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Objective: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with age‐related chronic disease, and co‐infection with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) may compound disease risk. We aimed to assess the frequency of CMV infection and its relationship with age among EBV seropositive individuals in an Indigenous Amazonian population. Methods: We report concentrations of CMV and EBV antibodies in dried blood spot samples collected from 157 EBV positive Shuar participants aged 15–86 years (60.5% female) to assess CMV infection rate. We used logistic and linear regression models to examine associations among CMV, EBV, and age, adjusting for sex, geographic region, and body mass index. Results: Nearly two‐thirds (63.1%) of EBV seropositive participants were also CMV seropositive. A 1‐year increase in age was associated with 3.4% higher odds of CMV infection (OR [95% CI]: 1.034 [1.009–1.064], p =.012), but CMV antibody concentration was not significantly associated with age or EBV antibody concentration among co‐infected individuals. Conclusions: Herpesvirus‐related immunosenescence may be important to understanding chronic disease risk among Shuar. Future studies should further explore the role of co‐infection in shaping age‐related changes in immune function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Physical activity impacts the ageing process; yet, few studies have examined relationships among physical activity, functional abilities and health among older adults in non-Western settings. Aim: This study tests for associations among measures of physical activity, function and self-report health conditions among 200 older adults (49--50 years old) in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Methods: Seven consecutive days of accelerometry data were used in measures of physical activity (Total Daily Energy Expenditure [TDEE], Physical Activity Level [PAL], Daily Average Activity Count [AC] and Activity Energy Expenditure [AEE]). Measures of physical function included grip strength, timed walk and daily average sit time. Participants reported if they had been diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension, arthritis and/or depression. Results: All four measures of physical activity were positively associated with grip strength (p ≤ 0.05). AC was negatively associated with timed walk (p ≤ 0.05), and both AC and AEE were negatively associated with daily average sit time (p ≤ 0.05). Women who reported diagnosis of hypertension had lower PAL and AC (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: This study provides further evidence for a positive relationship between physical activity and functional ability among older adults and between physical activity and cardiovascular health among women in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objectives Accelerometry provides researchers with a powerful tool to measure physical activity in population-based studies, yet this technology has been underutilized in cross-cultural studies of older adults. The present study was conducted among older adults in an urban setting in India with the following three objectives: (1) to compare average activity levels obtained through different durations of monitoring (1, 3, and 7 days); (2) to document differences in physical activity patterns by sex and age; and (3) to evaluate links between measures of physical activity and anthropometrics, as well as between activity parameters and measures of household size, work status, and social cohesion. Methods The present study uses data from a physical activity substudy of the World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE-PA). This study of 200 older adults (49-90 years old; 72 males, 128 females) in urban India combines 7 continuous days of ActiGraph GT3X accelerometry with anthropometric and sociodemographic data. Results Results reveal overall low activity levels, with significantly lower activity energy expenditure (AEE) among females ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were documented in activity level by monitoring duration. Age was negatively correlated with AEE in men ( P < 0.01) and women ( P < 0.001). AEE was positively correlated with BMI in men ( P < 0.01) and women ( P < 0.05). Finally, women who were more socially integrated had greater AEE ( P < 0.01). Conclusions This study illustrates the utility of accelerometry for quantifying activity levels in aging populations in non-Western nations. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:412-420, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Participants who identified as female and Black reported more thorough discussions of dialysis than transplant.Participants with low incomes and education reported more thorough discussions of dialysis than transplant., Competing Interests: D. Mohottige reports having other interests/relationships as an National Kidney Foundation Health Equity Advisory Committee member. L.E. Boulware reports receiving honoraria from Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program and various universities for visiting professorships; reports being a scientific advisor or member of the Association for Clinical and Translational Science, Journal of the American Medical Association Editorial Board, Journal of the American Medical Association Network Online Editorial Board, and Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars National Advisory Committee. L. McElroy reports having consultancy agreements with, and receiving honoraria from, Osaka Pharmaceuticals; reports receiving research funding from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities under Award Number U54MD012530 and a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Award; reports being a scientific advisor or member of the Editorial Boards of the Annals of Surgery Open and Clinical Transplantation. P.L. Ephraim reports having consultancy agreements with Stony Run Consulting. S. Peskoe reports having other interests/relationships as a Journal of the American Medical Association Network Open Statistical Reviewer. All remaining authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright © 2022 by the American Society of Nephrology.)