OD 0.2-0.39). Conclusions: The extract of M. oleifera has increased metabolism changes (stress response) of C. albicans cells, which correlate with the ability to inhibit growth and biofilm formation for 24, 48, and 72 h.

This manuscript presents the experimental study on low-cost sensor sensitivity of inspection quadcopter’s anti-collision system. This inspection quadcopter is designed to be operated in aerodrome or hanger for the inspection of wide body aircraft for lightning strikes. One of most important features that the inspection quadcopter must equipped with is anti-collision system. The anti-collision system will ensure the inspection quadcopter maintain a safe distance from the aircraft and other structures during the inspection process. As one of the project’s objectives is to design and develop an anti-collision system for the inspection quadcopter, it is aimed at developing using low-cost sensors and components. Experiments were done to choose the best low-cost sensor to be used as the rangefinder in the inspection quadcopter’s anti-collision system. The sensitivity of the low-cost sensors were tested by comparing the measured distance and the actual distance of obstacles. The percentage error reflects the sensitivity of the sensor under certain circumstances. The second objective of this research is integrating the best low-cost sensors the anti-collision system. The anti-collision system was programmed using Arduino IDE software. Lastly, the third object of this research, which is to experiment the performance of anti-collision system was achieved by performing the ground test on the anti-collision system of the inspection quadcopter. The performance of anti-collision was shown on the PWM correction signal generated by the anti-collision system. In conclusion, this paper shows the engineering approach on an industrial problem on developing an anti-collision system using low-cost sensors.

Increased environmental consciousness and demand for sustainable materials have encouraged the use of more renewable and environmentally acceptable resources as reinforcement, for the natural fiber like the (Pineapple Leaf Fiber) PALF and Kenaf fiber material. These materials are natural fiber which are environmental friendly and biodegradable. This environmental friendly resources has been a demand in all industries including the aerospace industry. So, this project is to develop a drone frame kit made up of natural fiber. There are very less studies on the drone frame kit made up of natural fiber. Drones are mostly made up of synthetic fiber which is not biodegradable. Three designs of the drone frame kit had been designed by Fusion 360 software where the best frame kit with least stress distribution, least total deformation and least strain will be chosen to develop the frame. Ansys simulation can be used to analyze the frame kits for the finite element analysis. In the Ansys simulation the static structural part had been chosen to make the analysis where few boundary conditions added, and the mesh dependency test was done to get the best result. PALF and Kenaf had be chosen to be analyzed because those natural fiber having high tensile strength compared to other natural fiber. So as the project is to build a drone, there had been an idea of developing the frame kit natural fiber like the PALF and the Kenaf material. In conclusion, each and every design having their own uniqueness where the best design with least stress was the design with circular shape.

The dependence on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has greatly increased in many sectors around the globe. UAVs are in high demand and their technology is developing quickly, due to their ability to handle a variety of issues in a sophisticated manner. UAVs deployment in the aviation industry is still in the trial phase, thus certain adjustments must be made to make sure the UAVs meet safety standards. Safety is the most important factor in the aviation sector since it involves people’s lives. UAVs are required to make the maintenance of an aircraft more efficient. For instance, UAVs are capable of replacing the labor-intensive inspection procedure with conducive and safe regulation. Additional tools or sensors need to be added to the UAVs system to ensure the objective of applying UAVs is achieved. The camera mounted on the drone is able to enhance the functionality and widen the range of applications of UAVs. This thesis presents the UAV system that is able to assist during an aircraft inspection. The camera mounted on the drone is installed with an image processing program to identify the defect caused by a lightning strike.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have advanced and are now employed in a variety of industries, including aerial photography, the military, and transportation. Due to its low battery life, charging it can be difficult. A good UAV solution has been thought of as wireless charging. In this research, we suggested an inductively coupled wireless power transmission system (WPT) and examined the inductive coupling’s power efficiency. A portable energy receiving device positioned on the base of the UAV and a charging station with an induction coil array were both included in the WPT. Additionally, the WPT equivalent circuit was used to examine power efficiency, and a prototype model of the battery coupled with a quadcopter for testing power efficiency was developed. The results onboard the charging circuit design contributed with polarity modulation and safety charging the battery pack, with very light components that considerably decrease the size and weight as much as possible. The charging power conversion efficiency has achieved 83.76% at the maximum.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) Algorithm with Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) as an Image Feature Extraction method in identifying phosphorus deficiency in cocoa plants based on leaf characteristics. Characteristic images of cocoa leaves were placed under normal conditions and phosphorus deficiency, each with 250 datasets. The feature extraction process by GLCM was analyzed using the ELM parameter approach in the form of Network Node_Hidden variations and several Activation Functions. The method of this case study was conducted with data collection, algorithm development to validation, and measurement using ROC. It was found that the best accuracy when testing the dataset was 95.14% on the node_hidden 50 networks using the Multiquadric Activation Function. These results indicate that the feature extraction model with GLCM using Contrast, Correlation, Angular Second Moment, and Inverse Difference Momentum properties can be maximized on Multiquadric Activation Function.

Electrical injury is a physiological reaction caused by electric current passing through the body. Electric injuries can be caused by the impact and exposure to electric current or lightning either at home or at work. The injury depends on the density of the current, tissue resistance, and duration of contact. Very small currents may be imperceptible or produce a light tingling sensation. Injuries can range from minor, moderate, to severe, and fatal injuries are just as likely to occur at home as in the workplace, with around 20 Australians dying each year from electric shock. The purpose of this paper is to study how well-trained healthcare professionals in both pre-hospital and hospital settings are in treating patients in the case of electric shock and injuries caused by lightning, including the triage, assessment, monitoring, treatment, and transport with medical care in pre-hospital settings The research was conducted based on data obtained from assessments of health care professionals based on anamnestic data, the status of vital parameters, monitoring, medical procedures, system-level injuries, type of health care delivery, and location. Conclusions; Given the discrepancies found in reporting pathological conditions and injuries pertaining to electrical burn wounds, a standardized system for classifying these pathological conditions is suggested. Although electric shock-related mortality is not the leading cause of death in high-prevalence areas, awareness needs to be raised.

Energy consumption in residential buildings soared enormously during the pandemic. To construct highly efficient residence, materials are one of factors that need to be considered due to their impact of climate change, power consumption and operational cost. It was found that power plants produced various types of waste products that can be utilized in many applications. For instance, Cenosphere produced from power plants could promote thermal properties of mortar brick to a certain extent. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Cenosphere as partial sand replacement on thermal properties of mortar and buildings’ energy efficiency at different percentages (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). Both thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity were detected by using Fox 50 instrumentation while energy efficiency was determined by using Autodesk Revit and Green Building Studio (GBS) software. The findings of thermal properties show that the replacement of sand with 20% Cenosphere as partial sand replacement have significantly reduces thermal conductivity while increasing the specific heat capacity of mortar. This study revealed that the k value of mortar bricks have reduced as low as 0.62 W/m.K and as high as 932 J/kg.K for specific heat capacity due to incorporation of Cenosphere and mixtures at 20%. On the other hand, the EUI of 5% Cenosphere has reduced 2.13 kWh/m2 or 1.4% lower than control mix. The energy saving measure largely influenced by the composition of Cenosphere as compared to the buildings’ orientations.

Coal combustion by Products (CCPs) are produced during coal combustion in the process of electric generation. Without proper handling system, this will cause serious problems towards human and environmental. Nevertheless, with proper treatment, these ashes are applicable in many areas specially building construction materials. Coal Bottom Ash, Coal Fly Ash and Cenosphere are three main wastes produced from power plant. The aim of this study is to determine the characteristics of samples collected from different parts of Malaysia Power Plant. Characterization testing involved included surface morphology, chemical composition (oxides), chemical components, amorphousness, and particle size distribution testing. From this study, CBA have more angular-shaped particles compared to CFA which is smoother surface morphology. However, Cenosphere shown the most uniform and spherical shaped particles. EDS testing shown Existing CBA have highest Carbon content (46%) while Cenosphere is lowest (11.38%). The percentage oxides contents for all samples demonstrate more than 70% of Total SiO2 + Al2O3 + Fe2O3. Hence, all ashes considered as Class F (pozzolanic). CBA, SFA, CFA and cenosphere has significantly more amorphous phases of silica and alumina, and this will increase the concrete strength. Due to agglomeration of ashes on ash pond, the cumulative PSDs results shown that the particle size of the existing sample obtained larger than the new sample. Minimum particles size of SFA (New Dry) is 2 µm while SFA (Existing 2) is 20 µm. From characteristic determination above, it shown that each type of ashes has its own uniqueness and capability to be applied wide range of applications.