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1. Gaia Data Release 3: Stellar multiplicity, a teaser for the hidden treasure

Author: Arenou, F., Babusiaux, C., Barstow, M.A., Aerts, C., Zhao, H, Zorec, J., Zucker, S., Arenou, F., Babusiaux, C., Barstow, M.A., Aerts, C., Zhao, H, Zorec, J., and Zucker, S.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 294445.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Published: 2023

2. Gaia Data Release 3: The extragalactic content

Author: Bailer-Jones, C.A. L., Teyssier, D., Delchambre, L., Ducourant, C., Garabato, D., Hatzidimitriou, D., Klioner, S.A., Rimoldini, L., Bellas-Velidis, I., Carballo, R., Carnerero, M.I., Diener, C., Fouesneau, M., Galluccio, L., Gavras, P., Krone-Martins, A., Raiteri, C.M., Teixeira, R., Brown, A.G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., de Bruijne, J.H. J., Arenou, F., Babusiaux, C., Biermann, M., Creevey, O.L., Evans, D.W., Eyer, L., Guerra, R., Hutton, A., Jordi, C., Lammers, U.L., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., Mignard, F., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Soubiran, C., Tanga, P., Walton, N.A., Bastian, U., Drimmel, R., Jansen, F., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M.G., van Leeuwen, F., Bakker, J., Cacciari, C., Castañeda, J., De Angeli, F., Fabricius, C., Frémat, Y., Guerrier, A., Heiter, U., Masana, E., Messineo, R., Mowlavi, N., Nicolas, C., Nienartowicz, K., Pailler, F., Panuzzo, P., Riclet, F., Roux, W., Seabroke, G.M., Sordo, R., Thévenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Portell, J., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Audard, M., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Burgess, P.W., Busonero, D., Busso, G., Cánovas, H., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Cheek, N., Clementini, G., Damerdji, Y., Davidson, M., de Teodoro, P., Campos, M. Nuñez, Dell'Oro, A., Esquej, P., Fernández-Hernández, J., Fraile, E., García-Lario, P., Gosset, E., Haigron, R., Halbwachs, J.-L., Hambly, N.C., Harrison, D.L., Hernández, J., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S.T., Holl, B., Janßen, K., de Fombelle, G. Jevardat, Jordan, S., Lanzafame, A.C., Löffler, W., Marchal, O., Marrese, P.M., Moitinho, A., Muinonen, K., Osborne, P., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Recio-Blanco, A., Reylé, C., Riello, M., Roegiers, T., Rybizki, J., Sarro, L.M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Sozzetti, A., Utrilla, E., van Leeuwen, M., Abbas, U., Ábrahám, P., Aramburu, A. Abreu, Aerts, C., Aguado, J.J., Ajaj, M., Aldea-Montero, F., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M.A., Alves, J., Anderson, R.I., Varela, E. Anglada, Antoja, T., Baines, D., Baker, S.G., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Balbinot, E., Balog, Z., Barache, C., Barbato, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M.A., Bartolomé, S., Bassilana, J.-L., Bauchet, N., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Berihuete, A., Bernet, M., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Binnenfeld, A., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Bombrun, A., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bragaglia, A., Bramante, L., Breedt, E., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Brugaletta, E., Bucciarelli, B., Burlacu, A., Butkevich, A.G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carlucci, T., Carrasco, J.M., Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Castro-Ginard, A., Chaoul, L., Charlot, P., Chemin, L., Chiaramida, V., Chiavassa, A., Chornay, N., Comoretto, G., Contursi, G., Cooper, W.J., Cornez, T., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Cropper, M., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Dafonte, C., Dapergolas, A., David, P., de Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., De Ridder, J., de Souza, R., de Torres, A., del Peloso, E.F., del Pozo, E., Delbo, M., Delgado, A., Delisle, J.-B., Demouchy, C., Dharmawardena, T.E., Diakite, S., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Enke, H., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Figueras, F., Fournier, Y., Fouron, C., Fragkoudi, F., Gai, M., Garcia-Gutierrez, A., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., García-Torres, M., Garofalo, A., Gavel, A., Gerlach, E., Geyer, R., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomel, R., Gomez, A., González-Núñez, J., González-Santamaría, I., González-Vidal, J.J., Granvik, M., Guillout, P., Guiraud, J., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Guy, L.P., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Helmer, A., Helmi, A., Sarmiento, M.H., Hidalgo, S.L., Hilger, T., Hładczuk, N., Hobbs, D., Holland, G., Huckle, H.E., Jardine, K., Jasniewicz, G., Piccolo, A. Jean-Antoine, Jiménez-Arranz, Ó., Campillo, J. Juaristi, Julbe, F., Karbevska, L., Kervella, P., Khanna, S., Kontizas, M., Kordopatis, G., Korn, A.J., Kóspál, Á., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Kruszynska, K., Kun, M., Laizeau, P., Lambert, S., Lanza, A.F., Lasne, Y., Le Campion, J.-F., Lebreton, Y., Lebzelter, T., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Liao, S., Licata, E.L., Lindstrøm, H.E. P., Lister, T.A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., Lorca, A., Loup, C., Pardo, P. Madrero, Romeo, A. Magdaleno, Managau, S., Mann, R.G., Manteiga, M., Marchant, J.M., Marconi, M., Marcos, J., Santos, M.M.S. Marcos, Pina, D. Marín, Marinoni, S., Marocco, F., Marshall, D.J., Polo, L. Martin, Martín-Fleitas, J.M., Marton, G., Mary, N., Masip, A., Massari, D., Mastrobuono-Battisti, A., Mazeh, T., McMillan, P.J., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N.R., Mints, A., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnár, L., Monari, G., Monguió, M., Montegriffo, P., Montero, A., Mor, R., Mora, A., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morris, D., Muraveva, T., Murphy, C.P., Musella, I., Nagy, Z., Noval, L., Ocaña, F., Ogden, A., Ordenovic, C., Osinde, J.O., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Palaversa, L., Palicio, P.A., Pallas-Quintela, L., Panahi, A., Payne-Wardenaar, S., Esteller, X. Peñalosa, Penttilä, A., Pichon, B., Piersimoni, A.M., Pineau, F.-X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rainer, M., Ramos, P., Ramos-Lerate, M., Fiorentin, P. Re, Regibo, S., Richards, P.J., Diaz, C. Rios, Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rix, H.-W., Rixon, G., Robichon, N., Robin, A.C., Robin, C., Roelens, M., Rogues, H.R. O., Rohrbasser, L., Romero-Gómez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Mieres, D. Ruz, Rybicki, K.A., Sadowski, G., Núñez, A. Sáez, Sellés, A. Sagristà, Sahlmann, J., Salguero, E., Samaras, N., Gimenez, V. Sanchez, Sanna, N., Santoveña, R., Sarasso, M., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J.C., Ségransan, D., Semeux, D., Shahaf, S., Siddiqui, H.I., Siebert, A., Siltala, L., Silvelo, A., Slezak, E., Slezak, I., Smart, R.L., Snaith, O.N., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Souami, D., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spina, L., Spoto, F., Steele, I.A., Steidelmüller, H., Stephenson, C.A., Süveges, M., Surdej, J., Szabados, L., Szegedi-Elek, E., Taris, F., Taylor, M.B., Tolomei, L., Tonello, N., Torra, F., Torra, J., Torralba Elipe, G., Trabucchi, M., Tsounis, A.T., Turon, C., Ulla, A., Unger, N., Vaillant, M.V., van Dillen, E., van Reeven, W., Vanel, O., Vecchiato, A., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Voutsinas, S., Weiler, M., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Yoldas, A., Yvard, P., Zhao, H., Zorec, J., Zucker, S., Zwitter, T., Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade da Coruña, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Max-Planck Institute for Astronomy, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117, Heidelberg, Germany, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (OATo), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas [São Paulo] (IAG), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Manchester, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), HEP, INSPIRE, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Gaia
Subjects: Astrophysics and Astronomy, general [quasars], [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], astro-ph.GA, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, surveys, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, general [galaxies]
Abstract: The Gaia Galactic survey mission is designed and optimized to obtain astrometry, photometry, and spectroscopy of nearly two billion stars in our Galaxy. Yet as an all-sky multi-epoch survey, Gaia also observes several million extragalactic objects down to a magnitude of G~21 mag. Due to the nature of the Gaia onboard selection algorithms, these are mostly point-source-like objects. Using data provided by the satellite, we have identified quasar and galaxy candidates via supervised machine learning methods, and estimate their redshifts using the low resolution BP/RP spectra. We further characterise the surface brightness profiles of host galaxies of quasars and of galaxies from pre-defined input lists. Here we give an overview of the processing of extragalactic objects, describe the data products in Gaia DR3, and analyse their properties. Two integrated tables contain the main results for a high completeness, but low purity (50-70%), set of 6.6 million candidate quasars and 4.8 million candidate galaxies. We provide queries that select purer sub-samples of these containing 1.9 million probable quasars and 2.9 million probable galaxies (both 95% purity). We also use high quality BP/RP spectra of 43 thousand high probability quasars over the redshift range 0.05-4.36 to construct a composite quasar spectrum spanning restframe wavelengths from 72-100 nm., Accepted to A&A
Published: 2023
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3. The status and future of EUV astronomy

Author: Barstow, M.A., Casewell, S.L., Holberg, J.B., and Kowalski, M.P.
Published: 2014
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4. Gaia Early Data Release 3: Structure and properties of the Magellanic Clouds

Author: Luri, X. Chemin, L. Clementini, G. Delgado, H.E. McMillan, P.J. Romero-Gómez, M. Balbinot, E. Castro-Ginard, A. Mor, R. Ripepi, V. Sarro, L.M. Cioni, M.-R.L. Fabricius, C. Garofalo, A. Helmi, A. Muraveva, T. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Creevey, O.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Hutton, A. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Van Leeuwen, F. Bakker, J. Castañeda, J. De Angeli, F. Ducourant, C. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Guerra, R. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nicolas, C. Nienartowicz, K. Pailler, F. Panuzzo, P. Riclet, F. Roux, W. Seabroke, G.M. Sordo, R. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Portell, J. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Brugaletta, E. Burgess, P.W. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Cheek, N. Damerdji, Y. Davidson, M. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Fernández-Hernández, J. Galluccio, L. García-Lario, P. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. González-Núñez, J. Gosset, E. Haigron, R. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hatzidimitriou, D. Heiter, U. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Holl, B. Janßen, K. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jordan, S. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Löffler, W. Lorca, A. Manteiga, M. Marchal, O. Marrese, P.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osborne, P. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Roegiers, T. Rybizki, J. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Aguado, J.J. Ajaj, M. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Álvarez Cid-Fuentes, J. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Anglada Varela, E. Antoja, T. Audard, M. Baines, D. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balog, Z. Barache, C. Barbato, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartolomé, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Bauchet, N. Baudesson-Stella, A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bernet, M. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Bombrun, A. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breedt, E. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cánovas, H. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carnerero, M.I. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro Sampol, P. Chaoul, L. Charlot, P. Chiavassa, A. Comoretto, G. Cooper, W.J. Cornez, T. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Dafonte, C. Dapergolas, A. David, M. David, P. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Ridder, J. De Souza, R. De Teodoro, P. De Torres, A. Del Peloso, E.F. Del Pozo, E. Delgado, A. Delisle, J.-B. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Eappachen, D. Enke, H. Esquej, P. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Fienga, A. Figueras, F. Fouron, C. Fragkoudi, F. Fraile, E. Franke, F. Gai, M. Garabato, D. Garcia-Gutierrez, A. García-Torres, M. Gavras, P. Gerlach, E. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Gomez, A. Gonzalez-Santamaria, I. González-Vidal, J.J. Granvik, M. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Guy, L.P. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Hidalgo, S.L. Hilger, T. Hładczuk, N. Hobbs, D. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Jasniewicz, G. Jonker, P.G. Juaristi Campillo, J. Julbe, F. Karbevska, L. Kervella, P. Khanna, S. Kochoska, A. Kontizas, M. Kordopatis, G. Korn, A.J. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Kruszyńska, K. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Le Campion, J.-F. Le Fustec, Y. Lebreton, Y. Lebzelter, T. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. Madrero Pardo, P. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marcos Santos, M.M.S. Marinoni, S. Marocco, F. Marshall, D.J. Martin Polo, L. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Masip, A. Massari, D. Mastrobuono-Battisti, A. Mazeh, T. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Mints, A. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Munoz, D. Murphy, C.P. Musella, I. Noval, L. Ordénovic, C. Orrù, G. Osinde, J. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Palaversa, L. Palicio, P.A. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Peñalosa Esteller, X. Penttilä, A. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poretti, E. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rainer, M. Raiteri, C.M. Rambaux, N. Ramos, P. Ramos-Lerate, M. Re Fiorentin, P. Regibo, S. Reylé, C. Riva, A. Rixon, G. Robichon, N. Robin, C. Roelens, M. Rohrbasser, L. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Rybicki, K.A. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, A. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Samaras, N. Gimenez, V.S. Sanna, N. Santoveña, R. Sarasso, M. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Semeux, D. Siddiqui, H.I. Siebert, A. Siltala, L. Slezak, E. Smart, R.L. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Souami, D. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Süveges, M. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Thuillot, W. Tonello, N. Torra, F. Torra, J. Turon, C. Unger, N. Vaillant, M. Van Dillen, E. Vanel, O. Vecchiato, A. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Voutsinas, S. Weiler, M. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, L. Yoldas, A. Yvard, P. Zhao, H. Zorec, J. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Abstract: Context. This work is part of the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium papers published with the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3). It is one of the demonstration papers aiming to highlight the improvements and quality of the newly published data by applying them to a scientific case. Aims. We use the Gaia EDR3 data to study the structure and kinematics of the Magellanic Clouds. The large distance to the Clouds is a challenge for the Gaia astrometry. The Clouds lie at the very limits of the usability of the Gaia data, which makes the Clouds an excellent case study for evaluating the quality and properties of the Gaia data. Methods. The basis of our work are two samples selected to provide a representation as clean as possible of the stars of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The selection used criteria based on position, parallax, and proper motions to remove foreground contamination from the Milky Way, and allowed the separation of the stars of both Clouds. From these two samples we defined a series of subsamples based on cuts in the colour-magnitude diagram; these subsamples were used to select stars in a common evolutionary phase and can also be used as approximate proxies of a selection by age. Results. We compared the Gaia Data Release 2 and Gaia EDR3 performances in the study of the Magellanic Clouds and show the clear improvements in precision and accuracy in the new release. We also show that the systematics still present in the data make the determination of the 3D geometry of the LMC a difficult endeavour; this is at the very limit of the usefulness of the Gaia EDR3 astrometry, but it may become feasible with the use of additional external data. We derive radial and tangential velocity maps and global profiles for the LMC for the several subsamples we defined. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the two planar components of the ordered and random motions are derived for multiple stellar evolutionary phases in a galactic disc outside the Milky Way, showing the differences between younger and older phases. We also analyse the spatial structure and motions in the central region, the bar, and the disc, providing new insightsinto features and kinematics. Finally, we show that the Gaia EDR3 data allows clearly resolving the Magellanic Bridge, and we trace the density and velocity flow of the stars from the SMC towards the LMC not only globally, but also separately for young and evolved populations. This allows us to confirm an evolved population in the Bridge that is slightly shift from the younger population. Additionally, we were able to study the outskirts of both Magellanic Clouds, in which we detected some well-known features and indications of new ones. © ESO 2021.
Published: 2021

5. Gaia Early Data Release 3: Acceleration of the Solar System from Gaia astrometry

Author: Klioner, S.A. Mignard, F. Lindegren, L. Bastian, U. McMillan, P.J. Hernández, J. Hobbs, D. Ramos-Lerate, M. Biermann, M. Bombrun, A. De Torres, A. Gerlach, E. Geyer, R. Hilger, T. Lammers, U. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Babusiaux, C. Creevey, O.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Hutton, A. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Luri, X. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Van Leeuwen, F. Bakker, J. Castañeda, J. De Angeli, F. Ducourant, C. Fabricius, C. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Guerra, R. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nicolas, C. Nienartowicz, K. Pailler, F. Panuzzo, P. Riclet, F. Roux, W. Seabroke, G.M. Sordo, R. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Portell, J. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Brugaletta, E. Burgess, P.W. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Cheek, N. Clementini, G. Damerdji, Y. Davidson, M. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Fernández-Hernández, J. Galluccio, L. García-Lario, P. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. González-Núñez, J. Gosset, E. Haigron, R. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hatzidimitriou, D. Heiter, U. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Holl, B. Janßen, K. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jordan, S. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Löffler, W. Lorca, A. Manteiga, M. Marchal, O. Marrese, P.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osborne, P. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Roegiers, T. Rybizki, J. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Aguado, J.J. Ajaj, M. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Álvarez Cid-Fuentes, J. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Anglada Varela, E. Antoja, T. Audard, M. Baines, D. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balbinot, E. Balog, Z. Barache, C. Barbato, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartolomé, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Bauchet, N. Baudesson-Stella, A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bernet, M. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bramante, L. Breedt, E. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cánovas, H. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carnerero, M.I. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Castro Sampol, P. Chaoul, L. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Comoretto, G. Cooper, W.J. Cornez, T. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Dafonte, C. Dapergolas, A. David, M. David, P. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Ridder, J. De Souza, R. De Teodoro, P. Del Peloso, E.F. Del Pozo, E. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Delisle, J.-B. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Eappachen, D. Enke, H. Esquej, P. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Fienga, A. Figueras, F. Fouron, C. Fragkoudi, F. Fraile, E. Franke, F. Gai, M. Garabato, D. Garcia-Gutierrez, A. García-Torres, M. Garofalo, A. Gavras, P. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Gomez, A. Gonzalez-Santamaria, I. González-Vidal, J.J. Granvik, M. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Guy, L.P. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Helmi, A. Hidalgo, S.L. Hładczuk, N. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Jasniewicz, G. Jonker, P.G. Juaristi Campillo, J. Julbe, F. Karbevska, L. Kervella, P. Khanna, S. Kochoska, A. Kordopatis, G. Korn, A.J. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Kruszyńska, K. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Le Campion, J.-F. Le Fustec, Y. Lebreton, Y. Lebzelter, T. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. Madrero Pardo, P. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marcos Santos, M.M.S. Marinoni, S. Marocco, F. Marshall, D.J. Martin Polo, L. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Masip, A. Massari, D. Mastrobuono-Battisti, A. Mazeh, T. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Mints, A. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Munoz, D. Muraveva, T. Murphy, C.P. Musella, I. Noval, L. Ordénovic, C. Orrù, G. Osinde, J. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Palaversa, L. Palicio, P.A. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Peñalosa Esteller, X. Penttilä, A. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poretti, E. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rainer, M. Raiteri, C.M. Rambaux, N. Ramos, P. Re Fiorentin, P. Regibo, S. Reylé, C. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rixon, G. Robichon, N. Robin, C. Roelens, M. Rohrbasser, L. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Rybicki, K.A. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, A. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Samaras, N. Sanchez Gimenez, V. Sanna, N. Santoveña, R. Sarasso, M. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Semeux, D. Siddiqui, H.I. Siebert, A. Siltala, L. Slezak, E. Smart, R.L. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Souami, D. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Steele, I.A. Süveges, M. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Thuillot, W. Tonello, N. Torra, F. Torra, J. Turon, C. Unger, N. Vaillant, M. Van Dillen, E. Vanel, O. Vecchiato, A. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Voutsinas, S. Weiler, M. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, L. Yoldas, A. Yvard, P. Zhao, H. Zorec, J. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Abstract: Context. Gaia Early Data Release 3 (Gaia EDR3) provides accurate astrometry for about 1.6 million compact (QSO-like) extragalactic sources, 1.2 million of which have the best-quality five-parameter astrometric solutions. Aims. The proper motions of QSO-like sources are used to reveal a systematic pattern due to the acceleration of the solar systembarycentre with respect to the rest frame of the Universe. Apart from being an important scientific result by itself, the acceleration measured in this way is a good quality indicator of the Gaia astrometric solution. Methods. Theeffect of the acceleration was obtained as a part of the general expansion of the vector field of proper motions in vector spherical harmonics (VSH). Various versions of the VSH fit and various subsets of the sources were tried and compared to get the most consistent result and a realistic estimate of its uncertainty. Additional tests with the Gaia astrometric solution were used to get a better idea of the possible systematic errors in the estimate. Results. Our best estimate of the acceleration based on Gaia EDR3 is (2.32 ± 0.16) × 10-10 m s-2 (or 7.33 ±0.51 km s-1 Myr-1) towards α = 269.1° ± 5.4°, δ = -31.6° ± 4.1°, corresponding to a proper motion amplitude of 5.05 ±0.35 μas yr-1. This is in good agreement with the acceleration expected from current models of the Galactic gravitational potential. We expect that future Gaia data releases will provide estimates of the acceleration with uncertainties substantially below 0.1 μas yr-1. © ESO 2021.
Published: 2021

6. Gaia Early Data Release 3: The Gaia Catalogue of Nearby Stars

Author: Smart, R.L. Sarro, L.M. Rybizki, J. Reylé, C. Robin, A.C. Hambly, N.C. Abbas, U. Barstow, M.A. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bucciarelli, B. Carrasco, J.M. Cooper, W.J. Hodgkin, S.T. Masana, E. Michalik, D. Sahlmann, J. Sozzetti, A. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Creevey, O.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Hutton, A. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Van Leeuwen, F. Bakker, J. Castañeda, J. De Angeli, F. Ducourant, C. Fabricius, C. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Guerra, R. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nicolas, C. Nienartowicz, K. Pailler, F. Panuzzo, P. Riclet, F. Roux, W. Seabroke, G.M. Sordo, R. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Portell, J. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Brugaletta, E. Burgess, P.W. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Cheek, N. Clementini, G. Damerdji, Y. Davidson, M. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Fernández-Hernández, J. Galluccio, L. García-Lario, P. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. González-Núñez, J. Gosset, E. Haigron, R. Halbwachs, J.-L. Harrison, D.L. Hatzidimitriou, D. Heiter, U. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Holl, B. Janßen, K. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jordan, S. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Löffler, W. Lorca, A. Manteiga, M. Marchal, O. Marrese, P.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osborne, P. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Rimoldini, L. Roegiers, T. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Van Reeven, W. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Aguado, J.J. Ajaj, M. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Álvarez Cid-Fuentes, J. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Anglada Varela, E. Antoja, T. Audard, M. Baines, D. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balbinot, E. Balog, Z. Barache, C. Barbato, D. Barros, M. Bartolomé, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Bauchet, N. Baudesson-Stella, A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bernet, M. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Bombrun, A. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breedt, E. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cánovas, H. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carnerero, M.I. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Castro Sampol, P. Chaoul, L. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Cioni, M.-R.L. Comoretto, G. Cornez, T. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Dafonte, C. Dapergolas, A. David, M. David, P. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Ridder, J. De Souza, R. De Teodoro, P. De Torres, A. Del Peloso, E.F. Del Pozo, E. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Delisle, J.-B. DI Matteo, P. DIakite, S. DIener, C. DIstefano, E. Dolding, C. Eappachen, D. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Esquej, P. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Fienga, A. Figueras, F. Fouron, C. Fragkoudi, F. Fraile, E. Franke, F. Gai, M. Garabato, D. Garcia-Gutierrez, A. García-Torres, M. Garofalo, A. Gavras, P. Gerlach, E. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Gomel, R. Gomez, A. Gonzalez-Santamaria, I. González-Vidal, J.J. Granvik, M. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Guy, L.P. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Helmi, A. Hidalgo, S.L. Hilger, T. Hładczuk, N. Hobbs, D. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Jasniewicz, G. Jonker, P.G. Juaristi Campillo, J. Julbe, F. Karbevska, L. Kervella, P. Khanna, S. Kochoska, A. Kontizas, M. Kordopatis, G. Korn, A.J. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Kruszyńska, K. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Le Campion, J.-F. Le Fustec, Y. Lebreton, Y. Lebzelter, T. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. Madrero Pardo, P. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marcos Santos, M.M.S. Marinoni, S. Marocco, F. Marshall, D.J. Martin Polo, L. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Masip, A. Massari, D. Mastrobuono-Battisti, A. Mazeh, T. McMillan, P.J. Messina, S. Millar, N.R. Mints, A. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Munoz, D. Muraveva, T. Murphy, C.P. Musella, I. Noval, L. Ordénovic, C. Orrù, G. Osinde, J. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Palaversa, L. Palicio, P.A. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Peñalosa Esteller, X. Penttilä, A. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poretti, E. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rainer, M. Raiteri, C.M. Rambaux, N. Ramos, P. Ramos-Lerate, M. Re Fiorentin, P. Regibo, S. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rixon, G. Robichon, N. Robin, C. Roelens, M. Rohrbasser, L. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Rybicki, K.A. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, A. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Samaras, N. Sanchez Gimenez, V. Sanna, N. Santoveña, R. Sarasso, M. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Semeux, D. Shahaf, S. Siddiqui, H.I. Siebert, A. Siltala, L. Slezak, E. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Souami, D. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Süveges, M. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Thuillot, W. Tonello, N. Torra, F. Torra, J. Turon, C. Unger, N. Vaillant, M. Van DIllen, E. Vanel, O. Vecchiato, A. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Voutsinas, S. Weiler, M. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, L. Yoldas, A. Yvard, P. Zhao, H. Zorec, J. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Abstract: Aims. We produce a clean and well-characterised catalogue of objects within 100 pc of the Sun from the Gaia Early Data Release 3. We characterise the catalogue through comparisons to the full data release, external catalogues, and simulations. We carry out a first analysis of the science that is possible with this sample to demonstrate its potential and best practices for its use. Methods. Theselection of objects within 100 pc from the full catalogue used selected training sets, machine-learning procedures, astrometric quantities, and solution quality indicators to determine a probability that the astrometric solution is reliable. The training set construction exploited the astrometric data, quality flags, and external photometry. For all candidates we calculated distance posterior probability densities using Bayesian procedures and mock catalogues to define priors. Any object with reliable astrometry and a non-zero probability of being within 100 pc is included in the catalogue. Results. We have produced a catalogue of 331 312 objects that we estimate contains at least 92% of stars of stellar type M9 within 100 pc of the Sun. We estimate that 9% of the stars in this catalogue probably lie outside 100 pc, but when the distance probability function is used, a correct treatment of this contamination is possible. We produced luminosity functions with a high signal-to-noise ratio for the main-sequence stars, giants, and white dwarfs. We examined in detail the Hyades cluster, the white dwarf population, and wide-binary systems and produced candidate lists for all three samples. We detected local manifestations of several streams, superclusters, and halo objects, in which we identified 12 members of Gaia Enceladus. We present the first direct parallaxes of five objects in multiple systems within 10 pc of the Sun. Conclusions. We provide the community with a large, well-characterised catalogue of objects in the solar neighbourhood. This is a primary benchmark for measuring and understanding fundamental parameters and descriptive functions in astronomy. © ESO 2021.
Published: 2021

7. Gaia Early Data Release 3: The Galactic anticentre

Author: Antoja, T. McMillan, P.J. Kordopatis, G. Ramos, P. Helmi, A. Balbinot, E. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Chemin, L. Figueras, F. Jordi, C. Khanna, S. Romero-Gómez, M. Seabroke, G.M. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Creevey, O.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Hutton, A. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Van Leeuwen, F. Bakker, J. Castañeda, J. De Angeli, F. Ducourant, C. Fabricius, C. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Guerra, R. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nicolas, C. Nienartowicz, K. Pailler, F. Panuzzo, P. Riclet, F. Roux, W. Sordo, R. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Portell, J. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Brugaletta, E. Burgess, P.W. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Cheek, N. Clementini, G. Damerdji, Y. Davidson, M. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Fernández-Hernández, J. Galluccio, L. García-Lario, P. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. González-Núñez, J. Gosset, E. Haigron, R. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hatzidimitriou, D. Heiter, U. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Holl, B. Janßen, K. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jordan, S. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Löffler, W. Lorca, A. Manteiga, M. Marchal, O. Marrese, P.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osborne, P. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Roegiers, T. Rybizki, J. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Aguado, J.J. Ajaj, M. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Álvarez Cid-Fuentes, J. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Varela, E.A. Audard, M. Baines, D. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balog, Z. Barache, C. Barbato, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartolomé, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Bauchet, N. Baudesson-Stella, A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bernet, M. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Bombrun, A. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breedt, E. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cánovas, H. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carnerero, M.I. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Castro Sampol, P. Chaoul, L. Charlot, P. Chiavassa, A. Cioni, M.-R.L. Comoretto, G. Cooper, W.J. Cornez, T. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Dafonte, C. Dapergolas, A. David, M. David, P. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Ridder, J. De Souza, R. De Teodoro, P. De Torres, A. Del Peloso, E.F. Del Pozo, E. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Delisle, J.-B. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Eappachen, D. Enke, H. Esquej, P. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Fienga, A. Fouron, C. Fragkoudi, F. Fraile, E. Franke, F. Gai, M. Garabato, D. Garcia-Gutierrez, A. García-Torres, M. Garofalo, A. Gavras, P. Gerlach, E. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Gomez, A. Gonzalez-Santamaria, I. González-Vidal, J.J. Granvik, M. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Guy, L.P. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Hidalgo, S.L. Hilger, T. Hładczuk, N. Hobbs, D. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Jasniewicz, G. Jonker, P.G. Juaristi Campillo, J. Julbe, F. Karbevska, L. Kervella, P. Kochoska, A. Kontizas, M. Korn, A.J. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Kruszyńska, K. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Le Campion, J.-F. Le Fustec, Y. Lebreton, Y. Lebzelter, T. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. Madrero Pardo, P. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marcos Santos, M.M.S. Marinoni, S. Marocco, F. Marshall, D.J. Martin Polo, L. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Masip, A. Massari, D. Mastrobuono-Battisti, A. Mazeh, T. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Mints, A. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Munoz, D. Muraveva, T. Murphy, C.P. Musella, I. Noval, L. Ordénovic, C. Orrù, G. Osinde, J. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Palaversa, L. Palicio, P.A. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Peñalosa Esteller, X. Penttilä, A. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poretti, E. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rainer, M. Raiteri, C.M. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Re Fiorentin, P. Regibo, S. Reylé, C. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rixon, G. Robichon, N. Robin, C. Roelens, M. Rohrbasser, L. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Rybicki, K.A. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, A. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Samaras, N. Sanchez Gimenez, V. Sanna, N. Santoveña, R. Sarasso, M. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Semeux, D. Siddiqui, H.I. Siebert, A. Siltala, L. Slezak, E. Smart, R.L. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Souami, D. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Süveges, M. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Thuillot, W. Tonello, N. Torra, F. Torra, J. Turon, C. Unger, N. Vaillant, M. Van Dillen, E. Vanel, O. Vecchiato, A. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Voutsinas, S. Weiler, M. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, L. Yoldas, A. Yvard, P. Zhao, H. Zorec, J. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Subjects: Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Aims. We aim to demonstrate the scientific potential of the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) for the study of different aspects of the Milky Way structure and evolution and we provide, at the same time, a description of several practical aspects of the data and examples of their usage. Methods. We used astrometric positions, proper motions, parallaxes, and photometry from EDR3 to select different populations and components and to calculate the distances and velocities in the direction of the anticentre. In this direction, the Gaia astrometric data alone enable the calculation of the vertical and azimuthal velocities; also, the extinction is relatively low compared to other directions in the Galactic plane. We then explore the disturbances of the current disc, the spatial and kinematical distributions of early accreted versus in situ stars, the structures in the outer parts of the disc, and the orbits of open clusters Berkeley 29 and Saurer 1. Results. With the improved astrometry and photometry of EDR3, we find that: (i) the dynamics of the Galactic disc are very complex with oscillations in the median rotation and vertical velocities as a function of radius, vertical asymmetries, and new correlations, including a bimodality with disc stars with large angular momentum moving vertically upwards from below the plane, and disc stars with slightly lower angular momentum moving preferentially downwards; (ii) we resolve the kinematic substructure (diagonal ridges) in the outer parts of the disc for the first time; (iii) the red sequence that has been associated with the proto-Galactic disc that was present at the time of the merger with Gaia-Enceladus-Sausage is currently radially concentrated up to around 14 kpc, while the blue sequence that has been associated with debris of the satellite extends beyond that; (iv) there are density structures in the outer disc, both above and below the plane, most probably related to Monoceros, the Anticentre Stream, and TriAnd, for which the Gaia data allow an exhaustive selection of candidate member stars and dynamical study; and (v) the open clusters Berkeley 29 and Saurer 1, despite being located at large distances from the Galactic centre, are on nearly circular disc-like orbits. Conclusions. Even with our simple preliminary exploration of the Gaia EDR3, we demonstrate how, once again, these data from the European Space Agency are crucial for our understanding of the different pieces of our Galaxy and their connection to its global structure and history. © ESO 2021.
Published: 2021

8. Study of periodicities of the DAV white dwarf G 117-B15A with the Whole Earth Telescope

Author: Kepler S.O., Winget D.E., Nather R.E., Bradley P.A., Robinson E.L., Grauer A.D., Fontaine G., Bergeron P., Vauclair G., Claver C.F., Marar T.M.K., Seetha S., Ashoka B.N., Mazeh T., Leibowitz E.M., Dolez N., Chevreton M., Barstow M.A., Clemens J.C., Kleinman S.J., Sansom A.E., Tweedy R.W., Kanaan A., Hine B.P., Provencal J.L., Wood M.A., Wesemael F., Solheim J.-E., and Emanuelsen P.-I.
Subjects: Astronomy, QB1-991
Published: 1995
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9. Whole Earth Telescope observations and seismological analysis of the cool TIL Ceti star GD 154

Author: Pfeiffer B., Vauclair G., Dolez N., Chevreton M., Fremy J.-R., Barstow M.A., Belmonte J.A., Kepler S.O., Kanaan A., Giovannini O., Fontaine G., Bergeron P., Wesemael F., Grauer A.D., Nather R.E., Winget D.E., Provencal J., Clemens J.C., Bradley P., Dixson J.S., Kleinman S.J., Watson T.K., Claver C.F., Mazeh T., Leibowitz E.M., and Moskalik P.
Subjects: Astronomy, QB1-991
Published: 1995
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10. Gaia Early Data Release 3: The Gaia Catalogue of Nearby Stars

Author: Smart, R.L. Sarro, L.M. Rybizki, J. Reylé, C. Robin, A.C. Hambly, N.C. Abbas, U. Barstow, M.A. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bucciarelli, B. Carrasco, J.M. Cooper, W.J. Hodgkin, S.T. Masana, E. Michalik, D. Sahlmann, J. Sozzetti, A. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Creevey, O.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Hutton, A. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Van Leeuwen, F. Bakker, J. Castañeda, J. De Angeli, F. Ducourant, C. Fabricius, C. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Guerra, R. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nicolas, C. Nienartowicz, K. Pailler, F. Panuzzo, P. Riclet, F. Roux, W. Seabroke, G.M. Sordo, R. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Portell, J. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Brugaletta, E. Burgess, P.W. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Cheek, N. Clementini, G. Damerdji, Y. Davidson, M. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Fernández-Hernández, J. Galluccio, L. García-Lario, P. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. González-Núñez, J. Gosset, E. Haigron, R. Halbwachs, J.-L. Harrison, D.L. Hatzidimitriou, D. Heiter, U. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Holl, B. Janßen, K. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jordan, S. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Löffler, W. Lorca, A. Manteiga, M. Marchal, O. Marrese, P.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osborne, P. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Rimoldini, L. Roegiers, T. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Van Reeven, W. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Aguado, J.J. Ajaj, M. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Álvarez Cid-Fuentes, J. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Anglada Varela, E. Antoja, T. Audard, M. Baines, D. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balbinot, E. Balog, Z. Barache, C. Barbat and Smart, R.L. Sarro, L.M. Rybizki, J. Reylé, C. Robin, A.C. Hambly, N.C. Abbas, U. Barstow, M.A. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bucciarelli, B. Carrasco, J.M. Cooper, W.J. Hodgkin, S.T. Masana, E. Michalik, D. Sahlmann, J. Sozzetti, A. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Creevey, O.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Hutton, A. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Van Leeuwen, F. Bakker, J. Castañeda, J. De Angeli, F. Ducourant, C. Fabricius, C. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Guerra, R. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nicolas, C. Nienartowicz, K. Pailler, F. Panuzzo, P. Riclet, F. Roux, W. Seabroke, G.M. Sordo, R. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Portell, J. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Brugaletta, E. Burgess, P.W. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Cheek, N. Clementini, G. Damerdji, Y. Davidson, M. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Fernández-Hernández, J. Galluccio, L. García-Lario, P. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. González-Núñez, J. Gosset, E. Haigron, R. Halbwachs, J.-L. Harrison, D.L. Hatzidimitriou, D. Heiter, U. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Holl, B. Janßen, K. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jordan, S. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Löffler, W. Lorca, A. Manteiga, M. Marchal, O. Marrese, P.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osborne, P. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Rimoldini, L. Roegiers, T. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Van Reeven, W. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Aguado, J.J. Ajaj, M. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Álvarez Cid-Fuentes, J. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Anglada Varela, E. Antoja, T. Audard, M. Baines, D. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balbinot, E. Balog, Z. Barache, C. Barbat
Abstract: Aims. We produce a clean and well-characterised catalogue of objects within 100 pc of the Sun from the Gaia Early Data Release 3. We characterise the catalogue through comparisons to the full data release, external catalogues, and simulations. We carry out a first analysis of the science that is possible with this sample to demonstrate its potential and best practices for its use. Methods. Theselection of objects within 100 pc from the full catalogue used selected training sets, machine-learning procedures, astrometric quantities, and solution quality indicators to determine a probability that the astrometric solution is reliable. The training set construction exploited the astrometric data, quality flags, and external photometry. For all candidates we calculated distance posterior probability densities using Bayesian procedures and mock catalogues to define priors. Any object with reliable astrometry and a non-zero probability of being within 100 pc is included in the catalogue. Results. We have produced a catalogue of 331 312 objects that we estimate contains at least 92% of stars of stellar type M9 within 100 pc of the Sun. We estimate that 9% of the stars in this catalogue probably lie outside 100 pc, but when the distance probability function is used, a correct treatment of this contamination is possible. We produced luminosity functions with a high signal-to-noise ratio for the main-sequence stars, giants, and white dwarfs. We examined in detail the Hyades cluster, the white dwarf population, and wide-binary systems and produced candidate lists for all three samples. We detected local manifestations of several streams, superclusters, and halo objects, in which we identified 12 members of Gaia Enceladus. We present the first direct parallaxes of five objects in multiple systems within 10 pc of the Sun. Conclusions. We provide the community with a large, well-characterised catalogue of objects in the solar neighbourhood. This is a primary benchmark for measuring
Published: 2021

11. EUV spectroscopy in astrophysics: The role of compact objects

Author: Wood, K.S., Kowalski, M.P., Cruddace, R.G., and Barstow, M.A.
Published: 2006
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12. Erratum: Gaia Data Release 2: The kinematics of globular clusters and dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way (Astronomy and Astrophysics (2018) 616 (A12) DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201832698)

Author: Helmi, A. Van Leeuwen, F. McMillan, P.J. Massari, D. Antoja, T. Robin, A.C. Lindegren, L. Bastian, U. Arenou, F. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Breddels, M.A. Hobbs, D. Jordi, C. Pancino, E. Reylé, C. Veljanoski, J. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. Garciá-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Berihuete, A. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Boeche, C. Bombrun, A. Borrachero, R. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bourda, G. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Brugaletta, E. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cannizzaro, G. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Cocozza, G. Costigan, G. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Cuypers, J. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, P. David, M. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Martino, D. De Souza, R. De Torres, A. Debosscher, J. Del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Drazinos, P. Durán, J. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Eriksson, K. Esquej, P. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Figueras, F. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Frézouls, B. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Garabato, D. Garciá-Sedano, F. Garofalo, A. Garralda, N. Gavel, A. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Glass, F. Gomes, M. Granvik, M. Gueguen, A. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Heu, J. Hilger, T. Hofmann, W. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Janßen, K. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jonker, P.G. Juhász, Á.L. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kewley, A. Klar, J. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, M. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Koubsky, P. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Fustec, Y. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. López, M. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchal, O. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marinoni, S. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martino, M. Marton, G. Mary, N. Matijevič, G. Mazeh, T. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Muraveva, T. Musella, I. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. O'Mullane, W. Ordénovic, C. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Regibo, S. Riclet, F. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rivard, A. Rixon, G. Roegiers, T. Roelens, M. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sanna, N. Santana-Ros, T. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Shih, I.-C. Siltala, L. Silva, A.F. Smart, R.L. Smith, K.W. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Surdej, J. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Teyssandier, P. Thuillot, W. Titarenko, A. Torra Clotet, F. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Uzzi, S. Vaillant, M. Valentini, G. Valette, V. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Vaschetto, M. Vecchiato, A. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Von Essen, C. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Walmsley, G. Weiler, M. Wertz, O. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, Ł. Yoldas, A. Žerjal, M. Ziaeepour, H. Zorec, J. Zschocke, S. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Abstract: This is a corrigendum to Gaia Collaboration (2018). It corrects errors in Appendix B, which describes the modelling of the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC). One of these errors also affects Fig. 18 of the paper, which shows the rotation curve and median radial motion in the LMC. No other results in the paper are affected. There should be no vector products in Appendix B, and everywhere a vector product appears should be a scalar product. This affects Eqs. (B.5), (B.8), (B.10), (B.12), (B.13), and (B.20). Equation (B.10), which defines one component of position within the plane of the galaxy, contains an additional typographical error, and it should have read (Farmula Presented) Equation (B.21) is incorrect. The factor of (ax + by + z) is applied to the wrong part of the equation. It should have read (Farmula Presented) This error affects the derived deprojected motions of stars in the LMC, and means that changes in the observational signature of the bulk motion away from the centre are not properly accounted for. The effect becomes more significant further from the centre. Figure 1 shows the resulting median tangential velocity, vT (the rotation curve), and median radial velocity vR as a function of de-projected radius R for the LMC, which is otherwise produced in the same way as before. The major differences between this and the equivalent figure in Gaia Collaboration (2018) are as follows The rotation curve reaches a greater velocity (~85 km s-1 versus ~75 km s-1) and remains flat beyond 6 kpc, as opposed to starting to fall. The difference in asymmetric drift for the blue and red populations is clearer the blue population, which is typically younger than the redder population, is rotating faster. The apparent outward motion of the stellar populations is much smaller. The blue population has almost no net radial motion, while the red population has one of .8 km s-1 (as opposed to ~20 km s-1). The difference in radial motion between the y < 0 and y > 0 populations is dramatically reduced, as is the difference between the value derived assuming the known line-of-sight bulk motion and the one derived leaving this value free. © 2020 ESO.
Published: 2020

13. Erratum: Gaia Data Release 2: Kinematics of globular clusters and dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way (A&A (2018) 616 (A12) DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201832698)

Author: Helmi, A. Van Leeuwen, F. McMillan, P.J. Massari, D. Antoja, T. Robin, A.C. Lindegren, L. Bastian, U. Arenou, F. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Breddels, M.A. Hobbs, D. Jordi, C. Pancino, E. Reylé, C. Veljanoski, J. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Delloro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Berihuete, A. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Boeche, C. Bombrun, A. Borrachero, R. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bourda, G. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Brugaletta, E. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cannizzaro, G. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Cocozza, G. Costigan, G. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Cuypers, J. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, P. David, M. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Martino, D. De Souza, R. De Torres, A. Debosscher, J. Del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Drazinos, P. Durán, J. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Eriksson, K. Esquej, P. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Figueras, F. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Frézouls, B. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Garabato, D. García-Sedano, F. Garofalo, A. Garralda, N. Gavel, A. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Glass, F. Gomes, M. Granvik, M. Gueguen, A. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Heu, J. Hilger, T. Hofmann, W. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Janßen, K. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jonker, P.G. Juhász, Á.L. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kewley, A. Klar, J. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, M. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Koubsky, P. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Fustec, Y. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. López, M. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchal, O. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marinoni, S. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martino, M. Marton, G. Mary, N. Matijevič, G. Mazeh, T. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Muraveva, T. Musella, I. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. O'Mullane, W. Ordénovic, C. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Regibo, S. Riclet, F. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rivard, A. Rixon, G. Roegiers, T. Roelens, M. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sanna, N. Santana-Ros, T. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Shih, I.-C. Siltala, L. Silva, A.F. Smart, R.L. Smith, K.W. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Surdej, J. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Teyssandier, P. Thuillot, W. Titarenko, A. Torra Clotet, F. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Uzzi, S. Vaillant, M. Valentini, G. Valette, V. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Vaschetto, M. Vecchiato, A. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Von Essen, C. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Walmsley, G. Weiler, M. Wertz, O. Wevems, T. Wyrzykowski, Ł. Yoldas, A. Erjal, M. Ziaeepour, H. Zorec, J. Zschocke, S. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T. Helmi, A.
Abstract: An error occurred during the production process of the original published version. The following names were omitted from the author list: R. Haigron, D. Hatzidimitriou, M. Hauser, M. Haywood, U. Heiter, J. Heu, T. Hilger. The original published version has been corrected together with the publication of this corrigendum. © 2020 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved.
Published: 2020

14. Erratum: Gaia Data Release 2: The kinematics of globular clusters and dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way (Astronomy and Astrophysics (2018) 616 (A12) DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201832698)

Author: Helmi, A. Van Leeuwen, F. McMillan, P.J. Massari, D. Antoja, T. Robin, A.C. Lindegren, L. Bastian, U. Arenou, F. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Breddels, M.A. Hobbs, D. Jordi, C. Pancino, E. Reylé, C. Veljanoski, J. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. Garciá-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bar and Helmi, A. Van Leeuwen, F. McMillan, P.J. Massari, D. Antoja, T. Robin, A.C. Lindegren, L. Bastian, U. Arenou, F. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Breddels, M.A. Hobbs, D. Jordi, C. Pancino, E. Reylé, C. Veljanoski, J. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. Garciá-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bar
Abstract: This is a corrigendum to Gaia Collaboration (2018). It corrects errors in Appendix B, which describes the modelling of the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC). One of these errors also affects Fig. 18 of the paper, which shows the rotation curve and median radial motion in the LMC. No other results in the paper are affected. There should be no vector products in Appendix B, and everywhere a vector product appears should be a scalar product. This affects Eqs. (B.5), (B.8), (B.10), (B.12), (B.13), and (B.20). Equation (B.10), which defines one component of position within the plane of the galaxy, contains an additional typographical error, and it should have read (Farmula Presented) Equation (B.21) is incorrect. The factor of (ax + by + z) is applied to the wrong part of the equation. It should have read (Farmula Presented) This error affects the derived deprojected motions of stars in the LMC, and means that changes in the observational signature of the bulk motion away from the centre are not properly accounted for. The effect becomes more significant further from the centre. Figure 1 shows the resulting median tangential velocity, vT (the rotation curve), and median radial velocity vR as a function of de-projected radius R for the LMC, which is otherwise produced in the same way as before. The major differences between this and the equivalent figure in Gaia Collaboration (2018) are as follows The rotation curve reaches a greater velocity (~85 km s-1 versus ~75 km s-1) and remains flat beyond 6 kpc, as opposed to starting to fall. The difference in asymmetric drift for the blue and red populations is clearer the blue population, which is typically younger than the redder population, is rotating faster. The apparent outward motion of the stellar populations is much smaller. The blue population has almost no net radial motion, while the red population has one of .8 km s-1 (as opposed to ~20 km s-1). The difference in radial motion between the y < 0 and
Published: 2020

15. Erratum: Gaia Data Release 2: Kinematics of globular clusters and dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way (A&A (2018) 616 (A12) DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201832698)

Author: Helmi, A. Van Leeuwen, F. McMillan, P.J. Massari, D. Antoja, T. Robin, A.C. Lindegren, L. Bastian, U. Arenou, F. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Breddels, M.A. Hobbs, D. Jordi, C. Pancino, E. Reylé, C. Veljanoski, J. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Delloro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholom and Helmi, A. Van Leeuwen, F. McMillan, P.J. Massari, D. Antoja, T. Robin, A.C. Lindegren, L. Bastian, U. Arenou, F. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Breddels, M.A. Hobbs, D. Jordi, C. Pancino, E. Reylé, C. Veljanoski, J. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Delloro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholom
Abstract: An error occurred during the production process of the original published version. The following names were omitted from the author list: R. Haigron, D. Hatzidimitriou, M. Hauser, M. Haywood, U. Heiter, J. Heu, T. Hilger. The original published version has been corrected together with the publication of this corrigendum. © 2020 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved.
Published: 2020

16. Hot white dwarfs: an observational viewpoint

Author: Barstow, M.A.
Subjects: White dwarfs -- Research, Physics
Published: 1996

17. Gaia Data Release 2: Variable stars in the colour-absolute magnitude diagram

Author: Eyer, L. Rimoldini, L. Audard, M. Anderson, R.I. Nienartowicz, K. Glass, F. Marchal, O. Grenon, M. Mowlavi, N. Holl, B. Clementini, G. Aerts, C. Mazeh, T. Evans, D.W. Szabados, L. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Berihuete, A. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Boeche, C. Bombrun, A. Borrachero, R. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bourda, G. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breddels, M.A. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Brugaletta, E. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cannizzaro, G. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Cocozza, G. Costigan, G. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Cuypers, J. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, P. David, M. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Martino, D. De Souza, R. De Torres, A. Debosscher, J. Del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Drazinos, P. Durán, J. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Eriksson, K. Esquej, P. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Figueras, F. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Frézouls, B. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Garabato, D. García-Sedano, F. Garofalo, A. Garralda, N. Gavel, A. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Gomes, M. Granvik, M. Gueguen, A. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Helmi, A. Heu, J. Hilger, T. Hobbs, D. Hofmann, W. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Janßen, K. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jonker, P.G. Juhász, A.L. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kewley, A. Klar, J. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, M. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Koubsky, P. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Fustec, Y. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. López, M. Lorenz, D. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marinoni, S. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martino, M. Marton, G. Mary, N. Massari, D. Matijevič, G. McMillan, P.J. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morgenthaler, S. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Muraveva, T. Musella, I. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. O'Mullane, W. Ordénovic, C. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Regibo, S. Reylé, C. Riclet, F. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rivard, A. Rixon, G. Roegiers, T. Roelens, M. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sanna, N. Santana-Ros, T. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Shih, I.-C. Siltala, L. Silva, A.F. Smart, R.L. Smith, K.W. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Surdej, J. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Teyssandier, P. Thuillot, W. Titarenko, A. Torra Clotet, F. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Uzzi, S. Vaillant, M. Valentini, G. Valette, V. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Vaschetto, M. Vecchiato, A. Veljanoski, J. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Von Essen, C. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Walmsley, G. Weiler, M. Wertz, O. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, A. Yoldas, A. Žerjal, M. Ziaeepour, H. Zorec, J. Zschocke, S. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Subjects: Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Context. The ESA Gaia mission provides a unique time-domain survey for more than 1.6 billion sources with G â‰² 21 mag. Aims. We showcase stellar variability in the Galactic colour-absolute magnitude diagram (CaMD). We focus on pulsating, eruptive, and cataclysmic variables, as well as on stars that exhibit variability that is due to rotation and eclipses. Methods. We describe the locations of variable star classes, variable object fractions, and typical variability amplitudes throughout the CaMD and show how variability-related changes in colour and brightness induce "motions". To do this, we use 22 months of calibrated photometric, spectro-photometric, and astrometric Gaia data of stars with a significant parallax. To ensure that a large variety of variable star classes populate the CaMD, we crossmatched Gaia sources with known variable stars. We also used the statistics and variability detection modules of the Gaia variability pipeline. Corrections for interstellar extinction are not implemented in this article. Results. Gaia enables the first investigation of Galactic variable star populations in the CaMD on a similar, if not larger, scale as was previously done in the Magellanic Clouds. Although the observed colours are not corrected for reddening, distinct regions are visible in which variable stars occur. We determine variable star fractions to within the current detection thresholds of Gaia. Finally, we report the most complete description of variability-induced motion within the CaMD to date. Conclusions. Gaia enables novel insights into variability phenomena for an unprecedented number of stars, which will benefit the understanding of stellar astrophysics. The CaMD of Galactic variable stars provides crucial information on physical origins of variability in a way that has previously only been accessible for Galactic star clusters or external galaxies. Future Gaia data releases will enable significant improvements over this preview by providing longer time series, more accurate astrometry, and additional data types (time series BP and RP spectra, RVS spectra, and radial velocities), all for much larger samples of stars. © 2019 ESO.
Published: 2019

18. Gaia Data Release 2: Variable stars in the colour-absolute magnitude diagram

Author: Eyer, L. Rimoldini, L. Audard, M. Anderson, R.I. Nienartowicz, K. Glass, F. Marchal, O. Grenon, M. Mowlavi, N. Holl, B. Clementini, G. Aerts, C. Mazeh, T. Evans, D.W. Szabados, L. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J. and Eyer, L. Rimoldini, L. Audard, M. Anderson, R.I. Nienartowicz, K. Glass, F. Marchal, O. Grenon, M. Mowlavi, N. Holl, B. Clementini, G. Aerts, C. Mazeh, T. Evans, D.W. Szabados, L. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.
Abstract: Context. The ESA Gaia mission provides a unique time-domain survey for more than 1.6 billion sources with G â‰² 21 mag. Aims. We showcase stellar variability in the Galactic colour-absolute magnitude diagram (CaMD). We focus on pulsating, eruptive, and cataclysmic variables, as well as on stars that exhibit variability that is due to rotation and eclipses. Methods. We describe the locations of variable star classes, variable object fractions, and typical variability amplitudes throughout the CaMD and show how variability-related changes in colour and brightness induce "motions". To do this, we use 22 months of calibrated photometric, spectro-photometric, and astrometric Gaia data of stars with a significant parallax. To ensure that a large variety of variable star classes populate the CaMD, we crossmatched Gaia sources with known variable stars. We also used the statistics and variability detection modules of the Gaia variability pipeline. Corrections for interstellar extinction are not implemented in this article. Results. Gaia enables the first investigation of Galactic variable star populations in the CaMD on a similar, if not larger, scale as was previously done in the Magellanic Clouds. Although the observed colours are not corrected for reddening, distinct regions are visible in which variable stars occur. We determine variable star fractions to within the current detection thresholds of Gaia. Finally, we report the most complete description of variability-induced motion within the CaMD to date. Conclusions. Gaia enables novel insights into variability phenomena for an unprecedented number of stars, which will benefit the understanding of stellar astrophysics. The CaMD of Galactic variable stars provides crucial information on physical origins of variability in a way that has previously only been accessible for Galactic star clusters or external galaxies. Future Gaia data releases will enable significant improvements over this preview by providing lo
Published: 2019

19. Mapping the milky way disc kinematics

Author: Katz, D. Antoja, T. Romero-Gómez, M. Drimmel, R. Reylé, C. Seabroke, G.M. Soubiran, C. Babusiaux, C. Di Matteo, P. Figueras, F. Poggio, E. Robin, A.C. Evans, D.W. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Berihuete, A. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Boeche, C. Bombrun, A. Borrachero, R. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bourda, G. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breddels, M.A. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Brugaletta, E. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cannizzaro, G. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Cocozza, G. Costigan, G. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Cuypersy, J. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, P. David, M. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Souza, R. De Torres, A. Debosscher, J. Del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Drazinos, P. Durán, J. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Eriksson, K. Esquej, P. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Frézouls, B. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Garabato, D. García-Sedano, F. Garofalo, A. Garralda, N. Gavel, A. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Glass, F. Gomes, M. Granvik, M. Gueguen, A. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Helmi, A. Heu, J. Hilger, T. Hobbs, D. Hofmann, W. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Janßen, K. De Fombelle, G.J. Jonker, P.G. Juhász, Á.L. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kewley, A. Klar, J. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, M. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Koubsky, P. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Fustec, Y. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. López, M. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchal, O. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marinoni, S. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martino, M. Marton, G. Mary, N. Massari, D. Matijević, G. Mazeh, T. McMillan, P.J. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Muraveva, T. Musella, I. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. O'Mullane, W. Ordénovic, C. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Regibo, S. Riclet, F. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rivard, A. Rixon, G. Roegiers, T. Roelens, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sanna, N. Santana-Ros, T. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Shih, I.-C. Siltala, L. Silva, A.F. Smart, R.L. Smith, K.W. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Surdej, J. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Teyssandier, P. Thuillot, W. Titarenko, A. Torra Clotet, F. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Uzzi, S. Vaillant, M. Valentini, G. Valette, V. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Vaschetto, M. Vecchiato, A. Veljanoski, J. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Von Essen, C. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Walmsley, G. Weiler, M. Wertz, O. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, Ł. Yoldas, A. Žerjal, M. Ziaeepour, H. Zorec, J. Zschocke, S. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Subjects: Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Context. The second Gaia data release (Gaia DR2) contains high-precision positions, parallaxes, and proper motions for 1.3 billion sources as well as line-of-sight velocities for 7.2 million stars brighter than GRVS = 12 mag. Both samples provide a full sky coverage. Aims. To illustrate the potential of Gaia DR2, we provide a first look at the kinematics of the Milky Way disc, within a radius of several kiloparsecs around the Sun. Methods. We benefit for the first time from a sample of 6.4 million F-G-K stars with full 6D phase-space coordinates, precise parallaxes (σω/ω/≤ 20%), and precise Galactic cylindrical velocities (median uncertainties of 0.9-1.4 km s-1 and 20% of the stars with uncertainties smaller than 1 km s-1 on all three components). From this sample, we extracted a sub-sample of 3.2 million giant stars to map the velocity field of the Galactic disc from ∼5 kpc to ∼13 kpc from the Galactic centre and up to 2 kpc above and below the plane. We also study the distribution of 0.3 million solar neighbourhood stars (r < 200 pc), with median velocity uncertainties of 0.4 km s-1, in velocity space and use the full sample to examine how the over-densities evolve in more distant regions. Results. Gaia DR2 allows us to draw 3D maps of the Galactocentric median velocities and velocity dispersions with unprecedented accuracy, precision, and spatial resolution. The maps show the complexity and richness of the velocity field of the galactic disc. We observe streaming motions in all the components of the velocities as well as patterns in the velocity dispersions. For example, we confirm the previously reported negative and positive galactocentric radial velocity gradients in the inner and outer disc, respectively. Here, we see them as part of a non-axisymmetric kinematic oscillation, and we map its azimuthal and vertical behaviour. We also witness a new global arrangement of stars in the velocity plane of the solar neighbourhood and in distant regions in which stars are organised in thin substructures with the shape of circular arches that are oriented approximately along the horizontal direction in the U - V plane. Moreover, in distant regions, we see variations in the velocity substructures more clearly than ever before, in particular, variations in the velocity of the Hercules stream. Conclusions. Gaia DR2 provides the largest existing full 6D phase-space coordinates catalogue. It also vastly increases the number of available distances and transverse velocities with respect to Gaia DR1. Gaia DR2 offers a great wealth of information on the Milky Way and reveals clear non-axisymmetric kinematic signatures within the Galactic disc, for instance. It is now up to the astronomical community to explore its full potential. © ESO 2018.
Published: 2018

20. Observational hertzsprung-russell diagrams

Author: Babusiaux, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Barstow, M.A. Jordi, C. Vallenari, A. Bossini, D. Bressan, A. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Van Leeuwen, M. Brown, A.G.A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Berihuete, A. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Boeche, C. Bombrun, A. Borrachero, R. Bouquillon, S. Bourda, G. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breddels, M.A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Brugaletta, E. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cannizzaro, G. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Cocozza, G. Costigan, G. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Cuypersy, J. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, P. David, M. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Martino, D. De Souza, R. De Torres, A. Debosscher, J. Del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Drazinos, P. Durán, J. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Eriksson, K. Esquej, P. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Figueras, F. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Frézouls, B. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Garabato, D. García-Sedano, F. Garofalo, A. Garralda, N. Gavel, A. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Glass, F. Gomes, M. Granvik, M. Gueguen, A. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Helmi, A. Heu, J. Hilger, T. Hobbs, D. Hofmann, W. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Janßen, K. De Fombelle, G.J. Jonker, P.G. Juhász, Á.L. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kewley, A. Klar, J. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, M. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Koubsky, P. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Fustec, Y. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. López, M. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchal, O. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marinoni, S. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martino, M. Marton, G. Mary, N. Massari, D. Matijević, G. Mazeh, T. McMillan, P.J. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Muraveva, T. Musella, I. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. O'Mullane, W. Ordénovic, C. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Regibo, S. Reylé, C. Riclet, F. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rivard, A. Rixon, G. Roegiers, T. Roelens, M. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sanna, N. Santana-Ros, T. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Shih, I.-C. Siltala, L. Silva, A.F. Smart, R.L. Smith, K.W. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Surdej, J. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Teyssandier, P. Thuillot, W. Titarenko, A. Torra Clotet, F. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Uzzi, S. Vaillant, M. Valentini, G. Valette, V. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Vaschetto, M. Vecchiato, A. Veljanoski, J. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Von Essen, C. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Walmsley, G. Weiler, M. Wertz, O. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, Ł. Yoldas, A. Žerjal, M. Ziaeepour, H. Zorec, J. Zschocke, S. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Subjects: Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Context. Gaia Data Release 2 provides high-precision astrometry and three-band photometry for about 1.3 billion sources over the full sky. The precision, accuracy, and homogeneity of both astrometry and photometry are unprecedented. Aims. We highlight the power of the Gaia DR2 in studying many fine structures of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD). Gaia allows us to present many different HRDs, depending in particular on stellar population selections. We do not aim here for completeness in terms of types of stars or stellar evolutionary aspects. Instead, we have chosen several illustrative examples. Methods. We describe some of the selections that can be made in Gaia DR2 to highlight the main structures of the Gaia HRDs. We select both field and cluster (open and globular) stars, compare the observations with previous classifications and with stellar evolutionary tracks, and we present variations of the Gaia HRD with age, metallicity, and kinematics. Late stages of stellar evolution such as hot subdwarfs, post-AGB stars, planetary nebulae, and white dwarfs are also analysed, as well as low-mass brown dwarf objects. Results. The Gaia HRDs are unprecedented in both precision and coverage of the various Milky Way stellar populations and stellar evolutionary phases. Many fine structures of the HRDs are presented. The clear split of the white dwarf sequence into hydrogen and helium white dwarfs is presented for the first time in an HRD. The relation between kinematics and the HRD is nicely illustrated. Two different populations in a classical kinematic selection of the halo are unambiguously identified in the HRD. Membership and mean parameters for a selected list of open clusters are provided. They allow drawing very detailed cluster sequences, highlighting fine structures, and providing extremely precise empirical isochrones that will lead to more insight in stellar physics. Conclusions. Gaia DR2 demonstrates the potential of combining precise astrometry and photometry for large samples for studies in stellar evolution and stellar population and opens an entire new area for HRD-based studies. © ESO 2018.
Published: 2018

21. Observations of solar system objects

Author: Spoto, F. Tanga, P. Mignard, F. Berthier, J. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Dell'Oro, A. Hestroffer, D. Muinonen, K. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. David, P. De Angeli, F. Delbo, M. Frézouls, B. Galluccio, L. Granvik, M. Guiraud, J. Hernández, J. Ordénovic, C. Portell, J. Poujoulet, E. Thuillot, W. Walmsley, G. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Berihuete, A. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Boeche, C. Bombrun, A. Borrachero, R. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bourda, G. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breddels, M.A. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Brugaletta, E. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cannizzaro, G. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Cocozza, G. Costigan, G. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Cuypersy, J. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, M. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Souza, R. De Torres, A. Debosscher, J. De Pozo, E.L. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Drazinos, P. Durán, J. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Eriksson, K. Esquej, P. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Figueras, F. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Garabato, D. García-Sedano, F. Garofalo, A. Garralda, N. Gavel, A. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Glass, F. Gomes, M. Gueguen, A. Guerrier, A. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Helmi, A. Heu, J. Hilger, T. Hobbs, D. Hofmann, W. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Janßen, K. De Fombelle, G.J. Jonker, P.G. Juhász, Á.L. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kewley, A. Klar, J. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, M. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Koubsky, P. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Fustec, Y. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. López, M. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchal, O. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marinoni, S. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martino, M. Marton, G. Mary, N. Massari, D. Matijević, G. Mazeh, T. McMillan, P.J. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Muraveva, T. Musella, I. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. O'Mullane, W. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Regibo, S. Reylé, C. Riclet, F. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rivard, A. Rixon, G. Roegiers, T. Roelens, M. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sanna, N. Santana-Ros, T. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Shih, I.-C. Siltala, L. Silva, A.F. Smart, R.L. Smith, K.W. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Surdej, J. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Teyssandier, P. Titarenko, A. Torra Clotet, F. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Uzzi, S. Vaillant, M. Valentini, G. Valette, V. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Vaschetto, M. Vecchiato, A. Veljanoski, J. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Von Essen, C. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Weiler, M. Wertz, O. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, Ł. Yoldas, A. Žerjal, M. Ziaeepour, H. Zorec, J. Zschocke, S. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Abstract: Context. The Gaia spacecraft of the European Space Agency (ESA) has been securing observations of solar system objects (SSOs) since the beginning of its operations. Data Release 2 (DR2) contains the observations of a selected sample of 14,099 SSOs. These asteroids have been already identified and have been numbered by the Minor Planet Center repository. Positions are provided for each Gaia observation at CCD level. As additional information, complementary to astrometry, the apparent brightness of SSOs in the unfiltered G band is also provided for selected observations. Aims. We explain the processing of SSO data, and describe the criteria we used to select the sample published in Gaia DR2. We then explore the data set to assess its quality. Methods. To exploit the main data product for the solar system in Gaia DR2, which is the epoch astrometry of asteroids, it is necessary to take into account the unusual properties of the uncertainty, as the position information is nearly one-dimensional. When this aspect is handled appropriately, an orbit fit can be obtained with post-fit residuals that are overall consistent with the a-priori error model that was used to define individual values of the astrometric uncertainty. The role of both random and systematic errors is described. The distribution of residuals allowed us to identify possible contaminants in the data set (such as stars). Photometry in the G band was compared to computed values from reference asteroid shapes and to the flux registered at the corresponding epochs by the red and blue photometers (RP and BP). Results. The overall astrometric performance is close to the expectations, with an optimal range of brightness G ∼ 12 - 17. In this range, the typical transit-level accuracy is well below 1 mas. For fainter asteroids, the growing photon noise deteriorates the performance. Asteroids brighter than G ∼ 12 are affected by a lower performance of the processing of their signals. The dramatic improvement brought by Gaia DR2 astrometry of SSOs is demonstrated by comparisons to the archive data and by preliminary tests on the detection of subtle non-gravitational effects. © ESO 2018.
Published: 2018

22. Summary of the contents and survey properties

Author: Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Berihuete, A. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Boeche, C. Bombrun, A. Borrachero, R. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bourda, G. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breddels, M.A. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Brugaletta, E. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cannizzaro, G. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Cocozza, G. Costigan, G. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Cuypersy, J. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, P. David, M. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Martino, D. De Souza, R. De Torres, A. Debosscher, J. Del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Drazinos, P. Durán, J. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Eriksson, K. Esquej, P. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Figueras, F. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Frézouls, B. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Garabato, D. García-Sedano, F. Garofalo, A. Garralda, N. Gavel, A. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Glass, F. Gomes, M. Granvik, M. Gueguen, A. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Helmi, A. Heu, J. Hilger, T. Hobbs, D. Hofmann, W. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Janßen, K. De Fombelle, G.J. Jonker, P.G. Juhász, Á.L. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kewley, A. Klar, J. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, M. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Koubsky, P. Lambert, S. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Fustec, Y. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. López, M. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchal, O. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marinoni, S. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martino, M. Marton, G. Mary, N. Massari, D. Matijević, G. Mazeh, T. McMillan, P.J. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Muraveva, T. Musella, I. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. O'Mullane, W. Ordénovic, C. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Regibo, S. Reylé, C. Riclet, F. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rivard, A. Rixon, G. Roegiers, T. Roelens, M. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sanna, N. Santana-Ros, T. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Shih, I.-C. Siltala, L. Silva, A.F. Smart, R.L. Smith, K.W. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Surdej, J. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Teyssandier, P. Thuillot, W. Titarenko, A. Torra Clotet, F. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Uzzi, S. Vaillant, M. Valentini, G. Valette, V. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Vaschetto, M. Vecchiato, A. Veljanoski, J. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Von Essen, C. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Walmsley, G. Weiler, M. Wertz, O. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, Ł. Yoldas, A. Žerjal, M. Ziaeepour, H. Zorec, J. Zschocke, S. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Abstract: Context. We present the second Gaia data release, Gaia DR2, consisting of astrometry, photometry, radial velocities, and information on astrophysical parameters and variability, for sources brighter than magnitude 21. In addition epoch astrometry and photometry are provided for a modest sample of minor planets in the solar system. Aims. A summary of the contents of Gaia DR2 is presented, accompanied by a discussion on the differences with respect to Gaia DR1 and an overview of the main limitations which are still present in the survey. Recommendations are made on the responsible use of Gaia DR2 results. Methods. The raw data collected with the Gaia instruments during the first 22 months of the mission have been processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) and turned into this second data release, which represents a major advance with respect to Gaia DR1 in terms of completeness, performance, and richness of the data products. Results. Gaia DR2 contains celestial positions and the apparent brightness in G for approximately 1.7 billion sources. For 1.3 billion of those sources, parallaxes and proper motions are in addition available. The sample of sources for which variability information is provided is expanded to 0.5 million stars. This data release contains four new elements: broad-band colour information in the form of the apparent brightness in the GBP (330-680 nm) and GRP (630-1050 nm) bands is available for 1.4 billion sources; median radial velocities for some 7 million sources are presented; for between 77 and 161 million sources estimates are provided of the stellar effective temperature, extinction, reddening, and radius and luminosity; and for a pre-selected list of 14 000 minor planets in the solar system epoch astrometry and photometry are presented. Finally, Gaia DR2 also represents a new materialisation of the celestial reference frame in the optical, the Gaia-CRF2, which is the first optical reference frame based solely on extragalactic sources. There are notable changes in the photometric system and the catalogue source list with respect to Gaia DR1, and we stress the need to consider the two data releases as independent. Conclusions. Gaia DR2 represents a major achievement for the Gaia mission, delivering on the long standing promise to provide parallaxes and proper motions for over 1 billion stars, and representing a first step in the availability of complementary radial velocity and source astrophysical information for a sample of stars in the Gaia survey which covers a very substantial fraction of the volume of our galaxy. © ESO 2018.
Published: 2018

23. Gaia Data Release 2: The celestial reference frame (Gaia -CRF2)

Author: Mignard, F. Klioner, S.A. Lindegren, L. Hernández, J. Bastian, U. Bombrun, A. Hobbs, D. Lammers, U. Michalik, D. Ramos-Lerate, M. Biermann, M. Fernández-Hernández, J. Geyer, R. Hilger, T. Siddiqui, H.I. Steidelmüller, H. Babusiaux, C. Barache, C. Lambert, S. Andrei, A.H. Bourda, G. Charlot, P. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Luri, X. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Soubiran, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Berihuete, A. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Boeche, C. Borrachero, R. Bossini, D. Bouquillon, S. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breddels, M.A. Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Brugaletta, E. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Butkevich, A.G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cancelliere, R. Cannizzaro, G. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Cocozza, G. Costigan, G. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Cuypers, J. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, P. David, M. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Souza, R. De Torres, A. Debosscher, J. Del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. DIakite, S. DIener, C. DIstefano, E. Dolding, C. Drazinos, P. Durán, J. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Eriksson, K. Esquej, P. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Figueras, F. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Frézouls, B. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Garabato, D. García-Sedano, F. Garofalo, A. Garralda, N. Gavel, A. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Glass, F. Gomes, M. Granvik, M. Gueguen, A. Guerrier, A. Guiraud, J. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Helmi, A. Heu, J. Hofmann, W. Holland, G. Huckle, H.E. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Janßen, K. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jonker, P.G. Juhász, A.L. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kewley, A. Klar, J. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, M. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Koubsky, P. Lanza, A.F. Lasne, Y. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Fustec, Y. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. López, M. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchal, O. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marinoni, S. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martino, M. Marton, G. Mary, N. Massari, D. Matijevič, G. Mazeh, T. McMillan, P.J. Messina, S. Millar, N.R. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molnár, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Muraveva, T. Musella, I. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. O'Mullane, W. Ordénovic, C. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. Rambaux, N. Regibo, S. Reylé, C. Riclet, F. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rivard, A. Rixon, G. Roegiers, T. Roelens, M. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sanna, N. Santana-Ros, T. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Ségransan, D. Shih, I.-C. Siltala, L. Silva, A.F. Smart, R.L. Smith, K.W. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Surdej, J. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Teyssandier, P. Thuillot, W. Titarenko, A. Torra Clotet, F. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Uzzi, S. Vaillant, M. Valentini, G. Valette, V. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Vaschetto, M. Vecchiato, A. Veljanoski, J. Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Von Essen, C. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Walmsley, G. Weiler, M. Wertz, O. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, L. Yoldas, A. Žerjal, M. Ziaeepour, H. Zorec, J. Zschocke, S. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T.
Subjects: Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Context. The second release of Gaia data (Gaia DR2) contains the astrometric parameters for more than half a million quasars. This set defines a kinematically non-rotating reference frame in the optical domain. A subset of these quasars have accurate VLBI positions that allow the axes of the reference frame to be aligned with the International Celestial Reference System (ICRF) radio frame. Aims. We describe the astrometric and photometric properties of the quasars that were selected to represent the celestial reference frame of Gaia DR2 (Gaia-CRF2), and to compare the optical and radio positions for sources with accurate VLBI positions. Methods. Descriptive statistics are used to characterise the overall properties of the quasar sample. Residual rotation and orientation errors and large-scale systematics are quantified by means of expansions in vector spherical harmonics. Positional differences are calculated relative to a prototype version of the forthcoming ICRF3. Results. Gaia-CRF2 consists of the positions of a sample of 556 869 sources in Gaia DR2, obtained from a positional cross-match with the ICRF3-prototype and AllWISE AGN catalogues. The sample constitutes a clean, dense, and homogeneous set of extragalactic point sources in the magnitude range G ≈ 16 to 21 mag with accurately known optical positions. The median positional uncertainty is 0.12 mas for G < 18 mag and 0.5 mas at G = mag. Large-scale systematics are estimated to be in the range 20 to 30 μas. The accuracy claims are supported by the parallaxes and proper motions of the quasars in Gaia DR2. The optical positions for a subset of 2820 sources in common with the ICRF3-prototype show very good overall agreement with the radio positions, but several tens of sources have significantly discrepant positions. Conclusions. Based on less than 40% of the data expected from the nominal Gaia mission, Gaia-CRF2 is the first realisation of a non-rotating global optical reference frame that meets the ICRS prescriptions, meaning that it is built only on extragalactic sources. Its accuracy matches the current radio frame of the ICRF, but the density of sources in all parts of the sky is much higher, except along the Galactic equator. © ESO 2018.
Published: 2018

24. Observational hertzsprung-russell diagrams

Author: Babusiaux, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Barstow, M.A. Jordi, C. Vallenari, A. Bossini, D. Bressan, A. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Van Leeuwen, M. Brown, A.G.A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana and Babusiaux, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Barstow, M.A. Jordi, C. Vallenari, A. Bossini, D. Bressan, A. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Van Leeuwen, M. Brown, A.G.A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana
Abstract: Context. Gaia Data Release 2 provides high-precision astrometry and three-band photometry for about 1.3 billion sources over the full sky. The precision, accuracy, and homogeneity of both astrometry and photometry are unprecedented. Aims. We highlight the power of the Gaia DR2 in studying many fine structures of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD). Gaia allows us to present many different HRDs, depending in particular on stellar population selections. We do not aim here for completeness in terms of types of stars or stellar evolutionary aspects. Instead, we have chosen several illustrative examples. Methods. We describe some of the selections that can be made in Gaia DR2 to highlight the main structures of the Gaia HRDs. We select both field and cluster (open and globular) stars, compare the observations with previous classifications and with stellar evolutionary tracks, and we present variations of the Gaia HRD with age, metallicity, and kinematics. Late stages of stellar evolution such as hot subdwarfs, post-AGB stars, planetary nebulae, and white dwarfs are also analysed, as well as low-mass brown dwarf objects. Results. The Gaia HRDs are unprecedented in both precision and coverage of the various Milky Way stellar populations and stellar evolutionary phases. Many fine structures of the HRDs are presented. The clear split of the white dwarf sequence into hydrogen and helium white dwarfs is presented for the first time in an HRD. The relation between kinematics and the HRD is nicely illustrated. Two different populations in a classical kinematic selection of the halo are unambiguously identified in the HRD. Membership and mean parameters for a selected list of open clusters are provided. They allow drawing very detailed cluster sequences, highlighting fine structures, and providing extremely precise empirical isochrones that will lead to more insight in stellar physics. Conclusions. Gaia DR2 demonstrates the potential of combining precise astrometry and photomet
Published: 2018

25. Summary of the contents and survey properties

Author: Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Berihuete, A. Bertone, S and Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bassilana, J.-L. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Berihuete, A. Bertone, S
Abstract: Context. We present the second Gaia data release, Gaia DR2, consisting of astrometry, photometry, radial velocities, and information on astrophysical parameters and variability, for sources brighter than magnitude 21. In addition epoch astrometry and photometry are provided for a modest sample of minor planets in the solar system. Aims. A summary of the contents of Gaia DR2 is presented, accompanied by a discussion on the differences with respect to Gaia DR1 and an overview of the main limitations which are still present in the survey. Recommendations are made on the responsible use of Gaia DR2 results. Methods. The raw data collected with the Gaia instruments during the first 22 months of the mission have been processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) and turned into this second data release, which represents a major advance with respect to Gaia DR1 in terms of completeness, performance, and richness of the data products. Results. Gaia DR2 contains celestial positions and the apparent brightness in G for approximately 1.7 billion sources. For 1.3 billion of those sources, parallaxes and proper motions are in addition available. The sample of sources for which variability information is provided is expanded to 0.5 million stars. This data release contains four new elements: broad-band colour information in the form of the apparent brightness in the GBP (330-680 nm) and GRP (630-1050 nm) bands is available for 1.4 billion sources; median radial velocities for some 7 million sources are presented; for between 77 and 161 million sources estimates are provided of the stellar effective temperature, extinction, reddening, and radius and luminosity; and for a pre-selected list of 14 000 minor planets in the solar system epoch astrometry and photometry are presented. Finally, Gaia DR2 also represents a new materialisation of the celestial reference frame in the optical, the Gaia-CRF2, which is the first optical reference frame based solely on extr
Published: 2018

26. Mapping the milky way disc kinematics

Author: Katz, D. Antoja, T. Romero-Gómez, M. Drimmel, R. Reylé, C. Seabroke, G.M. Soubiran, C. Babusiaux, C. Di Matteo, P. Figueras, F. Poggio, E. Robin, A.C. Evans, D.W. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bass and Katz, D. Antoja, T. Romero-Gómez, M. Drimmel, R. Reylé, C. Seabroke, G.M. Soubiran, C. Babusiaux, C. Di Matteo, P. Figueras, F. Poggio, E. Robin, A.C. Evans, D.W. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Arenou, F. Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Lattanzi, M.G. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Holl, B. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Riello, M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Audard, M. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Burgess, P. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Clotet, M. Creevey, O. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fouesneau, M. Frémat, Y. Galluccio, L. García-Torres, M. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Gosset, E. Guy, L.P. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hernández, J. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Jordan, S. Korn, A.J. Krone-Martins, A. Lanzafame, A.C. Lebzelter, T. Löffler, W. Manteiga, M. Marrese, P.M. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P.J. Rimoldini, L. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Süveges, M. Torra, J. Van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alvarez, R. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Arcay, B. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Balm, P. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbato, D. Barblan, F. Barklem, P.S. Barrado, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Bartholomé Muñoz, S. Bass
Published: 2018

27. Gaia Data Release 2. Observational Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams

Author: Babusiaux, C., Leeuwen, F van, Barstow, M.A., Jordi, C., Vallenari, A., Bossini, D., Bakker, Joost, Jordan, S., Aerts, C., Cannizzaro, G., Jonker, P.G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Nelemans, G., Silva, A., Wevers, T., Zurbach, C., Zwitter, T., Babusiaux, C., Leeuwen, F van, Barstow, M.A., Jordi, C., Vallenari, A., Bossini, D., Bakker, Joost, Jordan, S., Aerts, C., Cannizzaro, G., Jonker, P.G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Nelemans, G., Silva, A., Wevers, T., Zurbach, C., and Zwitter, T.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 194723.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)
Published: 2018

28. Gaia Data Release 1: Testing parallaxes with local Cepheids and RR Lyrae stars

Author: Clementini, G. Eyer, L. Ripepi, V. Marconi, M. Muraveva, T. Garofalo, A. Sarro, L.M. Palmer, M. Luri, X. Molinaro, R. Rimoldini, L. Szabados, L. Musella, I. Anderson, R.I. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Valette, V. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Aerts, C. Arenou, F. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Høg, E. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. O'Mullane, W. Grebel, E.K. Holland, A.D. Huc, C. Passot, X. Perryman, M. Bramante, L. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Hernández, J. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Torra, J. Els, S.G. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Lock, T. Mercier, E. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Cowell, S. Creevey, O. Cuypers, J. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. De Torres, A. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Frémat, Y. García-Torres, M. Gosset, E. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hauser, M. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Huckle, H.E. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jordan, S. Kontizas, M. Korn, A.J. Lanzafame, A.C. Manteiga, M. Moitinho, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Robin, A.C. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Smith, K.W. Sozzetti, A. Thuillot, W. Van Reeven, W. Viala, Y. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aguado, J.J. Allan, P.M. Allasia, W. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alves, J. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Antón, S. Arcay, B. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbier, A. Barblan, F. Barrado, N.Y. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bello García, A. Belokurov, V. Bendjoya, P. Berihuete, A. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Billebaud, F. Blagorodnova, N. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Bombrun, A. Borrachero, R. Bouquillon, S. Bourda, G. Bragaglia, A. Breddels, M.A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Bucciarelli, B. Burgess, P. Burgon, R. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cambras, J. Campbell, H. Cancelliere, R. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Castellani, M. Charlot, P. Charnas, J. Chiavassa, A. Clotet, M. Cocozza, G. Collins, R.S. Costigan, G. Crifo, F. Cross, N.J.G. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, P. David, M. De Cat, P. De Felice, F. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Souza, R. Debosscher, J. Del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Dos Anjos, S. Drazinos, P. Durán, J. Dzigan, Y. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Evans, N.W. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fernique, P. Fienga, A. Figueras, F. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fouesneau, M. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Fuchs, J. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Galluccio, L. Garabato, D. García-Sedano, F. Garralda, N. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Geyer, R. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Gomes, M. González-Marcos, A. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Granvik, M. Guerrier, A. Guillout, P. Guiraud, J. Gúrpide, A. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Guy, L.P. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Helmi, A. Hobbs, D. Hofmann, W. Holl, B. Holland, G. Hunt, J.A.S. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Irwin, M. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jofré, P. Jonker, P.G. Jorissen, A. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Koubsky, P. Krone-Martins, A. Kudryashova, M. Bachchan, R.K. Lacoste-Seris, F. Lanza, A.F. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Lebzelter, T. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lemaitre, V. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. Löffler, W. López, M. Lorenz, D. Macdonald, I. Magalhães Fernandes, T. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchal, O. Marchant, J.M. Marinoni, S. Marrese, P.M. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Martino, M. Mary, N. Matijevič, G. McMillan, P.J. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Miranda, B.M.H. Molina, D. Molinaro, M. Molnár, L. Moniez, M. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Mora, A. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morgenthaler, S. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Narbonne, J. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. Ordénovic, C. Ordieres-Meré, J. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Parsons, P. Pecoraro, M. Pedrosa, R. Pentikäinen, H. Pichon, B. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Ragaini, S. Rago, S. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Ranalli, P. Rauw, G. Read, A. Regibo, S. Reylé, C. Ribeiro, R.A. Riva, A. Rixon, G. Roelens, M. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Segransan, D. Shih, I.-C. Smareglia, R. Smart, R.L. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Süveges, M. Surdej, J. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Tingley, B. Trager, S.C. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Valentini, G. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Varadi, M. Vecchiato, A. Veljanoski, J. Via, T. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Walmsley, G. Weiler, M. Weingrill, K. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, L. Yoldas, A. Zerjal, M. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T. Alecu, A. Allen, M. Allende Prieto, C. Amorim, A. Anglada-Escudé, G. Arsenijevic, V. Azaz, S. Balm, P. Beck, M. Bernstein, H.-H. Bigot, L. Bijaoui, A. Blasco, C. Bonfigli, M. Bono, G. Boudreault, S. Bressan, A. Brown, S. Brunet, P.-M. Bunclark, P. Buonanno, R. Butkevich, A.G. Carret, C. Carrion, C. Chemin, L. Chéreau, F. Corcione, L. Darmigny, E. De Boer, K.S. De Teodoro, P. De Zeeuw, P.T. Delle Luche, C. Domingues, C.D. Dubath, P. Fodor, F. Frézouls, B. Fries, A. Fustes, D. Fyfe, D. Gallardo, E. Gallegos, J. Gardiol, D. Gebran, M. Gomboc, A. Gómez, A. Grux, E. Gueguen, A. Heyrovsky, A. Hoar, J. Iannicola, G. Isasi Parache, Y. Janotto, A.-M. Joliet, E. Jonckheere, A. Keil, R. Kim, D.-W. Klagyivik, P. Klar, J. Knude, J. Kochukhov, O. Kolka, I. Kos, J. Kutka, A. Lainey, V. Lebouquin, D. Liu, C. Loreggia, D. Makarov, V.V. Marseille, M.G. Martayan, C. Martinez-Rubi, O. Massart, B. Meynadier, F. Mignot, S. Munari, U. Nguyen, A.-T. Nordlander, T. O'Flaherty, K.S. Ocvirk, P. Olias Sanz, A. Ortiz, P. Osorio, J. Oszkiewicz, D. Ouzounis, A. Park, P. Pasquato, E. Peltzer, C. Peralta, J. Péturaud, F. Pieniluoma, T. Pigozzi, E. Poels, J. Prat, G. Prod'Homme, T. Raison, F. Rebordao, J.M. Risquez, D. Rocca-Volmerange, B. Rosen, S. Ruiz-Fuertes, M.I. Russo, F. Serraller Vizcaino, I. Short, A. Siebert, A. Silva, H. Sinachopoulos, D. Slezak, E. Soffel, M. Sosnowska, D. StraizYs, V. Ter Linden, M. Terrell, D. Theil, S. Tiede, C. Troisi, L. Tsalmantza, P. Tur, D. Vaccari, M. Vachier, F. Valles, P. Van Hamme, W. Veltz, L. Virtanen, J. Wallut, J.-M. Wichmann, R. Wilkinson, M.I. Ziaeepour, H. Zschocke, S.
Abstract: Context. Parallaxes for 331 classical Cepheids, 31 Type II Cepheids, and 364 RR Lyrae stars in common between Gaia and the Hipparcos and Tycho-2 catalogues are published in Gaia Data Release 1 (DR1) as part of the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS). Aims. In order to test these first parallax measurements of the primary standard candles of the cosmological distance ladder, which involve astrometry collected by Gaia during the initial 14 months of science operation, we compared them with literature estimates and derived new period-luminosity (PL), period-Wesenheit (PW) relations for classical and Type II Cepheids and infrared PL, PL-metallicity (PLZ), and optical luminosity-metallicity (MV-[Fe/H]) relations for the RR Lyrae stars, with zero points based on TGAS. Methods. Classical Cepheids were carefully selected in order to discard known or suspected binary systems. The final sample comprises 102 fundamental mode pulsators with periods ranging from 1.68 to 51.66 days (of which 33 with σΩ/Ω< 0.5). The Type II Cepheids include a total of 26 W Virginis and BL Herculis stars spanning the period range from 1.16 to 30.00 days (of which only 7 with σΩ/Ω< 0.5). The RR Lyrae stars include 200 sources with pulsation period ranging from 0.27 to 0.80 days (of which 112 with σΩ/Ω< 0.5). The new relations were computed using multi-band (V,I,J,Ks) photometry and spectroscopic metal abundances available in the literature, and by applying three alternative approaches: (i) linear least-squares fitting of the absolute magnitudes inferred from direct transformation of the TGAS parallaxes; (ii) adopting astrometry-based luminosities; and (iii) using a Bayesian fitting approach. The last two methods work in parallax space where parallaxes are used directly, thus maintaining symmetrical errors and allowing negative parallaxes to be used. The TGAS-based PL,PW,PLZ, and MV- [Fe/H] relations are discussed by comparing the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud provided by different types of pulsating stars and alternative fitting methods. Results. Good agreement is found from direct comparison of the parallaxes of RR Lyrae stars for which both TGAS and HST measurements are available. Similarly, very good agreement is found between the TGAS values and the parallaxes inferred from the absolute magnitudes of Cepheids and RR Lyrae stars analysed with the Baade-Wesselink method. TGAS values also compare favourably with the parallaxes inferred by theoretical model fitting of the multi-band light curves for two of the three classical Cepheids and one RR Lyrae star, which were analysed with this technique in our samples. The K-band PL relations show the significant improvement of the TGAS parallaxes for Cepheids and RR Lyrae stars with respect to the Hipparcos measurements. This is particularly true for the RR Lyrae stars for which improvement in quality and statistics is impressive. Conclusions. TGAS parallaxes bring a significant added value to the previous Hipparcos estimates. The relations presented in this paper represent the first Gaia-calibrated relations and form a work-in-progress milestone report in the wait for Gaia-only parallaxes of which a first solution will become available with Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) in 2018. © ESO, 2017.
Published: 2017

29. The Gaia mission

Author: Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Milligan, D.J. Panem, C. Poinsignon, V. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sarri, G. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Valette, V. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Aerts, C. Arenou, F. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Høg, E. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. O'Mullane, W. Grebel, E.K. Holland, A.D. Huc, C. Passot, X. Bramante, L. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Hernández, J. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Torra, J. Els, S.G. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Lock, T. Mercier, E. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Cowell, S. Creevey, O. Cuypers, J. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. De Torres, A. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Frémat, Y. García-Torres, M. Gosset, E. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hauser, M. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Huckle, H.E. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jordan, S. Kontizas, M. Korn, A.J. Lanzafame, A.C. Manteiga, M. Moitinho, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Smith, K.W. Sozzetti, A. Thuillot, W. Van Reeven, W. Viala, Y. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aguado, J.J. Allan, P.M. Allasia, W. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Antón, S. Arcay, B. Atzei, A. Ayache, L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbier, A. Barblan, F. Baroni, M. Barrado Y Navascués, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bellei, G. Bello García, A. Belokurov, V. Bendjoya, P. Berihuete, A. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Billebaud, F. Blagorodnova, N. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Bombrun, A. Borrachero, R. Bouquillon, S. Bourda, G. Bouy, H. Bragaglia, A. Breddels, M.A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Bucciarelli, B. Budnik, F. Burgess, P. Burgon, R. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cambras, J. Campbell, H. Cancelliere, R. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Castellani, M. Charlot, P. Charnas, J. Charvet, P. Chassat, F. Chiavassa, A. Clotet, M. Cocozza, G. Collins, R.S. Collins, P. Costigan, G. Crifo, F. Cross, N.J.G. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, P. David, M. De Cat, P. De Felice, F. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Martino, D. De Souza, R. Debosscher, J. Del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Di Marco, F. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Dos Anjos, S. Drazinos, P. Durán, J. Dzigan, Y. Ecale, E. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Erdmann, M. Escolar, D. Espina, M. Evans, N.W. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Faye, F. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fernique, P. Fienga, A. Figueras, F. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fouesneau, M. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Fuchs, J. Furnell, R. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Galluccio, L. Garabato, D. García-Sedano, F. Garé, P. Garofalo, A. Garralda, N. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Geyer, R. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Gomes, M. González-Marcos, A. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Granvik, M. Guerrier, A. Guillout, P. Guiraud, J. Gúrpide, A. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Guy, L.P. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Helmi, A. Hobbs, D. Hofmann, W. Holl, B. Holland, G. Hunt, J.A.S. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Irwin, M. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jofré, P. Jonker, P.G. Jorissen, A. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Koubsky, P. Kowalczyk, A. Krone-Martins, A. Kudryashova, M. Kull, I. Bachchan, R.K. Lacoste-Seris, F. Lanza, A.F. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Lebzelter, T. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lemaitre, V. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. Löffler, W. López, M. Lopez-Lozano, A. Lorenz, D. Loureiro, T. MacDonald, I. Magalhães Fernandes, T. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchal, O. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marie, J. Marinoni, S. Marrese, P.M. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Martino, M. Mary, N. Matijevič, G. Mazeh, T. McMillan, P.J. Messina, S. Mestre, A. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Miranda, B.M.H. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molinaro, M. Molnár, L. Moniez, M. Montegriffo, P. Monteiro, D. Mor, R. Mora, A. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morgenthaler, S. Morley, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Muraveva, T. Musella, I. Narbonne, J. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. Ordénovic, C. Ordieres-Meré, J. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Parsons, P. Paulsen, T. Pecoraro, M. Pedrosa, R. Pentikäinen, H. Pereira, J. Pichon, B. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Ragaini, S. Rago, S. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Ranalli, P. Rauw, G. Read, A. Regibo, S. Renk, F. Reylé, C. Ribeiro, R.A. Rimoldini, L. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rixon, G. Roelens, M. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Rudolph, A. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schnorhk, A. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Segransan, D. Serpell, E. Shih, I.-C. Smareglia, R. Smart, R.L. Smith, C. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Süveges, M. Surdej, J. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Tingley, B. Trager, S.C. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Valentini, G. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Varadi, M. Vecchiato, A. Veljanoski, J. Via, T. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Walmsley, G. Weiler, M. Weingrill, K. Werner, D. Wevers, T. Whitehead, G. Wyrzykowski, Ł. Yoldas, A. Žerjal, M. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T. Alecu, A. Allen, M. Allende Prieto, C. Amorim, A. Anglada-Escudé, G. Arsenijevic, V. Azaz, S. Balm, P. Beck, M. Bernstein, H.-H. Bigot, L. Bijaoui, A. Blasco, C. Bonfigli, M. Bono, G. Boudreault, S. Bressan, A. Brown, S. Brunet, P.-M. Bunclark, P. Buonanno, R. Butkevich, A.G. Carret, C. Carrion, C. Chemin, L. Chéreau, F. Corcione, L. Darmigny, E. De Boer, K.S. De Teodoro, P. De Zeeuw, P.T. Delle Luche, C. Domingues, C.D. Dubath, P. Fodor, F. Frézouls, B. Fries, A. Fustes, D. Fyfe, D. Gallardo, E. Gallegos, J. Gardiol, D. Gebran, M. Gomboc, A. Gómez, A. Grux, E. Gueguen, A. Heyrovsky, A. Hoar, J. Iannicola, G. Isasi Parache, Y. Janotto, A.-M. Joliet, E. Jonckheere, A. Keil, R. Kim, D.-W. Klagyivik, P. Klar, J. Knude, J. Kochukhov, O. Kolka, I. Kos, J. Kutka, A. Lainey, V. Lebouquin, D. Liu, C. Loreggia, D. Makarov, V.V. Marseille, M.G. Martayan, C. Martinez-Rubi, O. Massart, B. Meynadier, F. Mignot, S. Munari, U. Nguyen, A.-T. Nordlander, T. Ocvirk, P. O'Flaherty, K.S. Olias Sanz, A. Ortiz, P. Osorio, J. Oszkiewicz, D. Ouzounis, A. Palmer, M. Park, P. Pasquato, E. Peltzer, C. Peralta, J. Péturaud, F. Pieniluoma, T. Pigozzi, E. Poels, J. Prat, G. Prod'homme, T. Raison, F. Rebordao, J.M. Risquez, D. Rocca-Volmerange, B. Rosen, S. Ruiz-Fuertes, M.I. Russo, F. Sembay, S. Serraller Vizcaino, I. Short, A. Siebert, A. Silva, H. Sinachopoulos, D. Slezak, E. Soffel, M. Sosnowska, D. Straižys, V. Ter Linden, M. Terrell, D. Theil, S. Tiede, C. Troisi, L. Tsalmantza, P. Tur, D. Vaccari, M. Vachier, F. Valles, P. Van Hamme, W. Veltz, L. Virtanen, J. Wallut, J.-M. Wichmann, R. Wilkinson, M.I. Ziaeepour, H. Zschocke, S.
Subjects: instruments [space vehicles], proper motions, parallaxes, astrometry, telescopes, structure [Galaxy]
Abstract: Gaia is a cornerstone mission in the science programme of the European Space Agency (ESA). The spacecraft construction was approved in 2006, following a study in which the original interferometric concept was changed to a direct-imaging approach. Both the spacecraft and the payload were built by European industry. The involvement of the scientific community focusses on data processing for which the international Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) was selected in 2007. Gaia was launched on 19 December 2013 and arrived at its operating point, the second Lagrange point of the Sun-Earth-Moon system, a few weeks later. The commissioning of the spacecraft and payload was completed on 19 July 2014. The nominal five-year mission started with four weeks of special, ecliptic-pole scanning and subsequently transferred into full-sky scanning mode. We recall the scientific goals of Gaia and give a description of the as-built spacecraft that is currently (mid-2016) being operated to achieve these goals. We pay special attention to the payload module, the performance of which is closely related to the scientific performance of the mission. We provide a summary of the commissioning activities and findings, followed by a description of the routine operational mode. We summarise scientific performance estimates on the basis of in-orbit operations. Several intermediate Gaia data releases are planned and the data can be retrieved from the Gaia Archive, which is available through the Gaia home page.http://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Detection of a new white-dwarf binary system in the extreme ultraviolet using the Rosat wide field camera

Author: Cooke, B.A., Barstow, M.A., Breeveld, E.R., Charles, P.A., Goodall, C.V., Gourlay, J.A., Hassall, B.J.M., Huckle, H.E., Kent, B.J., Pye, J.P., Richards, A.G., Sims, M.R., Sumner, T.J., Watson, M.G., Wells, A., Willingale, R., and Wright, J.S.
Subjects: Rosat (Artificial satellite) -- Discovery and exploration, Ultraviolet astronomy -- Research, Stars, Double -- Discovery and exploration, White dwarfs -- Discovery and exploration, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Published: 1992

31. Detection of a stellar flare at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths

Author: Barstow, M.A., Bromage, G.E., Pankiewicz, G.S., Gonzalez-Riestra, R., Pye, J.P., and Denby, M.
Subjects: Ultraviolet radiation -- Observations, Flare stars -- Observations, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Published: 1991

32. Gaia Data Release 1: Summary of the astrometric, photometric, and survey properties

Author: Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Mignard, F. Drimmel, R. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Katz, D. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. O'Mullane, W. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Valette, V. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Aerts, C. Arenou, F. Cropper, M. Høg, E. Lattanzi, M.G. Grebel, E.K. Holland, A.D. Huc, C. Passot, X. Perryman, M. Bramante, L. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Hernández, J. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Torra, J. Els, S.G. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Lock, T. Mercier, E. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Cowell, S. Creevey, O. Cuypers, J. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. De Torres, A. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Frémat, Y. García-Torres, M. Gosset, E. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hauser, M. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Huckle, H.E. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jordan, S. Kontizas, M. Korn, A.J. Lanzafame, A.C. Manteiga, M. Moitinho, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Smith, K.W. Sozzetti, A. Thuillot, W. Van Reeven, W. Viala, Y. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aguado, J.J. Allan, P.M. Allasia, W. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Antón, S. Arcay, B. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbier, A. Barblan, F. Barrado Y Navascués, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bello García, A. Belokurov, V. Bendjoya, P. Berihuete, A. Bianchi, L. Bienaymé, O. Billebaud, F. Blagorodnova, N. Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Bombrun, A. Borrachero, R. Bouquillon, S. Bourda, G. Bouy, H. Bragaglia, A. Breddels, M.A. Brouillet, N. Brüsemeister, T. Bucciarelli, B. Burgess, P. Burgon, R. Burlacu, A. Busonero, D. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. Cambras, J. Campbell, H. Cancelliere, R. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carlucci, T. Carrasco, J.M. Castellani, M. Charlot, P. Charnas, J. Chiavassa, A. Clotet, M. Cocozza, G. Collins, R.S. Costigan, G. Crifo, F. Cross, N.J.G. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Dafonte, C. Damerdji, Y. Dapergolas, A. David, P. David, M. De Cat, P. De Felice, F. De Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Martino, D. De Souza, R. Debosscher, J. Del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H.E. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Dos Anjos, S. Drazinos, P. Duran, J. Dzigan, Y. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Evans, N.W. Eynard Bontemps, G. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Falcão, A.J. Farràs Casas, M. Federici, L. Fedorets, G. Fernández-Hernández, J. Fernique, P. Fienga, A. Figueras, F. Filippi, F. Findeisen, K. Fonti, A. Fouesneau, M. Fraile, E. Fraser, M. Fuchs, J. Gai, M. Galleti, S. Galluccio, L. Garabato, D. García-Sedano, F. Garofalo, A. Garralda, N. Gavras, P. Gerssen, J. Geyer, R. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Gomes, M. González-Marcos, A. González-Núñez, J. González-Vidal, J.J. Granvik, M. Guerrier, A. Guillout, P. Guiraud, J. Gúrpide, A. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. Guy, L.P. Haigron, R. Hatzidimitriou, D. Haywood, M. Heiter, U. Helmi, A. Hobbs, D. Hofmann, W. Holl, B. Holland, G. Hunt, J.A.S. Hypki, A. Icardi, V. Irwin, M. Jevardat De Fombelle, G. Jofré, P. Jonker, P.G. Jorissen, A. Julbe, F. Karampelas, A. Kochoska, A. Kohley, R. Kolenberg, K. Kontizas, E. Koposov, S.E. Kordopatis, G. Koubsky, P. Krone-Martins, A. Kudryashova, M. Kull, I. Bachchan, R.K. Lacoste-Seris, F. Lanza, A.F. Lavigne, J.-B. Le Poncin-Lafitte, C. Lebreton, Y. Lebzelter, T. Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Lemaitre, V. Lenhardt, H. Leroux, F. Liao, S. Licata, E. Lindstrøm, H.E.P. Lister, T.A. Livanou, E. Lobel, A. Löffler, W. López, M. Lorenz, D. MacDonald, I. Magalhães Fernandes, T. Managau, S. Mann, R.G. Mantelet, G. Marchal, O. Marchant, J.M. Marconi, M. Marinoni, S. Marrese, P.M. Marschalkó, G. Marshall, D.J. Martín-Fleitas, J.M. Martino, M. Mary, N. Matijevič, G. Mazeh, T. McMillan, P.J. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N.R. Miranda, B.M.H. Molina, D. Molinaro, R. Molinaro, M. Molnár, L. Moniez, M. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. Mora, A. Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morgenthaler, S. Morris, D. Mulone, A.F. Muraveva, T. Musella, I. Narbonne, J. Nelemans, G. Nicastro, L. Noval, L. Ordénovic, C. Ordieres-Meré, J. Osborne, P. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. Pailler, F. Palacin, H. Palaversa, L. Parsons, P. Pecoraro, M. Pedrosa, R. Pentikäinen, H. Pichon, B. Piersimoni, A.M. Pineau, F.-X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poujoulet, E. Prša, A. Pulone, L. Ragaini, S. Rago, S. Rambaux, N. Ramos-Lerate, M. Ranalli, P. Rauw, G. Read, A. Regibo, S. Reylé, C. Ribeiro, R.A. Rimoldini, L. Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rixon, G. Roelens, M. Romero-Gómez, M. Rowell, N. Royer, F. Ruiz-Dern, L. Sadowski, G. Sagristà Sellés, T. Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Sarasso, M. Savietto, H. Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J.C. Segransan, D. Shih, I.-C. Smareglia, R. Smart, R.L. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Sordo, R. Soria Nieto, S. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. Spoto, F. Stampa, U. Steele, I.A. Steidelmüller, H. Stephenson, C.A. Stoev, H. Suess, F.F. Süveges, M. Surdej, J. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Tapiador, D. Taris, F. Tauran, G. Taylor, M.B. Teixeira, R. Terrett, D. Tingley, B. Trager, S.C. Turon, C. Ulla, A. Utrilla, E. Valentini, G. Van Elteren, A. Van Hemelryck, E. Van Leeuwen, M. Varadi, M. Vecchiato, A. Veljanoski, J. Via, T. Vicente, D. Vogt, S. Voss, H. Votruba, V. Voutsinas, S. Walmsley, G. Weiler, M. Weingrill, K. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, Ł. Yoldas, A. Žerjal, M. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T. Alecu, A. Allen, M. Allende Prieto, C. Amorim, A. Anglada-Escudé, G. Arsenijevic, V. Azaz, S. Balm, P. Beck, M. Bernstein, H.-H. Bigot, L. Bijaoui, A. Blasco, C. Bonfigli, M. Bono, G. Boudreault, S. Bressan, A. Brown, S. Brunet, P.-M. Bunclark, P. Buonanno, R. Butkevich, A.G. Carret, C. Carrion, C. Chemin, L. Chéreau, F. Corcione, L. Darmigny, E. De Boer, K.S. De Teodoro, P. De Zeeuw, P.T. Delle Luche, C. Domingues, C.D. Dubath, P. Fodor, F. Frézouls, B. Fries, A. Fustes, D. Fyfe, D. Gallardo, E. Gallegos, J. Gardiol, D. Gebran, M. Gomboc, A. Gómez, A. Grux, E. Gueguen, A. Heyrovsky, A. Hoar, J. Iannicola, G. Isasi Parache, Y. Janotto, A.-M. Joliet, E. Jonckheere, A. Keil, R. Kim, D.-W. Klagyivik, P. Klar, J. Knude, J. Kochukhov, O. Kolka, I. Kos, J. Kutka, A. Lainey, V. LeBouquin, D. Liu, C. Loreggia, D. Makarov, V.V. Marseille, M.G. Martayan, C. Martinez-Rubi, O. Massart, B. Meynadier, F. Mignot, S. Munari, U. Nguyen, A.-T. Nordlander, T. Ocvirk, P. O'Flaherty, K.S. Olias Sanz, A. Ortiz, P. Osorio, J. Oszkiewicz, D. Ouzounis, A. Palmer, M. Park, P. Pasquato, E. Peltzer, C. Peralta, J. Péturaud, F. Pieniluoma, T. Pigozzi, E. Poels, J. Prat, G. Prod'homme, T. Raison, F. Rebordao, J.M. Risquez, D. Rocca-Volmerange, B. Rosen, S. Ruiz-Fuertes, M.I. Russo, F. Sembay, S. Serraller Vizcaino, I. Short, A. Siebert, A. Silva, H. Sinachopoulos, D. Slezak, E. Soffel, M. Sosnowska, D. Straižys, V. Ter Linden, M. Terrell, D. Theil, S. Tiede, C. Troisi, L. Tsalmantza, P. Tur, D. Vaccari, M. Vachier, F. Valles, P. Van Hamme, W. Veltz, L. Virtanen, J. Wallut, J.-M. Wichmann, R. Wilkinson, M.I. Ziaeepour, H. Zschocke, S.
Abstract: Context. At about 1000 days after the launch of Gaia we present the first Gaia data release, Gaia DR1, consisting of astrometry and photometry for over 1 billion sources brighter than magnitude 20.7. Aims. A summary of Gaia DR1 is presented along with illustrations of the scientific quality of the data, followed by a discussion of the limitations due to the preliminary nature of this release. Methods. The raw data collected by Gaia during the first 14 months of the mission have been processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) and turned into an astrometric and photometric catalogue. Results. Gaia DR1 consists of three components: a primary astrometric data set which contains the positions, parallaxes, and mean proper motions for about 2 million of the brightest stars in common with the Hipparcos and Tycho-2 catalogues - a realisation of the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) - and a secondary astrometric data set containing the positions for an additional 1.1 billion sources. The second component is the photometric data set, consisting of mean G-band magnitudes for all sources. The G-band light curves and the characteristics of ∼3000 Cepheid and RR Lyrae stars, observed at high cadence around the south ecliptic pole, form the third component. For the primary astrometric data set the typical uncertainty is about 0.3 mas for the positions and parallaxes, and about 1 mas yr-1 for the proper motions. A systematic component of ∼0.3 mas should be added to the parallax uncertainties. For the subset of ∼94 000 Hipparcos stars in the primary data set, the proper motions are much more precise at about 0.06 mas yr-1. For the secondary astrometric data set, the typical uncertainty of the positions is ∼10 mas. The median uncertainties on the mean G-band magnitudes range from the mmag level to ∼0.03 mag over the magnitude range 5 to 20.7. Conclusions. Gaia DR1 is an important milestone ahead of the next Gaia data release, which will feature five-parameter astrometry for all sources. Extensive validation shows that Gaia DR1 represents a major advance in the mapping of the heavens and the availability of basic stellar data that underpin observational astrophysics. Nevertheless, the very preliminary nature of this first Gaia data release does lead to a number of important limitations to the data quality which should be carefully considered before drawing conclusions from the data. © ESO, 2016.
Published: 2016

33. Gaia Data Release 1: Open cluster astrometry: Performance, limitations, and future prospects

Author: Van Leeuwen, F. Vallenari, A. Jordi, C. Lindegren, L. Bastian, U. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Brown, A.G.A. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Valette, V. Walton, N.A. Aerts, C. Arenou, F. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Høg, E. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. O'Mullane, W. Grebel, E.K. Holland, A.D. Huc, C. Passot, X. Perryman, M. Bramante, L. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Hernández, J. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Torra, J. Els, S.G. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Lock, T. Mercier, E. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Cowell, S. Creevey, O. Cuypers, J. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. De Torres, A. Delchambre, L. Dell'oro, A. Ducourant, C. Frémat, Y. García-Torres, M. Gosset, E. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hauser, M. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Huckle, H.E. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jordan, S. Kontizas, M. Korn, A.J. Lanzafame, A.C. Manteiga, M. Moitinho, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Smith, K.W. Sozzetti, A. Thuillot, W. Van Reeven, W. Viala, Y. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aguado, J.J. Allan, P.M. Allasia, W. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Antón, S. Arcay, B. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbier, A. Barblan, F. Navascués, B.Y.D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bello García, A. Belokurov, V. Bendjoya, P. Berihuete, A. and Van Leeuwen, F. Vallenari, A. Jordi, C. Lindegren, L. Bastian, U. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Brown, A.G.A. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Valette, V. Walton, N.A. Aerts, C. Arenou, F. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Høg, E. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. O'Mullane, W. Grebel, E.K. Holland, A.D. Huc, C. Passot, X. Perryman, M. Bramante, L. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Hernández, J. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Torra, J. Els, S.G. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Lock, T. Mercier, E. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Cowell, S. Creevey, O. Cuypers, J. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. De Torres, A. Delchambre, L. Dell'oro, A. Ducourant, C. Frémat, Y. García-Torres, M. Gosset, E. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hauser, M. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Huckle, H.E. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jordan, S. Kontizas, M. Korn, A.J. Lanzafame, A.C. Manteiga, M. Moitinho, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Smith, K.W. Sozzetti, A. Thuillot, W. Van Reeven, W. Viala, Y. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aguado, J.J. Allan, P.M. Allasia, W. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Antón, S. Arcay, B. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbier, A. Barblan, F. Navascués, B.Y.D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bello García, A. Belokurov, V. Bendjoya, P. Berihuete, A.
Abstract: Context. The first Gaia Data Release contains the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS). This is a subset of about 2 million stars for which, besides the position and photometry, the proper motion and parallax are calculated using Hipparcos and Tycho-2 positions in 1991.25 as prior information. Aims. We investigate the scientific potential and limitations of the TGAS component by means of the astrometric data for open clusters. Methods. Mean cluster parallax and proper motion values are derived taking into account the error correlations within the astrometric solutions for individual stars, an estimate of the internal velocity dispersion in the cluster, and, where relevant, the effects of the depth of the cluster along the line of sight. Internal consistency of the TGAS data is assessed. Results. Values given for standard uncertainties are still inaccurate and may lead to unrealistic unit-weight standard deviations of least squares solutions for cluster parameters. Reconstructed mean cluster parallax and proper motion values are generally in very good agreement with earlier Hipparcos-based determination, although the Gaia mean parallax for the Pleiades is a significant exception. We have no current explanation for that discrepancy. Most clusters are observed to extend to nearly 15 pc from the cluster centre, and it will be up to future Gaia releases to establish whether those potential cluster-member stars are still dynamically bound to the clusters. Conclusions. The Gaia DR1 provides the means to examine open clusters far beyond their more easily visible cores, and can provide membership assessments based on proper motions and parallaxes. A combined HR diagram shows the same features as observed before using the Hipparcos data, with clearly increased luminosities for older A and F dwarfs. © 2017 ESO.
Published: 2017

34. Gaia Data Release 1: Summary of the astrometric, photometric, and survey properties

Author: Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Mignard, F. Drimmel, R. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Katz, D. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. O'Mullane, W. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Valette, V. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Aerts, C. Arenou, F. Cropper, M. Høg, E. Lattanzi, M.G. Grebel, E.K. Holland, A.D. Huc, C. Passot, X. Perryman, M. Bramante, L. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Hernández, J. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Torra, J. Els, S.G. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Lock, T. Mercier, E. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Cowell, S. Creevey, O. Cuypers, J. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. De Torres, A. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Frémat, Y. García-Torres, M. Gosset, E. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hauser, M. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Huckle, H.E. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jordan, S. Kontizas, M. Korn, A.J. Lanzafame, A.C. Manteiga, M. Moitinho, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Smith, K.W. Sozzetti, A. Thuillot, W. Van Reeven, W. Viala, Y. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aguado, J.J. Allan, P.M. Allasia, W. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Antón, S. Arcay, B. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbier, A. Barblan, F. Barrado Y Navascués, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bello García, A. Belokurov, V. Bendjoya, P. Berihue and Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Mignard, F. Drimmel, R. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Katz, D. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. O'Mullane, W. Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Valette, V. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Aerts, C. Arenou, F. Cropper, M. Høg, E. Lattanzi, M.G. Grebel, E.K. Holland, A.D. Huc, C. Passot, X. Perryman, M. Bramante, L. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Hernández, J. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Torra, J. Els, S.G. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Lock, T. Mercier, E. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Cowell, S. Creevey, O. Cuypers, J. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. De Torres, A. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Frémat, Y. García-Torres, M. Gosset, E. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hauser, M. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Huckle, H.E. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jordan, S. Kontizas, M. Korn, A.J. Lanzafame, A.C. Manteiga, M. Moitinho, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Smith, K.W. Sozzetti, A. Thuillot, W. Van Reeven, W. Viala, Y. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aguado, J.J. Allan, P.M. Allasia, W. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Antón, S. Arcay, B. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbier, A. Barblan, F. Barrado Y Navascués, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bello García, A. Belokurov, V. Bendjoya, P. Berihue
Abstract: Context. At about 1000 days after the launch of Gaia we present the first Gaia data release, Gaia DR1, consisting of astrometry and photometry for over 1 billion sources brighter than magnitude 20.7. Aims. A summary of Gaia DR1 is presented along with illustrations of the scientific quality of the data, followed by a discussion of the limitations due to the preliminary nature of this release. Methods. The raw data collected by Gaia during the first 14 months of the mission have been processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) and turned into an astrometric and photometric catalogue. Results. Gaia DR1 consists of three components: a primary astrometric data set which contains the positions, parallaxes, and mean proper motions for about 2 million of the brightest stars in common with the Hipparcos and Tycho-2 catalogues - a realisation of the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) - and a secondary astrometric data set containing the positions for an additional 1.1 billion sources. The second component is the photometric data set, consisting of mean G-band magnitudes for all sources. The G-band light curves and the characteristics of ∼3000 Cepheid and RR Lyrae stars, observed at high cadence around the south ecliptic pole, form the third component. For the primary astrometric data set the typical uncertainty is about 0.3 mas for the positions and parallaxes, and about 1 mas yr-1 for the proper motions. A systematic component of ∼0.3 mas should be added to the parallax uncertainties. For the subset of ∼94 000 Hipparcos stars in the primary data set, the proper motions are much more precise at about 0.06 mas yr-1. For the secondary astrometric data set, the typical uncertainty of the positions is ∼10 mas. The median uncertainties on the mean G-band magnitudes range from the mmag level to ∼0.03 mag over the magnitude range 5 to 20.7. Conclusions. Gaia DR1 is an important milestone ahead of the next Gaia data release, which will feature five-param
Published: 2016

35. The Gaia mission

Author: Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Milligan, D.J. Panem, C. Poinsignon, V. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sarri, G. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Valette, V. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Aerts, C. Arenou, F. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Høg, E. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. O'Mullane, W. Grebel, E.K. Holland, A.D. Huc, C. Passot, X. Bramante, L. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Hernández, J. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Torra, J. Els, S.G. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Lock, T. Mercier, E. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Cowell, S. Creevey, O. Cuypers, J. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. De Torres, A. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Frémat, Y. García-Torres, M. Gosset, E. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hauser, M. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Huckle, H.E. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jordan, S. Kontizas, M. Korn, A.J. Lanzafame, A.C. Manteiga, M. Moitinho, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Smith, K.W. Sozzetti, A. Thuillot, W. Van Reeven, W. Viala, Y. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aguado, J.J. Allan, P.M. Allasia, W. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Antón, S. Arcay, B. Atzei, A. Ayache, L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbier, A. Barblan, F. Baroni, M. Barrado Y Navascués, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Becciani, U. Bellazz and Prusti, T. De Bruijne, J.H.J. Brown, A.G.A. Vallenari, A. Babusiaux, C. Bailer-Jones, C.A.L. Bastian, U. Biermann, M. Evans, D.W. Eyer, L. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S.A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. Milligan, D.J. Panem, C. Poinsignon, V. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sarri, G. Sartoretti, P. Siddiqui, H.I. Soubiran, C. Valette, V. Van Leeuwen, F. Walton, N.A. Aerts, C. Arenou, F. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Høg, E. Katz, D. Lattanzi, M.G. O'Mullane, W. Grebel, E.K. Holland, A.D. Huc, C. Passot, X. Bramante, L. Cacciari, C. Castañeda, J. Chaoul, L. Cheek, N. De Angeli, F. Fabricius, C. Guerra, R. Hernández, J. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. Mowlavi, N. Nienartowicz, K. Ordóñez-Blanco, D. Panuzzo, P. Portell, J. Richards, P.J. Riello, M. Seabroke, G.M. Tanga, P. Thévenin, F. Torra, J. Els, S.G. Gracia-Abril, G. Comoretto, G. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Lock, T. Mercier, E. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Astraatmadja, T.L. Bellas-Velidis, I. Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Clementini, G. Cowell, S. Creevey, O. Cuypers, J. Davidson, M. De Ridder, J. De Torres, A. Delchambre, L. Dell'Oro, A. Ducourant, C. Frémat, Y. García-Torres, M. Gosset, E. Halbwachs, J.-L. Hambly, N.C. Harrison, D.L. Hauser, M. Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S.T. Huckle, H.E. Hutton, A. Jasniewicz, G. Jordan, S. Kontizas, M. Korn, A.J. Lanzafame, A.C. Manteiga, M. Moitinho, A. Muinonen, K. Osinde, J. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J.-M. Recio-Blanco, A. Robin, A.C. Sarro, L.M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Smith, K.W. Sozzetti, A. Thuillot, W. Van Reeven, W. Viala, Y. Abbas, U. Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aguado, J.J. Allan, P.M. Allasia, W. Altavilla, G. Álvarez, M.A. Alves, J. Anderson, R.I. Andrei, A.H. Anglada Varela, E. Antiche, E. Antoja, T. Antón, S. Arcay, B. Atzei, A. Ayache, L. Bach, N. Baker, S.G. Balaguer-Núñez, L. Barache, C. Barata, C. Barbier, A. Barblan, F. Baroni, M. Barrado Y Navascués, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M.A. Becciani, U. Bellazz
Abstract: Gaia is a cornerstone mission in the science programme of the European Space Agency (ESA). The spacecraft construction was approved in 2006, following a study in which the original interferometric concept was changed to a direct-imaging approach. Both the spacecraft and the payload were built by European industry. The involvement of the scientific community focusses on data processing for which the international Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) was selected in 2007. Gaia was launched on 19 December 2013 and arrived at its operating point, the second Lagrange point of the Sun-Earth-Moon system, a few weeks later. The commissioning of the spacecraft and payload was completed on 19 July 2014. The nominal five-year mission started with four weeks of special, ecliptic-pole scanning and subsequently transferred into full-sky scanning mode. We recall the scientific goals of Gaia and give a description of the as-built spacecraft that is currently (mid-2016) being operated to achieve these goals. We pay special attention to the payload module, the performance of which is closely related to the scientific performance of the mission. We provide a summary of the commissioning activities and findings, followed by a description of the routine operational mode. We summarise scientific performance estimates on the basis of in-orbit operations. Several intermediate Gaia data releases are planned and the data can be retrieved from the Gaia Archive, which is available through the Gaia home page. © ESO, 2016.
Published: 2016

36. Heavy Elements in DA White Dwarfs

Author: Barstow, M.A., Burleigh, M.R., Bannister, N.P., Holberg, J.B., Hubeny, I., Bruhweiler, F.C., Napiwotzki, R., and School of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics
Abstract: other
Published: 2001

37. A comparison of DA white dwarf temperatures and gravities from Lyman and Balmer line studies

Author: Barstow, M.A., primary, Holberg, J.B., additional, Hubeny, I., additional, Good, S.A., additional, Levan, A.J., additional, and Meru, F., additional
Published: 2001
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38. The Interstellar and Circumstellar Environment of White Dwarfs

Author: Barstow, M.A., primary, Dobbie, P.D., additional, and Holberg, J.B., additional
Published: 1997
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39. The composition and structure of white dwarf atmospheres revealed by extreme ultraviolet spectroscopy

Author: Barstow, M.A., primary, Holberg, J.B., additional, Werner, K., additional, and Nousek, J.A., additional
Published: 1995
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40. Extreme-ultraviolet spectrophotometry of HD 15638 and HR 8210 (IK Peg)

Author: Barstow, M.A., primary, Holberg, J. B., additional, and Koester, D., additional
Published: 1994
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41. Photospheric composition and structure in white dwarfs

Author: Barstow, M.A., primary
Published: 1993
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42. Two new hot white dwarfs in a region of exceptionally low hi density

Author: Barstow, M.A., primary, Wesemael, F., additional, Holberg, J.B., additional, Werner, K., additional, Buckley, D.A.H., additional, Stobie, R.S., additional, Fontaine, G., additional, Rosen, S.R., additional, Demers, S., additional, Lamontagne, R., additional, Irwin, M.J., additional, Bergeron, P., additional, Kepler, S.O., additional, and Vennes, S., additional
Published: 1993
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43. ROSAT Studies of the Composition and Structure of DA White Dwarf Atmospheres

Author: Diamond, C.J., primary, Barstow, M.A., additional, Sansom, A.E., additional, Marsh, M.C., additional, Rosen, S.R., additional, Fleming, T.A., additional, Koester, D., additional, Finley, D.S., additional, Holberg, J.B., additional, and Kidder, K., additional
Published: 1993
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44. The operation of microchannel plates with square pores

Author: Fraser, G.W., primary, Lees, J.E., additional, Pearson, J.F., additional, and barstow, M.A., additional
Published: 1991
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45. EUV emission from a sample of late-type stars observed by the ROSAT wide field camera

Author: Jeffries, R.D., primary, Jewell, S.J., additional, Barstow, M.A., additional, Bromage, G.E., additional, Hodgkin, S.T., additional, Mason, K.O., additional, Matthews, L., additional, Mittaz, J.P.D., additional, Pye, J.P., additional, Quenby, J.J., additional, Rosen, S.R., additional, and Sidher, S.D., additional
Published: 1991
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46. The EUV background, the interstellar medium, and ROSAT

Author: Walker, H.J., primary, Harris, A.W., additional, Sumner, T.J., additional, Brebner, G.C., additional, Barstow, M.A., additional, and Willingale, R., additional
Published: 1991
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47. White dwarfs

Author: Barstow, M.A., primary
Published: 1991
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48. Observation of microchannel plate multifibre structure in soft X-ray images

Author: Barstow, M.A., primary, Lees, J.E., additional, and Fraser, G.W., additional
Published: 1990
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49. A comparison of DA white dwarf temperatures and gravities from FUSE Lyman line and ground-based Balmer line observations.

Author: Barstow, M.A., Good, S.A., Burleigh, M.R., Hubeny, I., Holberg, J.B., and Levan, A.J.
Subjects: *WHITE dwarf stars, *STARS, *ASTRONOMY
Abstract: ABSTRACT The observation of the strengths and profiles of the hydrogen Balmer absorption series is an established technique for determining the effective temperature and surface gravity of hot H-rich white dwarf stars. In principle, the Lyman series lines should be equally useful but, lying in the far-ultraviolet (FUV), are only accessible from space. Nevertheless, there are situations (for example, where the optical white dwarf spectrum is highly contaminated by the presence of a companion) in which use of the Lyman series may be essential. Therefore, it is important to establish whether or not the Lyman lines provide an equally valid means of measurement. We have already made a first attempt to study this problem, comparing Lyman line measurements from a variety of FUV instruments with ground-based Balmer line studies. Within the measurement uncertainties, we found the results from each line series to be broadly in agreement. However, we noted a number of potential systematic effects that could bias either measurement. With the availability of the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE ) data archive and observations from our own Guest Observer programmes, we now have an opportunity to examine the use of the Lyman series in more detail from observations of 16 DA white dwarfs. Here we have data produced by a single instrument and processed with a uniform data reduction pipeline, eliminating some of the possible systematic differences between observations of the same or different stars. We have also examined the scatter in values derived from multiple observations of the same star, which is significant. The new results partially reproduce the earlier study, showing that Balmer and Lyman line determined temperatures are in good agreement up to ∼50 000 K. However, above this value there is an increasing systematic difference between the Lyman and Balmer line results, the former yielding the higher temperature. At the moment, there is no clear explanation of this effect but we think that it is most likely associated with deficiencies in the detailed physics incorporated into the stellar model atmosphere calculations. Even so, the data do demonstrate that, for temperatures below 50 000 K, the Lyman lines give reliable results. Furthermore, for the hotter stars, a useful empirical calibration of the relationship between the Lyman and Balmer measurements has been obtained, which can be applied to other FUSE observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2003
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50. A multisite campaign on the pulsating subdwarf B star PG 1047+003.

Author: Kilkenny, D., Billères, M., Stobie, R.S., Fontaine, G., Shobbrook, R.R., O'Donoghue, D., Brassard, P., Sullivan, D.J., Burleigh, M.R., and Barstow, M.A.
Subjects: DWARF stars, ASTRONOMICAL photometry, PULSATING stars
Abstract: Results are presented from a multisite photometric campaign on the pulsating subdwarf B star, PG 1047+003. Approximately 98 h of data were obtained from three sites, with a duty cycle of ∼30 per cent. The light curve of PG 1047+003 is dominated by several frequencies in the range ∼6880–7500 μHz (periods 133–145 s). We identify, with some confidence, 18 frequencies between 5700 and 9605 μHz (104–175 s) down to an amplitude of 0.0004 in fractional intensity (0.04 per cent), thus doubling the number of published pulsation frequencies for this star. These pulsations correspond to low-order and low-degree acoustic modes. Several frequency spacings near 1.05 μHz suggest a rotation period for the star of 11.0 d. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2002
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