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2. The influence of needle exchange programs on injection risk behaviors and infection with hepatitis C virus among young injection drug users in select cities in the United States, 1994-2004

Author

Holtzman, Deborah, Barry, Vaughn, Ouellet, Lawrence J, Des Jarlais, Don C, Vlahov, David, Golub, Elizabeth T, Hudson, Sharon M, and Garfein, Richard S

Subjects
Hepatitis C virus infection, Injection drug use, Injection drug users, Drug injection risk behaviors, Needle exchange programs, Young adults, Surveys, United States, Human Movement and Sports Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Public Health, Epidemiology, Public health
Abstract

ObjectiveOur purpose was to assess whether participation in needle exchange programs (NEPs) influenced incident hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection through effects on injection risk behaviors among young injection drug users (IDUs) in the United States.MethodsData were drawn from three multi-site studies carried out in four major cities that enrolled IDUs over the period 1994–2004. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess relationships among sociodemographic characteristics, NEP use, injection risk behaviors, and prevalent or incident HCV infection.ResultsOf the total participants (n = 4663), HCV seroprevalence was 37%; among those who initially tested negative and completed follow-up at three, six, or 12 months (n = 1288), 12% seroconverted. Nearly half of participants reported NEP (46%) use at baseline. Multivariate results showed no significant relationship between NEP use and HCV seroconversion. Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, IDUs reporting NEP use were significantly less likely to share needles (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.67–0.88). Additionally, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and program use, sharing needles, sharing other injection paraphernalia, longer injection duration, and injecting daily were all positively related to prevalent infection.ConclusionsOur results suggest an indirect protective effect of NEP use on HCV infection by reducing risk behavior.

Published
2023

4. The influence of needle exchange programs on injection risk behaviors and infection with hepatitis C virus among young injection drug users in select cities in the United States, 1994-2004

Author

Holtzman, Deborah, Barry, Vaughn, Ouellet, Lawrence J, Des Jarlais, Don C, Vlahov, David, Golub, Elizabeth T, Hudson, Sharon M, and Garfein, Richard S

Subjects
Hepatitis C virus infection, Injection drug use, Injection drug users, Drug injection risk behaviors, Needle exchange programs, Young adults, Surveys, United States, Human Movement and Sports Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Public Health
Abstract

ObjectiveOur purpose was to assess whether participation in needle exchange programs (NEPs) influenced incident hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection through effects on injection risk behaviors among young injection drug users (IDUs) in the United States.MethodsData were drawn from three multi-site studies carried out in four major cities that enrolled IDUs over the period 1994–2004. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess relationships among sociodemographic characteristics, NEP use, injection risk behaviors, and prevalent or incident HCV infection.ResultsOf the total participants (n = 4663), HCV seroprevalence was 37%; among those who initially tested negative and completed follow-up at three, six, or 12 months (n = 1288), 12% seroconverted. Nearly half of participants reported NEP (46%) use at baseline. Multivariate results showed no significant relationship between NEP use and HCV seroconversion. Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, IDUs reporting NEP use were significantly less likely to share needles (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.67–0.88). Additionally, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and program use, sharing needles, sharing other injection paraphernalia, longer injection duration, and injecting daily were all positively related to prevalent infection.ConclusionsOur results suggest an indirect protective effect of NEP use on HCV infection by reducing risk behavior.

Published
2021

5. Emergency Department Visits for Pedestrians Injured in Motor Vehicle Traffic Crashes--United States, January 2021-December 2023

Author

Barry, Vaughn, Van Dyke, Miriam E., Nakayama, Jasmine Y., Zaganjor, Hatidza, Sheppard, Michael, Stein, Zachary, Radhakrishnan, Lakshmi, Schweninger, Emily, Rose, Kenneth, Whitfield, Geoffrey P., and West, Bethany

Subjects
United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, United States. Department of Transportation, Hospitals -- Emergency service, Health
Abstract

Introduction In 2021, approximately 7,000 pedestrians were killed in motor vehicle crashes, the most in 40 years (1). During 2009-2016, approximately 47,000 traffic-related hospital admissions occurred annually among pedestrians (2). [...]

Published
2024

7. An Exploratory Study of the Effects of Aquatic Walking on Function and Muscle Activity in Knee Osteoarthritis: Part 2.

Author

Coons, John M., grubbs, brandon, Theiss, Conor, and Barry, Vaughn W.

Subjects
KNEE osteoarthritis, KNEE muscles, LEG muscles, TIBIALIS anterior, ACTIVITIES of daily living
Abstract

This paper presents Part 2 of a study that investigated the effects of an 8-week (3x/week) underwater treadmill (UT) walking intervention on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) outcomes in 6 adults with KOA (62.7 ± 14.2 years). The Knee Outcome Survey (KOS) for activities of daily living and muscle activity during a 10-m walk and a 20 cm step down were measured before and after the intervention. The following KOS measures improved after the UT walking program (p < 0.05; g > 0.8): stiffness, swelling, weakness, walking, going up stairs, going downstairs, kneeling on the front of the knee, squatting, and sitting with the knee bent. Knee flexion excursion during stance of walking increased after the UT walking intervention (p = .01). Co-activation between the tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius decreased during the 20 cm step down (p = .04). The findings of this study support using the WWE as a model for UT walking interventions in KOA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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8. An Exploratory Study of Aquatic Walking on Symptoms and Functional Limitations in Persons with Knee Osteoarthritis: Part 1.

Author

Coons, John M., Grubbs, Brandon, Barry, Vaughn W., and Conners, Ryan T.

Subjects
KNEE osteoarthritis, FUNCTIONAL status, SYMPTOMS, WALKING speed, OSTEOARTHRITIS, KNEE pain
Abstract

This paper represents Part 1 of a study that explored the effects of an underwater treadmill (UT) walking program on pain and function in adults with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), numerical rating scale (NRS), timed up-and-go (TUG), and 10-m walk were assessed in 6 adults (62.7 ±14.2 years) who participated in an 8-week (3x/wk) UT walking intervention based on the Arthritis Foundation's Walk With Ease (WWE) program. Walking pace was self-selected, and walking duration of each session was increased from 10 to 45 minutes throughout the study. Knee pain and function were assessed pre-control (PRC), pre-intervention (PRI) and postintervention (PST). NRS improved from PRC and PRI to PST (p = .03, d = .37). WOMAC subscale scores of pain, (d = .36); stiffness (d = .44); pain during daily activities (d = .41); and total scores (d = .42) improved (p < .05) from PRC to PST. Self-selected walking speed increased concurrently with decreased knee pain (NRS) from PRI to PST. The results support the WWE as a model for an UT walking program for improving knee pain in KOA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. Validation of the Actigraph GT3X and ActivPAL Accelerometers for the Assessment of Sedentary Behavior

Author

Kim, Youngdeok, Barry, Vaughn W., and Kang, Minsoo

Abstract

This study examined (a) the validity of two accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X [ActiGraph LLC, Pensacola, FL, USA] and activPAL [PAL Technologies Ltd., Glasgow, Scotland]) for the assessment of sedentary behavior; and (b) the variations in assessment accuracy by setting minimum sedentary bout durations against a proxy for direct observation using an automated wearable camera in free-living environments. Time spent in sedentary behavior estimated from the GT3X, with varying identification methods (i.e., a hybrid machine learning algorithm, Sojourn, and activity count thresholds), and the activPAL were compared to the criterion measure with and without applying minimum sedentary bout durations. The activPAL assessed sedentary behavior most accurately followed by GT3X with the "Sojourn" method. The performance of the GT3X is improved when identifying sedentary bouts = 15 min with the "Sojourn" method or a threshold of < 150 cpm. The activPAL should be considered for studies focusing on sedentary behavior. The ability of the GT3X to assess sedentary behavior is improved when focusing on sedentary bouts = 15 min using the Sojourn method or the threshold of < 150 cpm.

Published
2015
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26. The influence of needle exchange programs on injection risk behaviors and infection with hepatitis C virus among young injection drug users in select cities in the United States, 1994-2004

Author

Holtzman, Deborah, Holtzman, Deborah, Barry, Vaughn, Ouellet, Lawrence J, Des Jarlais, Don C, Vlahov, David, Golub, Elizabeth T, Hudson, Sharon M, Garfein, Richard S, Holtzman, Deborah, Holtzman, Deborah, Barry, Vaughn, Ouellet, Lawrence J, Des Jarlais, Don C, Vlahov, David, Golub, Elizabeth T, Hudson, Sharon M, and Garfein, Richard S

Abstract

Objective Our purpose was to assess whether participation in needle exchange programs (NEPs) influenced incident hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection through effects on injection risk behaviors among young injection drug users (IDUs) in the United States. Methods Data were drawn from three multi-site studies carried out in four major cities that enrolled IDUs over the period 1994–2004. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess relationships among sociodemographic characteristics, NEP use, injection risk behaviors, and prevalent or incident HCV infection. Results Of the total participants (n = 4663), HCV seroprevalence was 37%; among those who initially tested negative and completed follow-up at three, six, or 12 months (n = 1288), 12% seroconverted. Nearly half of participants reported NEP (46%) use at baseline. Multivariate results showed no significant relationship between NEP use and HCV seroconversion. Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, IDUs reporting NEP use were significantly less likely to share needles (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.67–0.88). Additionally, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and program use, sharing needles, sharing other injection paraphernalia, longer injection duration, and injecting daily were all positively related to prevalent infection. Conclusions Our results suggest an indirect protective effect of NEP use on HCV infection by reducing risk behavior.

Published
2022

30. COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage Among Adults--United States, December 14, 2020-May 22, 2021

Author

Diesel, Jill, Sterrett, Natalie, Dasgupta, Sharoda, Kriss, Jennifer L., Barry, Vaughn, Esschert, Kayla Vanden, Whiteman, Ari, Cadwell, Betsy L., Weller, Daniel, Qualters, Judith R., Harris, LaTreace, Bhatt, Achal, Williams, Charnetta, Fox, LeAnne M., Delman, Dana Meaney, Black, Carla L., and Barbour, Kamil E.

Subjects
Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer Inc., Vaccination, Adults, Pharmaceutical industry, Health
Abstract

On June 21, 2021, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). The U.S. COVID-19 vaccination program launched on December 14, 2020. The Advisory [...]

Published
2021

31. Patterns in COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage, by Social Vulnerability and Urbanicity--United States, December 14, 2020-May 1, 2021

Author

Barry, Vaughn, Dasgupta, Sharoda, Weller, Daniel L., Kriss, Jennifer L., Cadwell, Betsy L., Rose, Charles, Pingali, Cassandra, Musial, Trieste, Sharpe, J. Danielle, Flores, Stephen A., Greenlund, Kurt J., Patel, Anita, Stewart, Andrea, Qualters, Judith R., Harris, LaTreace, Barbour, Kamil E., and Black, Carla L.

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -- Reports, Vaccination -- Reports, Health
Abstract

On May 28, 2021, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). Disparities in vaccination coverage by social vulnerability, defined as social and structural [...]

Published
2021

34. Initial Public Health Response and Interim Clinical Guidance for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak — United States, December 31, 2019–February 4, 2020

Author

Patel, Anita, Jernigan, Daniel B., Abdirizak, Fatuma, Abedi, Glen, Aggarwal, Sharad, Albina, Denise, Allen, Elizabeth, Andersen, Lauren, Anderson, Jade, Anderson, Megan, Anderson, Tara, Anderson, Kayla, Bardossy, Ana Cecilia, Barry, Vaughn, Beer, Karlyn, Bell, Michael, Berger, Sherri, Bertulfo, Joseph, Biggs, Holly, Bornemann, Jennifer, Bornstein, Josh, Bower, Willie, Bresee, Joseph, Brown, Clive, Budd, Alicia, Buigut, Jennifer, Burke, Stephen, Burke, Rachel, Burns, Erin, Butler, Jay, Cantrell, Russell, Cardemil, Cristina, Cates, Jordan, Cetron, Marty, Chatham-Stephens, Kevin, Chatham-Stevens, Kevin, Chea, Nora, Christensen, Bryan, Chu, Victoria, Clarke, Kevin, Cleveland, Angela, Cohen, Nicole, Cohen, Max, Cohn, Amanda, Collins, Jennifer, Dahl, Rebecca, Daley, Walter, Dasari, Vishal, Davlantes, Elizabeth, Dawson, Patrick, Delaney, Lisa, Donahue, Matthew, Dowell, Chad, Dyal, Jonathan, Edens, William, Eidex, Rachel, Epstein, Lauren, Evans, Mary, Fagan, Ryan, Farris, Kevin, Feldstein, Leora, Fox, LeAnne, Frank, Mark, Freeman, Brandi, Fry, Alicia, Fuller, James, Galang, Romeo, Gerber, Sue, Gokhale, Runa, Goldstein, Sue, Gorman, Sue, Gregg, William, Greim, William, Grube, Steven, Hall, Aron, Haynes, Amber, Hill, Sherrasa, Hornsby-Myers, Jennifer, Hunter, Jennifer, Ionta, Christopher, Isenhour, Cheryl, Jacobs, Max, Slifka, Kara Jacobs, Jernigan, Daniel, Jhung, Michael, Jones-Wormley, Jamie, Kambhampati, Anita, Kamili, Shifaq, Kennedy, Pamela, Kent, Charlotte, Killerby, Marie, Kim, Lindsay, Kirking, Hannah, Koonin, Lisa, Koppaka, Ram, Kosmos, Christine, Kuhar, David, Kuhnert-Tallman, Wendi, Kujawski, Stephanie, Kumar, Archana, Landon, Alexander, Lee, Leslie, Leung, Jessica, Lindstrom, Stephen, Link-Gelles, Ruth, Lively, Joana, Lu, Xiaoyan, Lynch, Brian, Malapati, Lakshmi, Mandel, Samantha, Manns, Brian, Marano, Nina, Marlow, Mariel, Marston, Barbara, McClung, Nancy, McClure, Liz, McDonald, Emily, McGovern, Oliva, Messonnier, Nancy, Midgley, Claire, Moulia, Danielle, Murray, Janna, Noelte, Kate, Noonan-Smith, Michelle, Nordlund, Kristen, Norton, Emily, Oliver, Sara, Pallansch, Mark, Parashar, Umesh, Patel, Manisha, Pettrone, Kristen, Pierce, Taran, Pietz, Harald, Pillai, Satish, Radonovich, Lewis, Reagan-Steiner, Sarah, Reel, Amy, Reese, Heather, Rha, Brian, Ricks, Philip, Rolfes, Melissa, Roohi, Shahrokh, Roper, Lauren, Rotz, Lisa, Routh, Janell, Sakthivel, Senthil Kumar, Sarmiento, Luisa, Schindelar, Jessica, Schneider, Eileen, Schuchat, Anne, Scott, Sarah, Shetty, Varun, Shockey, Caitlin, Shugart, Jill, Stenger, Mark, Stuckey, Matthew, Sunshine, Brittany, Sykes, Tamara, Trapp, Jonathan, Uyeki, Timothy, Vahey, Grace, Valderrama, Amy, Villanueva, Julie, Walker, Tunicia, Wallace, Megan, Wang, Lijuan, Watson, John, Weber, Angie, Weinbaum, Cindy, Weldon, William, Westnedge, Caroline, Whitaker, Brett, Whitaker, Michael, Williams, Alcia, Williams, Holly, Willams, Ian, Wong, Karen, Xie, Amy, and Yousef, Anna

Subjects
Health (social science), Epidemiology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Immigration, 030230 surgery, 01 natural sciences, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, State (polity), Health Information Management, Interim, Health care, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Infection control, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Full Report, media_common, Transmission (medicine), Health Policy, General Medicine, ComputingMilieux_GENERAL, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Public Health, Medical emergency, Epidemiological Monitoring, Coronavirus Infections, Mainland China, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Pneumonia, Viral, Disease cluster, Health(social science), Betacoronavirus, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, 0101 mathematics, China, Pandemics, Health policy, Infection Control, Transplantation, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Public health, 010102 general mathematics, COVID-19, Outbreak, medicine.disease, United States, Family medicine, Reports from the Cdc: MMWR, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S, business
Abstract

On December 31, 2019, Chinese health officials reported a cluster of cases of acute respiratory illness in persons associated with the Hunan seafood and animal market in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, in central China. On January 7, 2020, Chinese health officials confirmed that a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was associated with this initial cluster (1). As of February 4, 2020, a total of 20,471 confirmed cases, including 2,788 (13.6%) with severe illness,* and 425 deaths (2.1%) had been reported by the National Health Commission of China (2). Cases have also been reported in 26 locations outside of mainland China, including documentation of some person-to-person transmission and one death (2). As of February 4, 11 cases had been reported in the United States. On January 30, the World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General declared that the 2019-nCoV outbreak constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.† On January 31, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary declared a U.S. public health emergency to respond to 2019-nCoV.§ Also on January 31, the president of the United States signed a "Proclamation on Suspension of Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of Persons who Pose a Risk of Transmitting 2019 Novel Coronavirus," which limits entry into the United States of persons who traveled to mainland China to U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents and their families (3). CDC, multiple other federal agencies, state and local health departments, and other partners are implementing aggressive measures to slow transmission of 2019-nCoV in the United States (4,5). These measures require the identification of cases and their contacts in the United States and the appropriate assessment and care of travelers arriving from mainland China to the United States. These measures are being implemented in anticipation of additional 2019-nCoV cases in the United States. Although these measures might not prevent the eventual establishment of ongoing, widespread transmission of the virus in the United States, they are being implemented to 1) slow the spread of illness; 2) provide time to better prepare health care systems and the general public to be ready if widespread transmission with substantial associated illness occurs; and 3) better characterize 2019-nCoV infection to guide public health recommendations and the development of medical countermeasures including diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Public health authorities are monitoring the situation closely. As more is learned about this novel virus and this outbreak, CDC will rapidly incorporate new knowledge into guidance for action by CDC and state and local health departments.

Published
2020

35. Opening of Large Institutions of Higher Education and County-Level COVID-19 Incidence--United States, July 6-September 17, 2020

Author

Leidner, Andrew J., Barry, Vaughn, Bowen, Virginia B., Silver, Rachel, Musial, Trieste, Kang, Gloria J., Ritchey, Matthew D., Fletcher, Kelly, Barrios, Lisa, and Pevzner, Eric

Subjects
Education, Coronaviruses, Health
Abstract

During early August 2020, county-level incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) generally decreased across the United States, compared with incidence earlier in the summer (1); however, among young adults aged [...]

Published
2021

40. Update: Characteristics of Patients in a National Outbreak of E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use–Associated Lung Injuries — United States, October 2019

Author

Moritz, Erin D., Zapata, Lauren B., Lekiachvili, Akaki, Glidden, Emily, Annor, Francis B., Werner, Angela K., Ussery, Emily N., Hughes, Michelle M., Kimball, Anne, DeSisto, Carla L., Kenemer, Brandon, Shamout, Mays, Garcia, Macarena C., Reagan-Steiner, Sarah, Petersen, Emily E., Koumans, Emily H., Ritchey, Matthew D., King, Brian A., Jones, Christopher M., Briss, Peter A., Delaney, Lisa, Patel, Anita, Polen, Kara D., Sives, Katie, Meaney-Delman, Dana, Chatham-Stephens, Kevin, Adebayo, Adebola, Adjemian, Jennifer, Amin, Minal, Aponte, Jose, Appiah, Grace, Armatas, Christina, Arons, Melissa, Atti, Sukhshant Kaur, Banks, Michelle, Barry, Vaughn, Board, Amy, Boehmer, Tegan, Bowyer, John, Boyle-Estheimer, Lauren, Browning, Diane, Bui, David, Cates, Jordan, Chandra, Gyan, Chang, Karen, Chevinsky, Jennifer, Chiang, Katelyn, Cho, Pyone, Cone, George, Cone, Matthew, Cowan, Kristen, Delaney, Augustina, Duca, Lindsey, Dunn, Angela, Ebrahim-Zadeh, Shideh Delrahim, Engel, Jeff, Evans, Molly, Fields, Victoria, Fleishauer, Aaron, Freed, Jennifer, Gately, Allison, Ghinai, Isaac, Green, Caitlin, Hamilton, Janet, Hanchey, Arianna, Hartnett, Kathleen, Heinzerling, Amy, Hodges, Dessica, Hoots, Brooke, Islam, Asad, Israel, Mia, Jang, Yunho, Jiva, Sumera, Johnson, Jona, Kaboré, Charlotte, Kiernan, Emily, Kirbiyik, Uzay, Kisselburgh, Hannah, Kothari, Mimisha, Krishnasamy, Vikram, Lamtahri, Mohammed, Landen, Michael, Layden, Jennifer, Layer, Mark, Lynfield, Ruth, Marshall, Kristen, McCaffrey, Keegan, McLanahan, Eva, Meiman, Jonathan, Mikosz, Christina, Miller, Maureen, Mir, Roger, Mohamoud, Yousra, Navon, Livia, Neelam, Varsha, Nitschke, David, Njai, Rashid, O’Laughlin, Kevin, Olson, Samantha, Perrine, Cria, Pickens, Cassandra, Pomeroy, Mary, Powell, Aaron Kite, Pray, Ian, Rogers, Tia, Roth, Nicole, Salvatore, Phillip, Schrodt, Caroline, Shafer, Sarah, Shah, Dhara, Smalley, Raschelle, Sumner, Steven, Tanz, Lauren, Tenforde, Mark, Thomas, Vilma, Toe, Megan, Varela, Kate, Vivolo, Alana, Wilken, Jason, Yang, Peter, and Yousaf, Anna

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), Adolescent, Epidemiology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Patient characteristics, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, Lung injury, Disease Outbreaks, Food and drug administration, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Health Information Management, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Dronabinol, 030212 general & internal medicine, Symptom onset, Full Report, Young adult, Aged, business.industry, Vaping, Public health, Outbreak, Lung Injury, General Medicine, Middle Aged, United States, Female, Erratum, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S, Substance use, business
Abstract

CDC, the Food and Drug Administration, state and local health departments, and other public health and clinical stakeholders are investigating a national outbreak of electronic-cigarette (e-cigarette), or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) (1). As of October 22, 2019, 49 states, the District of Columbia (DC), and the U.S. Virgin Islands have reported 1,604 cases of EVALI to CDC, including 34 (2.1%) EVALI-associated deaths in 24 states. Based on data collected as of October 15, 2019, this report updates data on patient characteristics and substances used in e-cigarette, or vaping, products (2) and describes characteristics of EVALI-associated deaths. The median age of EVALI patients who survived was 23 years, and the median age of EVALI patients who died was 45 years. Among 867 (54%) EVALI patients with available data on use of specific e-cigarette, or vaping, products in the 3 months preceding symptom onset, 86% reported any use of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-containing products, 64% reported any use of nicotine-containing products, and 52% reported use of both. Exclusive use of THC-containing products was reported by 34% of patients and exclusive use of nicotine-containing products by 11%, and for 2% of patients, no use of either THC- or nicotine-containing products was reported. Among 19 EVALI patients who died and for whom substance use data were available, 84% reported any use of THC-containing products, including 63% who reported exclusive use of THC-containing products; 37% reported any use of nicotine-containing products, including 16% who reported exclusive use of nicotine-containing products. To date, no single compound or ingredient used in e-cigarette, or vaping, products has emerged as the cause of EVALI, and there might be more than one cause. Because most patients reported using THC-containing products before symptom onset, CDC recommends that persons should not use e-cigarette, or vaping, products that contain THC. In addition, because the specific compound or ingredient causing lung injury is not yet known, and while the investigation continues, persons should consider refraining from the use of all e-cigarette, or vaping, products.

Published
2019

41. Update: Interim Guidance for Health Care Providers Evaluating and Caring for Patients with Suspected E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use Associated Lung Injury — United States, October 2019

Author

Siegel, David A., Jatlaoui, Tara C., Koumans, Emily H., Kiernan, Emily A., Layer, Mark, Cates, Jordan E., Kimball, Anne, Weissman, David N., Petersen, Emily E., Reagan-Steiner, Sarah, Godfred-Cato, Shana, Moulia, Danielle, Moritz, Erin, Lehnert, Jonathan D., Mitchko, Jane, London, Joel, Zaki, Sherif R., King, Brian A., Jones, Christopher M., Patel, Anita, Delman, Dana Meaney, Koppaka, Ram, Griffiths, Anne, Esper, Annette, Calfee, Carolyn S., Hayes, Don, Rao, Devika R., Harris, Dixie, Smith, Lincoln S., Aberegg, Scott, Callahan, Sean J., Njai, Rashid, Adjemian, Jennifer, Garcia, Macarena, Hartnett, Kathleen, Marshall, Kristen, Powell, Aaron Kite, Adebayo, Adebola, Amin, Minal, Banks, Michelle, Cates, Jordan, Al-Shawaf, Maeh, Boyle-Estheimer, Lauren, Briss, Peter, Chandra, Gyan, Chang, Karen, Chevinsky, Jennifer, Chiang, Katelyn, Cho, Pyone, DeSisto, Carla Lucia, Duca, Lindsey, Jiva, Sumera, Kaboré, Charlotte, Kenemer, John, Lekiachvili, Akaki, Miller, Maureen, Mohamoud, Yousra, Perrine, Cria, Shamout, Mays, Zapata, Lauren, Annor, Francis, Barry, Vaughn, Board, Amy, Evans, Mary E., Gately, Allison, Hoots, Brooke, Pickens, Cassandra, Rogers, Tia, Vivolo-Kantor, Alana, Cyrus, Alissa, Boehmer, Tegan, Glidden, Emily, Hanchey, Arianna, Werner, Angela, Zadeh, Shideh Ebrahim, Pickett, Donna, Fields, Victoria, Hughes, Michelle, Neelam, Varsha, Chatham-Stephens, Kevin, O’Laughlin, Kevin, Pomeroy, Mary, Atti, Sukhshant K., Freed, Jennifer, Johnson, Jona, McLanahan, Eva, Varela, Kate, Layden, Jennifer, Meiman, Jonathan, Roth, Nicole M., Browning, Diane, Delaney, Augustina, Olson, Samantha, Hodges, Dessica F., and Smalley, Raschelle

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), Adolescent, Epidemiology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, medicine.medical_treatment, Context (language use), Lung injury, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, law.invention, Disease Outbreaks, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Health Information Management, law, 030225 pediatrics, Interim, Health care, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Full Report, Aged, business.industry, Public health, Vaping, General Medicine, Lung Injury, Middle Aged, United States, Family medicine, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Smoking cessation, Female, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S, business, Electronic cigarette
Abstract

CDC, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), state and local health departments, and public health and clinical partners are investigating a multistate outbreak of lung injury associated with the use of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette), or vaping, products. In late August, CDC released recommendations for health care providers regarding e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (EVALI) based on limited data from the first reported cases (1,2). This report summarizes national surveillance data describing clinical features of more recently reported cases and interim recommendations based on these data for U.S. health care providers caring for patients with suspected or known EVALI. It provides interim guidance for 1) initial clinical evaluation; 2) suggested criteria for hospital admission and treatment; 3) patient follow-up; 4) special considerations for groups at high risk; and 5) clinical and public health recommendations. Health care providers evaluating patients suspected to have EVALI should ask about the use of e-cigarette, or vaping, products in a nonjudgmental and thorough manner. Patients suspected to have EVALI should have a chest radiograph (CXR), and hospital admission is recommended for patients who have decreased blood oxygen (O2) saturation (

Published
2019

47. Hepatitis E epidemic, Uganda

Author

Teshale, Eyasu H., Howard, Christopher M., Grytdal, Scott P., Handzel, Thomas R., Barry, Vaughn, Kamili, Saleem, Drobeniuc, Jan, Okware, Samuel, Downing, Robert, Tappero, Jordan W., Bakamutumaho, Barnabas, Teo, Chong-Gee, Ward, John W., Holmberg, Scott D., and Hu, Dale J.

Subjects
Hepatitis E -- Development and progression -- Health aspects, Epidemics -- Development and progression -- Health aspects, Mortality, Disease transmission -- Development and progression -- Health aspects, Pregnant women -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection causes large epidemics of liver disease in developing countries (1-3). In epidemic settings, HEV is transmitted by the fecal-oral route, and the most commonly attributed [...]

Published
2010
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49. Alcohol-impaired driving among adults--USA, 2014--2018.

Author

Barry, Vaughn, Schumacher, Amy, and Sauber Schatz, Erin

Subjects
DRUGGED driving, TRAFFIC accidents, CONFIDENCE intervals, SELF-evaluation, BINGE drinking, SURVEYS, SEX distribution, ALCOHOL drinking, DISEASE prevalence, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors, DATA analysis software, DRUNK driving
Published
2022
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