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Aim and background: Searching is ongoing to find an alternative prophylactic magnesium sulphate regimen for severe preeclampsia despite 24 hours recommendation of the World Health Organization (WHO). This review finds the provision of any such substitute prophylactic instead of the recommended ones searching through the recently published trials. Objectives: To endorse any alternative prophylactic magnesium sulphate regimen effective for severe preeclampsia. Methods: Data sources: Studies are retrieved from the bibliographic databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Eligibility Criteria, Participants, and Interventions: Included studies are recently published trials intended to compare the efficacy of different modified regimens of magnesium sulphate prophylaxis for women with severe preeclampsia in contrast to the standard regimen. Results: Out of a total of fifteen, eight studies evaluated different abbreviated regimens of magnesium sulphate prophylaxis. A lower maintenance dose of magnesium sulphate as preeclampsia-prophylaxis was assessed by two. In addition, four studies evaluated the efficacy of only loading doses of magnesium sulphate as prophylaxis. Finally, one study estimated a placebo in the postpartum period compared to the standard regimen. No incidence of eclampsia was reported in any group of eight studies. Even in the rest seven studies, eclampsia incidences did not appear significantly higher in the study group allocated for either abbreviated or low dose or loading-dose regimens. However, a statistically significant number of women in the study groups needed extension/reinstitution of prophylaxis. Low-dose and loading dose prophylaxis are found unsuitable for a recommendation. Apart from the established safety potential, abbreviated/short-course prophylaxes of magnesium sulphate have been found to generate different secondary benefits. Conclusions: The abbreviated postpartum regimen of magnesium sulphate can be recommended as prophylaxis for severe preeclampsia instead of recommended schedule if applied judicially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malignant phylloides tumor is a relatively rare and rapidly growing tumor of the breast. Presentation during pregnancy is uncommon. Reports regarding malignancy in these tumors differ greatly in incidence, and most of them are stromal malignancies. We report this case in which 24-year old primigravid patient in the 36th week of her pregnancy had a malignant phylloides tumor of breast with sudden growth and fine needle aspiration cytology of the breast was positive for malignancy. Ultimately after her caesarean delivery, excision biopsy was in favor of a malignant process. Pregnancy with nulliparous prolapse is also a rare condition. Those conditions are not associated with each other, but presence of two rare conditions in the same time in the same person is unique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sex education aims to reduce the risks of potentially negative outcome from sexual behavior such as fear and stigma of menstruation, unwanted and unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections including HIV. Hence, this study was conducted to determine sex education knowledge level of school going adolescents in semi urban area of Midnapore, West Bengal, India., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two selected premier secondary school of girls in the Midnapore Town from September - October 2007. A total of 521 adolescent aged 10-19 years were selected randomly from two secondary schools of girls. However, schools were selected purposively. All information was collected by using open-ended pre-tested questionnaire., Results: Of the total subjects 94.2% of them were in the age of 13-16 years. Nearly, 94% respondents reported their age at menarche and maximum i.e. 54% respondents experienced in the age of 11 - 13 years. It was observed that 18%, 60.7% and 21.3% of the respondents had good knowledge, moderate or some knowledge and very poor knowledge of puberty, pubertal problems and their prevention. Thirty three percent said that they had faced one or some other kind of physical problems and out of them 60% indicated that they had visited to a doctor for their problems. The suffering of any gynecological problems had 2.48 (95% CI: 1.42 - 4.36) and 1.94 (95% CI: 1.01 - 3.73) times greater among subjects with little or some knowledge and minimum or no knowledge compare to subjects with good knowledge of sex education., Conclusion: Thus, the results show that not only knowledge regarding sex education was poor among the subjects but also their knowledge regarding sexual infections including AIDS was not satisfactory. School based sex education programs are particularly good at providing information, skills development and attitude clarification in more formal way through lesson within the curriculum. Therefore, appropriate sex education program should be initiated from the adolescence to prevent health hazards.

The objective of this study is to find out the reasons behind drop out of the mothers from the prevention of parent to child transmission (PPTCT) programme, thereby going undiagnosed of their HIV serostatus. A retrospective 6-year study was undertaken among mothers attending antenatal clinic and the unbooked cases delivering at the medical college. The percentage of mothers taking pretest counselling was 95.19; 94.09 per cent agreed to have their blood tested among those who had registered at the antenatal clinic only. Of them, 33 were found to be seropositive, 12 being found in 2009 alone. But the daily average of unbooked cases delivering at this institution was 16.42 out of 28. And a huge number (58.9%) were unregistered ie, unknown HIV serostatus deliveries were taken place during this 6-year of study (2004-2009). By this study we have found out that our ignorance, work pressure and patients' lack of knowledge, fear of so called 'HIV-AIDS', social stigmas are creating the big gaps in PPTCT programme and thus made it unsuccessful.